JP5513392B2 - 睡眠時無呼吸を治療するための方法及び装置 - Google Patents
睡眠時無呼吸を治療するための方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、2007年9月26日に出願された米国仮特許出願第60/960,362号に対する優先権を主張するものであり、該特許出願の内容はその全体が引用により本明細書に組み入れられる。本出願には、2004年6月17日に出願された米国非仮特許出願第10/870,849号、及び2004年2月4日に出願された米国非仮特許出願第10/771,803号が引用により組み入れられ、これらの特許出願の内容はその全体が引用により本明細書に組み入れられる。
V 換気装置 VO 換気装置ガス排出部
OA 口腔咽頭気道 UA 上部気道
IQ 吸息流 EQ 呼息流
IP 吸息圧 EP 呼息圧
A 換気流 R 逆行ガス流
t 時間 Q 気道流信号
P 気道内圧信号 I 下側
S 上側 5 換気カテーテル頸部フランジ
7 接続部 8 口腔咽頭閉塞
10 経気管カテーテル 10’ 逆流部を有する経気管カテーテル
10” 正常流及び逆流部を有する経気管カテーテル
11 下方ガス出口ポート 12 小孔
15 上方ガス出口ポート 20 換気ガス送達回路
20’ ガス送達回路 20” ガス送達回路
32 正常気流信号 34 減少気流信号
38 増加呼吸努力信号
40 吸息と同期した換気装置の流れ/体積
42 連続流 43 増加する換気装置の連続流信号
44 過去の呼吸率履歴に基づく速度における換気装置の流れ/体積
45 逆方向の換気装置体積
46 呼息と同期した換気装置の流れ/体積
47 周期性体積送達 48 閉塞呼吸信号
49 逆行高頻度体積送達 50 逆行傾斜連続増加流送達
60 近位端コネクタ 61 ガス送達チャネルコネクタ
62 呼吸センサコネクタ 63 圧力モニタ管腔コネクタ
64 主チャネル 65 副管腔
66 送達回路空気圧検知管腔 67 複合コネクタ
68 取り外し可能コネクタ 70 CPAP換気マスク
72 CPAP換気装置 74 CPAP単一肢呼吸回路
75 マスク通気口 76 流れ発生装置
77 圧力センサ 78 制御システム
79 制御バルブ 80 気管内気流センサ
82 センサ線 84 センサ線管腔
85 チューブ材 86 圧力検知ポート
88 圧力検知管腔 90 カテーテル遠位端絞
92 カテーテル遠位端断面 100 逆行カテーテル
120 複合逆行及び正常方向換気カテーテル
121 ガス送達チャネル 123 ガス送達チャネル
125 複合逆行及び正常方向ガス送達管腔
130 小孔ガイド 131 小孔ガイド頸部フランジ
133 小孔ガイドペダル 135 小孔ガイドストラップ
136 小孔ガイドキー溝 160 ガス送達圧力センサ
161 ガス送達機構 162 圧力モニタライン
163 ガス送達制御システム 165 ガス送達制御バルブ
168 加湿器 169 患者自発呼吸センサ
170 二重制御バルブ 171 肺方向バルブガス排出
172 逆方向バルブガス排出 180 二重コネクタ
181 肺方向ガス流コネクタ 182 逆方向ガス流コネクタ
200 鼻腔カテーテル 220 口腔カテーテル
222 舌フランジ 224 頬フランジ
225 換気回路頸部ストラップ 230 口呼吸センサ
232 口内呼吸センサ 234 鼻呼吸センサ
235 フランジ 236 鼻腔内呼吸センサ
300 外部気流センサ
302 外部気流センサ固定テープ又はヘッドストラップ
304 外部気流センサ無線信号送信 306 外部気流センサ信号線
308 換気装置気流センサ信号受信機
310 無線外部呼吸努力センサ 312 外部呼吸努力センサ
314 外部呼吸努力センサ線
Claims (21)
- 睡眠時無呼吸を治療するための換気装置であって、
換気ガスを送達するための換気装置と、
前記換気装置のための制御システムと、
気管に挿入するための経気管換気カテーテルと、
前記経気管換気カテーテル上の遠位端と、
1又はそれ以上のセンサであって、当該センサからの観測値に基づいて呼吸サイクルを検出する、1又はそれ以上のセンサと、
前記換気装置を前記経気管換気カテーテルに接続する換気ガス送達回路と、
を備え、
前記制御システムが、換気ガスが前記1又はそれ以上のセンサによって検出された前記呼吸サイクルと同期して選択的に送達されるように前記換気装置を動作させ、
前記遠位端が、前記経気管換気カテーテルから上部気道に向けて上方へ、前記経気管換気カテーテルから肺に向けて下方へ、及びこれらの組み合わせから成る群から選択される方向へ前記換気ガスを送達し、
前記1又はそれ以上のセンサが、実際の呼吸空気の動きを測定するための第1のセンサ及び直接的な又は間接的な呼吸筋努力を測定するための第2のセンサであり、前記制御システムが前記第1のセンサ及び前記第2のセンサからの信号を処理して、浅呼吸、閉塞、呼吸ドライブの低下、及びこれらの組み合わせから成る群から選択される状態を見分け、
前記第1のセンサが、異常に振幅が低い信号を測定し、同時に前記第2のセンサが、異常に振幅が低くはない信号を測定した場合、前記制御システムが前記換気装置を作動させて換気ガスを送達する、
ことを特徴とする装置。 - 換気ガスが、前記呼吸サイクルの吸息相の期間に、前記呼吸サイクルの呼息相の期間に、前記呼吸サイクルの吸息相及び呼息相の両方の期間に、前記呼吸サイクル中に連続的に、前記呼吸サイクル中に周期的に、時間の経過とともに増加する流れの振幅で、前記1又はそれ以上のセンサの測定値に応答して前記制御システムにより調整された流量で、及びこれらの組み合わせから成る群から選択される態様で送達されるように、前記制御システムが前記換気装置を動作させる、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。 - 前記換気ガスが低流量かつ高圧力で送達される、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。 - 前記換気ガスが高頻度で送達される、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。 - 前記換気ガスがジェットとして送達される、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。 - 前記換気ガスが、閉塞又は無呼吸事象を防ぎ又は最小化するために予防的に、閉塞又は無呼吸事象が発生している間に閉塞又は無呼吸事象に反応して、及びこれらの組み合わせから成る群から選択される態様で送達される、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。 - 前記1又はそれ以上のセンサが前記経気管換気カテーテルに結合される、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。 - 1又はそれ以上のセンサが前記気管の外部に存在する、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。 - 前記1又はそれ以上のセンサが、前記気管内の1又はそれ以上の気流センサ及び前記気管内の1又はそれ以上の圧力センサである、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。 - 前記1又はそれ以上の気流センサからの信号及び前記1又はそれ以上の圧力センサからの信号が、前記制御システムにより組み合わされて前記換気装置を作動させる、
ことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の装置。 - 加湿器をさらに備える、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。 - 前記換気カテーテルが小孔ガイドを通じて挿入される、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。 - 遠位端が、前記気管内で前記上部気道へ向けて上方に湾曲する、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。 - 前記経気管換気カテーテルが、前記肺へ向けてガスを送達する機能、前記上部気道へ向けて及び前記肺から離してガスを送達する機能、呼吸センサ配線を含む前記気管の圧力をモニタする機能、又はこれらの組み合わせから成る群から選択される機能を有する複数の管腔を含む、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。 - 前記遠位端が2つの換気ガス出口ポートを含み、第1のガス出口ポートが換気ガスを前記肺の方向へ向け、第2のガス出口ポートがガスを前記肺から上方へ離して前記上部気道の方向へ向ける、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。 - 前記遠位端が分岐を含み、前記分岐の第1の部分が前記肺へ向けて下方に湾曲し又は角度を為し、前記分岐の第2の部分が前記肺から前記上部気道へ向けて上方に湾曲し又は角度を為す、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。 - 前記換気装置が、日中は第1のパラメータセットを使用して呼吸機能不全に使用する第1のモードで動作し、夜間は第2のパラメータセットを使用して睡眠中に使用する第2のモードで動作する、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。 - 睡眠時無呼吸を治療するための換気装置であって、
換気ガスを送達するための換気装置と、
前記換気装置のための制御システムと、
口腔内に挿入するための口腔換気カテーテルと、
前記口腔換気カテーテル上の遠位端と、
1又はそれ以上の第1のセンサと、
1又はそれ以上の第2のセンサと、
を備え、前記1又はそれ以上の第1のセンサ及び前記1又はそれ以上の第2のセンサからの信号を組み合わせて呼吸サイクルを求め、
前記換気装置を前記口腔換気カテーテルに接続する換気ガス送達回路をさらに備え、
前記制御システムが、換気ガスが前記1又はそれ以上の第1のセンサ及び前記1又はそれ以上の第2のセンサからの信号を組み合わせにより求められた前記呼吸サイクルと同期して選択的に送達されるように前記換気装置を動作させ、
前記遠位端が、前記口腔換気カテーテルから肺へ向けて下方に前記換気ガスを送達し、
前記1又はそれ以上の第1のセンサが、実際の呼吸空気の動きを測定し、前記1又はそれ以上の第2のセンサが、呼吸筋肉努力を直接的又は間接的に測定し、前記制御システムが前記1又はそれ以上の第1のセンサ及び前記1又はそれ以上の第2のセンサからの信号を処理して、浅呼吸、閉塞、呼吸ドライブの低下、及びこれらの組み合わせから成る群から選択される状態を見分け、
前記1又はそれ以上の第1のセンサが、異常に振幅が低い信号を測定し、同時に前記1又はそれ以上の第2のセンサが、異常に振幅が低くはない信号を測定した場合、前記制御システムが前記換気装置を作動させて換気ガスを送達する、
ことを特徴とする装置。 - 前記制御システムが、前記呼吸サイクルの吸息相の期間に、前記呼吸サイクルの呼息相の期間に、前記呼吸サイクルの吸息相及び呼息相の両方の期間に、及びこれらの組み合わせから選択される態様で換気ガスが送達されるように前記換気装置を動作させる、
ことを特徴とする請求項18に記載の装置。 - 睡眠時無呼吸を治療するための換気装置であって、
換気ガスを送達するための換気装置と、
前記換気装置のための制御システムと、
鼻腔内に挿入するための鼻腔換気カテーテルと、
前記鼻腔口腔換気カテーテル上の遠位端と、
1又はそれ以上の第1のセンサと、
1又はそれ以上の第2のセンサと、
を備え、前記1又はそれ以上の第1のセンサ及び前記1又はそれ以上の第2のセンサからの信号を組み合わせて呼吸サイクルを求め、
前記換気装置を前記鼻腔換気カテーテルに接続する換気ガス送達回路をさらに備え、
前記制御システムが、換気ガスが前記1又はそれ以上の第1のセンサ及び前記1又はそれ以上の第2のセンサからの信号を組み合わせにより求められた前記呼吸サイクルと同期して選択的に送達されるように前記換気装置を動作させ、
前記遠位端が、前記鼻腔換気カテーテルから肺へ向けて下方に前記換気ガスを送達し、
前記1又はそれ以上の第1のセンサが、実際の呼吸空気の動きを測定し、前記1又はそれ以上の第2のセンサが、呼吸筋肉努力を直接的又は間接的に測定し、前記制御システムが前記1又はそれ以上の第1のセンサ及び前記1又はそれ以上の第2のセンサからの信号を処理して、浅呼吸、閉塞、呼吸ドライブの低下、及びこれらの組み合わせから成る群から選択される状態を見分け、
前記1又はそれ以上の第1のセンサが、異常に振幅が低い信号を測定し、同時に前記1又はそれ以上の第2のセンサが、異常に振幅が低くはない信号を測定した場合、前記制御システムが前記換気装置を作動させて換気ガスを送達する、
ことを特徴とする装置。 - 前記制御システムが、前記呼吸サイクルの吸息相の期間に、前記呼吸サイクルの呼息相の期間に、前記呼吸サイクルの吸息相及び呼息相の両方の期間に、及びこれらの組み合わせから選択される態様で換気ガスが送達されるように前記換気装置を動作させる、
ことを特徴とする請求項20に記載の装置。
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- 2008-09-26 CA CA2700869A patent/CA2700869C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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CN101888868B (zh) | 2014-01-22 |
AU2008304203B9 (en) | 2014-02-27 |
CA2700869C (en) | 2018-10-30 |
AU2008304203A1 (en) | 2009-04-02 |
JP2010540118A (ja) | 2010-12-24 |
CN101888868A (zh) | 2010-11-17 |
US20090151719A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 |
EP2203206A4 (en) | 2017-12-06 |
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AU2008304203B2 (en) | 2013-05-30 |
WO2009042973A1 (en) | 2009-04-02 |
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