JP2014015822A - Safe/comfortable pavement material employing bamboo fibers - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pavement material effective for creating a safe/comfortable walking space with freshness by employing a cement solidified object having a water-retaining performance with which suppression of road temperature elevation in summer is expected, and presenting appropriate shock absorption, the cement solidified object resulting from mixing bamboo fibers and pearlite having a highest water-retaining capacity among natural materials, and further, by employing the bamboo fibers presenting effects such as deodorization/sterilization/noxious insect repellent effects.SOLUTION: The cement solidified object is obtained by putting and mixing cement in about 40 wt% and water into bamboo fibers in about 20 wt% and pearlite in about 5 wt% which has a highest water-retaining capacity among natural materials. An effect of suppression of road surface temperature elevation in summer of the cement solidified object is about 20°C, and the cement solidified object has sustainability of water sprinkling effects because of the water-retaining performance, and also has appropriate shock absorption.

Description

本発明は竹繊維とパーライトとを混合したセメント固化体を住宅等の通路等に用いる安全・快適な舗装材である。  The present invention is a safe and comfortable pavement material in which a cement solid body obtained by mixing bamboo fiber and pearlite is used for a passage of a house or the like.

高齢化社会の進展に伴い病院や家庭の通路など、足腰にやさしい衝撃吸収性のある安全な歩行空間が求められている。  With the progress of an aging society, there is a need for a safe walking space with shock absorption that is gentle on legs and legs, such as hospitals and home passages.

また、近年の夏季時の猛暑により園路や通路等は路面の照り返し等で灼熱状態（ヒートスポット）となっており、このような場所では涼感のある歩行空間が求められている。  In addition, due to the intense heat of summer in recent years, the garden roads and passages are in a scorching state (heat spot) due to the reflection of the road surface, etc. In such places, a cool walking space is required.

また、近年の夏季時の猛暑に手短な涼感方法として、打ち水がある水が気化する間表面温度の冷却効果が見られる。
この打ち水効果の持続性をより一層可能にした。In addition, as a cool feeling method that is easy to deal with the intense heat in summer in recent years, a cooling effect on the surface temperature can be seen while water with struck water evaporates.
The sustainability of this water hammer effect has been made even more possible.

竹繊維を使って出来たモルタルは、曲げ強度の改善がみとめられ、ひび割れ抑制や靭性向上効果を有している。  Mortar made from bamboo fiber has improved bending strength and has the effect of suppressing cracking and improving toughness.

本発明は、竹繊維と天然材料で最も保水量の大きいパーライトとを混合して出来たセメント固体化は、夏季の路面温度の上昇抑制が期待される保水性を有するとともに適度な衝撃吸収がある。
さらに、竹繊維は防臭・抗菌・害虫に対する忌避効果等の効能があり、涼感のある安全・快適な歩行空間の創出に有効な舗装材である。In the present invention, cement solidification made by mixing bamboo fiber and pearlite, which is a natural material and has the largest water retention amount, has water retention that is expected to suppress increase in road surface temperature in summer and has moderate impact absorption. .
In addition, bamboo fiber is effective in creating a safe and comfortable walking space with a cool sensation.

課題を解決すための手段Means to solve the problem

竹繊維の長さ７ｍｍ以上のものが５％、５〜７ｍｍのものが５％、３〜５ｍｍのものが１７％、３ｍｍ以下のものが７３％の竹繊維と真珠岩のパーライト粒度５．０ｍｍ以下密度０．１７Ｋｇ／Ｌとセメントとみずを入れモルタルミキサーで撹拌混合し固化体をつくる。  Bamboo fiber with a length of 7 mm or more 5%, 5-7 mm 5%, 3-5 mm 17%, 3 mm or less 73% bamboo fiber and pearlite pearlite particle size 5.0 mm Below, a density of 0.17 Kg / L, cement and water are added and mixed by stirring with a mortar mixer to produce a solidified body.

本発明の実施形態を表及び図面に基づき説明する。表１は本実施形態の竹繊維舗装材の性能でる。図１は本実施形態のＧＢ係数（衝撃吸収性）である。
図２は本実施形態の表面温度冷却効果のメカニズムである。表２は本実施形態のランプ照射試験によるアスファルト舗装材との比較である。Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to tables and drawings. Table 1 shows the performance of the bamboo fiber pavement of this embodiment. FIG. 1 shows the GB coefficient (shock absorption) of the present embodiment.
FIG. 2 shows the mechanism of the surface temperature cooling effect of this embodiment. Table 2 is a comparison with the asphalt pavement material by the lamp irradiation test of this embodiment.

つぎに、配合試験による供試体の作成
材料をモルタルミキサーで撹拌混合した。材料後、低速３０秒、高速で１分間練り混ぜるさらに径１０ｃｍ、高さ２０ｃｍの既成型枠又は横１０ｃｍ、縦２０ｃｍ及び高さ１０ｃｍの型枠に充填し人力により成型した。Next, the preparation material of the specimen by a compounding test was stirred and mixed with a mortar mixer. After the material, the mixture was kneaded at a low speed of 30 seconds and at a high speed for 1 minute, and filled in a pre-formed frame having a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 20 cm or a form frame having a width of 10 cm, a length of 20 cm and a height of 10 cm.

つぎに、舗装材の品質試験は、（１）密度試験（２）保水試験ＪＩＳＡ５３７１（３）曲げ試験ＪＩＳＡ５３６３（４）歩きやすさの評価：弾力性試験ＣＢ・ＳＢ係数（５）照射ランプによる供試体表面温度の測定（社）日本道路協会が規定する路面温度低減値を求める為の照射ランプによる供試体表面温度の測定方法に準じて行う。なお、恒温恒湿室は用いず、光源にハロゲンランプを用いた。室温及び開始時の供試体の表面温度は１０度で行い、本研究では、密粒アスファルト混合物が照射３時間後に６０度になるように設定した条件化で供試体表面温度を測定し、６０度との差の路面温度低減値（℃）とした。  Next, the quality test of the pavement material is as follows: (1) Density test (2) Water retention test JISA 5371 (3) Bend test JISA 5363 (4) Ease of walking: Elasticity test CB / SB coefficient (5) Provided by irradiation lamp Measurement of specimen surface temperature This is performed in accordance with the measurement method of specimen surface temperature with an irradiation lamp to determine the road surface temperature reduction value specified by the Japan Road Association. Note that a halogen lamp was used as a light source without using a constant temperature and humidity chamber. The room temperature and the starting surface temperature of the specimen were 10 degrees. In this study, the specimen surface temperature was measured under conditions set so that the dense-grained asphalt mixture would be 60 degrees after 3 hours of irradiation. The road surface temperature reduction value (° C) of the difference between

溶出試験については、舗装材の環境に及ぼす負荷を調べるため環境庁告示第４６号に規定される土壌の汚染に係る環境基準２７項目の溶室試験をおこなった。  For the dissolution test, a 27-room chamber test related to soil contamination specified in Environment Agency Notification No. 46 was conducted to investigate the environmental impact of pavement materials.

舗装材の施工性及び有効性を確認するため、配合試験及び供試体の品質試験から得られた最適配合の舗装材を用いて実際に屋外施工し実証試験を行った。  In order to confirm the workability and effectiveness of the pavement material, a field test was carried out by actually using the pavement material of the optimum composition obtained from the compounding test and the quality test of the specimen.

練り混ぜは強制練パン型ミキサーを、舗装材の敷設厚さは１０ｃｍとし、コンクリート製ローラーを使用して転圧した。転圧後の厚さは６ｃｍであった。
また、品質試験は、（１）弾力性試験ＧＢ・ＳＢ係数（２）歩道の安全性評価（３）植生への影響試験セメントで固化した舗装材はアルカリ性を示すこと、及び竹繊維から溶出成分の周囲の植生への影響の有無を調べるため実施した。The kneading was carried out by using a forced kneading bread type mixer, the paving material was 10 cm thick, and a concrete roller was used for rolling. The thickness after rolling was 6 cm.
In addition, the quality test consists of (1) elasticity test GB / SB coefficient (2) sidewalk safety evaluation (3) vegetation impact test pavement solidified with cement shows alkalinity and elution components from bamboo fiber It was carried out in order to investigate the influence on the surrounding vegetation.

発明の効果Effect of the invention

配合の検討はセメント、水、竹繊維、パーライトの割合を変え供試体を作成した。
図２〜４に添加物を含まない９種類の配合について品質試験の結果を示した。
配合の検討に際し、保水量を大きくし、強度（圧縮又は曲げ強度）を確保した弾力性のある（ＧＢ係数が小さい）セメント固化体の制作を目標とした。
図２は乾燥密度とＧＢ係数の関係をしめしたもので、正の相関が見られる。またＧＢ係数を３０％以下にするには、乾燥密度を０．７０以下にする必要があることが分かった。

図３はセメント量とＧＢ係数の関係を示したもので、正の相関が見られる。
さらに、ＧＢ係数を３０％以下にするには、セメント量を４２０ｇ／バッチ以下にする必要があることが分かる。

図４は乾燥密度と曲げ強度の関係を示したもので、正の相関が見られる。この図から目標とする曲げ強度を１．０（Ｎ／ｍｍ^２）以上にするためには、乾燥密度を０．６３以上にする必要があることが分かった。The composition was examined by changing the proportions of cement, water, bamboo fiber and pearlite.
The results of the quality test are shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 for nine types of blends not containing additives.
In the study of the blending, the aim was to produce a cement solidified body with a large amount of water retention and an elastic (low GB coefficient) ensuring strength (compression or bending strength).
FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the dry density and the GB coefficient, and a positive correlation is observed. It was also found that the dry density needs to be 0.70 or less in order to make the GB coefficient 30% or less.

FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the cement amount and the GB coefficient, and a positive correlation is observed.
Further, it can be seen that the cement amount needs to be 420 g / batch or less in order to make the GB coefficient 30% or less.

FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the dry density and the bending strength, and a positive correlation is observed. From this figure, it was found that in order to make the target bending strength 1.0 (N / mm ² ) or more, the dry density needs to be 0.63 or more.

品質においては、弾力性試験ＧＢ係数が２６％、ＳＢ係数が６％の値が得られた。
また、すべり抵抗試験は７５ＢＰＮの値が得られ、（独）土木研究所が示した土系舗装の性能目標（暫定案）に示される値（４０以上）を満足した。In terms of quality, the elasticity test GB coefficient was 26% and the SB coefficient was 6%.
In the slip resistance test, a value of 75 BPN was obtained, which satisfied the value (40 or more) indicated in the performance target (provisional plan) of the earth-based pavement indicated by the Civil Engineering Research Institute.

敷設した舗装材に径２０ｃｍの孔を開け、３株の桜草を植えた後３週間経過したが、現在のところ育成に問題はないと判断した。Three weeks have passed since a 20 cm diameter hole was drilled in the laid paving material and three primroses were planted.

Claims (4)

孟宗竹、和竹、笹竹等の竹材を所要の小片に破砕のうえ、加圧押出装置により少なくともその内部圧力が１５Ｋｇ／ｃｍ２以上で加圧混練し、カッターでミンチ状にし且その長さを２０〜２００ｍｍに裁断のうえ、その先端の多孔なノズルより大気中に吐出し、膨潤拡散して硬組織と柔組織の解体と、細胞壁を形成するセルロース及びヘミセルロースをリグニンより解離させた解繊状の竹繊維を用いる。  After crushing bamboo materials such as 孟 mul bamboo, Japanese bamboo, bamboo shoots, etc. into the required small pieces, they are pressure-kneaded at least with an internal pressure of 15 kg / cm2 or more by a pressure extrusion device, minced with a cutter, and the length is 20 to 20 A defibrated bamboo that is cut into 200 mm, discharged into the atmosphere from a porous nozzle at the tip, swelled and diffused to dissociate the hard and soft tissues, and the cellulose and hemicellulose that form cell walls to be dissociated from lignin Use fiber. 北海道奥尻島産の真珠岩を原料で、粒度は５．０ｍｍ以下を用いる。  The raw material is pearlite from Okushiri Island, Hokkaido. ［請求項１］の竹繊維と［請求項２］の保水量の大きいパーライトとを混合して出来たセメント固体化物。  A cement solidified product obtained by mixing bamboo fiber of [Claim 1] and pearlite having a large water retention amount of [Claim 2]. ［請求項３］のセメント固体化物の舗装材関係全般を言う。  This refers to all pavement materials related to solidified cement according to [Claim 3].