JP5777084B2 - Pavement material manufacturing method - Google Patents

Pavement material manufacturing method Download PDF

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JP5777084B2
JP5777084B2 JP2010165185A JP2010165185A JP5777084B2 JP 5777084 B2 JP5777084 B2 JP 5777084B2 JP 2010165185 A JP2010165185 A JP 2010165185A JP 2010165185 A JP2010165185 A JP 2010165185A JP 5777084 B2 JP5777084 B2 JP 5777084B2
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soil
bamboo
bamboo chips
moisture content
pavement material
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JP2012026149A (en
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研一 佐藤
研一 佐藤
重夫 松木
重夫 松木
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Nippo Corp
Fukuoka University
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Description

本発明は、歩行者系舗装に用いられる土系の舗装材料の製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for producing an earth-based paving material used for pedestrian paving.

近年、歩行者系舗装は、環境保全や地球温暖化、ヒートアイランド現象の緩和・軽減の点からも注目されている。しかしながら、現行の歩行者系舗装の土系材料は、固化収縮時と乾燥に伴うひび割れによる耐久性に大きな問題を抱えている。このひび割れの対策に固化材の添加量を増やすと舗装体が硬くなり、歩道としての歩き心地が悪くなる。また、木材チップのみの歩道では、ミミズ等の発生や木チップの腐食による耐食性がなく、約1年間程度で補修が必要となるし、防草効果も期待できない。   In recent years, pedestrian paving has attracted attention from the viewpoint of environmental conservation, global warming, and mitigation / reduction of the heat island phenomenon. However, the current pedestrian pavement earth-based material has a major problem in durability due to solidification shrinkage and cracking due to drying. If the addition amount of the solidifying material is increased as a countermeasure against the crack, the paved body becomes hard and the walking comfort as a sidewalk becomes worse. Moreover, the sidewalk with only wood chips does not have corrosion resistance due to the occurrence of earthworms or the corrosion of wood chips, and repair is required in about one year, and the herbicidal effect cannot be expected.

そこで、本発明者は、加圧流動床燃焼灰(PFBC灰)と竹廃材を繊維状に破砕したもの(竹チップ)を混入させた歩行者系舗装材料の開発を行っている。例えば、非特許文献1では、まさ土とPFBC灰と竹チップとの配合条件を変えたものと、既に製品として施工実績のある舗装材料(セメント系固化材を使用)との比較試験を行い、加圧流動床灰と竹チップを用いた歩行者系舗装材料の現場適用性について検討した結果を開示している。   In view of this, the present inventor has developed a pedestrian paving material in which a pressurized fluidized bed combustion ash (PFBC ash) and bamboo waste material crushed into fibers (bamboo chips) are mixed. For example, in Non-Patent Document 1, a comparison test is performed between a material in which the blending conditions of masato, PFBC ash, and bamboo chips are changed, and a pavement material (using a cement-based solidifying material) that has already been established as a product The result of examining the field applicability of pedestrian paving materials using pressurized fluidized bed ash and bamboo chips is disclosed.

藤川拓朗、佐藤研一、松木重夫,加圧流動床灰と竹チップを用いた歩行者系舗装材料の現場適用性の検討,第28回日本道路会議論文集(CD−ROM),社団法人日本道路協会,2009年10月Takuro Fujikawa, Kenichi Sato, Shigeo Matsuki, Examination of on-site applicability of pedestrian paving materials using pressurized fluidized bed ash and bamboo chips, Proceedings of the 28th Japan Road Conference (CD-ROM), Japan Road Association, October 2009

ところが、本発明者はその後の研究により、同じ配合条件でまさ土とPFBC灰と竹チップとを混合した場合であっても、混合した舗装材料の締固め試験を行うと、舗装材料の密度にばらつきが生じ、うまく締まらないことがあることが分かった。   However, the present inventor found that the density of the pavement material was reduced by conducting a compaction test of the mixed pavement material, even when mixing masa soil, PFBC ash, and bamboo chips under the same blending conditions. It has been found that variations may occur and may not tighten well.

そこで、本発明では、竹チップを混合した舗装材料において所望の締固め特性を得ることが可能な舗装材料の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。   Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a pavement material capable of obtaining a desired compaction characteristic in a pavement material mixed with bamboo chips.

本発明の舗装材料の製造方法は、竹を繊維状に破砕した竹チップであり、含水比30%以上の竹チップを、土に混合する第1工程と、竹チップと土との混合物に、固化材を混合する第2工程とを含むことを特徴とする。本発明の舗装材料の製造方法によれば、まず含水比30%以上の竹チップを土に混合するので、土の水分を竹チップが吸収するのを防止することができ、竹チップと土とを均一に混合することができる。また、固化材についても、この混合物に対して後から混合するため、竹チップと土との混合状態に影響を及ぼすことがなく、竹チップと土と固化材とが均一に混合された舗装材料を得ることができる。   The method for producing a pavement material of the present invention is bamboo chips obtained by crushing bamboo into fibers, and the first step of mixing bamboo chips having a water content ratio of 30% or more into the soil, and the mixture of bamboo chips and soil, And a second step of mixing the solidifying material. According to the method for producing a pavement material of the present invention, bamboo chips having a moisture content of 30% or more are first mixed with the soil, so that the moisture of the soil can be prevented from being absorbed by the bamboo chips, Can be mixed uniformly. Also, since the solidified material is mixed later with respect to this mixture, there is no effect on the mixed state of the bamboo chips and the soil, and the pavement material in which the bamboo chips, the soil and the solidified material are uniformly mixed. Can be obtained.

こうして得られた舗装材料により施工された舗装体は、均一に混合された竹チップにより弾力性を有するので、足に優しい歩行者系舗装(歩道用舗装)として適している。また、竹チップが舗装材料の乾燥収縮と歩行荷重に伴うひび割れを引張り補強材料として効果的に作用し、舗装体の耐久性を格段に向上させる。   The pavement constructed with the pavement material obtained in this way has elasticity due to the uniformly mixed bamboo chips, and is therefore suitable as a pedestrian pavement (walking pavement) that is gentle on the feet. In addition, the bamboo chip effectively acts as a reinforcing material by pulling cracks associated with drying shrinkage and walking load of the pavement material, and thereby significantly improving the durability of the pavement.

なお、含水比が30%未満の竹チップでは土の水分を竹チップが吸収するため、竹チップと土とが均一に混合されず、上記竹チップの特性を安定的に得られなくなり、所望の締固め特性を得ることができなくなる。一方、竹チップの含水比は高くても良いが、80%以下、より好ましくは40%以下とすることが望ましい。竹チップの含水比が80%以下の状態で土と混合することで、締固め特性の最も良い舗装材料を得ることができる。特に、含水比が30%以上40%以下の場合には、舗装材料の含水比に与える影響を少なくすることができるとともに、安定した締固め特性を得ることができる。   In addition, in bamboo chips having a moisture content of less than 30%, the bamboo chips absorb the moisture of the soil, so the bamboo chips and the soil are not uniformly mixed, and the characteristics of the bamboo chips cannot be obtained stably, and the desired It becomes impossible to obtain compaction characteristics. On the other hand, the moisture content of the bamboo chip may be high, but it is desirable that it be 80% or less, more preferably 40% or less. A pavement material with the best compaction characteristics can be obtained by mixing with soil in a state where the moisture content of the bamboo chips is 80% or less. In particular, when the water content is 30% or more and 40% or less, the influence on the water content of the pavement material can be reduced, and a stable compaction characteristic can be obtained.

また、固化材は石炭灰であることが望ましい。本発明の舗装材料により施工した舗装体が排水性を有することから、アルカリ性である石炭灰による防草効果を長期に渡って発揮することが可能な舗装材料が得られる。   The solidifying material is preferably coal ash. Since the pavement constructed with the pavement material of the present invention has drainage, a pavement material capable of exhibiting the herbicidal effect of alkaline coal ash over a long period of time is obtained.

(1)竹を繊維状に破砕した竹チップであり、含水比30%以上の竹チップを、土に混合する第1工程と、竹チップと土との混合物に、固化材を混合する第2工程とを含むことにより、竹チップと土と固化材とが均一に混合され、所望の締固め特性を得ることが可能な舗装材料を得ることができる。 (1) Bamboo chips obtained by crushing bamboo into fibers, the first step of mixing bamboo chips with a water content ratio of 30% or more into the soil, and the second step of mixing the solidified material into the mixture of bamboo chips and soil By including a process, the bamboo chip | tip, the soil, and the solidification material are mixed uniformly, and the pavement material which can obtain a desired compaction characteristic can be obtained.

(2)竹チップの含水比が80%以下の状態で土と混合することで、締固め特性の最も良い舗装材料を得ることができる。特に、含水比が30%以上40%以下の場合には、舗装材料の含水比に与える影響を少なくすることができるとともに、安定した締固め特性を得ることができる。 (2) A pavement material with the best compaction characteristics can be obtained by mixing with soil in a state where the moisture content of bamboo chips is 80% or less. In particular, when the water content is 30% or more and 40% or less, the influence on the water content of the pavement material can be reduced, and a stable compaction characteristic can be obtained.

(3)固化材が石炭灰であることにより、アルカリ性である石炭灰による防草効果を長期に渡って発揮することが可能な舗装材料が得られる。 (3) When the solidifying material is coal ash, a pavement material capable of exhibiting the herbicidal effect of alkaline coal ash over a long period of time is obtained.

本発明の実施の形態における舗装材料の製造方法を示すフロー図である。It is a flowchart which shows the manufacturing method of the pavement material in embodiment of this invention. 竹チップの含水比と、竹チップ混入後の含水比および湿潤密度との関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the moisture content of a bamboo chip | tip, the moisture content after bamboo chip mixing, and a wet density.

図1は本発明の実施の形態における舗装材料の製造方法を示すフロー図である。図1に示すように、本発明の実施の形態における舗装材料の製造方法は、竹チップを土に混合する第1混合工程と、この竹チップと土との混合物に固化材を混合する第2混合工程とからなる。第1混合工程における竹チップと土との混合は、バックホウ等を用いることができる。まずバックホウにより土を計量した後、バックホウにより土と竹チップとを混合する。   FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a method for manufacturing a paving material in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the manufacturing method of the pavement material in embodiment of this invention is the 1st mixing process which mixes a bamboo chip | tip with soil, and the 2nd which mixes a solidification material with this mixture of a bamboo chip | tip and soil. A mixing step. A backhoe or the like can be used for mixing the bamboo chips and the soil in the first mixing step. First, soil is weighed with a backhoe, and then soil and bamboo chips are mixed with the backhoe.

土としては、良質な風化残積土(例えば、まさ土など)、シラス、山砂や良質な建設発生土等を用いることができる。また、竹チップは、竹を長さ10〜30mm、太さ0.5〜3.5mmの繊維状に破砕したものであり、含水比30%以上40%以下のものを用いる。このとき、一般的に竹チップの初期含水比は20%程度であるため、水を加えて含水比を30%以上40%以下に調整する。土の含水比は問わないが、まさ土の場合、一般的に10〜30%である。竹チップの添加率は、土の絶乾重量に対する重量比で2〜8%である。   As the soil, high-quality weathered residual soil (for example, Masa soil), shirasu, mountain sand, high-quality construction generated soil, or the like can be used. The bamboo chip is obtained by crushing bamboo into a fiber having a length of 10 to 30 mm and a thickness of 0.5 to 3.5 mm, and having a water content of 30% to 40%. At this time, since the initial moisture content of bamboo chips is generally about 20%, water is added to adjust the moisture content to 30% or more and 40% or less. The moisture content of the soil is not limited, but in the case of masa soil, it is generally 10 to 30%. The addition rate of bamboo chips is 2-8% by weight ratio to the absolute dry weight of the soil.

第2混合工程における混合は、自走式土質改良機等を用いることができる。上記第1混合工程において混合した土と竹チップとの混合物を計量枡に入れ、自走式土質改良機を通してキャリブレーションを行った後、自走式土質改良機の土砂ホッパに投入する。そして、固化材を自走式土質改良機の固化材ホッパに投入し、土と竹チップとの混合物と混合する。混合された混合物は、舗装材料として自走式土質改良機のベルトコンベアから排出される。   For the mixing in the second mixing step, a self-propelled soil conditioner or the like can be used. The mixture of the soil and bamboo chips mixed in the first mixing step is put into a measuring basket, calibrated through a self-propelled soil conditioner, and then put into a soil hopper of the self-propelled soil conditioner. Then, the solidified material is put into a solidified material hopper of a self-propelled soil improvement machine and mixed with a mixture of soil and bamboo chips. The mixed mixture is discharged from a belt conveyor of a self-propelled soil improvement machine as a paving material.

ここで、固化材としてはPFBC灰やセメント等を用いることができる。PFBC灰は自硬性を有する乾燥したパウダー状の石炭灰であり、セメントと同様に舗装材料の固化材として使用することができる。固化材の添加率は、土の絶乾重量に対する重量比で7〜13%である。   Here, PFBC ash, cement, or the like can be used as the solidifying material. PFBC ash is a dry powdery coal ash having self-hardening properties, and can be used as a solidifying material for paving materials as well as cement. The addition rate of the solidifying material is 7 to 13% by weight ratio to the absolute dry weight of the soil.

上記のように本発明の実施の形態における舗装材料の製造方法では、まず第1混合工程において含水比30%以上40%以下の竹チップを土に混合するので、土の水分を竹チップが吸収するのを防止することができ、竹チップと土とを均一に混合することができる。また、固化材についても、第2混合工程において後から混合するため、竹チップと土との混合状態に影響を及ぼすことがなく、竹チップと土と固化材とが均一に混合された舗装材料を得ることができる。   As described above, in the method for manufacturing a pavement material according to the embodiment of the present invention, bamboo chips having a moisture content of 30% to 40% are first mixed with the soil in the first mixing step. Can be prevented, and bamboo chips and soil can be mixed uniformly. In addition, since the solidifying material is mixed later in the second mixing step, the pavement material in which the bamboo chip, the soil, and the solidifying material are uniformly mixed without affecting the mixed state of the bamboo chips and the soil. Can be obtained.

また、本発明の実施の形態における舗装材料により施工した舗装体は、土系であるため排水性を有している。そして、固化材として石炭灰を用いた舗装材料では、アルカリ性である石炭灰による防草効果を長期に渡って発揮することが可能である。   Moreover, since the pavement constructed with the pavement material in the embodiment of the present invention is a soil system, it has drainage. And in the pavement material which used coal ash as a solidification material, it is possible to demonstrate the herbicidal effect by alkaline coal ash for a long term.

本発明の舗装材料の締固め特性について試験を行った。
<試験条件>
試験は、まさ土の初期含水比をw=18%、竹チップの添加率を5%と一定にして行った。また、竹チップの添加率は、土の絶乾重量に対する外割り配合で行った。
The compaction characteristics of the paving material of the present invention were tested.
<Test conditions>
The test was conducted with the initial moisture content of the masa soil constant at w = 18% and the addition rate of bamboo chips at 5%. Moreover, the addition rate of the bamboo chip | tip was performed by the external mix with respect to the absolute dry weight of soil.

<試験方法>
まず、一度絶乾状態にした竹チップに所定の水を加え、初期の含水比を調整した。また、水が材料に十分馴染むように水を加えた後に1日間静置させた。その後、一定の含水比に調整したまさ土と竹チップを混合し、締固め試験を行った。締固め試験は、重さ2.5kg、落下高さ30cmのランマーを使用し、モールドを3層に分け、各層25回ずつ締固めた。
<Test method>
First, predetermined water was added to bamboo chips once dried to adjust the initial moisture content. Moreover, after adding water so that water might fully adjust to a material, it was left still for 1 day. Thereafter, mash and bamboo chips adjusted to a certain water content were mixed and a compaction test was conducted. In the compaction test, a rammer weighing 2.5 kg and having a drop height of 30 cm was used, the mold was divided into three layers, and each layer was compacted 25 times.

<試験結果および考察>
締固め試験から得られる所定の容器内に締固められた舗装材料の湿潤密度の変化により、竹の初期含水比の影響について検討した。表1および図2に竹チップの含水比と、竹チップ混入後の含水比および湿潤密度との関係を示す。
<Test results and discussion>
The effect of the initial moisture content of the bamboo was examined by changing the wet density of the pavement material compacted in a given container obtained from the compaction test. Table 1 and FIG. 2 show the relationship between the moisture content of the bamboo chips and the moisture content and wet density after mixing the bamboo chips.

Figure 0005777084
Figure 0005777084

湿潤密度は、竹チップの初期の含水比の影響を受け、含水比の変化に伴って密度が異なっていることが分かる。舗装材料の締固め特性(湿潤密度)は、含水比0%から一旦下がり、含水比26%で含水比0%と同じ数値となっている。そして、含水比が30%以上40%以下の範囲では、締固め特性が一般的な竹チップの初期含水比20%程度のものと比較して、明確に密な状態を示している。   It can be seen that the wet density is affected by the initial moisture content of the bamboo chips, and the density varies with changes in the moisture content. The compaction property (wet density) of the pavement material temporarily decreases from the moisture content ratio of 0%, and is the same value as the moisture content ratio of 0% at a moisture content ratio of 26%. When the water content is in the range of 30% or more and 40% or less, the compaction characteristics are clearly denser than that of a general bamboo chip having an initial water content of about 20%.

この結果は、竹チップと土の混合において、竹チップの初期含水比が影響を及ぼすことを意味している。特に、含水比26%以下の竹チップでは、締固められた舗装材料の密度がばらつき、うまく締まっていないことが分かる。これに対し、含水比30%以上の竹チップでは、同一エネルギーの締固めにおいて高い密度でかつ安定した路盤が施工できることを示している。   This result means that the initial moisture content of bamboo chips affects the mixing of bamboo chips and soil. In particular, with bamboo chips having a moisture content of 26% or less, it can be seen that the density of the compacted pavement material varies and does not tighten well. In contrast, bamboo chips having a water content ratio of 30% or more show that a high-density and stable roadbed can be constructed with the same energy compaction.

なお、含水比40%超の場合であっても、締固め特性は含水比40%の状態から下がってはいるものの、密な状態を示しており、所望の締固め特性を得るという目的は達成できている。   Even when the water content is more than 40%, the compaction characteristic is lowered from the state of the water content 40%, but it shows a dense state and the object of obtaining the desired compaction characteristic is achieved. is made of.

本発明の舗装材料の製造方法は、歩行者系舗装に用いられる土系の舗装材料の製造方法として有用である。特に、本発明は、竹チップを混合した舗装材料において所望の締固め特性を得ることが可能な舗装材料の製造方法として好適である。   The method for producing a paving material of the present invention is useful as a method for producing an earth-based paving material used for pedestrian paving. In particular, the present invention is suitable as a method for producing a pavement material capable of obtaining desired compaction characteristics in a pavement material mixed with bamboo chips.

Claims (1)

竹を繊維状に破砕した竹チップであり、含水比30%以上80%以下の竹チップを、含水比10〜30%の土に土の絶乾重量に対する重量比で2〜8%混合する第1工程と、
前記竹チップと前記土との混合物に、固化材として石炭灰またはセメントを混合する第2工程と
を含む舗装材料の製造方法。
Bamboo chips obtained by crushing bamboo into a fiber form. Bamboo chips having a moisture content of 30% to 80% are mixed with soil having a moisture content of 10 to 30% in a weight ratio of 2 to 8% by weight relative to the absolute dry weight of the soil . 1 process,
The manufacturing method of the pavement material including the 2nd process of mixing coal ash or cement as a solidification material with the mixture of the said bamboo chip | tip and the said soil.
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