JP2005348193A - Receiver - Google Patents

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JP2005348193A
JP2005348193A JP2004166644A JP2004166644A JP2005348193A JP 2005348193 A JP2005348193 A JP 2005348193A JP 2004166644 A JP2004166644 A JP 2004166644A JP 2004166644 A JP2004166644 A JP 2004166644A JP 2005348193 A JP2005348193 A JP 2005348193A
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sound
cartilage
ear
handset
transmission path
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Mitsuo Tamura
光男 田村
Yoshiyuki Abe
善幸 阿部
Yuji Hosoi
裕司 細井
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Tokin Corp
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NEC Tokin Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a receiver which is audible with natural sound quality of high articulation regardless of a use environment high in external noise level, and issimple in handling. <P>SOLUTION: A vibrator 11 in the shape of rectangular plate as a sounding part used for a receiver includes a double path transmission function utilizing both an air-conduction first sound transmission path for transmitting sound information to the internal air via the external auditory miatus 21 and the middle ear and a cartilage-conduction second sound transmission path for transmitting sound information to the internal ear via an auricle cartilage and a temporal bone. When the receiver is mounted on a surface of a casing of a hand-held voice communication apparatus to be pressed from the front face of the ear to the auricle, pressure to the auricle 12 is controlled by controlling the power of the hand, and a ratio of air-conduction and cartilage-conduction sound transmission levels of sound information to be transmitted to the internal ear is changed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、主として音声情報を発声して内耳へ伝達するための1つの音発声部を備えた受話器であって、詳しくは気導経由による経路と軟骨導経由による経路との両方を利用した双経路伝達機能を持つ受話器に関する。   The present invention is a receiver having a single sound uttering unit that mainly utters voice information and transmits it to the inner ear, and more specifically, a dual receiver using both a route via air conduction and a route via cartilage conduction. The present invention relates to a handset having a route transmission function.

従来、一般に受話器の基本機能としては、音発声部(スピーカ)を成す振動体の利用方法により気導方式のものと骨導方式のものとの2種類が知られている。気導方式による受話器は、外耳道の入口部に振動体を当てて外耳道,鼓膜を含む中耳伝音系を介する気導経由で音声情報を内耳へ伝達するように設計されている。骨導方式による受話器は、耳の後ろの乳様突起部,下顎骨等の骨組織上の皮膚に振動子を圧着することにより骨組織を介して中耳伝音系を介さずに直接的に音声情報を内耳へ伝達するように設計されている。   Conventionally, as a basic function of a handset, there are generally known two types of an air-conducting type and a bone-conducting type depending on a method of using a vibrating body forming a sound uttering unit (speaker). An air-conducting handset is designed to transmit sound information to the inner ear via air conduction through the middle ear transmission system including the ear canal and the eardrum by applying a vibrating body to the entrance of the ear canal. The bone-conducted handset is directly connected to the skin on the bone tissue, such as the mastoid part behind the ear and the mandible, directly through the bone tissue and not through the middle ear transmission system. Designed to transmit audio information to the inner ear.

気導方式による受話器は汎用的に多く使用されているが、骨導方式による受話器に関連する周知技術としては、例えば骨伝導ヘッドセットが挙げられる(特許文献1参照)。この骨伝導ヘッドセットは、骨伝導スピーカを外耳道の入口部以外の場所に置き、外耳道を開放したままで骨導音による音声情報の聴取ができるようになっている。   The air-conducting handset is widely used in general, but as a well-known technique related to the bone-conducting handset, for example, a bone conduction headset can be cited (see Patent Document 1). In this bone conduction headset, a bone conduction speaker is placed in a place other than the entrance portion of the ear canal, and sound information can be heard by bone conduction sound with the ear canal open.

特開2003−18683号公報(要約、第2頁〜第3頁、図4,図7)Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-18683 (Summary, 2nd to 3rd pages, FIGS. 4 and 7)

上述した特許文献1に係る骨伝導ヘッドセットの場合、外耳道を開放したままで骨導音による音声情報を聴取するものであり、周囲に環境雑音があるとこの環境雑音が開放されている外耳道の入口部から気導音として入り、しばしば骨導音として内耳に伝達される音声信号が外耳道経由で内耳に伝達される環境騒音によりマスキングされることがあるため、例えば交通機関のプラットホーム等の騒音レベルの高い使用環境下では使用に適さないという問題がある。   In the case of the bone conduction headset according to Patent Document 1 described above, audio information by bone conduction sound is listened with the external auditory canal open. If there is environmental noise around the external auditory canal, The sound signal that enters as air conduction sound from the entrance and is often transmitted to the inner ear as bone conduction sound may be masked by the environmental noise transmitted to the inner ear via the ear canal. There is a problem that it is not suitable for use in a high usage environment.

そこで、このような骨伝導ヘッドセットの場合、騒音レベルの高い使用環境下での使用が困難であると、使用者が耳介の後側の乳様突起部等に骨伝導スピーカを当てて聴取するときに同時に指で外耳道の入口部を閉塞するように操作すれば、環境騒音によるマスキングの問題を対策できるが、このように使用環境下に応じて使用者による操作の手間を別途に要することは受話器の取り扱い上において煩雑を伴う不便なものとなっている。又、一般に骨導音は気導音と比べて音質や語音明瞭度の点で劣るため、現状の骨伝導スピーカ(或いはそれを用いた受話器)が気伝導スピーカ(或いはそれを用いた受話器)よりも優れている点は少ないということもあり、骨導方式の基本機能を充分に活かし切れていないという問題もある。   Therefore, in the case of such a bone conduction headset, if it is difficult to use in a usage environment with a high noise level, the user places a bone conduction speaker on the milky protrusion on the back side of the auricle and listens to it. At the same time, if you operate your finger so that the entrance of the ear canal is closed, you can take measures against masking due to environmental noise. However, this requires additional user intervention depending on the usage environment. Is inconvenient and complicated in handling the handset. In general, bone conduction sound is inferior in sound quality and speech intelligibility compared to air conduction sound, so the current bone conduction speaker (or a receiver using the same) is better than the air conduction speaker (or a receiver using the same). However, there are also problems that the basic functions of the bone conduction system are not fully utilized.

本発明は、このような問題点を解決すべくなされたもので、その技術的課題は、外部の騒音レベルが高い場合等の使用環境下に拘らず明瞭度の良い自然な音質で音声聴取できると共に、取り扱いが簡易な受話器を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and the technical problem is that it is possible to listen to a sound with a natural sound quality with high clarity regardless of the usage environment such as when the external noise level is high. Another object is to provide a handset that is easy to handle.

本発明によれば、音声情報を発声して内耳へ伝達するための1つの音発声部を備えた受話器において、音発声部は、外耳道,中耳を介して内耳へ音声情報を伝達するための気導経由による第1の音伝達経路と、耳介軟骨,側頭骨を介して内耳へ音声情報を伝達するための軟骨導経由による第2の音伝達経路との両方を利用する双経路伝達機能を持つ受話器が得られる。   According to the present invention, in the handset including one sound uttering unit for uttering and transmitting sound information to the inner ear, the sound uttering unit transmits sound information to the inner ear via the external auditory canal and the middle ear. A dual-path transmission function that uses both the first sound transmission path via air conduction and the second sound transmission path via cartilage conduction for transmitting voice information to the inner ear via the auricular cartilage and temporal bone A handset with is obtained.

又、本発明によれば、上記受話器において、双経路伝達機能は、音発声部の耳介軟骨に対して圧着する力を増減することにより内耳に伝達される音声情報の第1の音伝達経路と第2の音伝達経路とにおける音伝達レベルの比率を調整変更可能である受話器が得られる。   According to the present invention, in the handset, the dual-path transmission function is configured such that the first sound transmission path of the voice information transmitted to the inner ear by increasing / decreasing the pressure applied to the auricular cartilage of the sound producing unit. And a second sound transmission path, a handset that can adjust and change the ratio of the sound transmission level is obtained.

更に、本発明によれば、上記何れかの受話器において、音発声部は、圧電バイモルフと可撓性物質とを複合して成る振動体、圧電ユニモルフと可撓性物質とを複合して成る振動体、電磁型の振動体の何れか一つである受話器が得られる。   Furthermore, according to the present invention, in any one of the above-described receivers, the sound uttering unit includes a vibration body formed by combining a piezoelectric bimorph and a flexible material, and a vibration formed by combining a piezoelectric unimorph and a flexible material. A handset that is one of a body and an electromagnetic vibrator is obtained.

加えて、本発明によれば、上記受話器において、振動体を外耳道の入口部に近接させて耳介に接触させるための支持部を備えた受話器が得られる。   In addition, according to the present invention, in the above-described handset, a handset provided with a support portion for bringing a vibrating body into contact with the auricle close to the entrance portion of the ear canal can be obtained.

一方、本発明によれば、上記何れか一つの受話器を備えて成る音声コミュニケーション機器、又は電話機、或いは聴覚補助装置が得られる。   On the other hand, according to the present invention, a voice communication device, a telephone, or a hearing aid device that includes any one of the above receivers can be obtained.

本発明の受話器の場合、外耳道の入口部に音発声部を成す振動体(スピーカ)を置くことにより音声情報を内耳へ気導経由により伝達する第1の音伝達経路と、耳介軟骨に振動体を圧着させることにより軟骨から骨を介して音声情報を内耳へ軟骨導経由により伝達する第2の音伝達経路との両方を利用する双経路伝達機能を持つことを基本とした上、双経路伝達機能において、音発声部の耳介軟骨に対して圧着する力を増減することにより内耳に伝達される音声情報の第1の音伝達経路と第2の音伝達経路とにおける音伝達レベルの比率を調整変更可能としているので、従来の受話器のように気導方式又は骨導方式の何れかの範疇に属するものでなく、これらの基本機能を適度に合わせ持つものとなることにより、外部の騒音レベルが高い場合等の使用環境下に拘らず明瞭度の良い自然な音質で音声聴取できるようになると共に、取り扱いが簡易なものとなり、従来に無く骨導方式の基本機能についても充分に活かし切れるようになる。   In the case of the handset of the present invention, the first sound transmission path for transmitting voice information to the inner ear via air conduction by placing a vibrating body (speaker) that forms a sound producing part at the entrance of the ear canal, and vibration to the auricular cartilage It is based on having a dual path transmission function using both the second sound transmission path for transmitting voice information from the cartilage through the bone to the inner ear by cartilage guidance by crimping the body. In the transmission function, the ratio of the sound transmission level in the first sound transmission path and the second sound transmission path of the sound information transmitted to the inner ear by increasing or decreasing the pressure applied to the auricular cartilage of the sound producing part Because it can be adjusted and changed, it does not belong to either the air conduction system or the bone conduction system as in the conventional handset. High level Together we will be able to voice listening in a natural sound quality used good clarity regardless of the environment etc., handling is made simple, so that even cut - taking advantage enough for the basic functions of without bone conduction system in the prior art.

本発明の最良の形態に係る受話器は、音声情報を発声して内耳へ伝達するための1つの音発声部を備えた基本構成にあって、音発声部において、外耳道,中耳を介して内耳へ音声情報を伝達するための気導経由による第1の音伝達経路と、耳介軟骨,側頭骨を介して内耳へ音声情報を伝達するための軟骨導経由による第2の音伝達経路との両方を利用する双経路伝達機能を持たせたものである。但し、この双経路伝達機能は、音発声部の耳介軟骨に対して圧着する力を増減することにより内耳に伝達される音声情報の第1の音伝達経路と第2の音伝達経路とにおける音伝達レベルの比率を調整変更可能であることが望ましい。又、音発声部には、圧電バイモルフと可撓性物質とを複合して成る振動体、圧電ユニモルフと可撓性物質とを複合して成る振動体、電磁型の振動体の何れか一つを用いることが可能であり、更に、こうした振動体を外耳道の入口部に近接させて耳介に接触させるための支持部を備えることが構造上において好ましい。   The handset according to the best mode of the present invention has a basic configuration including one sound uttering unit for uttering voice information and transmitting it to the inner ear. In the sound uttering unit, the inner ear is passed through the external auditory canal and the middle ear. A first sound transmission path via air conduction for transmitting sound information to the head, and a second sound transmission path via cartilage conduction for transmitting sound information to the inner ear via the auricular cartilage and temporal bone It has a dual-path transmission function that uses both. However, this dual-path transmission function is used in the first sound transmission path and the second sound transmission path of the audio information transmitted to the inner ear by increasing or decreasing the pressure to press against the auricular cartilage of the sound producing part. It is desirable that the ratio of the sound transmission level can be adjusted and changed. In addition, the sound producing part includes any one of a vibrating body formed by combining a piezoelectric bimorph and a flexible material, a vibrating body formed by combining a piezoelectric unimorph and a flexible material, and an electromagnetic type vibrating body. Further, it is preferable in terms of the structure to include a support portion for bringing the vibrating body into contact with the auricle close to the entrance portion of the ear canal.

即ち、本発明の受話器は、電磁型,圧電型等から成る電気音響変換器の振動体を音発声部として用いることを基本とし、1つの振動体から放射する空中音波と音響振動とをそれぞれ気導経由による第1の音伝達経路と軟骨導経由による第1の音伝達経路との両方を介して内耳に音声情報を伝達する双経路伝達機能を有するものであるが、ここでの振動体の寸法は耳介の幅又は長さと同程度にすることが可能であり、耳介に押し当てて使用するのに好都合である。又、振動体を耳介に押し当てる力を増減することにより、気導経由と軟骨導経由とにおける音声情報の音伝達レベルの比率を調整できるため、外耳道内に入る外部からの騒音量を使用環境下に応じて適度に調整すれば良く、例えば外部の騒音量が大きい使用環境下では耳介に受話器を強く圧着するようにして軟骨導経由による音声情報の音伝達レベルを増加させると共に外部騒音が外耳道内に入ることを遮断し、逆に外部の騒音量が小さい静かな使用環境下では耳介に受話器を押し当てる力を弱めるようにして耳介軟骨に伝達される音声情報の音伝達レベルを減少させて最も生理的な気導経由による音声情報を主体とし、且つ外耳道の入口部を完全に閉鎖しないようにして自然な音感覚を得ることができる。従って、係る受話器によれば、外部の騒音レベルの如何に拘らず簡易に明瞭度の良い自然な音質で音声聴取できる。   That is, the handset of the present invention is based on using an electroacoustic transducer composed of an electromagnetic type, a piezoelectric type or the like as a sound uttering unit. It has a dual-path transmission function for transmitting audio information to the inner ear via both the first sound transmission path via the lead and the first sound transmission path via the cartilage lead. The dimensions can be comparable to the width or length of the pinna and are convenient to use against the pinna. In addition, by adjusting the force with which the vibrating body is pressed against the auricle, the ratio of the sound transmission level of the voice information via air conduction and cartilage conduction can be adjusted, so the amount of external noise entering the ear canal is used. It may be adjusted appropriately according to the environment.For example, in a usage environment where the amount of external noise is large, the sound transmission level of the voice information via the cartilage guide is increased and the external noise is increased by strongly pressing the receiver to the auricle. Sound transmission level of audio information transmitted to the auricular cartilage by reducing the force of pressing the receiver against the auricle in a quiet environment where the amount of external noise is low Therefore, it is possible to obtain a natural sound sensation by making sound information mainly through the most physiological air conduction and not completely closing the entrance of the ear canal. Therefore, according to such a handset, it is possible to listen to a voice with a natural sound quality with a high degree of clarity regardless of the external noise level.

図1は、本発明の受話器に用いられる矩形板状の振動子11による音声振動が内耳の知覚細胞に伝達される様子を示した模式図である。又、図2は、この振動体11が耳介12に押し当てられた状態を耳の正面方向から示した模式図である。但し、振動体11の形状,大きさ,配置(位置)は図示された形態に限定されるものではない。   FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which sound vibration by a rectangular plate-like vibrator 11 used in the handset of the present invention is transmitted to a sensory cell of the inner ear. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the vibrating body 11 is pressed against the auricle 12 from the front direction of the ear. However, the shape, size, and arrangement (position) of the vibrating body 11 are not limited to the illustrated form.

以下は、これらの図1及び図2を参照して、振動体11が耳介12に適度に押し当てられた状態で音声振動が人体の耳において、どのように聴覚として知覚されるかを説明する。但し、図1及び図2中において、電気的な結線類は省略してある。   In the following, with reference to these FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, it will be described how sound vibration is perceived as hearing in the human ear with the vibration body 11 being appropriately pressed against the auricle 12. To do. However, in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the electrical connections are omitted.

先ず、ここでの振動体11は、音声情報を乗せた電気信号を機械的な振動に変換する音発声部であり、それは圧電バイモルフと可撓性物質とを複合して成るか、圧電ユニモルフと可撓性物質とを複合して成るか、或いは電磁型電気音響変換器から成るものであり、何れについても電気音響変換機能を持つものである。   First, the vibrating body 11 is a sound uttering unit that converts an electrical signal carrying voice information into mechanical vibration, which is composed of a composite of a piezoelectric bimorph and a flexible material, or a piezoelectric unimorph. It is composed of a composite with a flexible material or an electromagnetic electroacoustic transducer, and each has an electroacoustic transducing function.

音声情報の気導経由による第1の音伝達経路では、振動体11で発生した音声振動が耳介12のほぼ中央にある外耳道21の空気を介して鼓膜22を振動させ、この振動が槌骨,砧骨,及び鐙骨から成る耳小骨23に伝達されると、前庭窓24を経て蝸牛25にある知覚細胞で微弱な電気信号に変換されから蝸牛神経(聴神経)26によって脳に送られ、脳内で音声として認識される。   In the first sound transmission path via the air conduction of the sound information, the sound vibration generated by the vibrating body 11 vibrates the eardrum 22 through the air in the external auditory canal 21 at the approximate center of the pinna 12, and this vibration is the rib. , Ribs, and transmitted to the ossicle 23 composed of the ribs, it is converted into a weak electrical signal by sensory cells in the cochlea 25 through the vestibular window 24 and then sent to the brain by the cochlear nerve (auditory nerve) 26, Recognized as speech in the brain.

音声情報の軟骨導経由による第2の音伝達経路では、振動体11からの音声振動が耳介12や耳珠の軟骨に伝導される。これらの軟骨は側頭骨に繋がっているので、軟骨に伝導された音声振動は側頭骨に伝わってから内耳に達し、蝸牛25にある知覚細胞で電気信号に変換されてから蝸牛神経(聴神経)26によって脳に送られ、脳内で音声として認識される。   In the second sound transmission path via the cartilage guide of the voice information, the voice vibration from the vibrating body 11 is conducted to the auricle 12 and the cartilage of the tragus. Since these cartilages are connected to the temporal bone, the sound vibrations transmitted to the cartilage reach the inner ear after being transmitted to the temporal bone, and are converted into electrical signals by sensory cells in the cochlea 25 and then the cochlear nerve (auditory nerve) 26. Is sent to the brain and recognized as speech in the brain.

図3は、振動体11が使用される耳の軟骨導経由による第2の音伝達経路を説明するために外耳を断面にして示した模式図である。   FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a cross section of the outer ear in order to explain the second sound transmission path via the ear cartilage guide in which the vibrating body 11 is used.

この第2の伝達経路について、図3を参照して更に詳細に説明する。先の図1に示した外耳道21には空気31が満たされ、外耳道21の外側周囲には耳介軟骨や耳珠軟骨から成る軟骨部32が存在し、その内側(奥側)は骨部(側頭骨)33と繋がっているが、軟骨導経由の音伝達経路では外耳道21の空気31を介さない。   The second transmission path will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. The ear canal 21 shown in FIG. 1 is filled with air 31, and a cartilage portion 32 made of auricular cartilage or tragus cartilage is present around the outer periphery of the ear canal 21. (Temporal bone) 33, but the sound transmission path via the cartilage guide does not pass the air 31 of the ear canal 21.

そこで、騒音レベルの大きい使用環境下において、振動体11を耳介12に強く押し当てると、軟骨導経由による第2の音伝達経路では、音声情報の音伝達レベルが増加すると共に、外耳道21の入口部付近は耳珠や耳介12の一部で覆われて外耳道の入口部が外部と遮断され、外部の騒音等が外耳道21内に侵入し難くなる。従って、騒音レベルの大きい使用環境下においては振動体11を耳介12に強く押し当てるようにすることにより、外部の騒音の外耳道21内への侵入を抑制し、且つ軟骨伝導に伴う音声信号を増大させることができる。こうした両方の作用が相まって、信号対ノイズ比(S/N比)が大幅に改善して音声の明瞭度が向上するようになる。   Therefore, when the vibrating body 11 is strongly pressed against the auricle 12 in a usage environment with a high noise level, the sound transmission level of the audio information increases in the second sound transmission path via the cartilage guide, and The vicinity of the entrance is covered with a part of the tragus or the auricle 12 so that the entrance of the external auditory canal is blocked from the outside, and external noise or the like hardly enters the external auditory canal 21. Therefore, in a use environment with a high noise level, the vibrator 11 is strongly pressed against the auricle 12 to suppress the entry of external noise into the external auditory canal 21 and to generate an audio signal accompanying cartilage conduction. Can be increased. Together, these two actions greatly improve the signal-to-noise ratio (S / N ratio) and improve the intelligibility of speech.

これに対し、静かな使用環境下において、振動体11を軽く耳介に押し当てると、軟骨導経由による第2の音伝達経路では、軟骨に伝えられる音声情報の音伝達レベルが減少すると共に、生理的な音声伝達経路である気導経由による第1の音伝達経路における音声情報の音伝達レベルの方の比率が大きくなり、しかも振動体11の圧着力が弱いことにより外耳道21の入口部は完全に閉塞されることがないため、気導を主体とした耳閉感を伴わない自然な音聴取を行うことができる。   On the other hand, when the vibrating body 11 is lightly pressed against the auricle in a quiet use environment, the sound transmission level of the voice information transmitted to the cartilage is reduced in the second sound transmission path via the cartilage guide, The ratio of the sound transmission level of the sound information in the first sound transmission path via air conduction, which is a physiological sound transmission path, becomes larger, and the pressure-bonding force of the vibrating body 11 is weak, so that the entrance portion of the ear canal 21 is Since it is not completely occluded, it is possible to perform natural sound listening that is not accompanied by an ear-closed feeling mainly composed of air conduction.

図4は、本発明の実施例1に係る受話器を備えた音声コミュニケーション機器を示した斜視図である。   FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a voice communication device including the handset according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

この音声コミュニケーション機器は、携帯電話機,PHS,固定電話機等の各種電話機の筐体43の外面に弾性部材44を介して矩形板状の振動体11が取り付けられて構成されている。因みに、ここでの弾性部材44は、振動体11を外耳道21の入口部に近接させて耳介12に接触させるための支持部として機能する。   This voice communication device is configured such that a rectangular plate-like vibrating body 11 is attached to an outer surface of a housing 43 of various telephones such as a mobile phone, a PHS, and a fixed telephone via an elastic member 44. Incidentally, the elastic member 44 here functions as a support portion for bringing the vibrating body 11 into contact with the auricle 12 in the vicinity of the entrance portion of the ear canal 21.

この振動体11は、圧電バイモルフと可撓性物質とから成るもので、その寸法は長さ32mm×幅8mm×厚さ4mmとなっている。振動体11の細部構造は、金属弾性板から成るシムの両面に圧電セラミック板が接着された上、更にその両面に可撓性物質としてのポリウレタンが厚さ約2mmの被覆層として形成された圧電バイモルフの構造となっている。   The vibrating body 11 is made of a piezoelectric bimorph and a flexible material, and has dimensions of length 32 mm × width 8 mm × thickness 4 mm. The detailed structure of the vibrator 11 is a piezoelectric in which a piezoelectric ceramic plate is bonded to both sides of a shim made of a metal elastic plate, and polyurethane as a flexible material is formed on both sides as a coating layer having a thickness of about 2 mm. It has a bimorph structure.

振動体11の基本動作は、一方の圧電セラミック板が長手方向に伸張するとき、他方の圧電セラミック板が長手方向に収縮するように電圧印加されることによりバイモルフ振動が発生するものである。又、ポリウレタンの被覆層の厚さにより共振周波数とQ値とが設定され、気導経由による第1の音伝達経路と軟骨導経由による第2の音伝達経路との両方における音響放射特性を満足するように設計されている。但し、振動体11の基本構造として、その形状や寸法、或いはシムの材質,接着の方法等は例示したものに限定されない。   The basic operation of the vibrator 11 is that when one piezoelectric ceramic plate extends in the longitudinal direction, a voltage is applied so that the other piezoelectric ceramic plate contracts in the longitudinal direction, thereby generating bimorph vibration. Also, the resonance frequency and the Q value are set by the thickness of the polyurethane coating layer, and satisfy the acoustic radiation characteristics in both the first sound transmission path via air conduction and the second sound transmission path via cartilage conduction. Designed to be. However, the basic structure of the vibrating body 11 is not limited to the shape and dimensions, the shim material, the bonding method, and the like.

この音声コミュニケーション機器の場合、筐体43を使用者が手で支持して振動体11を耳介12に押し当てる力を加減し、外耳道21及び中耳を介して内耳に音声情報を伝達する気導経由による第1の音伝達経路と、耳介軟骨の軟骨部32及び骨部(側頭骨)33を介して内耳に音声情報を伝達する軟骨導経由による第2の音伝達経路とにおける音伝達レベルの比率を調整することにより、使用環境下に応じて外部からの騒音レベルに対処することができる。   In the case of this voice communication device, the user supports the casing 43 with his / her hand and adjusts the force to press the vibrating body 11 against the auricle 12, so that voice information is transmitted to the inner ear via the ear canal 21 and the middle ear. Sound transmission in the first sound transmission path via the lead and the second sound transmission path via the cartilage lead that transmits voice information to the inner ear via the cartilage portion 32 and the bone portion (temporal bone) 33 of the auricular cartilage. By adjusting the level ratio, it is possible to cope with the noise level from the outside according to the use environment.

具体的に言えば、交通機関のプラットホームや交通量の多い道路際等の騒音レベルが高い場所では強く押し当てるようにすれば良く、こうした場合には音声振動が耳介軟骨の軟骨部32に大きく伝わり、しかも外耳道21は閉鎖されるため、外部からの騒音が妨げられてS/N比が向上し、音声情報の語音における明瞭度が上がるようになる。   More specifically, it may be strongly pressed in places where the noise level is high, such as on a transportation platform or on a road with a lot of traffic. In such a case, sound vibration is greatly applied to the cartilage portion 32 of the auricular cartilage. In addition, since the external auditory canal 21 is closed, noise from the outside is hindered, the S / N ratio is improved, and the intelligibility of the speech information is increased.

これに対し、騒音レベルが比較的低い場所では押し当てる力を弱めるようにすれば良く、こうした場合には耳介軟骨の軟骨部32に伝わる音声振動が減少し、相対的に生理的な音伝達経路である気導経由による第1の音伝達経路からの音声情報が増加し、又外耳道21は完全に閉鎖されないために自然な音感覚が得られる。   On the other hand, it is only necessary to weaken the pressing force in a place where the noise level is relatively low. In such a case, the sound vibration transmitted to the cartilage portion 32 of the auricular cartilage is reduced, and relatively physiological sound transmission is performed. The voice information from the first sound transmission path via the air conduction that is the path increases, and the external auditory canal 21 is not completely closed, so that a natural sound sensation can be obtained.

尚、図2に示したように振動体11を耳介12の上下方向に対して振動体11の長手方向がほぼ直交する状態を得ることが使用状態の基本となるが、振動体11の長手方向の方位を変えるように配置すると耳介12の形に起因して異なる聴感が得られるため、実際の使用時には適当な方位を選択することが望ましい。   As shown in FIG. 2, the basic condition of use is that the vibrating body 11 is in a state where the longitudinal direction of the vibrating body 11 is substantially orthogonal to the vertical direction of the auricle 12. If the azimuth of the direction is changed, a different audibility can be obtained due to the shape of the pinna 12. Therefore, it is desirable to select an appropriate azimuth in actual use.

図5は、本発明の実施例2に係る受話器を示した斜視図である。この受話器は、圧電バイモルフの振動体11の一対のものが支持枠55によって弾性的に支持された上、それぞれ切り替え型ばね機構56を介して後頭部用の頭部固定バンド57に両方の端部に固定されることにより電子機器用のヘッドフォンとして構成されている。因みに、ここでの支持枠55及び切り替え型ばね機構56は、協働して振動体11を外耳道21の入口部に近接させて耳介12に接触させるための支持部として機能する。   FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a handset according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In this handset, a pair of piezoelectric bimorph vibrating bodies 11 are elastically supported by a support frame 55, and are respectively connected to a head fixing band 57 for the occipital region via a switching spring mechanism 56 at both ends. By being fixed, it is configured as a headphone for an electronic device. Incidentally, the support frame 55 and the switching type spring mechanism 56 here function as a support unit for bringing the vibrating body 11 into contact with the auricle 12 in proximity to the entrance of the ear canal 21 in cooperation.

このヘッドフォンタイプの受話器を使用する場合、頭部固定バンド57の本体部分を後頭部に当接させながらその両端部を耳介12の上側に配置し、一対の振動体11をそれぞれ外耳道21の正面から耳介12に当接させれば良いものである。このとき、切り替え型ばね機構56により振動体11が耳介12を当接する力を調整し、実施例1で説明した場合と同様に、外耳道21及び中耳を介して内耳に音声情報を伝達する気導経由による第1の音伝達経路と、耳介軟骨の軟骨部32及び骨部(側頭骨)33を介して内耳に音声情報を伝達する軟骨導経由による第2の音伝達経路とにおける音伝達レベルの比率を調整することにより、使用環境下に応じて外部からの騒音レベルに対処することができる。   When using this headphone-type receiver, both ends of the head-fixing band 57 are placed on the upper side of the auricle 12 while the main body of the head-fixing band 57 is in contact with the back of the head, and the pair of vibrators 11 are respectively viewed from the front of the ear canal 21. What is necessary is just to contact | abut to the pinna 12. At this time, the force with which the vibrating body 11 abuts the auricle 12 is adjusted by the switching spring mechanism 56, and audio information is transmitted to the inner ear via the external auditory canal 21 and the middle ear in the same manner as described in the first embodiment. Sound in the first sound transmission path via the air conduction and the second sound transmission path via the cartilage conduction that transmits voice information to the inner ear via the cartilage portion 32 and the bone portion (temporal bone) 33 of the auricular cartilage. By adjusting the ratio of the transmission level, it is possible to cope with the noise level from the outside according to the use environment.

従って、このヘッドフォンタイプの受話器においても、実施例1で説明した場合と同様に、騒音レベルが高い場所では強く押し当ることにより外部からの騒音が妨げられてS/N比が向上し、音声情報の語音における明瞭度が上がるようにし、騒音レベルが比較的低い場所では押し当てる力を弱めることにより第1の音伝達経路からの音声情報が増加して自然な音感覚が得られるようにすることができる。   Therefore, also in this headphone type handset, as in the case described in the first embodiment, strong noise is pressed in a place where the noise level is high to prevent external noise and improve the S / N ratio. To improve the intelligibility of the sound of the voice, and to reduce the force of pressing in a place where the noise level is relatively low, so that the voice information from the first sound transmission path increases and a natural sound sensation can be obtained. Can do.

尚、上述した実施例1に係る音声コミュニケーション機器や実施例2に係る受話器の場合、振動体11に圧電バイモルフを用いた場合を説明したが、圧電バイモルフに代えて圧電ユニモルフを使用することも可能である。又、振動体11として、電磁型電気音響変換器を用いても、同様に使用環境下に応じて気導経由による第1の音伝達経路と軟骨導経由による第2の音伝達経路とにおける音伝達レベルの比率を調整して外部からの騒音レベルに適した設定を行うことができる。更に、振動体11の形状を矩形として説明したが、振動体11については、耳介12の大きさに応じて気導経由による第1の音伝達経路と軟骨導経由による第2の音伝達経路とを十分に確保できると共に、外部からの騒音レベルに応じて耳介12に押し当てる力を加減することにより外耳道21の入口部を耳珠等で塞ぎ得る条件を満たせば、その種類,形状,大きさ,配置(位置)は上述した形態のものに限定されない。   In the case of the voice communication device according to the first embodiment described above and the receiver according to the second embodiment, the case where the piezoelectric bimorph is used as the vibrating body 11 has been described. However, a piezoelectric unimorph can be used instead of the piezoelectric bimorph. It is. In addition, even when an electromagnetic electroacoustic transducer is used as the vibrating body 11, the sound in the first sound transmission path via air conduction and the second sound transmission path via cartilage conduction similarly in accordance with the use environment. The transmission level ratio can be adjusted to make a setting suitable for the external noise level. Furthermore, although the shape of the vibrating body 11 has been described as a rectangle, the vibrating body 11 has a first sound transmission path via air conduction and a second sound transmission path via cartilage guidance according to the size of the auricle 12. If the condition that the entrance of the external auditory canal 21 is closed with a tragus or the like by adjusting the force applied to the pinna 12 according to the noise level from the outside is satisfied, the type, shape, The size and arrangement (position) are not limited to those described above.

本発明の受話器の場合、上述した音声コミュニケーション機器としての電話機や電子機器用の受話器への適用が有効である他、補聴器等の聴覚障害者用の補助機器に代表される聴覚補助装置への適用も有効である。   In the case of the handset of the present invention, it is effective to be applied to the above-described telephone as a voice communication device and a handset for electronic equipment, and also to a hearing aid device typified by an assistive device such as a hearing aid. Is also effective.

本発明の受話器に用いられる矩形板状の振動子による音声振動が内耳の知覚細胞に伝達される様子を示した模式図である。It is the schematic diagram which showed a mode that the audio | voice vibration by the rectangular plate-shaped vibrator used for the receiver of this invention was transmitted to the perception cell of an inner ear. 図1に示した振動体が耳介に押し当てられた状態を耳の正面方向から示した模式図である。It is the schematic diagram which showed the state by which the vibrating body shown in FIG. 1 was pressed on the pinna from the front direction of the ear. 図1に示した振動体が使用される耳の軟骨導経由による音伝達経路を説明するために外耳を断面にして示した模式図である。It is the schematic diagram which showed the outer ear in cross section in order to explain the sound transmission path via the cartilage guide of the ear in which the vibrating body shown in FIG. 1 is used. 本発明の実施例1に係る受話器を備えた音声コミュニケーション機器を示した斜視図である。It is the perspective view which showed the audio | voice communication apparatus provided with the receiver based on Example 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施例2に係る受話器を示した斜視図である。It is the perspective view which showed the receiver based on Example 2 of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

11 振動体
12 耳介
21 外耳道
22 鼓膜
23 耳小骨
24 前庭窓
25 蝸牛
26 蝸牛神経(聴神経)
31 空気
32 軟骨部
33 骨部
43 筐体
44 弾性部材
55 支持枠
56 切り替え型ばね機構
57 後頭部固定バンド
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Vibrating body 12 Auricle 21 External auditory canal 22 Tympanic membrane 23 Ear ossicle 24 Vestibular window 25 Cochlea 26 Cochlear nerve (auditory nerve)
31 Air 32 Cartilage part 33 Bone part 43 Case 44 Elastic member 55 Support frame 56 Switching type spring mechanism 57 Occipital region fixing band

Claims (7)

音声情報を発声して内耳へ伝達するための1つの音発声部を備えた受話器において、前記音発声部は、外耳道,中耳を介して前記内耳へ前記音声情報を伝達するための気導経由による第1の音伝達経路と、耳介軟骨,側頭骨を介して前記内耳へ前記音声情報を伝達するための軟骨導経由による第2の音伝達経路との両方を利用する双経路伝達機能を持つことを特徴とする受話器。   In a handset including one sound utterance unit for uttering and transmitting sound information to the inner ear, the sound utterance unit passes through air guide for transmitting the sound information to the inner ear via the external auditory canal and the middle ear. A dual-path transmission function that utilizes both the first sound transmission path by the horn and the second sound transmission path via the cartilage guide for transmitting the audio information to the inner ear via the auricular cartilage and the temporal bone Handset characterized by having. 請求項1記載の受話器において、前記双経路伝達機能は、前記音発声部の前記耳介軟骨に対して圧着する力を増減することにより前記内耳に伝達される前記音声情報の前記第1の音伝達経路と前記第2の音伝達経路とにおける音伝達レベルの比率を調整変更可能であることを特徴とする受話器。   2. The handset according to claim 1, wherein the dual-path transmission function is configured to increase or decrease a force of the sound uttering unit to press against the auricular cartilage to increase or decrease the first sound of the audio information transmitted to the inner ear. A receiver, wherein a ratio of a sound transmission level between a transmission path and the second sound transmission path can be adjusted and changed. 請求項1又は2記載の受話器において、前記音発声部は、圧電バイモルフと可撓性物質とを複合して成る振動体、圧電ユニモルフと可撓性物質とを複合して成る振動体、電磁型の振動体の何れか一つであることを特徴とする受話器。   3. The handset according to claim 1, wherein the sound uttering unit includes a vibrating body formed by combining a piezoelectric bimorph and a flexible material, a vibrating body formed by combining a piezoelectric unimorph and a flexible material, and an electromagnetic type. A handset characterized by being any one of the vibrators. 請求項3記載の受話器において、前記振動体を前記外耳道の入口部に近接させて耳介に接触させるための支持部を備えたこと特徴とする受話器。   4. The receiver according to claim 3, further comprising a support portion for bringing the vibrating body into contact with an auricle adjacent to an entrance portion of the ear canal. 請求項1〜4の何れか一つに記載の受話器を備えて成ることを特徴とする音声コミュニケーション機器。   A voice communication device comprising the receiver according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 請求項1〜4の何れか一つに記載の受話器を備えて成ることを特徴とする電話機。   A telephone set comprising the handset according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 請求項1〜4の何れか一つに記載の受話器を備えて成ることを特徴とする聴覚補助装置。

A hearing aid device comprising the receiver according to claim 1.

JP2004166644A 2004-06-04 2004-06-04 Receiver Pending JP2005348193A (en)

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