JP5512547B2 - 圧縮前の煙道ガスの濾過を伴う炭素含有燃料を燃焼させるためのプロセス - Google Patents
圧縮前の煙道ガスの濾過を伴う炭素含有燃料を燃焼させるためのプロセス Download PDFInfo
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- JP5512547B2 JP5512547B2 JP2010543549A JP2010543549A JP5512547B2 JP 5512547 B2 JP5512547 B2 JP 5512547B2 JP 2010543549 A JP2010543549 A JP 2010543549A JP 2010543549 A JP2010543549 A JP 2010543549A JP 5512547 B2 JP5512547 B2 JP 5512547B2
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- flue gas
- filtration
- process according
- heat exchanger
- desulfurization
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims description 72
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 70
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 title claims description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 45
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 34
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009919 sequestration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002829 nitrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F25J2260/80—Integration in an installation using carbon dioxide, e.g. for EOR, sequestration, refrigeration etc.
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- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Description
- 荷電粒子を煙道ガス流から除去する静電フィルタ、
- 煙道ガスがフィルタクロスを通過するバグフィルタ、
- 粒子を遠心分離および加速によって分離するサイクロン、および
- 煙道ガスを液体シャワーと接触させるスクラバー。
a) 前記煙道ガスを濾過して1 mg/m3未満の固体粒子濃度を得る工程と、
b) 工程a)で濾過された煙道ガスを圧縮する工程と、
c) 工程b)で圧縮された煙道ガスを精製し、前記不純物のうちの1つを少なくとも部分的に除去する工程と、
d) CO2を富化されたガス流を回収する工程と
を実行することを特徴とするプロセスである。
- 煙道ガスを工程a)で濾過し、100 μg/m3未満の固体粒子濃度を得ること、
- 工程a)での濾過を、カートリッジフィルタを用いて実行すること、
- 前記煙道ガスが工程a)の前に水で飽和されていないか、または煙道ガスの脱飽和工程が濾過工程a)の前に実行されるかのいずれかであること、
- 工程a)が前記煙道ガスの第1の圧縮の後に実行されること、
- 少なくとも1つの熱交換器が、濾過工程a)の下流かつ工程c)の上流で使用されること、
- 前記燃焼ユニットが空気を酸化剤として用いるユニットであり、ユニットのCO2捕捉は、前記煙道ガス中のCO2を吸収することによって実行され、これは「ポスト燃焼(post-combustion)」捕捉と呼ばれるものであること、
- 前記燃焼ユニットは、空気と比べて窒素が欠乏したガスを酸化剤として使用するオキシ燃料燃焼ユニットであること、
- 前記工程a)の濾過が工程a)と工程c)との間に静的濾過(filtration statique)によって完遂されること、
- 前記静的濾過からの煙道ガスのアウトプットが10 μg/m3未満の固体粒子濃度を有すること、
- 煙道ガスの温度が100℃を超える場合、プレート熱交換器、フィン-チューブ熱交換器およびロウ付けアルミニウム熱交換器より選択される少なくとも1つの熱交換器が濾過工程a)の下流で使用されること、
- 煙道ガスの温度が100℃未満の場合、プラスチック熱交換器が濾過工程a)の下流で使用されること、
- コンパクト熱交換器が濾過工程a)の下流で使用されること、
- 充填スクラバー塔および/または充填蒸留塔が、SO2、NO2、N2、O2、ArおよびN2O4より選択される不純物のうちの少なくとも1つを少なくとも部分的に除去するために、濾過工程a)の下流で使用されること、
- 濾過工程a)の上流および/または濾過工程a)の下流で、脱硫工程および/または水を凝縮させることによって水を除去するための冷却工程が使用されること、
- 前記オキシ燃料燃焼の煙道ガスが少なくとも2つの部分に分けられ、第1の部分は前記燃焼ユニット中にリサイクルされ、第2の部分は工程b)、c)およびd)を受け、前記第2の部分だけが脱硫工程および/または水を凝縮させることによって水を除去するための冷却工程を受けること、
- 前記脱硫された煙道ガスの第1の部分がボイラーにリサイクルされる前に、前記煙道ガスの全てが少なくとも1つの脱硫工程を受ける一方で、前記脱硫された煙道ガスの第2の部分が工程a)、b)、c)およびd)を受けること、
- 前記炭素含有燃料が石炭であり、前記第1の煙道ガスの部分が、前記ボイラーに戻される前に第2の脱硫工程を受けること、
- 2つの部分に分けられる前の前記煙道ガスの全てが、濾過工程a)の前に第1の脱硫工程を受け、その後、濾過工程a)の後に第2の脱硫工程を受け、第1の煙道ガスの部分は前記ボイラーにリサイクルされ、第2の煙道ガスの部分は工程b)、c)およびd)を受けること。
- 煙道ガスの全ては、SOxおよび/またはNOxを除くためにスクラバー9に送られる前に、および/または、凝縮によっていくらかの水を除くために直接接触により冷却する前に、カートリッジフィルタ20により濾過されること、
- 第1の煙道ガスの部分6は、スクラバー9の後にボイラー中にリサイクルされ得ること、および
- リサイクルされない煙道ガス(第2の煙道ガスの部分)は、CO2圧縮精製ユニット(CPU)16に送られること
において、先のものとは異なる。
- 1 mg/m3超の塵含有率をもって使用され得る唯一の熱交換器である、滑らかなチューブよりも有効な熱交換器の使用、
- より良好な圧縮、
- 所定の時間に渡るメンテナンスのためのより少ない停止、
- スクラバー塔および/またはトレイの代わりに充填材を備えた蒸留カラムを使用し、そのようにして圧力降下を小さくすると共に、システムのエネルギー効率を向上させること、
- 最終製品の純度を固体粒子に関して向上させ、これにより、下流での装置の汚染、特に配管中での汚染を減らすこと。
Claims (18)
- 炭素含有燃料を燃焼させるためのプロセスであって、二酸化炭素(CO2)に加えて、固体粒子と、水、窒素、酸素、アルゴン、一酸化窒素および二酸化窒素などの窒素酸化物(NOx)、ならびに二酸化硫黄などの硫黄酸化物(SOx)より選択される不純物のうちの少なくとも1つとを含む煙道ガスを生成する燃焼ユニットを使用し、以下の、
a) 前記煙道ガスを濾過して1mg/m3未満の固体粒子濃度を得る工程と、
b) 工程a)で濾過された煙道ガスを圧縮する工程と、
c) 工程b)で圧縮された煙道ガスを精製し、前記不純物のうちの1つを少なくとも部分的に除去する工程と、
d) CO2を富化されたガス流を回収する工程とを実行し、かつ
前記工程a)が、前記煙道ガスの第1の圧縮の後に実行されることを特徴とするプロセス。 - 前記煙道ガスを工程a)で濾過し、100μg/m3未満の固体粒子濃度を得ることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記工程a)での濾過が、カートリッジフィルタを使用して実行されることを特徴とする請求項1および2のいずれかに記載のプロセス。
- 前記複数の煙道ガスは工程a)の前に水で飽和されていないか、または、煙道ガスの脱飽和工程が濾過工程a)の前に実行されることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のうちの1項に記載のプロセス。
- 少なくとも1つの熱交換器が、濾過工程a)の下流かつ工程c)の上流で使用されることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のうちの1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記燃焼ユニットが酸化剤として空気を使用するユニットであり、ここで前記ユニットのCO2捕捉が前記煙道ガス中のCO2を吸収することによって実行されることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のうちの1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記燃焼ユニットが、空気と比べて窒素が欠乏したガスを酸化剤として使用するオキシ燃料燃焼ユニットであることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のうちの1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記工程a)の濾過が、工程a)と工程c)との間に、静的濾過によって完遂されることを特徴とする請求項1〜7のうちの1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記静的濾過からの煙道ガスのアウトプットが、10μg/m3未満の固体粒子濃度を有することを特徴とする請求項8に記載のプロセス。
- 煙道ガスの温度が100℃超である場合に、プレート熱交換器、フィン-チューブ熱交換器およびロウ付けアルミニウム熱交換器より選択される少なくとも1つの熱交換器が、濾過工程a)の下流で使用されることを特徴とする請求項1〜9のうちの1項に記載のプロセス。
- 煙道ガスの温度が100℃未満である場合に、プラスチック熱交換器が濾過工程a)の下流で使用されることを特徴とする請求項1〜9のうちの1項に記載のプロセス。
- コンパクト熱交換器が濾過工程a)の下流で使用されることを特徴とする請求項1〜11のうちの1項に記載のプロセス。
- SO2、NO2、N2、O2、ArおよびN2O4より選択される不純物のうちの少なくとも1つを少なくとも部分的に除去するために、充填スクラバー塔および/または充填蒸留カラムが、濾過工程a)の下流で使用されることを特徴とする請求項1〜12のうちの1項に記載のプロセス。
- 濾過工程a)の上流および/または濾過工程a)の下流で、脱硫工程および/または凝縮によって水を除去するために冷却工程が使用されることを特徴とする請求項7〜13のうちの1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記オキシ燃料燃焼の煙道ガスが少なくとも2つの部分に分けられ、第1の部分は前記燃焼ユニットにリサイクルされ、第2の部分は工程b)、c)およびd)を受け、前記第2の部分のみが、脱硫工程および/または凝縮により水を除去するために冷却工程を受けること特徴とする請求項7に記載のプロセス。
- 前記脱硫された煙道ガスがボイラーへとリサイクルされる前に前記煙道ガスの全てが少なくとも1つの脱硫工程を受ける一方で、前記脱硫された煙道ガスの第2の部分が工程a)、b)、c)およびd)を受けることを特徴とする請求項14に記載のプロセス。
- 前記炭素含有燃料が石炭であり、前記第1の煙道ガスの部分が、前記ボイラーに戻される前に第2の脱硫工程を受けることを特徴とする請求項16に記載のプロセス。
- 2つの部分に分けられる前に、前記煙道ガスの全てが濾過工程a)の前に第1の脱硫工程を受け、その後、工程a)の後に第2の脱硫工程を受け、前記第1の煙道ガスの部分が前記ボイラーへとリサイクルされ、第2の煙道ガスの部分が工程b)、c)およびd)を受けることを特徴とする請求項16に記載のプロセス。
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FR0850501A FR2926876B1 (fr) | 2008-01-28 | 2008-01-28 | Procede de combustion de combustibles carbones avec filtration des fumees de combustion avant compression. |
PCT/FR2009/050078 WO2009095581A2 (fr) | 2008-01-28 | 2009-01-21 | Procede de combustion de combustibles carbones avec filtration des fumees de combustion avant compression |
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US20100322843A1 (en) | 2010-12-23 |
WO2009095581A2 (fr) | 2009-08-06 |
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