JP5623070B2 - 担持触媒 - Google Patents
担持触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5623070B2 JP5623070B2 JP2009290000A JP2009290000A JP5623070B2 JP 5623070 B2 JP5623070 B2 JP 5623070B2 JP 2009290000 A JP2009290000 A JP 2009290000A JP 2009290000 A JP2009290000 A JP 2009290000A JP 5623070 B2 JP5623070 B2 JP 5623070B2
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- supported catalyst
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- intermetallic compound
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 34
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 27
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 21
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 11
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 5
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QLUMLEDLZDMGDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;1h-naphthalen-1-ide Chemical compound [Na+].[C-]1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 QLUMLEDLZDMGDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910016523 CuKa Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011086 high cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001144 powder X-ray diffraction data Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/42—Platinum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/02—Solids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/16—Reducing
Description
αxβy …(化学式1)
(α:標準電極電位(V)が<0である金属元素、β:標準電極電位(V)が>0である金属元素。なお、水素(H)の標準電極電位は零とする。x+y=100:モル比、19≦y≦25)。
NaC10H8 …(化学式2)。
合成操作は、すべて常温・常圧の不活性ガス雰囲気下(酸素・水分濃度<5ppm)で行った。
粉末X線回折(pXRD)、ICP分析、透過電子顕微鏡および透過電子顕微鏡付属のエネルギー分散型X線分析(EDS)によって、試料Aの同定を行った。
図1に、試料AのpXRD測定結果(CuKa線を使用)を示す。SiO2(111)反射に該当する2q〜21°のピークの他に回折線を認めることはできない。試料Aの主相は、結晶性の低いSiO2である。
0.05gの粉末試料を酸溶解し、500mlに定容後、ICP分析法による化学組成評価を行った。試料Aは、Pt、TiおよびSiを、重量比Pt:Ti:Si=1:1:100で含有することが分かった。pXRDの結果と併せて、試料Aは、0.5重量%のPt、およびTiを含有したSiO2であると結論される。
試料Aをメタノール溶媒に超音波分散して懸濁溶液を得た。懸濁溶液に透過電子顕微鏡用グリッド(コロジオン膜附き銅(Cu)グリッド)を浸潤・乾燥し、透過電子顕微鏡用試料を得た。図2−1に、透過電子顕微鏡像(Bright field像)を示す。コントラストの低い直径10〜100nm程度の球状物質と共に、直径2〜3nmの黒色粒子が観察される。図2−2は、図2−1と同じ視野をAnnular dark field(ADF)モードで観察した画像である。図2−1の黒色粒子は、ADFモードにおいては白く明るい輝点として観察されることから、球状物質の構成元素に比べて重い元素を含有している相であることが分かる。
図2−1に示された2種類の相:球状物質と黒色粒子それぞれに電子線を収束させ、発生する特性X線のエネルギーと強度を測定することにより、化学組成を評価した(EDS分析)。図3−1および図3−2に、球状物質および黒色粒子それぞれから得られたEDSプロファイルを示す。球状物質のEDSプロファイルには、グリッド由来のCu以外にSi由来の信号のみが認められる。
CO清浄化反応に対するPt3Ti/SiO2の触媒活性を測定した。垂直に配置した長さ400mm、内径φ8mmの石英反応管中央部に、10mmほどの厚みに石英綿を詰めた。石英反応管上部開口部から総量50mgの試料を導入し、石英綿の上面に均一に敷き詰めた。別の石英綿を、石英反応管上部開口部から、試料に接触するまで挿入した。これにより、試料は、厚み約10mmの石英綿で上下から挟み込まれる形になった。石英反応管を管状電気炉炉心に挿入した。石英反応管下部開口部から熱電対を挿入、熱電対先端を試料直下の石英綿に接触させ、試料の温度をモニターした。石英反応管下部開口部をCO・O2(酸素)・He(ヘリウム)混合ガスラインに接続した。石英反応管上部開口部をガスクロマトグラフィのガスインレットポートに接続した。
本発明の担持触媒は、駆動直後のガソリンエンジンから燃料の不完全燃焼に伴って排出されるCOガスの清浄化に有効である。
本発明の担持触媒は、発電所で利用されるガスタービン機関からの排出ガスの清浄化に有効である。
本発明の担持触媒は、水素燃料駆動型の燃料電池において問題とされる燃料中不純物の酸化除去に有効である。
Claims (6)
- 粒子状の酸化物担持体の表面に、当該酸化物担持体と比較して少量の粒子状の触媒活性点が担持された排気ガス清浄用担持触媒であって、前記触媒活性点が、下記化学式1に示す化学組成を有する規則型金属間化合物の粒子であることを特徴とする、排気ガス清浄用担持触媒:
αxβy …(化学式1)
(α:Pt、
β:Pb、Sn、Ni、Fe、Zn、Al、及びTiのいずれか、
x+y=100、かつ
19≦y≦25)。 - 前記βが、Sn、Fe、Zn、及びTiのいずれかである、請求項1に記載の担持触媒。
- 酸化物担持体がシリカ粒子であることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の担持触媒。
- 前記αがPtであり、かつ前記βがTiであることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の担持触媒。
- 粒子状の酸化物担持体の表面に規則型金属間化合物の粒子が担持された担持触媒の製造方法であって、前記規則型金属間化合物が、下記化学式1に示す化学組成を有し、かつ前記規則型金属間化合物の粒子を、水素よりも2.0V以上低い還元電位を持つアルカリ金属のラジカル体を還元剤として用いたプリカーサーの同時還元によって前記粒子状の酸化物担持体表面上に析出させることを特徴とする、担持触媒の製造方法:
α x β y …(化学式1)
(α:標準電極電位(V)が<0である金属元素、β:標準電極電位(V)が>0である金属元素。なお、水素(H)の標準電極電位は零とする。x+y=100:モル比、19≦y≦25)。 - 前記アルカリ金属のラジカル体が、以下の化学式2に示す組成を有することを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の製造方法:
NaC10H8 …(化学式2)。
Priority Applications (1)
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JP2009290000A JP5623070B2 (ja) | 2009-12-22 | 2009-12-22 | 担持触媒 |
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JP2009290000A JP5623070B2 (ja) | 2009-12-22 | 2009-12-22 | 担持触媒 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2011131112A JP2011131112A (ja) | 2011-07-07 |
JP5623070B2 true JP5623070B2 (ja) | 2014-11-12 |
Family
ID=44344438
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JP2009290000A Expired - Fee Related JP5623070B2 (ja) | 2009-12-22 | 2009-12-22 | 担持触媒 |
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JP (1) | JP5623070B2 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8047942B2 (en) | 2006-07-06 | 2011-11-01 | Kubota Corporation | Speed change transmission apparatus |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6199836B2 (ja) * | 2014-08-29 | 2017-09-20 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 排ガス浄化触媒 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001026422A (ja) * | 1999-05-10 | 2001-01-30 | Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd | 金含有複合体の製造方法 |
US7335245B2 (en) * | 2004-04-22 | 2008-02-26 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Metal and alloy nanoparticles and synthesis methods thereof |
JP4490201B2 (ja) * | 2004-08-04 | 2010-06-23 | Dowaホールディングス株式会社 | 凹凸表面をもつ微細な合金粒子粉末およびその製造法 |
JP2007123195A (ja) * | 2005-10-31 | 2007-05-17 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 触媒の製造方法 |
JP2008273807A (ja) * | 2007-05-02 | 2008-11-13 | Shinshu Univ | マイクロ波超高吸収発熱素材による温度制御反応場生成法と機能性ナノ粒子及びナノカーボン素材の合成方法 |
JP5187835B2 (ja) * | 2008-03-19 | 2013-04-24 | 独立行政法人物質・材料研究機構 | 触媒 |
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2009
- 2009-12-22 JP JP2009290000A patent/JP5623070B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US8047942B2 (en) | 2006-07-06 | 2011-11-01 | Kubota Corporation | Speed change transmission apparatus |
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