JP5667306B2 - 液晶表示装置及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
液晶表示装置及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5667306B2 JP5667306B2 JP2013536134A JP2013536134A JP5667306B2 JP 5667306 B2 JP5667306 B2 JP 5667306B2 JP 2013536134 A JP2013536134 A JP 2013536134A JP 2013536134 A JP2013536134 A JP 2013536134A JP 5667306 B2 JP5667306 B2 JP 5667306B2
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- liquid crystal
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- monomer
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 58
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- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
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- GUCYFKSBFREPBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [phenyl-(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphoryl]-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)methanone Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(=O)P(=O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)C1=C(C)C=C(C)C=C1C GUCYFKSBFREPBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/13378—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation
- G02F1/133788—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation by light irradiation, e.g. linearly polarised light photo-polymerisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/12—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/133703—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by introducing organic surfactant additives into the liquid crystal material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/133711—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by organic films, e.g. polymeric films
- G02F1/133719—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by organic films, e.g. polymeric films with coupling agent molecules, e.g. silane
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K2019/0444—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit characterized by a linking chain between rings or ring systems, a bridging chain between extensive mesogenic moieties or an end chain group
- C09K2019/0448—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit characterized by a linking chain between rings or ring systems, a bridging chain between extensive mesogenic moieties or an end chain group the end chain group being a polymerizable end group, e.g. -Sp-P or acrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/12—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls
- C09K2019/121—Compounds containing phenylene-1,4-diyl (-Ph-)
- C09K2019/122—Ph-Ph
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/02—Alignment layer characterised by chemical composition
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
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- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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- G02F1/133711—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by organic films, e.g. polymeric films
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- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/133742—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers for homeotropic alignment
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Description
以下、本発明の第1の液晶表示装置について詳述する。
P1−A1−P1 (2)
化学式(2)中、P1は、それぞれ独立に、アクリレート基、メタクリレート基、エタクリレート基、ビニル基、又は、アリル基を表す。A1は、フェナントリレン基を表す。なお、A1が有する水素原子は、それぞれ独立に、ハロゲン原子、メチル基、エチル基、又は、プロピル基に置換されていてもよい。フェナントレン骨格を有するモノマーは、長波長(340nm以上)の光を吸収するため、好適である。
図1及び図2は、実施形態1に係る液晶表示装置の断面模式図である。図1は光照射工程(重合)前を示し、図2は光照射工程(重合)後を示す。図1及び図2に示すように実施形態1に係る液晶表示装置は、アレイ基板1と、カラーフィルタ基板2と、アレイ基板1及びカラーフィルタ基板2からなる一対の基板間に狭持された液晶層5とを備える。アレイ基板1は、ガラス等を材料とする絶縁性の透明基板と、透明基板上に形成された各種配線、画素電極、TFT(Thin Film Transistor:薄膜トランジスタ)等とを備える。カラーフィルタ基板2は、ガラス等を材料とする絶縁性の透明基板と、透明基板上に形成されたカラーフィルタ、ブラックマトリクス、共通電極等とを備える。
図4及び図5は、実施形態2に係る液晶表示装置の断面模式図である。図4は光照射工程(重合)前を示し、図5は光照射工程(重合)後を示す。実施形態1においては、液晶層5中には、単官能モノマー11と多官能モノマー12とが含まれており、液晶層5に光を照射することで配向制御層7を形成したが、実施形態2においては、重合前の液晶層5中に、すなわち、液晶組成物中に、単官能モノマー11、多官能モノマー12、及び、化合物13が含まれる。化合物13は、自己開裂反応でラジカルを生成する化合物(重合基付き重合開始剤)である。実施形態2においては、図4及び5に示すように、光照射工程において、液晶層5に光を照射することで、単官能モノマー11、多官能モノマー12、及び、化合物13が重合し、配向制御層17を形成する。
以下に、実施形態1に係る液晶表示装置が備える液晶セルを実際に作製した実施例1を示す。まず、一対の基板を用意し、基板を洗浄した後、片側基板にシール材を塗布し、もう一方の基板上に、ビーズを散布後、貼り合わせを行った。続いて、上記一対の基板間に、負の誘電率異方性を有する液晶分子と、単官能モノマーと、多官能モノマー(二官能モノマー)とを含む液晶組成物を注入した。シール材としては、熱により硬化するもの、紫外光の照射により硬化するもの、及び、熱及び紫外光照射のいずれによっても硬化するもののいずれを用いてもよく、実施例1では、熱及び紫外光照射のいずれによっても硬化するシール材を用いた。
比較例1として、上記化学式(9)で表される多官能モノマーである2,7−ジメタクリルオキシフェナントレンに替えて、重合開始剤であるIrgacure651を液晶組成物に対して0.03重量%添加したこと以外は、実施例1と同じ液晶セルを作製した。すなわち、比較例1の液晶セルにおいては、図8に示すように、紫外線照射により、単官能モノマー211(4−アクリロイルオキシブトキシ−4’−オクチルオキシビフェニル)と、重合開始剤213(Irgacure651)とからなる配向制御層207が形成される。比較例1と実施例1のサンプル2との相違点を表4に示す。
以下に、実施形態2に係る液晶表示装置が備える液晶セルを実際に作製した実施例2を示す。液晶組成物中に、上記化学式(8)で表される単官能モノマーである4−アクリロイルオキシブトキシ−4’−オクチルオキシビフェニル、及び、上記化学式(9)で表される多官能モノマーである2,7−ジメタクリルオキシフェナントレンに加えて、更に、下記化学式(10)で表される自己開裂反応でラジカルを生成し、また、ラジカル重合基を有する化合物(重合基付き重合開始剤)を加えて実施例2の液晶セルを作製した。
液晶組成物中に、下記化学式(11)で表される単官能モノマー、及び、上記化学式(9)で表される多官能モノマーである2,7−ジメタクリルオキシフェナントレンを加えて実施例3の液晶セルを作製した。
2、102、202:カラーフィルタ基板
103:シール材
4:モノマー
5、105、205:液晶層
7、17、207:配向制御層(ポリマー層)
10、210:液晶分子
11、211:単官能モノマー
12:多官能モノマー
13:化合物(重合基付き重合開始剤)
106:配向膜
213:重合開始剤
Claims (10)
- 一対の基板と、
液晶分子を含み、前記一対の基板間に挟持された液晶層と、
前記液晶分子を垂直配向させる配向制御層とを備え、
実質的に配向膜を備えず、
前記配向制御層は、前記液晶分子、単官能モノマー、及び、多官能モノマーを含有する液晶組成物を前記一対の基板間に挟持した状態で、前記単官能モノマー、及び、前記多官能モノマーを重合することにより形成され、
前記多官能モノマーは、アニール処理、及び、340nm以上の光の照射によりラジカルを発生し、
前記単官能モノマーは、下記化学式(1)で表されることを特徴とする液晶表示装置。
- 前記多官能モノマーは、下記化学式(2)で表されることを特徴とする請求項1記載の液晶表示装置。
P1−A1−P1 (2)
化学式(2)中、P1は、それぞれ独立に、アクリレート基、メタクリレート基、エタクリレート基、ビニル基、又は、アリル基を表す。A1は、フェナントリレン基を表す。なお、A1が有する水素原子は、それぞれ独立に、ハロゲン原子、メチル基、エチル基、又は、プロピル基に置換されていてもよい。 - 前記液晶分子は、負の誘電率異方性を有することを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記液晶組成物中において、前記多官能モノマーは、前記単官能モノマーに対して1.5mol%以上、20mol%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記液晶組成物は、光照射によって自己開裂反応でラジカルを生成する化合物を更に含有し、
前記配向制御層は、前記液晶組成物中の前記単官能モノマー、前記多官能モノマー、及び、前記化合物を重合することにより形成されることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。 - 前記液晶組成物中において、前記多官能モノマーは、前記単官能モノマーに対して1.5mol%以上、20mol%未満であり、
前記多官能モノマー及び前記化合物の合計が、前記単官能モノマーに対して20mol%以下であることを特徴とする請求項5記載の液晶表示装置。 - 前記液晶組成物中において、前記多官能モノマーのモル濃度は、前記化合物のモル濃度よりも高いことを特徴とする請求項5又は6記載の液晶表示装置。
- 一対の基板間に挟持された液晶組成物に340nm以上の光を照射して、前記液晶組成物中に含まれる単官能モノマーと340nm以上の光の照射によりラジカルを発生する多官能モノマーとを重合させる光照射工程を有することを特徴とする液晶表示装置の製造方法。
- 前記液晶組成物は、光照射によって自己開裂反応でラジカルを生成する化合物を更に含み、
前記光照射工程において、前記単官能モノマー、前記多官能モノマー、及び、前記化合物を重合させることを特徴とする請求項8記載の液晶表示装置の製造方法。 - 前記液晶組成物は、ネマチック相及び等方性液体相を呈することが可能であり、前記光照射工程において、前記液晶組成物のネマチック相から等方性液体相への相転移温度よりも30℃低い温度以上の温度に加熱されることを特徴とする請求項8又は9記載の液晶表示装置の製造方法。
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