JP5712180B2 - Three-way valve - Google Patents

Three-way valve Download PDF

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JP5712180B2
JP5712180B2 JP2012206591A JP2012206591A JP5712180B2 JP 5712180 B2 JP5712180 B2 JP 5712180B2 JP 2012206591 A JP2012206591 A JP 2012206591A JP 2012206591 A JP2012206591 A JP 2012206591A JP 5712180 B2 JP5712180 B2 JP 5712180B2
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雄 岡野
雄 岡野
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Rinnai Corp
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Description

本発明は、例えば、水、湯等の流体に対する分流弁又は混合弁として利用される三方弁に関する。   The present invention relates to a three-way valve used as a diversion valve or a mixing valve for a fluid such as water or hot water.

従来の三方弁として、例えば、特許文献１に記載されたものがある。図５に示すように、この従来の三方弁５０１は、第１ポート５１１と第２ポート５１２とを両側に連通するとともに第３ポート５１３を中間に連通する直線流路５１４が形成されたケーシング５２１を備える。直線流路５１４には第１ポート５１１側に第１弁座５５０Ａが形成された第１弁口５０５Ａを有し、第２ポート５１２側に第２弁座５５０Ｂが形成された第２弁口５０５Ｂを有している。また、ケーシング５２１内にはモータ駆動により直線流路５１４の平行方向に移動可能なシャフト５０４に取り付けられて第１弁座５５０Ａ及び第２弁座５５０Ｂに当接又は離間する第１弁体５０３Ａ及び第２弁体５０３Ｂが配設されている。第１弁体５０３Ａ及び第２弁体５０３Ｂは、後端部に外側へ延びる弁体鍔部５３０Ａ，５３０Ｂが周設され、この弁体鍔部５３０Ａ，５３０Ｂが第１弁座５５０Ａ及び第２弁座５５０Ｂに当接される。第１弁体５０３Ａの弁体鍔部５３０Ａと第１弁座５５０Ａとの互いの当接面５００Ｙ，５００Ｘ、及び第２弁体５０３Ｂの弁体鍔部５３０Ｂと第２弁座５５０Ｂとの互いの当接面５００Ｙ，５００Ｘは、シャフト５０４の軸方向と直交する平面で形成されている。   As a conventional three-way valve, for example, there is one described in Patent Document 1. As shown in FIG. 5, this conventional three-way valve 501 has a casing 521 in which a linear flow path 514 that connects the first port 511 and the second port 512 to both sides and the third port 513 to the middle is formed. Is provided. The straight flow path 514 has a first valve port 505A having a first valve seat 550A formed on the first port 511 side, and a second valve port 505B having a second valve seat 550B formed on the second port 512 side. have. Further, in the casing 521, a first valve body 503A attached to a shaft 504 movable in a parallel direction of the linear flow path 514 by driving a motor and contacting or separating from the first valve seat 550A and the second valve seat 550B, and A second valve body 503B is disposed. The first valve body 503A and the second valve body 503B are provided with valve body flange portions 530A and 530B extending outward at the rear end portions, and the valve body flange portions 530A and 530B are provided as the first valve seat 550A and the second valve. It abuts on the seat 550B. The mutual contact surfaces 500Y, 500X of the valve body flange 530A and the first valve seat 550A of the first valve body 503A, and the mutual contact surfaces of the valve body flange 530B and the second valve seat 550B of the second valve body 503B. The contact surfaces 500Y and 500X are formed by a plane orthogonal to the axial direction of the shaft 504.

そして、この三方弁５０１を分流弁として利用する場合、第３ポート５１３から入力する流体を第１ポート５１１と第２ポート５１２へ分流させる際、シャフト５０４を軸方向に移動させて第１弁体５０３Ａ及び第２弁体５０３Ｂの弁位置を設定し第１ポート５１１及び第２ポート５１２の流量制御を行う。この場合、例えば、開口面積が小さくなる第２弁口５０５Ｂにおいて、第３ポート５１３から第２ポート５１２へ流れる流体は、第２弁座５５０Ｂに衝突した後に流れの向きを軸方向と直交する方向に変更して弁体鍔部５３０Ｂの当接面５００Ｙと第２弁座５５０Ｂの当接面５００Ｘとの間に流れ込むので、弁体鍔部５３０Ｂと弁座５５０Ｂとの当接面５００Ｙ，５００Ｘ間を流れる流体の流速を低下させる。また、弁体鍔部５３０Ｂと弁座５５０Ｂとの当接面５００Ｙ，５００Ｘ間を流れる流体によって弁体鍔部５３０Ｂの当接面５００Ｙに対して弁座５５０Ｂの当接面５００Ｘから離れる方向に圧力が作用する。従って、弁体鍔部５３０Ｂと弁座５５０Ｂとの当接面５００Ｙ，５００Ｘ間の距離を小さく設定したときでも弁口５０５Ｂの上下流間での圧力差により弁体５０３Ｂが弁座５５０Ｂ側に強く引き込まれることが防止され、シャフト５０４のストロークによって弁体鍔部５３０Ｂと弁座５５０Ｂとの当接面５００Ｙ，５００Ｘ間の距離を設定値に維持して比例的な流量制御が行なえる（特許文献１の段落０００９等）。   When this three-way valve 501 is used as a diverter valve, when diverting the fluid input from the third port 513 to the first port 511 and the second port 512, the shaft 504 is moved in the axial direction to move the first valve body. The valve position of 503A and the 2nd valve body 503B is set, and the flow control of the 1st port 511 and the 2nd port 512 is performed. In this case, for example, in the second valve port 505B having a small opening area, the fluid flowing from the third port 513 to the second port 512 has a flow direction perpendicular to the axial direction after colliding with the second valve seat 550B. Since the flow flows between the contact surface 500Y of the valve body flange 530B and the contact surface 500X of the second valve seat 550B, the contact surface 500Y between the valve body flange 530B and the valve seat 550B is between 500Y and 500X. The flow rate of the fluid flowing through is reduced. Further, the pressure flowing in the direction away from the contact surface 500X of the valve seat 550B with respect to the contact surface 500Y of the valve body flange 530B by the fluid flowing between the contact surfaces 500Y and 500X of the valve body flange 530B and the valve seat 550B. Works. Therefore, even when the distance between the contact surfaces 500Y and 500X between the valve body collar 530B and the valve seat 550B is set small, the valve body 503B is strongly moved toward the valve seat 550B due to the pressure difference between the upstream and downstream of the valve port 505B. It is prevented from being pulled in, and proportional flow control can be performed by maintaining the distance between the contact surfaces 500Y and 500X of the valve body flange 530B and the valve seat 550B at a set value by the stroke of the shaft 504 (Patent Document) 1 paragraph 0009, etc.).

特開２０１１−３３０８８号公報JP 2011-33088 A 特開２０１０−３１９８６号公報JP 2010-31986

しかしながら、従来の三方弁５０１では、さらに高い分配比を得るために弁体５０３Ａ，５０３Ｂの弁位置を移動させると分配比が一挙に高くなってしまい、目標とする高分配比の状態に弁位置を設定するのが困難であった。これは、開口面積が大きくなる一方の弁口側（例えば第１弁口５０５Ａ）では、開口面積が一定以上に大きくなるとそこを流れる流体の流量がほとんど増えないのに対し、開口面積が小さくなる他方の弁口側（例えば第２弁口５０５Ｂ）では、そこを流れる流体の流量が急激に低下するためである。ここで他方の弁口側で流体の流量が急激に低下する原因として、弁体鍔部５０５Ｂが流体の流れの障害となり、流体の流れの向きを変更して弁体鍔部と弁座５５０Ｂとの当接面５００Ｙ，５００Ｘ間を流れる流体の流速を低下させることから、弁口５０５Ｂの開口面積がさらに小さくなると流体が弁口５０５Ｂ内に流れ難くなるためであると考えられる。特に、全体流量が少なくなると開口面積が小さくなる方の弁口側での流量の急激な低下が顕著となり、目標とする高分配比に弁位置を設定するのが一層困難であった。   However, in the conventional three-way valve 501, when the valve positions of the valve bodies 503A and 503B are moved in order to obtain a higher distribution ratio, the distribution ratio becomes high at once, and the valve position is brought into a target high distribution ratio state. It was difficult to set up. This is because, on one valve port side (for example, the first valve port 505A) where the opening area is large, when the opening area is larger than a certain level, the flow rate of the fluid flowing therethrough hardly increases, whereas the opening area is small. This is because, on the other valve port side (for example, the second valve port 505B), the flow rate of the fluid flowing there suddenly decreases. Here, as the cause of the sudden decrease in the flow rate of the fluid on the other valve port side, the valve body flange 505B becomes an obstacle to the flow of the fluid, and the direction of the fluid flow is changed to change the valve body flange and the valve seat 550B. Since the flow velocity of the fluid flowing between the contact surfaces 500Y and 500X is reduced, it is considered that when the opening area of the valve port 505B is further reduced, the fluid hardly flows into the valve port 505B. In particular, when the total flow rate decreases, the flow rate on the side of the valve port on which the opening area is reduced is drastically reduced, making it more difficult to set the valve position to the target high distribution ratio.

本発明は、上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、弁口の開口面積を小さくしても流量が急激に低下することがなく、目標とする高分配比の状態に設定することが可能な三方弁を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and even if the opening area of the valve port is reduced, the flow rate does not drop rapidly, and can be set to a target high distribution ratio state. The purpose is to provide a three-way valve.

本発明に係る三方弁は、
第１ポートと第２ポートとを両側に連通するとともに第３ポートを中間に連通する直線流路が形成され、直線流路の第１ポート側及び第２ポート側には第１弁口及び第２弁口が形成され、モータ駆動により直線流路の平行方向に移動可能なシャフトに取り付けられて第１弁口及び第２弁口に接近又は離間して開口面積を調整する第１弁体及び第２弁体が配設されている三方弁であって、
第１弁口と第２弁口は、その構成壁内周面が円筒状の環状面とし、
第１弁体と第２弁体は、先側部分を第１弁口又は第２弁口に向かって外径が縮小するテーパ部と、テーパ部から連続した後側部分を第１弁口又は第２弁口における環状面内に入り込ませる円柱状のストレート部とを備え、
第１弁体又は第２弁体は、テーパ部の後側部分がストレート部の径以下に形成されてストレート部が環状面との間に隙間を有して弁口の開口面積を一定の最小面積に設定して弁口を塞がない構成としたものである。


The three-way valve according to the present invention is
A straight flow path is formed which communicates the first port and the second port on both sides and communicates the third port in the middle. The first port side and the second port side of the straight flow path are provided with the first valve port and the second port. A first valve body that is formed with two valve ports and is attached to a shaft that is movable in the parallel direction of the linear flow path by driving a motor, and that adjusts an opening area by approaching or separating from the first valve port and the second valve port; A three-way valve provided with a second valve body,
The first valve port and the second valve port have a cylindrical annular surface whose inner wall surface is a cylindrical shape,
The first valve body and the second valve body have a tapered portion whose outer diameter decreases toward the first valve port or the second valve port at the front side portion, and the first valve port or the rear side portion continuous from the tapered portion. and a write Maseru cylindrical straight portion enters the annular surface of the second valve port,
In the first valve body or the second valve body, the rear portion of the tapered portion is formed to have a diameter equal to or smaller than the diameter of the straight portion, and the straight portion has a gap between the annular surface and the opening area of the valve port is a certain minimum The area is set so that the valve opening is not blocked .


上記構成より、弁体の後側部分が弁口内に入り込む円柱状のストレート部となっており、従来の三方弁における弁体鍔部のような流体の流れの障害となるものが存在しないし、弁口へ向かう流体は、流れの向きを変えることなく弁体と弁口との隙間に流れ込む。従って、弁体のストレート部が弁口の環状面に配置されて弁口の開口面積が小さく設定された状態でも流体が弁口内に円滑に導入される。それゆえ、従来の三方弁のように流体の流量が急激に低下するということもない。しかも、弁体のストレート部によって弁口の開口面積が一定の最小面積に設定されるので、弁口を通過する流体の流量を一定の小流量に保持することができる。よって、弁口の開口面積を小さくすることにより、目標とする高分配比の状態を安定して得ることができる。   From the above configuration, the rear part of the valve body is a cylindrical straight part that enters the valve opening, and there is no obstacle to the flow of fluid like the valve body collar part in the conventional three-way valve, The fluid heading to the valve port flows into the gap between the valve body and the valve port without changing the flow direction. Therefore, even when the straight portion of the valve body is disposed on the annular surface of the valve port and the opening area of the valve port is set small, the fluid is smoothly introduced into the valve port. Therefore, the flow rate of the fluid does not rapidly decrease as in the conventional three-way valve. Moreover, since the opening area of the valve port is set to a certain minimum area by the straight portion of the valve body, the flow rate of the fluid passing through the valve port can be maintained at a constant small flow rate. Therefore, the target high distribution ratio can be stably obtained by reducing the opening area of the valve port.

また、弁体のストレート部と弁口の環状面とは接触しないので、弁口を介した上下流間での流体の圧力差により弁体が弁口に食い付くこともない。従って、弁口内に入り込んだ状態の弁体を弁口内から離間する側へ容易に移動させることができ、シャフトを駆動するモータの負荷を低減するこができる。よって、モータの長寿命化を図ることができる。   Further, since the straight portion of the valve body and the annular surface of the valve port do not contact, the valve body does not bite into the valve port due to the pressure difference of the fluid between the upstream and downstream via the valve port. Therefore, the valve element that has entered the valve opening can be easily moved away from the valve opening, and the load on the motor that drives the shaft can be reduced. Therefore, the life of the motor can be extended.

上記ストレート部には、軸線方向に全長にわたって凹溝状のスリットが形成されていることが望ましい。
これにより、弁体のストレート部と弁口の環状面との間に流れ込む流体をスリットを通して円滑に流すことができる。従って、弁口の開口面積を小さく設定しても弁口を流れる流体の流量の急激な低下をより確実に防止することができ、しかも、弁体のストレート部によって開口面積が一定の最小面積に設定された弁口を流れる流体の流量をより確実に一定の小流量に保持することができる。また、弁口の開口面積を小さくしてもスリットを通して異物を下流側へ流すことができ、弁口での異物詰まりを防止することができる。 It is desirable that the straight portion is formed with a groove-like slit over the entire length in the axial direction.
Thereby, the fluid which flows in between the straight part of a valve body and the annular surface of a valve opening can be smoothly flowed through a slit. Therefore, even if the opening area of the valve port is set to be small, it is possible to more reliably prevent a sudden decrease in the flow rate of the fluid flowing through the valve port, and the opening area can be kept to a certain minimum area by the straight portion of the valve body. The flow rate of the fluid flowing through the set valve opening can be more reliably maintained at a constant small flow rate. Moreover, even if the opening area of the valve port is reduced, foreign matter can flow downstream through the slit, and foreign matter clogging at the valve port can be prevented.

以上のように、本発明に係る三方弁によれば、弁口の開口面積を小さくしても流量が急激に低下することがなく、従って、シャフトのストロークによって弁体の弁位置を設定することにより目標とする高分配比に設定することができる。   As described above, according to the three-way valve according to the present invention, even if the opening area of the valve port is reduced, the flow rate does not drop rapidly, and therefore the valve position of the valve body is set by the stroke of the shaft. Thus, the target high distribution ratio can be set.

実施形態の分流弁（三方弁）を組み込んだ給湯器の構成を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the water heater incorporating the diversion valve (three-way valve) of embodiment. 実施形態の分流弁（三方弁）の構成を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the shunt valve (three-way valve) of embodiment. 弁体の外観構成を示す説明図であり、同図（Ａ）は第１弁体の外観構成を示す説明図である、同図（Ｂ）は第２弁体の外観構成を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the external appearance structure of a valve body, The figure (A) is explanatory drawing which shows the external appearance structure of a 1st valve body, The figure (B) is explanatory drawing which shows the external appearance structure of a 2nd valve body. is there. 実施形態の分流弁（三方弁）の分配比について従来例の分流弁と対比したグラフである。It is the graph which contrasted with the shunt valve of the prior art about the distribution ratio of the shunt valve (three-way valve) of embodiment. 従来の分流弁（三方弁）の構成を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the conventional shunt valve (three-way valve).

以下に、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照しながら説明する。
なお、本実施形態は、三方弁を給湯機器における分流弁として利用する場合を説明する。図１に示すように、実施形態の分流弁１は、温水機器としての給湯器Ａの給水元管Ｌ１において、熱交換器Ｈへ通じる給水管Ｌ２と、出湯管Ｌ４へ合流するバイパス管Ｌ３との分岐部分に組み込まれて、給水元管Ｌ１から供給される水を熱交換器Ｈ側とバイパス管Ｌ３側とに流す分配比を設定して出湯管Ｌ４の末端での出湯温度の温調に利用される。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
In addition, this embodiment demonstrates the case where a three-way valve is utilized as a diversion valve in a hot water supply apparatus. As shown in FIG. 1, in the water supply main pipe L1 of the water heater A as the hot water device, the diversion valve 1 of the embodiment includes a water supply pipe L2 that leads to the heat exchanger H, and a bypass pipe L3 that joins the hot water pipe L4. The distribution ratio is set so that the water supplied from the water supply source pipe L1 flows to the heat exchanger H side and the bypass pipe L3 side to adjust the temperature of the tapping temperature at the end of the tapping pipe L4. Used.

図２に示すように、分流弁１は、第１ポート１１、第２ポート１２及び第３ポート１３を開設するケーシング２１と、ケーシング２１に組み込まれたインナー部材２２に支持される第１弁体３Ａ及び第２弁体３Ｂとを有する。なお、本実施形態の分流弁１では、第３ポート１３は入力ポートとなり給水元管Ｌ１が接続され、第１ポート１１及び第２ポート１２は出力ポートとなり、第１ポート１１には熱交換器Ｈに給水する給水管Ｌ２が接続され、第２ポート１２には出湯管Ｌ４と合流されるバイパス管Ｌ３が接続される。   As shown in FIG. 2, the flow dividing valve 1 includes a casing 21 that opens the first port 11, the second port 12, and the third port 13, and a first valve body that is supported by an inner member 22 incorporated in the casing 21. 3A and the 2nd valve body 3B. In the diversion valve 1 according to the present embodiment, the third port 13 serves as an input port and is connected to the water supply main pipe L1, the first port 11 and the second port 12 serve as output ports, and the first port 11 includes a heat exchanger. A water supply pipe L2 for supplying water to H is connected, and a bypass pipe L3 joined to the outlet hot water pipe L4 is connected to the second port 12.

ケーシング２１内には、直線流路１４と、直線流路１４の両側に直交して連通する第１流路１５及び第２流路１６と、直線流路１４の中間に直交して連通する第３流路１７とが形成されている。第１流路１５と第２流路１６は、ケーシング２１の一方の側面に開設する第１ポート１１と第２ポート１２とにそれぞれ連通され、第３流路１７は、ケーシング２１の他方の側面に開設する第３ポート１３に連通される。直線流路１４において、第１流路１５側には第１弁体３Ａが接近又は離間する第１弁口５Ａが設けられ、第２流路１６側には第１弁口５Ａと対向して第２弁体３Ｂが接近又は離間する第２弁口５Ｂが設けられている。第１弁口５Ａは、インナー部材２２の端部壁を円筒状に貫通して形成され、その内周面が全長にわたって同径となった円筒状の環状面５１として構成される。第２弁口５Ｂは、ケーシング２１の内壁を円筒状に成形して形成され、その内周面が全長にわたって同径となった円筒状の環状面５１として構成される。なお、第１弁口５Ａ及び第２弁口５Ｂは、同じ口径に形成されている。   In the casing 21, a straight flow path 14, a first flow path 15 and a second flow path 16 that are orthogonally connected to both sides of the straight flow path 14, and a first flow path that is orthogonal to the middle of the straight flow path 14. Three flow paths 17 are formed. The first flow path 15 and the second flow path 16 are respectively communicated with the first port 11 and the second port 12 established on one side surface of the casing 21, and the third flow path 17 is the other side surface of the casing 21. To the third port 13 established at In the straight flow path 14, the first flow path 15 side is provided with a first valve port 5A on which the first valve body 3A approaches or separates, and the second flow path 16 side faces the first valve port 5A. A second valve port 5B through which the second valve body 3B approaches or separates is provided. The first valve port 5 </ b> A is formed as a cylindrical annular surface 51 that is formed so as to penetrate the end wall of the inner member 22 in a cylindrical shape and whose inner peripheral surface has the same diameter over the entire length. The second valve port 5B is formed by forming the inner wall of the casing 21 into a cylindrical shape, and is configured as a cylindrical annular surface 51 whose inner peripheral surface has the same diameter over the entire length. The first valve port 5A and the second valve port 5B are formed with the same diameter.

また、直線流路１４内には、図示しないモータの駆動によって軸方向（直線流路１４の平行方向）に移動可能なシャフト４が挿入され、シャフト４の先端側に第１弁体３Ａと第２弁体３Ｂが取り付けられて直線流路１４内に配設されている。シャフト４は、基端側がインナー部材２２の軸受部２３に軸支され、この軸支された部分より後側にモータの駆動力が伝えられる駆動部材２４が嵌め込まれている。駆動部材２４は、一端側がインナー部材２２の突設した筒部２５内に配設され、この駆動部材２４の一端側の外周面には雄ネジ部２４ａが設けられて筒部２５の内面に設けた雌ネジ部２５ａと螺合されている。従って、モータの駆動力が駆動部材２４の他端側から伝えられて駆動部材２４が回動されると、雄ネジ部２４ａと雌ネジ部２５ａの噛み合いによりシャフト４が軸方向に移動される。そして、このシャフト４をモータ駆動により軸方向に移動させると、第１弁体３Ａが第１弁口５Ａに接近又は離間して第１弁口５Ａの開口面積が調整され、同時に第２弁体３Ｂが第２弁口５Ｂに接近又は離間して第２弁口５Ｂの開口面積が調整される。従って、この分流弁１では、シャフト４のストローク量を設定することにより、第３ポート１３から流入された水を、第１ポート１１と第２ポート１２とから各々流出させる水の流量が調整されて第１ポート１１と第２ポート１２とにおける分配比が設定される。   A shaft 4 that is movable in the axial direction (parallel direction of the straight flow path 14) is inserted into the straight flow path 14 by driving a motor (not shown), and the first valve body 3A and the first valve body 3A are connected to the front end side of the shaft 4. A two-valve body 3B is attached and disposed in the straight flow path 14. The shaft 4 is pivotally supported by the bearing portion 23 of the inner member 22 on the base end side, and a driving member 24 that transmits the driving force of the motor is fitted to the rear side of the shaft-supported portion. One end of the drive member 24 is disposed in a cylindrical portion 25 projecting from the inner member 22, and a male screw portion 24 a is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the one end side of the drive member 24 and provided on the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 25. Screwed with the female thread portion 25a. Accordingly, when the driving force of the motor is transmitted from the other end side of the driving member 24 and the driving member 24 is rotated, the shaft 4 is moved in the axial direction by the meshing of the male screw portion 24a and the female screw portion 25a. When the shaft 4 is moved in the axial direction by driving the motor, the first valve body 3A approaches or separates from the first valve port 5A to adjust the opening area of the first valve port 5A, and at the same time the second valve body. 3B approaches or separates from the second valve port 5B, and the opening area of the second valve port 5B is adjusted. Therefore, in this diversion valve 1, by setting the stroke amount of the shaft 4, the flow rate of water that causes the water flowing in from the third port 13 to flow out from the first port 11 and the second port 12 is adjusted. Thus, the distribution ratio between the first port 11 and the second port 12 is set.

図３を参照して、第１弁体３Ａ（図３（Ａ））と第２弁体３Ｂ（図３（Ｂ））は、シャフト４に挿通する内筒部３４が設けられ、各々の内筒部３４の端部には互いを突き合せて嵌り合う嵌合部３４ａが形成されている。シャフト４の先端側は、小径部４１となっており、この小径部４１に第１弁体３Ａと第２弁体３Ｂが取り付けられる。そして、第１弁体３Ａと第２弁体３Ｂは、シャフト４の先端側の小径部４１に挿通させてプッシュナット４３を圧接させることにより、シャフト４における小径部４１の境の段差部４２とプッシュナット４３とにより軸方向への移動が阻止されてシャフト４に固定される。なお、第１弁体３Ａには、先端部から軸方向に延びるボス部３５が形成されている。ボス部３５は、軸方向の切欠きが４箇所に設けられて４分割されている。このボス部３５は、シャフト４を一定以上に引き移動させるとインナー部材２２の端面に当接して第１弁体３Ａ及び第２弁体３Ｂの移動を阻止するストッパーとなる。   Referring to FIG. 3, the first valve body 3 </ b> A (FIG. 3A) and the second valve body 3 </ b> B (FIG. 3B) are provided with an inner cylinder portion 34 inserted through the shaft 4. A fitting portion 34 a is formed at the end of the cylindrical portion 34 so as to abut each other. The distal end side of the shaft 4 has a small diameter portion 41, and the first valve body 3 </ b> A and the second valve body 3 </ b> B are attached to the small diameter portion 41. The first valve body 3A and the second valve body 3B are inserted into the small-diameter portion 41 on the distal end side of the shaft 4 and press-contacted with the push nut 43, whereby the step portion 42 at the boundary of the small-diameter portion 41 in the shaft 4 and The push nut 43 is prevented from moving in the axial direction and is fixed to the shaft 4. The first valve body 3A is formed with a boss portion 35 extending in the axial direction from the tip portion. The boss portion 35 is divided into four with four notches in the axial direction. The boss portion 35 serves as a stopper that prevents the movement of the first valve body 3 </ b> A and the second valve body 3 </ b> B by coming into contact with the end surface of the inner member 22 when the shaft 4 is pulled to a certain level or more.

そして、第１弁体３Ａと第２弁体３Ｂは、先側部分を第１弁口５Ａ又は第２弁口５Ｂに向かって外径が縮小するテーパ部３１とし、テーパ部３１から連続した後側部分を第１弁口５Ａ又は第２弁口５Ｂの環状面５１に入り込んで開口面積を一定に設定する円柱状のストレート部３２としている。なお、以下の説明において、適宜に、第１弁体３Ａと第２弁体３Ｂを弁体３と称し、また、第１弁口５Ａと第２弁口５Ｂを弁口５と称する。   After the first valve body 3A and the second valve body 3B are continuous from the tapered portion 31, the front side portion is formed as a tapered portion 31 whose outer diameter decreases toward the first valve port 5A or the second valve port 5B. The side portion is a cylindrical straight portion 32 that enters the annular surface 51 of the first valve port 5A or the second valve port 5B and sets the opening area constant. In the following description, the first valve body 3A and the second valve body 3B will be referred to as the valve body 3, and the first valve port 5A and the second valve port 5B will be referred to as the valve port 5 as appropriate.

弁体３のテーパ部３１は、全長にわたって外径が弁口５の口径よりも小径である。従って、弁体３のテーパ部３１は、弁口５内への進入位置に応じて弁口５の開口面積を変化させる。弁体３のストレート部３２は、テーパ部３１の後端の最大径部と同径に形成されており、弁口５の口径よりも小径となっている。従って、弁体３のストレート部３２は、弁口５内に入り込んで環状面５１との間に隙間を有して弁口５の開口面積を一定の最小面積に設定することができる。また、弁体３のストレート部３２には、軸線方向に全長にわたって凹溝状のスリット３３が形成されている。スリット３３は、ストレート部３２の周方向の４箇所に等間隔に形成されており、これらスリット３３は、同形同大であり、各々の空間容積が同一となっている。   The tapered portion 31 of the valve body 3 has an outer diameter smaller than the diameter of the valve port 5 over the entire length. Therefore, the tapered portion 31 of the valve body 3 changes the opening area of the valve port 5 in accordance with the entry position into the valve port 5. The straight portion 32 of the valve body 3 is formed to have the same diameter as the maximum diameter portion at the rear end of the tapered portion 31, and has a smaller diameter than the diameter of the valve port 5. Therefore, the straight portion 32 of the valve body 3 enters the valve port 5 and has a gap between the annular surface 51 and the opening area of the valve port 5 can be set to a certain minimum area. Further, the straight portion 32 of the valve body 3 is formed with a groove 33 having a groove shape over the entire length in the axial direction. The slits 33 are formed at four equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the straight portion 32. The slits 33 have the same shape and the same size, and have the same space volume.

以上の構成より、例えば、図２（Ｂ）に示すように、第１弁体３Ａが第１弁口５Ａへ接近する方向にシャフト４を移動させると、第１弁体３Ａのテーパ部３１が第１弁口５Ａに進入するにつれて第１弁口５Ａの開口面積が小さくなり、同時に第２弁体３Ｂのテーパ部３１が第２弁口５Ｂから脱出するにつれて第２弁口５Ｂの開口面積が大きくなる。すると、第１弁口５Ａを通過して第１ポート１１から流出する流体の流量が第１弁口５Ａの開口面積に比例して減少し、第２弁口５Ｂを通過して第２ポート１２から流出する流体の流量が第２弁口５Ｂの開口面積に比例して増加する。これにより、シャフト４のストローク量によって第１ポート１１と第２ポート１２とにおける分配比が任意に設定される。   With the above configuration, for example, as shown in FIG. 2B, when the shaft 4 is moved in the direction in which the first valve body 3A approaches the first valve port 5A, the taper portion 31 of the first valve body 3A is moved. As the first valve port 5A enters, the opening area of the first valve port 5A decreases, and at the same time, the opening area of the second valve port 5B increases as the tapered portion 31 of the second valve body 3B escapes from the second valve port 5B. growing. Then, the flow rate of the fluid that passes through the first valve port 5A and flows out of the first port 11 decreases in proportion to the opening area of the first valve port 5A, passes through the second valve port 5B, and passes through the second port 12. The flow rate of the fluid flowing out from the valve increases in proportion to the opening area of the second valve port 5B. Thus, the distribution ratio between the first port 11 and the second port 12 is arbitrarily set according to the stroke amount of the shaft 4.

そして更に、シャフト４を移動させ、第１弁体３Ａのストレート部３２が第１弁口５Ａに入り込むと第１弁口５Ａの開口面積は、第１弁体３Ａのストレート部３２と第１弁口５Ａの環状面５１とで規定された最小の開口面積として一定に設定される。また、第２弁口５Ｂ側では、第２弁体３Ｂのテーパ部３１の最小径部４１が第２弁口５Ｂに位置し、第２弁口５Ｂの開口面積は、第２弁体３Ｂのテーパ部３１の最小径部４１と第２弁口５Ｂの環状面５１とで規定された最大の開口面積となる。すると、第１弁口５Ａを通過して第１ポート１１から流出する流体の流量は最小流量となり、第２弁口５Ｂを通過して第２ポート１２から流出する流体の流量は最大流量となる。従って、このときのシャフト４のストローク量によって第１ポート１１と第２ポート１２とにおける分配比は、最も高い高分配比に設定される。なお、上記とは逆に、第２弁体３Ｂが第２弁口５Ｂへ接近する方向にシャフト４を移動させると、上記とは逆の現象となる（図２（Ａ）参照）。   Further, when the shaft 4 is moved and the straight portion 32 of the first valve body 3A enters the first valve port 5A, the opening area of the first valve port 5A is equal to the straight portion 32 of the first valve body 3A and the first valve. The minimum opening area defined by the annular surface 51 of the mouth 5A is set constant. Further, on the second valve port 5B side, the minimum diameter portion 41 of the tapered portion 31 of the second valve body 3B is located at the second valve port 5B, and the opening area of the second valve port 5B is equal to that of the second valve body 3B. The maximum opening area is defined by the minimum diameter portion 41 of the tapered portion 31 and the annular surface 51 of the second valve port 5B. Then, the flow rate of the fluid flowing out of the first port 11 through the first valve port 5A becomes the minimum flow rate, and the flow rate of the fluid flowing through the second valve port 5B and out of the second port 12 becomes the maximum flow rate. . Accordingly, the distribution ratio between the first port 11 and the second port 12 is set to the highest high distribution ratio depending on the stroke amount of the shaft 4 at this time. Contrary to the above, when the shaft 4 is moved in the direction in which the second valve body 3B approaches the second valve port 5B, the reverse phenomenon occurs (see FIG. 2A).

このように、本実施形態の三方弁１は、弁体の後端部の外周面は弁口内に入り込むストレート形状（ストレート部３２）となっているので、従来の三方弁５０１（図５）における弁体鍔部５３０のような流体の流れの障害となるものが存在せず、しかも、弁口５へ向かう流体は、流れの向きを変えることなく弁体３と弁口５との隙間に流れ込む。従って、弁体３のストレート部３２が弁口５の環状面５１に配置されて弁口５の開口面積が小さく設定された状態でも流体が弁口５内に円滑に導入される。それゆえ、従来の三方弁５０１のように流体の流量が急激に低下するということもない。しかも、弁体３のストレート部３２によって弁口５の開口面積が一定に設定されるので、弁口５を通過する流体の流量を一定の小流量に保持することができる。さらに、ストレート部３２には、軸線方向に全長にわたって凹溝状のスリット３３が形成されているので、弁体３のストレート部３２と弁口５の環状面５１との間に流れ込む流体をスリット３３を通して円滑に流すことができる。従って、弁口５の開口面積を小さく設定しても弁口５を流れる流体の流量の急激な低下をより確実に防止することができ、しかも、弁体３のストレート部３２によって開口面積が一定の最小面積に設定された弁口５を流れる流体の流量をより確実に一定の小流量に保持することができる。また、スリット３３を通して異物を下流側へ流すことができ、弁口５の開口面積を小さくしても弁口５での異物詰まりを防止することができる。よって、一方の弁口５の開口面積を小さくすることにより、目標とする高分配比の状態を安定して得ることができる。   As described above, the three-way valve 1 of the present embodiment has a straight shape (straight portion 32) in which the outer peripheral surface of the rear end portion of the valve body enters the valve port, and thus in the conventional three-way valve 501 (FIG. 5). There is no obstacle to the fluid flow like the valve body flange 530, and the fluid directed to the valve port 5 flows into the gap between the valve body 3 and the valve port 5 without changing the flow direction. . Therefore, even when the straight portion 32 of the valve body 3 is disposed on the annular surface 51 of the valve port 5 and the opening area of the valve port 5 is set small, the fluid is smoothly introduced into the valve port 5. Therefore, unlike the conventional three-way valve 501, the flow rate of the fluid does not rapidly decrease. Moreover, since the opening area of the valve port 5 is set constant by the straight portion 32 of the valve body 3, the flow rate of the fluid passing through the valve port 5 can be maintained at a constant small flow rate. Further, since the groove 32 is formed in the straight portion 32 along the entire length in the axial direction, the fluid flowing between the straight portion 32 of the valve body 3 and the annular surface 51 of the valve port 5 is slit 33. It can flow smoothly through. Therefore, even if the opening area of the valve port 5 is set to be small, a rapid decrease in the flow rate of the fluid flowing through the valve port 5 can be more reliably prevented, and the opening area is constant by the straight portion 32 of the valve body 3. Thus, the flow rate of the fluid flowing through the valve port 5 set to the minimum area can be more reliably maintained at a constant small flow rate. In addition, foreign matter can flow downstream through the slit 33, and clogging of foreign matter at the valve port 5 can be prevented even if the opening area of the valve port 5 is reduced. Therefore, by reducing the opening area of one valve port 5, a target high distribution ratio can be stably obtained.

また、弁体３のストレート部３２と弁口５の環状面５１とは接触しないので、弁口５を介した上下流間での流体の圧力差により弁体が弁口５に食い付くこともない。従って、弁口５内に入り込んだ状態の弁体を弁口５内から脱出する側へ容易に移動させることができ、シャフト４を駆動するモータの負荷を低減することができる。よって、モータの長寿命化を図ることができる。   Further, since the straight portion 32 of the valve body 3 and the annular surface 51 of the valve port 5 are not in contact with each other, the valve body may bite into the valve port 5 due to a fluid pressure difference between the upstream and downstream via the valve port 5. Absent. Therefore, the valve element that has entered the valve port 5 can be easily moved to the side where it escapes from the valve port 5, and the load on the motor that drives the shaft 4 can be reduced. Therefore, the life of the motor can be extended.

このように、本実施形態の分流弁１によれば、弁口５の開口面積を小さくしても流量が急激に低下することがなく、従って、シャフト４のストロークによって弁体３の弁位置を設定することにより目標とする高分配比に設定することができる。例え、第３ポート１３から入水される全体水量が少なくなっても開口面積が小さくなる方の弁口５側での流量の急激な低下は発生しないので、目標とする高分配比に設定することができる。その結果、給湯器Ａの分流弁１として利用する場合、熱交換器Ｈ側への給水量を小流量とし熱交換器Ｈを高温に維持してドレン発生を防止しながら出湯管Ｌ４の端末から出湯する湯を低温に設定することができ、また、バイパス管Ｌ３側への給水量を小流量とすれば出湯管Ｌ４の端末から出湯する湯を高温に設定することができる。よって、本分流弁１により給湯器Ａとしては出湯管Ｌ４の端末から出湯する湯の温調幅を広くして使用することができる。   Thus, according to the flow dividing valve 1 of the present embodiment, even if the opening area of the valve port 5 is reduced, the flow rate does not drop sharply. Therefore, the valve position of the valve body 3 is adjusted by the stroke of the shaft 4. By setting, the target high distribution ratio can be set. For example, even if the total amount of water entering from the third port 13 decreases, the flow rate on the side of the valve port 5 where the opening area becomes smaller does not decrease rapidly, so set the target high distribution ratio. Can do. As a result, when used as the diversion valve 1 of the water heater A, the amount of water supplied to the heat exchanger H side is set to a small flow rate, and the heat exchanger H is kept at a high temperature from the end of the tapping pipe L4 while preventing drain generation. The hot water discharged can be set to a low temperature, and the hot water discharged from the terminal of the hot water discharge pipe L4 can be set to a high temperature if the amount of water supplied to the bypass pipe L3 is a small flow rate. Therefore, the main diverter valve 1 can be used as the water heater A with a wide temperature control range of hot water discharged from the terminal of the hot water discharge pipe L4.

因みに、実施形態の三方弁１の特性について、従来例の三方弁１（図５）と対比すると、以下のとおりである。
図４に示すように、分配比について、従来例の三方弁１では、シャフト４のストローク量を大きくしていくと比例的に分配比が高くなるが、ストローク量が一定以上に大きくなると分配比が一挙に高くなった。すなわち、概ね分配比３．３までしか設定できず、これを超えて第１、第２の各ポート５１１，５１２に流体を分流できなかった。これは、第１ポート５１１と第２ポート５１２での流量において、シャフト５０４のストローク量が一定以上に大きくなると、弁口５０５の開口面積が大きくなる方ではほとんど流量が増えず横ばい状態となり、弁口５０５の開口面積が小さくなる方では流量が急激に低下していたからである。そのため、従来例の三方弁５０１では、シャフト５０４のストローク量によって高い分配比（例えば、分配比３．３を超える高分配比）に設定することができなかった。 Incidentally, the characteristics of the three-way valve 1 of the embodiment are as follows when compared with the conventional three-way valve 1 (FIG. 5).
As shown in FIG. 4, with respect to the distribution ratio, in the conventional three-way valve 1, the distribution ratio increases proportionally as the stroke amount of the shaft 4 increases, but when the stroke amount increases beyond a certain level, the distribution ratio increases. Became high all at once. In other words, the distribution ratio can only be set to about 3.3, and beyond this, the fluid cannot be divided into the first and second ports 511 and 512. This is because when the stroke amount of the shaft 504 increases to a certain level or more at the flow rate at the first port 511 and the second port 512, the flow rate hardly increases when the opening area of the valve port 505 increases, This is because the flow rate is drastically reduced in the direction where the opening area of the mouth 505 becomes smaller. Therefore, the conventional three-way valve 501 cannot be set to a high distribution ratio (for example, a high distribution ratio exceeding the distribution ratio 3.3) depending on the stroke amount of the shaft 504.

これに対して、実施形態の三方弁１では、シャフト４のストローク量を大きくしていくと比例的に分配比が高くなり、ストローク量が一定以上に大きくなっても分配比の高い状態が維持されていた。すなわち、概ね分配比４．４まで設定することができた。これは、第１ポート１１と第２ポート１２での流量において、シャフト４のストローク量が一定以上に大きくなると、弁口５の開口面積が大きくなる方では従来例の三方弁５０１と同様に流量がほとんど増えず横ばい状態となるものの、弁口５の開口面積が小さくなる方では従来例の三方弁５０１とは異なりほぼ一定の小流量に維持されていたからである。このことは、上述のとおり、弁体３は弁口５の環状面５１に入り込む形状としてストレート部３２を備えることによる。従って、実施形態の三方弁１によれば、シャフト４のストローク量によって高い分配比（例えば、分配比４．４）に設定することができた。   On the other hand, in the three-way valve 1 of the embodiment, the distribution ratio increases proportionally as the stroke amount of the shaft 4 is increased, and the high distribution ratio is maintained even when the stroke amount increases beyond a certain level. It had been. That is, it was possible to set the distribution ratio to about 4.4. This is because, in the flow rate at the first port 11 and the second port 12, when the stroke amount of the shaft 4 becomes larger than a certain level, the flow rate is the same as the three-way valve 501 of the conventional example when the opening area of the valve port 5 increases. However, unlike the three-way valve 501 of the conventional example, the flow rate is maintained at a substantially constant small flow rate when the opening area of the valve port 5 is small. This is because the valve body 3 includes the straight portion 32 as a shape that enters the annular surface 51 of the valve port 5 as described above. Therefore, according to the three-way valve 1 of the embodiment, a high distribution ratio (for example, distribution ratio 4.4) can be set according to the stroke amount of the shaft 4.

なお、本発明は、上記実施形態のみに限定されず、本発明の要旨の範囲内で適宜に変更することができる。
例えば、実施形態では、第１弁体３Ａと第２弁体３Ｂとの互いのテーパ部３１及びストレート部３２は同形同大に設定されているが、第１弁体３Ａと第２弁体３Ｂとの各々において、テーパ部３１のテーパ角度、テーパ部３１の軸方向長さ、ストレート部３２の外径や軸方向の長さなどを任意に設定して所望の分配比となるようにしてもよい。
また、本発明の三方弁１は、分流弁１のみならず、第１ポート１１と第２ポート１２を入力ポートとし、第３ポート１３を出力ポートとする混合弁として利用することができる。 In addition, this invention is not limited only to the said embodiment, In the range of the summary of this invention, it can change suitably.
For example, in the embodiment, the taper portion 31 and the straight portion 32 of the first valve body 3A and the second valve body 3B are set to the same shape and the same size, but the first valve body 3A and the second valve body 3B, the taper angle of the taper portion 31, the axial length of the taper portion 31, the outer diameter of the straight portion 32, the length in the axial direction, etc. are arbitrarily set so as to obtain a desired distribution ratio. Also good.
The three-way valve 1 of the present invention can be used not only as the diversion valve 1 but also as a mixing valve having the first port 11 and the second port 12 as input ports and the third port 13 as an output port.

１ 分流弁（三方弁）
３Ａ 第１弁体
３Ｂ 第２弁体
４ シャフト
５Ａ 第１弁口
５Ｂ 第２弁口
１１ 第１ポート
１２ 第２ポート
１３ 第３ポート
１４ 直線流路
２１ ケーシング
３１ テーパ部
３２ ストレート部
３３ スリット
５１ 環状面
1 Split valve (3-way valve)
3A 1st valve body 3B 2nd valve body 4 Shaft 5A 1st valve port 5B 2nd valve port 11 1st port 12 2nd port 13 3rd port 14 Straight flow path 21 Casing 31 Tapered part 32 Straight part 33 Slit 51 Annular surface

Claims (2)

第１ポートと第２ポートとを両側に連通するとともに第３ポートを中間に連通する直線流路が形成され、直線流路の第１ポート側及び第２ポート側には第１弁口及び第２弁口が形成され、モータ駆動により直線流路の平行方向に移動可能なシャフトに取り付けられて第１弁口及び第２弁口に接近又は離間して開口面積を調整する第１弁体及び第２弁体が配設されている三方弁であって、
第１弁口と第２弁口は、その構成壁内周面が円筒状の環状面とし、
第１弁体と第２弁体は、先側部分を第１弁口又は第２弁口に向かって外径が縮小するテーパ部と、テーパ部から連続した後側部分を第１弁口又は第２弁口における環状面内に入り込ませる円柱状のストレート部とを備え、
第１弁体又は第２弁体は、テーパ部の後側部分がストレート部の径以下に形成されてストレート部が環状面との間に隙間を有して弁口の開口面積を一定の最小面積に設定して弁口を塞がない構成とした三方弁。 A straight flow path is formed which communicates the first port and the second port on both sides and communicates the third port in the middle. The first port side and the second port side of the straight flow path are provided with the first valve port and the second port. A first valve body that is formed with two valve ports and is attached to a shaft that is movable in the parallel direction of the linear flow path by driving a motor, and that adjusts an opening area by approaching or separating from the first valve port and the second valve port; A three-way valve provided with a second valve body,
The first valve port and the second valve port have a cylindrical annular surface whose inner wall surface is a cylindrical shape,
The first valve body and the second valve body have a tapered portion whose outer diameter decreases toward the first valve port or the second valve port at the front side portion, and the first valve port or the rear side portion continuous from the tapered portion. and a write Maseru cylindrical straight portion enters the annular surface of the second valve port,
In the first valve body or the second valve body, the rear portion of the tapered portion is formed to have a diameter equal to or smaller than the diameter of the straight portion, and the straight portion has a gap between the annular surface and the opening area of the valve port is a certain minimum A three-way valve that is set to an area and does not block the valve opening . 請求項１に係る三方弁において、
上記ストレート部には、軸線方向に全長にわたって凹溝状のスリットが形成されている三方弁。
In the three-way valve according to claim 1,
A three-way valve in which a concave groove-like slit is formed in the straight portion over the entire length in the axial direction.
JP2012206591A 2012-09-20 2012-09-20 Three-way valve Active JP5712180B2 (en)

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