JP5518854B2 - プラスチック組成物を押し出しするプロセス - Google Patents
プラスチック組成物を押し出しするプロセス Download PDFInfo
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- JP5518854B2 JP5518854B2 JP2011513932A JP2011513932A JP5518854B2 JP 5518854 B2 JP5518854 B2 JP 5518854B2 JP 2011513932 A JP2011513932 A JP 2011513932A JP 2011513932 A JP2011513932 A JP 2011513932A JP 5518854 B2 JP5518854 B2 JP 5518854B2
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- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/27—Cleaning; Purging; Avoiding contamination
- B29C48/2715—Cleaning; Purging; Avoiding contamination of plasticising units
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
- B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
- B29C48/402—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders the screws having intermeshing parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/507—Screws characterised by the material or their manufacturing process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/57—Screws provided with kneading disc-like elements, e.g. with oval-shaped elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/64—Screws with two or more threads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/64—Screws with two or more threads
- B29C48/65—Screws with two or more threads neighbouring threads or channels having different configurations, e.g. one thread being lower than its neighbouring thread
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
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Description
形成スクリュ形状および被形成スクリュ形状が1つの平面内に位置し、
前記形成スクリュ形状の回転軸、および、距離a(中心線距離)にある前記被形成スクリュ形状の回転軸は、それぞれ前記スクリュ形状の平面に垂直であり、前記形成スクリュ形状の回転軸と前記平面との交点は、前記形成スクリュ形状の回転点として設計され、前記被形成スクリュ形状の回転軸と前記平面との交点は、前記被形成スクリュ形状の回転点として設計され、
前記形成スクリュ形状全体の円弧の数nは、4以上であり(n>4)、
前記形成スクリュ形状の外側半径raは、0より大きく(ra>0)、前記中心線距離より小さく(ra<a)、
前記形成スクリュ形状のコア半径は、0より大きく(ri>0)、前記外側半径ra以下であり(ri≦ra)、
前記形成スクリュ形状の前記円弧は、互いに接線方向に接続され、
前記円弧は、閉じたスクリュ形状、即ち、全ての前記円弧jの角度αjの合計が2πに等しく、πは円周率(π≒3.14459)であり、
前記円弧は、凸型のスクリュ形状を形成し、
前記形成スクリュ形状のそれぞれの前記円弧は、前記外側半径raとコアh半径riとを有する円環の中または範囲内に位置し、その中心点が前記形成スクリュ形状の回転点上に位置し、
前記形成スクリュ形状の前記円弧の少なくとも1つは、点PAにおいて前記形成スクリュ形状の前記外側半径raに当接し、
前記形成スクリュ形状の前記円弧の少なくとも1つは、点PIにおいて前記形成スクリュ形状の前記外側半径raに当接し、
前記被形成スクリュ形状の前記円弧の数n’は、前記形成スクリュ形状の前記円弧の数nに等しく、
前記被形成スクリュ形状の外側半径ra’は、前記中心線距離から前記形成スクリュ形状の前記コア半径を引いた差に等しく(ra’=a−ri)、
前記被形成スクリュ形状のコア半径ri’は、前記中心線距離から前記形成スクリュ形状の前記外側半径を引いた差に等しく(ri’=a−ra)、
前記被形成スクリュ形状のj’番目の前記円弧の角度αj’は、前記形成スクリュ形状のj番目の前記円弧の角度αjに等しく、前記jおよび前記j’は、それぞれ1から前記円弧の数nまたはn’までの全ての値を取る整数であり、
前記被形成スクリュ形状のj’番目の半径rj’と前記形成スクリュ形状のj番目の半径rjとの合計は、中心線距離aに等しく、前記jおよび前記j’は、それぞれ1から前記円弧の数nまたはn’までの全ての値を取る整数であり、
前記被形成スクリュ形状のj’番目の前記円弧の中心点は、中心線距離aに等しい前記形成スクリュ形状のj番目の前記円弧の中心点からの距離にあり、前記被形成スクリュ形状のj’番目の前記円弧の中心点は、前記形成スクリュ形状の回転点から前記形成スクリュ形状のj番目の前記円弧の中心点までの距離に等しい、前記被形成スクリュの回転点からの距離にあり、前記被形成スクリュ形状のj’番目の前記円弧の中心点と前記形成スクリュのj番目の前記円弧の中心点との間の接続線は、前記被形成スクリュの回転点と前記形成スクリュの回転点との間の接続線と平行な線であり、前記jおよび前記j’は、それぞれ1から前記円弧の数nまたはn’までの全ての値を取る整数であり、
前記被形成スクリュ形状のj’番目の前記円弧の始点は、前記形成スクリュ形状のj番目の前記円弧の始点が前記形成スクリュのj番目の前記円弧の中心点に対して有する方向と反対向きの、前記被形成スクリュ形状のj’番目の前記円弧の中心点に対する方向に位置し、前記jおよび前記j’は、それぞれ1から前記円弧の数nまたはn’までの全ての値を取る整数である、ことを特徴とする。
− スクリュエレメントの外側半径RAに対応する距離だけスクリュエレメントの回転点Dから離れた位置に点PAを定めるステップ、
− スクリュエレメントの内側半径RIに対応する距離だけスクリュエレメントの回転点Dから離れた位置に点PIを定め、点PIが、点Dを通り、点PAおよびDを通る直線DPAと360°/(2*Z)の角度を形成する直線DPI上に位置するステップ、
− スクリュエレメントの中心線距離Aの半分に対応する距離だけ回転点から離れた位置に、ラジアンで−1/tan(π/(2*Z))の傾斜を有する直線FPを定めるステップ、
− 回転点Dを中心とする半径RAの外側円に対する点PAにおける接線TAと直線FPとの交点を定め、直線FP上に、点PAと同様に交点から離れ、半径RAより小さい距離だけ回転点から離れた位置に点PFPを定めるステップ、
− 点PFPにおける直線FPに対する垂線と直線DPAとの交点に位置する中心点M1を定めるステップ、
− 点PFPにおける直線FPに対する垂線と直線DPIとの交点に位置する中心点M1’を定めるステップ、
− 点Paと点PFAとの間に中心点M1を中心にして円弧1を形成するステップ、
− 点PIと点PFAとの間に中心点M1’を中心にして円弧1’を形成するステップ。
− 残留スチレンおよび場合によりエチルベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン、ブタノンまたは他の溶剤を含むポリスチレン、
− 残留スチレン、残留アクリロニトリルおよび場合によりエチルベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン、ブタノンまたは他の溶剤を含むスチレン共重合体およびアクリロニトリル共重合体、
− ヘキサン、テクニカルヘキサン、プロパン、イソブタン、および、プロピレン、ブテン−1、ヘキセン−1、4−メチルペンテン−1、オクテン−1のような単量体溶剤を含む鎖状低密度ポリエチレンまたは鎖状高密度ポリエチレン、分岐ポリエチレン(懸濁を含むプロセスは、三井化学CXプロセス(ヘキサン)、バゼルのホスタレンプロセス(ヘキサン)、米国シェブロンフィリップス(イソブタン)、ベルギーボレアリスのボルスター(Borstar)プロセス(プロパン)、および、溶剤プロセス中で使用するヘキサンのDSMであり、これに関する詳細は、「多様なポリエチレン製造技術の比較分析」「化学と石油工学(Chem. & Petroleum Eng.)」、44巻、7−8号、2008年に記載されている)、
− クロロベンゼンおよび塩化メチレンの等の溶剤を含むポリカーボネート、
− 単量体、つまり、メタクリル酸メチルを含むポリメチルメタクリル樹脂、である。
− 高分子が最終反応後に粉末形態で得られるポロプロピレン、
− 気相プロセスまたはスラリープロセスからの高密度ポリスチレン、
− 沈殿および選択的に乾燥後のアクリロニトリルブタジエンスチレンのようなエマルジョン高分子、である。
することである。
従来技術による搬送エレメントの幾何学形状は、図17aから17cから推察される。
本発明にしたがって使用される搬送エレメントの幾何学形状は、図18aから18cより推察される。
Claims (15)
- 対になって共回転し、対になって完全に自己払拭し、2以上のスクリュ行路を有するスクリュを備える多軸スクリュエクストルーダ用のスクリュエレメントを使用してプラスチック組成物を押し出しするプロセスであって、
スクリュ形状は、それぞれ、断面全体に亘って常に微分可能な形状曲線により表され、
断面全体に亘る前記スクリュ形状は、4本以上の円弧からなり、前記円弧は、それらの始点および終点において接線方向に互いに接続され
形成スクリュ形状および被形成スクリュ形状は、互いの中心線距離aを有し、
前記形成スクリュ形状の前記円弧の数は、nであり、
前記形成スクリュ形状の外側半径raは、0より大きく(ra>0)、前記中心線距離より小さく(ra<a)、
前記形成スクリュ形状のコア半径riは、0より大きく(ri>0)、前記外側半径ra以下であり(ri≦ra)、
前記形成スクリュ形状の全ての前記円弧は、互いに接線方向に接続され、
前記円弧は、閉じたスクリュ形状、即ち、全ての前記円弧jの角度α j の合計が2πに等しく、πは円周率(π≒3.14459)であり、
前記円弧は、凸型のスクリュ形状を形成し、
前記形成スクリュ形状のそれぞれの前記円弧は、前記外側半径raとコア半径riとを有する円環の中または範囲内に位置し、その中心点が前記形成スクリュ形状の回転点上に位置し、
前記形成スクリュ形状の前記円弧の少なくとも1つは、点P A において前記形成スクリュ形状の前記外側半径raに当接し、
前記形成スクリュ形状の前記円弧の少なくとも1つは、点P I において前記形成スクリュ形状の前記外側半径riに当接し、
前記被形成スクリュ形状の前記円弧の数n’は、前記形成スクリュ形状の前記円弧の数nに等しく、
前記被形成スクリュ形状の外側半径ra’は、前記中心線距離から前記形成スクリュ形状の前記コア半径を引いた差に等しく(ra’=a−ri)、
前記被形成スクリュ形状のコア半径ri’は、前記中心線距離から前記形成スクリュ形状の前記外側半径を引いた差に等しく(ri’=a−ra)、
前記被形成スクリュ形状のj’番目の前記円弧の角度α j ’は、前記形成スクリュ形状のj番目の前記円弧の角度α j に等しく、前記jおよび前記j’は、それぞれ1から前記円弧の数nまたはn’までの全ての値を取る整数であり、
前記被形成スクリュ形状のj’番目の半径r j ’と前記形成スクリュ形状のj番目の半径r j との合計は、前記中心線距離aに等しく、前記jおよび前記j’は、それぞれ1から前記円弧の数nまたはn’までの全ての値を取る整数であり、
前記被形成スクリュ形状のj’番目の前記円弧の中心点は、中心線距離aに等しい前記形成スクリュ形状のj番目の前記円弧の中心点からの距離にあり、前記被形成スクリュ形状のj’番目の前記円弧の中心点は、前記形成スクリュ形状の回転点から前記形成スクリュ形状のj番目の前記円弧の中心点までの距離に等しい、前記被形成スクリュの回転点からの距離にあり、前記被形成スクリュ形状のj’番目の前記円弧の中心点と前記形成スクリュのj番目の前記円弧の中心点との間の接続線は、前記被形成スクリュの回転点と前記形成スクリュの回転点との間の接続線と平行な線であり、前記jおよび前記j’は、それぞれ1から前記円弧の数nまたはn’までの全ての値を取る整数であり、
前記被形成スクリュ形状のj’番目の前記円弧の始点は、前記形成スクリュ形状のj番目の前記円弧の始点が前記形成スクリュのj番目の前記円弧の中心点に対して有する方向と反対向きの、前記被形成スクリュ形状のj’番目の前記円弧の中心点に対する方向に位置し、前記jおよび前記j’は、それぞれ1から前記円弧の数nまたはn’までの全ての値を取る整数である、
ことを特徴とするプロセス。 - 前記スクリュエレメントは、360°/(2*Z)の1区分において点対称であり、前記形状曲線は、少なくとも2つの円弧で構成され、Zは、スクリュ形状の行路の数であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記スクリュエレメントは、360°/(2*Z)の1区分において線対称であり、前記形状曲線は、少なくとも2つの円弧で構成され、Zは、スクリュ形状の行路の数であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のプロセス。
- 前記区分における前記形状曲線は、2つの円弧からなり、点PFPにおいて前記円弧は、常に微分可能に互いに接続され、前記点PFPは前記2つの円弧の接線FP上に位置し、該点PFPおける前記接線FPに対する垂線が2つの前記円弧の中心点を通過することを特徴とする請求項3に記載のプロセス。
- 回転点D、スクリュエレメントの外側半径raを有する回転点周りの円上に位置する点PA、前記スクリュエレメントの内側半径riを有する回転点周りの円上に位置する点PI、点PAおよびDを通る直線DPA、および、点PIおよびDを通る直線DPIを備えるスクリュエレメントは、点Dを原点に、点PAをx軸上に置く直交座標系を使用するとき、前記垂線は、1つの前記円弧の中心において前記直線DPAと交差し、他の前記円弧の中心において前記直線DPIと交差すること、および、前記直線FPは、前記回転点から前記中心線距離の半分に相当する距離にあり、ラジアンで−1/tan(π(2*Z))の傾斜を有することを特徴とする請求項4に記載のプロセス。
- 前記スクリュエレメントは、混合エレメントまたは搬送エレメントとして構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
- 前記スクリュエレメントは、混練エレメントとして構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1から6のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
- 前記スクリュエレメントは、脱気領域または搬送領域において使用されることを特徴とする請求項1から7のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
- スクリュ形状の直径に対して0.1から0.001の範囲のクリアランスが、前記スクリュエレメントとバレルとの間、および/または、隣接するスクリュエレメントの間に存在することを特徴とする請求項1から8のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
- 前記プラスチック組成物は、熱可塑性プラスチックまたはエラストマであることを特徴とする請求項1から9のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
- 使用される熱可塑性プラスチックは、ポリカーボネート、ポリアミド、ポリエステル、特にポリブチレンテレフタレートおよびポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリエーテル、熱可塑性ポリウレタン、ポリアセタール、フッ素重合体、特にフッ化ポリビニリデン、ポリエーテルスルフォン、ポリオレフィン、特にポリエチレンおよびポリプロピレン、ポリイミド、ポリアクリル、特にポリ(メチル)メタアクリル、酸化ポリフェニレン、硫化ポリフェニレン、ポリエーテルケトン、ポリアリールエーテルケトン、スチレンポリマー、特にポリスチレン、スチレン共重合体、特にスチレンアクリロニトリル共重合体、アクリロニトリルブタジエンスチレンブロック共重合体、塩化ポリビニル、または、上記熱可塑性プラスチックの少なくとも2つの混合物であることを特徴とする請求項10に記載のプロセス。
- ポリカーボネートまたはポリカーボネートと他の高分子との混合物が前記熱可塑性プラスチックとして使用されることを特徴とする請求項11に記載のプロセス。
- 前記ポリカーボネートは、相界面プロセスまたはエステル交換プロセスによって製造されたことを特徴とする請求項12に記載のプロセス。
- 使用される前記エラストマは、スチレンブタジエンゴム、天然ゴム、ブタジエンゴム、イソプレンゴム、エチレンプロピレンジエンゴム、エチレンプロピレンゴム、ブタジエンアクリロニトリルゴム、水素化ニトリルゴム、ブチルゴム、ハロゲン化ブチルゴム、クロロプレンゴム、酢酸エチレンビニルゴム、ポリウレタンゴム、熱可塑性ポリウレタン、グッタペルカ、アクリルゴム、フッ化ゴム、シリコンゴム、硫化ゴム、クロロスルホン化ポリエチレンゴム、或いは、上記エラストマの少なくとも2つの組み合わせであることを特徴とする請求項10に記載のプロセス。
- 充填剤または補強材または高分子添加剤または有機色素または無機色素、或いは、それらの混合物が、前記高分子に添加されていることを特徴とする請求項1から14のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
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DE102008029303.2 | 2008-06-20 | ||
DE102008029303A DE102008029303A1 (de) | 2008-06-20 | 2008-06-20 | Schneckenelemente mit verbesserter Dispergierwirkung und geringem Energieeintrag |
PCT/EP2009/004248 WO2009153000A1 (de) | 2008-06-20 | 2009-06-12 | Verfahren zur extrusion plastischer massen |
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JP (2) | JP5518853B2 (ja) |
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