JP5473640B2 - Speaker device - Google Patents
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- JP5473640B2 JP5473640B2 JP2010020007A JP2010020007A JP5473640B2 JP 5473640 B2 JP5473640 B2 JP 5473640B2 JP 2010020007 A JP2010020007 A JP 2010020007A JP 2010020007 A JP2010020007 A JP 2010020007A JP 5473640 B2 JP5473640 B2 JP 5473640B2
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 210000000613 ear canal Anatomy 0.000 description 33
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 24
- 210000000624 ear auricle Anatomy 0.000 description 15
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- 208000032041 Hearing impaired Diseases 0.000 description 2
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- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 210000003625 skull Anatomy 0.000 description 2
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- 206010011878 Deafness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 bicone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003477 cochlea Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 230000010370 hearing loss Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 208000016354 hearing loss disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconate titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4].[Pb+2] HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
Description
本発明は、音響機器、通信機器、ゲーム機器、補聴器等に用いられ、人体に接触することによって使用者に音響信号を伝達するスピーカー装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a speaker device that is used in an acoustic device, a communication device, a game device, a hearing aid, and the like and transmits an acoustic signal to a user by contacting the human body.
ヘッドフォンやイヤフォンと呼ばれる機器をはじめとして、人体に接触することによって音響信号を伝達するスピーカー装置は既に広く普及している。これらの機器は、室内で据え置き型のスピーカーを介して音楽等を楽しむのとは異なり、（１）近隣への騒音を考慮して音が漏れないようにしたい場合、（２）電車などでの移動中や歩行中、ジョギング中などに音楽を楽しみたい場合、（３）運転中などに携帯電話で通話したい場合、（４）補聴器など、多種多様な生活場面で使用されている。 Speaker devices that transmit acoustic signals by touching the human body, including devices called headphones and earphones, are already widely used. These devices are different from enjoying music, etc. via a stationary speaker indoors. (1) If you want to prevent the sound from leaking in consideration of noise in the vicinity, (2) It is used in a wide variety of life situations, such as when you want to enjoy music while moving, walking, jogging, etc., (3) when you want to talk on a mobile phone while driving, and (4) hearing aids.
一般的なヘッドフォンもしくはイヤフォンは、耳介部を覆う形状の物や耳穴（外耳道）に挿入して使用する物など、その形式に若干の相違はあるものの、基本的には音響スピーカーを具備し、その音響スピーカーから発せられる空気振動としての音響信号（気導音）を外耳道および鼓膜へ向けて放射することによって音楽や音声等を聴取させている。 General headphones or earphones are basically equipped with acoustic speakers, although there are some differences in the form, such as those that are shaped to cover the auricle and those that are inserted into the ear hole (the ear canal). Music, voice, etc. are heard by radiating acoustic signals (air conduction sound) as air vibrations emitted from the acoustic speaker toward the ear canal and the eardrum.
このような気導音を用いた一般的なスピーカー装置とは別に、音響信号を何らかの振動体によって物理的な振動に変換し、その振動体を人体に接触させることによって音楽や音声等を聴取させる骨伝導スピーカーが知られている。 Apart from the general speaker device using such air conduction sound, the acoustic signal is converted into physical vibration by some vibration body, and the vibration body is brought into contact with the human body to listen to music, voice, etc. Bone conduction speakers are known.
骨伝導スピーカーは、頭蓋骨等の骨部分に振動体を充てることによって、外耳や中耳を介さずに、頭蓋内の内耳（蝸牛）に直接的に、振動に変換された音響信号を伝達するので、外耳や中耳に障害を持つ聴覚障害者用の補聴機器として主に使用されてきている。振動体を充てる人体の部位は、肉や皮が薄く、さらに内耳との距離が近い、耳介の後ろ側の乳様突起部が一般的である。 The bone conduction speaker transmits the acoustic signal converted into vibration directly to the inner ear (cochlea) in the skull without passing through the outer ear or middle ear by filling the bone part such as the skull with a vibrating body. It has been mainly used as a hearing aid for hearing impaired persons with disabilities in the outer and middle ears. The part of the human body filled with the vibrating body is generally a milky protrusion on the back side of the auricle where the flesh and skin are thin and the distance from the inner ear is short.
近年では、補聴機器としての使用に限られず、音楽聴取用や携帯電話での通話用などの一般用途にも使用されるようになってきている。こめかみ部や前額部に振動体を充てて使用する形式など、多様な製品が発売されている。 In recent years, the present invention is not limited to use as a hearing aid, but is also used for general purposes such as listening to music and calling on a mobile phone. A variety of products have been put on the market, such as the temples and foreheads with a vibrating body.
骨伝導スピーカーを一般用途に使用する最大のメリットは、耳穴（外耳道）を塞がずに音を聴取できることにある。気導音形式のヘッドフォンやイヤフォンは耳穴（外耳道）を完全に塞いでしまうので、装着して音楽等の聴取を開始すると、聴取者の周囲で発生する様々な生活音や環境音（家族や友人の声、自動車が近付いてくる音、公共施設や乗り物の中のアナウンスなど）は全く聞こえなくなってしまい、他者とのコミュニケーションが取れなくなったり、危険を回避するのが遅れたりしてしまうという問題がある。 The greatest merit of using a bone conduction speaker for general use is that sound can be heard without blocking the ear hole (the ear canal). Air-conducted headphones and earphones completely block the ear canal (the ear canal), so when you start wearing and listening to music, you can listen to various living and environmental sounds (family and friends) that are generated around the listener. Voices, the sounds of cars approaching, announcements in public facilities and vehicles, etc.) can no longer be heard, making it impossible to communicate with others or delaying danger avoidance There is.
一方で、骨伝導スピーカーは、生活音、環境音は通常通り耳穴（外耳道）から入ってくる上に、骨伝導経由で音楽等を楽しむことができる。 On the other hand, a bone conduction speaker can enjoy music and the like via bone conduction as well as life sound and environmental sound enter from the ear canal (the ear canal) as usual.
特許文献１では、音声信号を音声振動に変換し、この音声振動を受け取って外耳道に挿入され、外耳道内壁に是を伝える接触子からなり、再生された音声振動の一部を鼓膜に伝送し、一部を外耳道壁を形成する軟骨組織を通して感音器官に伝送する事により、健常な聴取者には気導再生型のイヤフォンと同等にはたらき、伝音系の障害をもつ難聴者に対しては骨導再生型のイヤフォンとしてはたらく様に構成された外耳道装用気導骨導両用受話器について開示されている。 In Patent Document 1, a voice signal is converted into a voice vibration, the voice vibration is received, inserted into the ear canal, and made of a contact that conveys the remedy to the inner wall of the ear canal, and a part of the reproduced voice vibration is transmitted to the eardrum. By transmitting a part of it to the sound organ through the cartilage tissue that forms the wall of the ear canal, it works like a regenerative earphone for healthy listeners, and for hearing-impaired people with disabilities in the sound transmission system. An ear-guided bone-conducting handset for external ear canal that is configured to work as a bone-conduction regenerative earphone is disclosed.
特許文献２では、骨伝導スピーカーの振動面が耳珠に当接するように構成された骨伝導受話装置であって、ヘッドアームにヒンジ機構部を介して骨伝導スピーカーの本体部（圧電バイモルフ素子の表面を有機物で被覆した構造）が取り付けられた上、本体部の耳珠に対する当接の圧力を調整するための圧力調整手段として、本体部の外側にヘッドアームとの間で固定配備された枠状の支持具に対して調整ネジが固定されると共に、支持具内に配備されて本体部に当接される板バネの付勢力を調整ネジにより調整する構造のものが付設されて構成されている骨伝導スピーカー及び骨伝導受話装置が開示されている。 In Patent Document 2, a bone conduction receiver configured such that the vibration surface of a bone conduction speaker abuts on the tragus, and the body portion of the bone conduction speaker (piezoelectric bimorph element) is connected to the head arm via a hinge mechanism. A frame that is fixedly arranged between the head arm and the outside of the main body as a pressure adjusting means for adjusting the pressure of contact with the tragus of the main body. The adjustment screw is fixed to the support member, and the adjustment screw is used to adjust the urging force of the leaf spring disposed in the support member and abutting against the main body. A bone conduction speaker and a bone conduction receiver are disclosed.
特許文献３では、装着者の耳朶に取り付ける耳朶取り付け部と、該耳朶取り付け部から湾曲して伸びる圧着バネ部と、該圧着バネ部に沿っておよそ逆三角形状に広がる振動部とを有し、人体装着時には、前記耳朶取り付け部により装着者の耳朶に取り付けられ、振動部が装着者の乳様突起部に圧着されて音信号伝達のための振動を乳様突起部に伝達する。耳朶取り付け部には、宝石などの装飾品を取り付けるための装飾品取り付け構造を有する。圧着バネ部は、形状記憶合金で形成される。耳朶取り付け部は、装着者の耳朶を前後から挟み込むクリップ構造を有する。通信システムを用いて携帯電話のイヤフォンとして用いる骨導スピーカー装置及び通信システムが開示されている。特許文献３では、さらに、振動板を軟シリコンにて覆った構造を有し、装着者の乳様突起部に接する側と振動板との間には、多数の硬金属球が設けられ、振動板の振動を硬金属球を介して乳様突起部に伝達する骨導スピーカー装置も開示されている。 In Patent Document 3, it has an earlobe attachment part attached to the earlobe of the wearer, a crimp spring part that curves and extends from the earlobe attachment part, and a vibration part that extends in an approximately triangular shape along the crimp spring part, At the time of wearing the human body, the earlobe attachment part is attached to the earlobe of the wearer, and the vibration part is pressure-bonded to the milky protrusion part of the wearer to transmit vibration for transmitting a sound signal to the milky protrusion part. The earlobe attachment portion has a decoration attachment structure for attaching ornaments such as jewelry. The crimp spring is made of a shape memory alloy. The earlobe attachment unit has a clip structure that sandwiches the earlobe of the wearer from the front and back. A bone-conducting speaker device and a communication system that are used as earphones of a mobile phone using the communication system are disclosed. In Patent Document 3, the diaphragm is further covered with soft silicon, and a number of hard metal spheres are provided between the diaphragm and the side in contact with the milky projection of the wearer. There is also disclosed a bone-conducting speaker device that transmits vibrations of a plate to a milky protrusion via a hard metal sphere.
特許文献４では、電極板の表裏両面にＰＺＴ（チタン酸ジルコン酸鉛重合体）の薄膜を形成してなる２枚の圧電振動子と、該２枚の圧電振動子を互いに平行に所定の間隔を保ちつつその周辺を連結するスペーサと、前記２枚の圧電振動子に互いに逆動作させるべく、二つの極性を持つ電気信号のうち、一方を前記圧電振動子の電極板に、もう一方を前記圧電振動子のＰＺＴ薄膜部分に伝える導線と、前記２枚の圧電振動子のうち、一方を弾性部材を介して固定するケースと、前記２枚の圧電振動子のうち、もう一方を弾性部材を介して使用者の耳近傍の軟骨に接触させる接触パッドとからなる軟骨伝導スピーカーが開示されている。 In Patent Document 4, two piezoelectric vibrators formed by forming a thin film of PZT (lead zirconate titanate polymer) on both the front and back surfaces of an electrode plate, and the two piezoelectric vibrators are parallel to each other at a predetermined interval. In order to cause the two piezoelectric vibrators to operate in reverse to each other, the spacer that connects the periphery of the piezoelectric vibrator while maintaining the same, one of the two polar electrical signals to the electrode plate of the piezoelectric vibrator, and the other to the piezoelectric vibrator A conducting wire for transmitting to the PZT thin film portion of the piezoelectric vibrator, a case for fixing one of the two piezoelectric vibrators via an elastic member, and the other of the two piezoelectric vibrators for an elastic member. A cartilage conduction speaker is disclosed that includes a contact pad that contacts the cartilage in the vicinity of the user's ear.
特許文献５では、ある可聴周波信号を聴力損失補償用の可聴周波信号に処理するための信号処理装置と、この信号処理装置の出力部へ接続され、処理された補償ずみ可聴周波信号を音声信号に変換するための受信機とを収容するハウジングを有し、ハウジングは、ユーザーの外耳道の中に、外耳道壁の一部とハウジングの一部との間に通路を残して、その外耳道を塞ぐことなく配置されるように構成され、それによって、音波がハウジングの後方から上記通路を介してユーザーの外部環境へ抜け出ることができ、かつ、外耳道の中に挿入されたときにユーザーの鼓膜へ向かう音声の放出のための出力口を有しており、ハウジングは、ハウジングを外耳道の中に保持するためにユーザーの耳介の中と外耳道の外側とに配置されるように構成された細長部材へ取り付けられている補聴器が開示されている。特許文献５では、さらに、前記細長部材をユーザーの三角窩の下方に配置する構成も開示されている。 In Patent Document 5, a signal processing device for processing a certain audio signal into an audio signal for hearing loss compensation, and the processed compensated audio signal connected to the output unit of the signal processing device are converted into audio signals. A housing that houses a receiver for converting into the user's ear canal, leaving a passage in the user's ear canal between a portion of the wall of the ear canal and a portion of the housing to occlude the ear canal So that sound waves can escape from the rear of the housing through the passage to the user's external environment and to the user's eardrum when inserted into the ear canal The housing is configured to be placed in the user's auricle and outside the ear canal to hold the housing in the ear canal. Hearing aid attached to the elongated member are disclosed. Patent Document 5 further discloses a configuration in which the elongated member is disposed below the user's triangular fossa.
使用者に対して大きな利便性、快適性を提供可能な骨伝導スピーカーではあるが、未だ広く普及するには至っていない。その要因としては、装着感の悪さ、ファッション性の低さ、音質の悪さなどが挙げられる。 Although it is a bone conduction speaker that can provide users with great convenience and comfort, it has not yet become widespread. The factors include poor wearing feeling, poor fashion, and poor sound quality.
骨伝導スピーカーは、骨に振動を伝える形式であるため、効率よく振動を伝達し、さらに音質を向上させるために、（１）高い振動エネルギーを得るために振動体にはある程度の重量が必要である、（２）振動の伝達効率を向上させるために振動体を骨へ充てる際の圧力を高くする必要がある、などの条件を満たす必要がある。 Since the bone conduction speaker is a type that transmits vibration to the bone, in order to efficiently transmit vibration and improve sound quality, (1) a certain amount of weight is required for the vibrating body to obtain high vibration energy. It is necessary to satisfy the conditions such as (2) it is necessary to increase the pressure when the vibrating body is applied to the bone in order to improve the transmission efficiency of vibration.
そのため、重たい振動体を、ヘッドバンドなどで強めに乳様突起部やこめかみ部に圧着する形式とならざるを得なくなり、装着感が極めて悪く（ヘッドバンドが邪魔で、さらに長時間装着すると痛くなる）、装着した際のファッション性も極めて劣る結果となってしまっている。 For this reason, it is necessary to use a form in which a heavy vibrating body is strongly pressed against the milky protrusion or temple with a headband, etc., and the feeling of wearing is extremely bad (the headband is in the way, and it becomes painful if worn for a long time. ), And the fashionability when worn is very poor.
さらに、骨伝導の振動体を人体に充てる場合、その位置のわずかな“ずれ”が音量感や音質に大きな影響を及ぼすことが知られている。ヘッドバンドなどで乳様突起部などに強めに固定しても、頭を動かした際などに振動体がわずかにずれる場合があるが、このようなわずかな“ずれ”で聞こえる音が小さくなってしまったり、音の周波数特性が変化してしまって音質感が変化してしまったりするという問題がある。 Furthermore, it is known that when a bone-conducting vibrator is applied to a human body, a slight “displacement” of the position greatly affects the volume feeling and sound quality. Even if the headband is fixed firmly to the milky protrusion, etc., the vibrating body may slightly shift when the head is moved, etc. There is a problem that the sound quality changes due to a change in the frequency characteristics of the sound.
特許文献１に記載の外耳道装用気導骨導両用受話器は、振動体を外耳道内に挿入し、外耳道内壁へ振動を加える形式であるため、骨伝導音と気導音を同時に伝達可能であることから、振動体は軽く、骨へ充てる圧力も低くて良い上に、振動体の“ずれ”もほとんど問題とならない。しかし、ファッション性が高いとは言えず、また、外耳道を塞いでしまうという一般的なヘッドフォン、イヤフォンと同様の問題点を有している。 Since the external ear canal bone-conducting handset described in Patent Document 1 is a type in which a vibrating body is inserted into the external ear canal and vibration is applied to the inner wall of the external auditory canal, bone conduction sound and air conduction sound can be transmitted simultaneously. Therefore, the vibrating body is light and the pressure applied to the bone may be low, and “displacement” of the vibrating body is hardly a problem. However, it cannot be said that fashion is high, and has the same problems as general headphones and earphones that block the ear canal.
特許文献２に記載の骨伝導スピーカー及び骨伝導受話装置は、振動面が耳珠に当接するように構成されているため、振動体は軽く、骨へ充てる圧力も低くて良い。しかし、ヘッドアーム等で耳珠に振動面を固定する必要があり、装着感はあまり良くなく、ファッション性も低いという問題がある。また、外耳道を塞いでしまうという一般的なヘッドフォン、イヤフォンと同様の問題がある。 Since the bone conduction speaker and the bone conduction receiver described in Patent Document 2 are configured such that the vibrating surface comes into contact with the tragus, the vibrating body is light and the pressure applied to the bone may be low. However, it is necessary to fix the vibration surface to the tragus with a head arm or the like, and there is a problem that the feeling of wearing is not so good and the fashionability is also low. In addition, there is a problem similar to general headphones and earphones that block the ear canal.
特許文献３に記載の骨導スピーカー装置及び通信システムは、耳朶に振動部を取りつけ、そこからの振動を乳様突起部に加える構造であり、耳朶にアクセサリーなどを取りつけることを可能としてファッション性も考慮されている。また、振動面と乳様突起部の間に複数の硬金属球を配置し、より柔軟に圧着できるような工夫もされており、振動体の”ずれ”によって発生する問題を軽減している。しかし、耳朶から乳様突起部へかかる構造は大きいため、装着感が良いとは言えず、長時間装用するには問題がある。さらに、アクセサリーを取り付けられる構造であっても、システム自体が大型であるので、ファッション性を高めるのには限界があるという問題もある。 The bone-conducting speaker device and communication system described in Patent Document 3 has a structure in which a vibration part is attached to the earlobe and vibrations therefrom are applied to the milky protrusion, and it is possible to attach accessories to the earlobe and also have fashionability. Has been taken into account. In addition, a plurality of hard metal balls are arranged between the vibration surface and the milky protrusion so as to be able to crimp more flexibly, and the problem caused by the “displacement” of the vibrating body is reduced. However, since the structure extending from the earlobe to the milky protrusion is large, it cannot be said that the wearing feeling is good, and there is a problem in wearing it for a long time. Furthermore, even if it is the structure which can attach an accessory, since the system itself is large sized, there also exists a problem that there exists a limit in improving fashionability.
特許文献４に記載の軟骨伝導スピーカーは、人体の軟骨に振動体を充てる構造である。しかし、外耳軟骨は複雑な形状を呈しており、充てる部位によって振動の伝達効率は大きく変化するが、特許文献４では具体的に充てる部位や装着時の様相に関する示唆も開示も無い。 The cartilage conduction speaker described in Patent Document 4 has a structure in which a vibrating body is filled in a cartilage of a human body. However, the outer ear cartilage has a complicated shape, and the transmission efficiency of vibration varies greatly depending on the portion to be filled. However, Patent Document 4 does not provide any suggestion or disclosure regarding the portion to be specifically filled or the appearance at the time of wearing.
特許文献５に記載の細長部材を有する補聴器は、補聴器用電子回路などが内蔵された細長部材を三角窩の下方に配置する構造となっており、ファッション性に優れている。しかし、音響出力はあくまで従来式の気導音であって、外耳道を塞いでしまう一般的なイヤフォンを使用した補聴器であることに変わりはなく、骨伝導を利用した音の伝達など、それに代わる音伝導方式に関する示唆も開示も無い。 The hearing aid having an elongated member described in Patent Document 5 has a structure in which an elongated member having a built-in electronic circuit for a hearing aid is arranged below the triangular fossa, and is excellent in fashionability. However, the sound output is only a conventional air conduction sound, and it is still a hearing aid using a general earphone that blocks the ear canal, and instead of sound transmission using bone conduction, etc. There is no suggestion or disclosure regarding the conduction system.
上記の課題を解決する手段として、本発明のスピーカー装置は、人体に振動体を接触させることによって使用者に音響信号を伝達するスピーカー装置であって、前記振動体の人体に接触する部位に、振動伝達用の複数の突起を有し、全体形状が三角窩の対輪上脚と対輪下脚との間に挟まれる形状とした。これにより、振動体を人体に充てた際に突起が人体の皮膚に埋没し、振動の伝達効率が飛躍的に向上するため、小型、軽量の振動体を低い圧力で人体に充てるだけで十分な音量および高音質を実現できる。さらに、仮に振動体の位置がずれても、複数の突起のうちのどれかが必要部位に当たっていれば振動伝達効率は変わらないという利点も有する。 As a means for solving the above problems, the speaker device of the present invention is a speaker device that transmits an acoustic signal to a user by bringing a vibrating body into contact with a human body, and in a portion of the vibrating body that contacts the human body, It has a plurality of projections for vibration transmission, and a shape entire shape is sandwiched between the pair wheels on legs and antihelix under legs of the triangular fossa. As a result, when the vibrating body is applied to the human body, the protrusions are buried in the skin of the human body, and the transmission efficiency of vibration is greatly improved. Therefore, it is sufficient to fill the human body with a small and light vibrating body with low pressure Sound volume and high sound quality can be realized. Furthermore, even if the position of the vibrating body is shifted, there is an advantage that the vibration transmission efficiency does not change if any of the plurality of protrusions hits a necessary part.
また、本発明のスピーカー装置は、前記振動体を球形として構成した。これにより、耳介内の様々な部位（耳珠近傍、三角窩、耳甲介、耳甲介艇、舟状窩など）、特に三角窩に振動体を容易に装着できる。さらに、平板形状の振動体とは異なり、振動体が皮膚に埋没しやすくなるので、振動の伝達効率が向上し、小型、軽量の振動体を低い圧力で人体に充てるだけで十分な音量および高音質を実現できる。また、耳介内に装着した場合も、球形は見た目に良く、ファッション性にも優れている。 In the speaker device of the present invention, the vibrating body is configured as a sphere. Thereby, a vibrating body can be easily attached to various parts in the auricle (near the tragus, the triangular fossa, the conch, the conch boat, the scaphoid fossa, etc.), particularly the triangular fossa. In addition, unlike a flat plate-shaped vibrating body, the vibrating body is easily embedded in the skin, improving the transmission efficiency of the vibration, and sufficient volume and high volume can be achieved simply by applying a small, lightweight vibrating body to the human body with low pressure. Sound quality can be achieved. In addition, when worn in the auricle, the spherical shape is visually appealing and fashionable.
さらに、本発明のスピーカー装置は、前記振動体が可とう性材料で覆われている構成とした。これにより、振動体の突起が皮膚に埋没する構造であって長時間装着しても、使用者に痛みを与えることなく快適に使用できる。加えて、球形、楕円球形、円柱形、カプセル形、双円錐形、ダイヤモンド形などの振動体を耳介内に装着した際にも収まりが良くなり、使用中の落下や“ずれ”を最小限に抑えられる。 Furthermore, the speaker device of the present invention is configured such that the vibrating body is covered with a flexible material. Accordingly, the protrusion of the vibrating body is buried in the skin and can be used comfortably without giving pain to the user even when worn for a long time. In addition, when a vibrating body such as a sphere, ellipsoidal sphere, cylinder, capsule, bicone, or diamond is worn in the auricle, it will fit better, minimizing drops and “displacement” during use. Can be suppressed.
本発明によれば、小型軽量で、低い圧力で人体に接触させても十分な音量と高い音質を有するスピーカー装置を実現できる。特に、耳介内に装着することが可能であり、接触圧力を増すためのヘッドバンドやアームなどの部品が不要なので、ファッション性にも優れたスピーカー装置を提供できる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it is small and lightweight, and even if it makes a human body contact with a low pressure, it can implement | achieve the speaker apparatus which has sufficient volume and high sound quality. In particular, since it can be mounted in the auricle and parts such as a headband and an arm for increasing the contact pressure are unnecessary, a speaker device with excellent fashionability can be provided.
一般のヘッドフォンやイヤフォンのように耳穴（外耳道）を塞がないので、周囲の環境と聞きたい音楽や音声を同時に聴取できるという骨伝導スピーカーが有する利点を全く損なわずに、利便性の高いスピーカー装置を提供できる。
耳介内の三角窩は、振動の内耳への伝達効率が高いことが実験的に確認されている。さらに本発明の振動体を装着するのに最適な形状（対輪上脚と対輪下脚に挟まれる構成）となっている。三角窩は、周囲から最も良く見える部位であるため、そこに本発明のスピーカー装置を装着することは、ファッション性にも極めて優れている。
The speaker device is highly convenient without compromising the advantages of the bone conduction speaker that allows you to listen to the surrounding environment and the music and sound you want to hear at the same time because it does not block the ear hole (the ear canal) like ordinary headphones and earphones. Can provide.
It has been experimentally confirmed that the triangular fovea in the pinna has a high transmission efficiency of vibration to the inner ear. Furthermore, it has an optimum shape (a configuration sandwiched between the upper and lower legs of the counter wheel) for mounting the vibrating body of the present invention. Since the triangular fossa is the part that can be seen best from the surroundings, it is very fashionable to wear the speaker device of the present invention there.
以下、本発明を実施するための最良の形態を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。 The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
図１に、本発明の実施形態として、複数の突起を有する振動体の一例を模式的に示す。ここでは、球形の振動体が突起を有する様子が示されている。 FIG. 1 schematically shows an example of a vibrating body having a plurality of protrusions as an embodiment of the present invention. Here, a state in which the spherical vibrating body has a protrusion is shown.
図２には、縞線状の***を有する振動体の一例を模式的に示す。ここでは、楕円球形の振動体が縞線状の***を有する様子が示されており、図中の点線部で切断した際の切断面図も示されている。 FIG. 2 schematically shows an example of a vibrating body having striped ridges. Here, a state in which the elliptical spherical vibrating body has a striped line-like bulge is shown, and a cut-away view when cut along a dotted line portion in the drawing is also shown.
図３には、網目状の***を有する振動体の一例を模式的に示す。ここでは、楕円球形の振動体が網目状の***を有する様子が示されている。なお、ここで言う網目状の***には、一般のゴルフボールに見られる複数のディンプルを有する構造も含まれる。 FIG. 3 schematically shows an example of a vibrating body having a mesh-like ridge. Here, a state in which an elliptical spherical vibrating body has a mesh-like ridge is shown. The net-like ridges mentioned here include a structure having a plurality of dimples found in a general golf ball.
図１〜図３に示すような振動体を人体に接触させた場合、突起もしくは***部が皮膚に埋没し、通常の平板形状な振動体に比べて、極めて高い振動伝達率が得られることが発明者によって実験的に確認されている。さらに、耳介内の適当な部位に装着すれば、収まりが良く、落下することも無く、使用者は快適に音楽等の音響信号を聴取することができる。 When the vibrating body as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is brought into contact with the human body, the protrusions or raised portions are buried in the skin, and an extremely high vibration transmissibility can be obtained compared to a normal flat plate-shaped vibrating body. Confirmed experimentally by the inventor. Furthermore, if it is attached to an appropriate part in the auricle, the user can comfortably listen to the sound signal such as music without being dropped and falling comfortably.
一般的な骨伝導スピーカーでは、振動体を乳様突起部やこめかみ部分に充てて使用するケースが多いが、本実施例では小型軽量で、低い圧力で人体に充てるだけで十分な振動伝達率が得られるため、耳介周辺もしくは耳介内に装着することも可能である。人間の耳介は極めて複雑な構造をしているので、耳介内に快適に装着するためには、様々な形状の振動体が必要となる。 In general bone conduction speakers, there are many cases in which a vibrating body is applied to the milky protrusion or temple part, but in this example, it is small and lightweight, and sufficient vibration transmissibility can be obtained simply by applying it to the human body with low pressure. Since it is obtained, it is possible to wear it around or inside the auricle. Since the human auricle has an extremely complicated structure, various shapes of vibrators are required to comfortably wear the auricle.
図４には円柱形、図５にはカプセル形、図６には双円錐形、図７にはダイヤモンド形の振動体をそれぞれ示す。これらの振動体に、図１〜図３で示したような突起もしくは***を持たせ、耳介内の適当な部位に装着すれば、収まりが良く、落下することも無く、使用者は快適に音楽等の音響信号を聴取することができる。 FIG. 4 shows a columnar shape, FIG. 5 shows a capsule shape, FIG. 6 shows a bicone shape, and FIG. If these vibrators have protrusions or ridges as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and are attached to appropriate parts in the auricle, they will fit well, will not fall, and will be comfortable for the user. Sound signals such as music can be heard.
図８には、本発明の振動体を可とう性材料で覆った場合の様子を模式的に示す。ここで言う可とう性材料とは、柔軟かつ多少の粘着性を有する樹脂系の材料、エポキシ系材料、シリコン材料、アルファゲル材料のような材料を指している。 FIG. 8 schematically shows a state where the vibrating body of the present invention is covered with a flexible material. Here, the flexible material refers to a material such as a resin-based material, an epoxy-based material, a silicon material, and an alpha gel material that is flexible and has some adhesiveness.
突起や***を有する材料を人体に接触させた場合、長時間の装用では痛みを伴う場合がある。特に耳介内に装着した場合は、強く押し付ければ痛み、押しつけが弱ければ外れて落下してしまう可能性がある。本実施例のように、柔軟で多少の粘着性を有する可とう性材料で覆われた振動体を用いれば、痛むことなく、また粘着性によって落下も抑えられて、快適に長時間使用することができるようになる。該可とう性材料に軟シリコンやアルファゲルなどを使用すれば、振動の内耳への伝達率もほとんど下がらないことが、発明者による実験によって確認されている。 When a material having protrusions or bumps is brought into contact with the human body, it may be painful when worn for a long time. In particular, when it is worn in the auricle, there is a possibility that it will be painful if it is pressed hard and fall off if it is weakly pressed. If a vibrating body covered with a flexible material that is flexible and has some stickiness is used as in this embodiment, it can be used comfortably for a long time without being hurt and with its stickiness preventing fall. Will be able to. It has been confirmed by experiments by the inventors that the use of soft silicon, alpha gel, or the like for the flexible material hardly reduces the transmission rate of vibration to the inner ear.
図９には、人間の耳介と耳介内の各部位の名称を示す。本発明の振動体は、これらの部位それぞれに装着可能であるが、特に、図中の三角窩の部分が、振動体を充てた際の振動の伝達効率が良く、音が良く聞こえることが、発明者による種々の実験によって確認されている。 FIG. 9 shows the names of the human pinna and each part in the pinna. The vibrating body of the present invention can be attached to each of these parts, in particular, the triangular fossa portion in the figure has good vibration transmission efficiency when the vibrating body is filled, and it can be heard well. It has been confirmed by various experiments by the inventors.
図１０には、図２に示した縞線状の***を有する楕円球形の振動体を三角窩に装着した際の様子を模式的に示している。三角窩の形状と楕円球形がマッチしており、収まりが良い。耳穴を塞がないので、振動体を介して音楽などを楽しみながら、周囲の音も聞き取れる。加えて、この位置は新たなアクセサリーとしてもファッション性に優れており、様々な色やデザインの振動体を製作すれば、さらにファッション性が向上するものと思われる。 FIG. 10 schematically shows a state in which the elliptical spherical vibrating body having the striped ridges shown in FIG. 2 is mounted on the triangular fossa. The shape of the triangular fossa and the elliptical sphere match, making it easy to fit. Since the ear holes are not blocked, you can listen to the surrounding sounds while enjoying music through the vibrator. In addition, this position is also excellent in fashion as a new accessory, and it seems that fashionability will be further improved by producing vibrators of various colors and designs.
図１１には、本発明の振動体を直接外耳道へ挿入した場合の参考例の模式図を示す。音楽を聴取する場合など、周囲の音を遮断して音楽のみを楽しみたい場合がある。本発明の振動体は、外耳道へ挿入しても音が良く聞こえるという性質を併せ持つ。振動体表面から放射される気導音と、振動体が外耳道内壁へ接触することによる骨導音の双方が聞こえるので音量感が増し、音質もさらに良くなる。
In FIG. 11, the schematic diagram of the reference example at the time of inserting the vibrating body of this invention directly into the ear canal is shown. In some cases, such as listening to music, you may want to enjoy only the music while blocking the surrounding sounds. The vibrator of the present invention also has the property that sound can be heard well even when inserted into the ear canal. Both the air conduction sound radiated from the surface of the vibration body and the bone conduction sound caused by the vibration body coming into contact with the inner wall of the external auditory canal can be heard, so that the sound volume is increased and the sound quality is further improved.
この場合は、図１１に示しているように、外耳道挿入用のカバー（軟シリコンやアルファゲル材料製であると良いが、その他の材料でも構成可能である）を用意すると、さらに収まりが良くなり、聞こえも向上する。図１１では、外耳道内に挿入した際の挿入位置がずれないように、カバーに留め部を設けている。 In this case, as shown in FIG. 11, if a cover for inserting the external auditory canal (preferably made of soft silicon or alpha gel material, but can be made of other materials) is provided, the fit is further improved. , Hearing is also improved. In FIG. 11, the cover is provided with a fastening portion so that the insertion position does not shift when inserted into the ear canal.
なお、外耳道に挿入した場合と、三角窩などの耳介内に装着した場合では、音量感や音質が変化するので、音響再生装置もしくは音響再生装置と振動体を接続するケーブル部に、外耳道挿入時や三角窩装着時のための切り換えスイッチを設けると良い。この場合、スイッチの切り換えだけで、ボリュームや周波数特性をそれぞれの条件に対して最適になるように使用者が調整できるようなシステムになっていることが望ましい。 Note that the volume and sound quality change when inserted into the ear canal and when inserted into the auricle such as the triangular fossa, so the ear canal is inserted into the sound playback device or the cable connecting the sound playback device and the vibrator. It is good to provide a change-over switch for the time or when wearing the triangular fossa. In this case, it is desirable that the system is such that the user can adjust the volume and frequency characteristics so as to be optimal for each condition only by switching the switch.
図１２には、本発明の振動体の振動駆動源を、最も良く使われている電磁変換機であるボイスコイルとした場合を示す。ここでは、球形で突起を有する振動体の内部をくり抜き、その中にコイルと磁石を収めて振動させる場合の振動体の切断面を示している。 FIG. 12 shows a case where the vibration driving source of the vibrating body of the present invention is a voice coil which is the most commonly used electromagnetic transducer. Here, the cut surface of the vibrating body in the case where the inside of the vibrating body having a spherical shape and a projection is cut out and a coil and a magnet are housed therein to vibrate is shown.
図１２は、振動体を切断し、それを上方から見た場合の図であるが、実際の使用においては、球面および突起が皮膚に接触すればよいので、その反対面は同様の半球形で蓋をしてもよいし、平らな板など、球形以外の形状の部品で蓋をしても差し支えない。 FIG. 12 is a diagram of the vibrating body cut and viewed from above. In actual use, the spherical surface and the protrusion only need to come into contact with the skin, and the opposite surface has a similar hemispherical shape. A lid may be used, or a lid having a shape other than a spherical shape such as a flat plate may be used.
図１３には、半分に切った球形で突起を有する振動体の切断面に圧電素子式の振動駆動源を取りつけた場合である。圧電素子は極めて薄型で高い振動エネルギーを発することが可能である。ここでは振動体の切断面（平面）に貼り付けた様子を図示しているが、振動体の内部をくり抜いて、内部球目の形状に合わせた圧電素子を用いれば、さらに振動伝達率を上げることができる。 FIG. 13 shows a case where a piezoelectric element type vibration drive source is attached to a cut surface of a vibrating body having a spherical cut shape and cut in half. The piezoelectric element is extremely thin and can emit high vibration energy. Here, the state of pasting on the cut surface (plane) of the vibrating body is illustrated, but if the inside of the vibrating body is cut out and a piezoelectric element that matches the shape of the inner sphere is used, the vibration transmissibility is further increased. be able to.
なお、本実施例では、振動体の振動駆動源として電磁変換機および圧電素子のみを例示しているが、振動体駆動源は本発明の振動体に効率よく振動を伝達できれば良いので、磁歪材料などの他の駆動源を用いても良い。 In this embodiment, only the electromagnetic transducer and the piezoelectric element are illustrated as the vibration drive source of the vibration body. However, the vibration body drive source only needs to be able to efficiently transmit vibration to the vibration body of the present invention. Other drive sources may be used.
また、本実施例では、振動体の中に直接振動駆動源を収める場合、もしくは、振動体の切断面に振動駆動源を取り付ける場合についてのみ述べているが、振動駆動源から振動体へ振動を伝達する方法は、この限りではない。例えば、振動駆動源に振動板を取り付けて、その振動板を振動体へ充てるという方法でも良い。 Further, in this embodiment, only the case where the vibration drive source is housed directly in the vibration body or the case where the vibration drive source is attached to the cut surface of the vibration body is described, but the vibration from the vibration drive source to the vibration body is described. This is not the only way to communicate. For example, a method of attaching a vibration plate to a vibration drive source and filling the vibration plate with a vibration member may be used.
振動板を振動体へ充てる方法を採用する場合は、振動体を切断した切断面に充てても良いし、振動板を切断しないで、振動体表面もしくは振動体の突起や***へそのまま振動板を充てても効率よく振動エネルギーを伝達できることが、発明者による実験で確認されている。 When adopting the method of filling the diaphragm with the vibrating body, it may be applied to the cut surface obtained by cutting the vibrating body, or the diaphragm can be directly applied to the surface of the vibrating body or the protrusions or bumps of the vibrating body without cutting the diaphragm. It has been confirmed by experiments by the inventor that vibration energy can be efficiently transmitted even if it is filled.
また、本実施例では、突起や***を有する振動体を、主に球形や楕円球形として図示しているが、円柱形、カプセル形、双円錐形、ダイヤモンド形など、耳介内の各部位に収まりが良い形状であれば、球形や楕円球に限らない。
Further, in this embodiment, the vibrating body having protrusions and protrusions is mainly illustrated as a spherical shape or an elliptical spherical shape. However, the vibrating body has a cylindrical shape, a capsule shape, a bicone shape, a diamond shape, etc. The shape is not limited to a spherical shape or an elliptical sphere as long as it has a good fit.
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