JP5465053B2 - Work separation device - Google Patents

Work separation device Download PDF

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JP5465053B2
JP5465053B2 JP2010067424A JP2010067424A JP5465053B2 JP 5465053 B2 JP5465053 B2 JP 5465053B2 JP 2010067424 A JP2010067424 A JP 2010067424A JP 2010067424 A JP2010067424 A JP 2010067424A JP 5465053 B2 JP5465053 B2 JP 5465053B2
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fluid
workpiece
container
flow rate
cutting waste
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JP2011194555A (en
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浩史 粕谷
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Citizen Holdings Co Ltd
Citizen Machinery Miyano Co Ltd
Citizen Watch Co Ltd
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Citizen Holdings Co Ltd
Citizen Machinery Miyano Co Ltd
Citizen Watch Co Ltd
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Description

この発明は、各種工作機械で加工されたワークとその加工時に発生する切削屑とを、分離するためのワーク分離装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a workpiece separating device for separating a workpiece machined by various machine tools and cutting waste generated during the machining.

微細加工用の旋盤やフライス盤などの各種工作機械で加工される例えば時計部品等のワークは、ミリ単位の大きさであるため、加工後に切削屑と分離して取り出すのが困難であり、それらの混合物として取り出されることが多い。
その混合物からワークを分離して取り出すには、水洗や篩い分け、振動板による分離などの方法があるが、ワークと切削屑とは同じ金属であるから比重が同じであり、切削屑は種々の形状のものが混在しているため、精度よく且つ効率よく分離するのは困難であった。そのため、最終的には目視による選別が必要になっていた。 Since workpieces such as watch parts that are machined by various machine tools such as lathes and milling machines for micromachining are in units of millimeters, it is difficult to separate them from cutting waste after machining. Often removed as a mixture.
There are methods such as washing with water, sieving and separation with a diaphragm to separate and remove the workpiece from the mixture, but since the workpiece and the cutting waste are the same metal, the specific gravity is the same. Because of the presence of shapes, it was difficult to separate accurately and efficiently. Therefore, finally, visual selection has become necessary.

一方、バレル式メッキ法によってメッキされたチップ部品と、そのメッキ時に使用されたメディアとを分離するために、例えば特許文献１に開示されている分離装置が提案されている。   On the other hand, in order to separate a chip component plated by a barrel plating method and a medium used at the time of the plating, for example, a separation device disclosed in Patent Document 1 has been proposed.

その分離装置は、内部に液体を貯留した分離容器の上部から、チップ部品とメディアとの混合物を投入して沈降させ、その沈降途中の混合物に対し交差方向に液流を衝突させ、メディアを分離容器の下方へ沈降させて分離容器の下部で回収するとともに、チップ部品を液流とともにメディアから分離して分離容器の上部に設けた分岐流路を通して回収するように構成されている。   The separation device throws a mixture of chip parts and media from the upper part of the separation container that stores the liquid in the interior, causes the mixture to settle, and causes the liquid flow to collide with the mixture in the middle of the sedimentation to separate the media. It is configured to sink to the lower part of the container and collect it at the lower part of the separation container, and separate the chip components from the medium together with the liquid flow and collect it through a branch channel provided at the upper part of the separation container.

特開２００７−３３０８５５号公報JP 2007-330855 A

そこで、この特許文献１に開示されているような分離装置を使用して、ワークと切削屑とを分離することが考えられる。
しかしながらこの分離装置は、分離容器内を沈降途中の混合物に対し交差方向に液流を衝突させる際に、その液流となる流動体の流量が分離性能を大きく左右する。特に比重が同じ物を分離するには、流動体の流量が極めて重要になる。
ところが、特許文献１にはその流動体の流量を何に基づいてどのように設定するのかについて、何も開示されていない。そのため、このような分離装置を使用してワークと切削屑との分離を行っても、精度よく且つ効率よく分離することはできなかった。 Then, it is possible to separate | separate a workpiece | work and cutting waste using the separation apparatus which is disclosed by this patent document 1. FIG.
However, in this separation apparatus, when the liquid flow collides with the mixture in the middle of settling in the separation container in the crossing direction, the flow rate of the fluid as the liquid flow greatly affects the separation performance. In particular, in order to separate the same specific gravity, the flow rate of the fluid is extremely important.
However, Patent Document 1 does not disclose anything about how to set the flow rate of the fluid based on what. For this reason, even when the workpiece and the cutting waste are separated using such a separation apparatus, it has not been possible to separate the workpiece accurately and efficiently.

この発明は、このような背景に鑑みてなされたものであり、各種工作機械で加工されたワークとその加工時に発生する切削屑との混合物から、ワークを精度よく且つ効率よく容易に分離できるようにすることを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of such a background, so that a workpiece can be easily and accurately and efficiently separated from a mixture of a workpiece processed by various machine tools and cutting waste generated during the processing. The purpose is to.

この発明は上記の目的を達成するため、次のように構成したワーク分離装置を提供する。   In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a work separating apparatus configured as follows.

この発明によるワーク分離装置は、予め流動体が収容され、該流動体中にワークと切削屑との混合物が投入される容器と、該容器内の前記流動体中における前記ワークと切削屑の混合物の沈降を妨げるように、前記容器に前記流動体を供給する流動体供給手段とを備え、該流動体供給手段側に、前記容器に供給される前記流動体の流量を調節する流量調節手段を設け、前記流動体供給手段により供給される前記流動体に起因する前記容器内の前記流動体の流れに基づいて、前記ワークと前記切削屑の一方を前記容器の下方に沈降させ、他方を前記容器の上方側に浮上させて、前記ワークと前記切削屑とを分離するワーク分離装置において、前記ワーク及び切削屑は、各々の沈降速度が、 前記容器に前記流動体の供給が行われない状態で、一方の沈降速度に比較して、他方の沈降速度が低速であり、且つ前記容器への流動体の供給による前記流動体の流れの速度に応じて、一方の沈降速度に比較して、他方の沈降速度が低速となる状態が維持されて、各沈降速度が低下するものからなり、前記ワーク及び前記切削屑の沈降速度を検出する沈降速度検出手段と、該沈降速度検出手段によって検出される前記容器への前記流動体の供給が行われない状態での前記ワークの沈降速度及び前記切削屑の沈降速度と、前記流動体供給手段が前記容器に前記流動体を供給した際の該容器内の前記流動体の流れの速度とのそれぞれの差が、互いに逆の符号を有するように、前記容器に供給する前記流動体の流量を設定する流量算出手段を備え、前記流量調節手段が、前記流量算出手段によって設定される流量に基づいて調節されることを特徴とする。 The workpiece separating apparatus according to the present invention includes a container in which a fluid is stored in advance and a mixture of the workpiece and cutting waste is put into the fluid, and a mixture of the workpiece and cutting waste in the fluid in the container. Fluid supply means for supplying the fluid to the container so as to prevent sedimentation of the fluid, and a flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the flow rate of the fluid supplied to the container on the fluid supply means side. Provided, based on the flow of the fluid in the container due to the fluid supplied by the fluid supply means, one of the workpiece and the cutting waste is settled below the container, and the other is In the workpiece separating apparatus that floats above the container and separates the workpiece and the cutting waste, the workpiece and the cutting waste are in a state in which the settling speed is not supplied to the container. On the other hand The other settling rate is lower than the other settling rate, and the other settling rate is lower than the one settling rate, depending on the flow rate of the fluid by supplying the fluid to the vessel. A state in which the state where the speed becomes low is maintained, and each settling speed decreases, a settling speed detecting means for detecting the settling speed of the workpiece and the cutting waste, and the container detected by the settling speed detecting means The settling speed of the workpiece and the settling speed of the cutting waste in a state where the supply of the fluid to the container is not performed, and the fluid in the container when the fluid supply means supplies the fluid to the container A flow rate calculating means for setting a flow rate of the fluid to be supplied to the container so that each difference from the flow velocity of the fluid has opposite signs, and the flow rate adjusting means includes the flow rate calculation Set by means Characterized in that it is adjusted on the basis of that flow.

さらに、上記速度検出手段が、上記流動体内を沈降する上記ワーク及び切削屑を検出する複数のセンサを上記容器の上下方向に所定距離離間させて配置し、その複数の各センサ間の距離と、各センサによる上記ワーク又は切削屑の検出時間の差に基づいて上記ワーク及び切削屑の沈降速度を検出するようにするとよい。   Further, the speed detecting means is arranged with a plurality of sensors for detecting the workpiece and cutting waste settling in the fluid body separated by a predetermined distance in the vertical direction of the container, and the distance between the plurality of sensors, It is preferable to detect the settling speed of the workpiece and the cutting waste based on a difference in detection time of the workpiece or the cutting waste by each sensor.

以上のように構成されたこの発明によるワーク分離装置によれば、容器への流動体の供給が行われない状態でのワーク及び切削屑の各沈降速度を上記速度検出手段により検出することによって、上記流量算出手段により、その各沈降速度と上記流動体を供給した際の容器内の流動体の流れの速度とに基づいて、容器に供給する流動体の流量を簡単に算出することができ、それによって上記流量調節手段による流動体の流量をワークと切削屑との分離精度が最も向上するように調節することが容易にできる。
したがって、ワークと切削屑との混合物から、ワークを精度よく且つ効率よく容易に分離することができる。 According to the workpiece separating apparatus according to the present invention configured as described above, by detecting the settling speed of the workpiece and the cutting waste in a state where the fluid is not supplied to the container by the speed detecting means, The flow rate calculation means can easily calculate the flow rate of the fluid to be supplied to the container based on the respective sedimentation speeds and the flow rate of the fluid in the container when the fluid is supplied. Thereby, it is possible to easily adjust the flow rate of the fluid by the flow rate adjusting means so that the separation accuracy between the workpiece and the cutting waste is most improved.
Therefore, the workpiece can be easily separated from the mixture of the workpiece and the cutting waste with high accuracy and efficiency.

この発明によるワーク分離装置の一実施例の概略構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows schematic structure of one Example of the workpiece | work separation apparatus by this invention. 図１における制御装置の構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the control apparatus in FIG. この発明によるワーク分離装置の他の実施例の要部のみの概略構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows schematic structure of only the principal part of the other Example of the workpiece | work separation apparatus by this invention. 流動体の流量とワーク及び切削屑の各沈降速度との関係を示す線図である。It is a diagram which shows the relationship between the flow volume of a fluid, and each sedimentation speed of a workpiece | work and cutting waste.

以下、この発明を実施するための形態を図面に基づいて具体的に説明する。
まず、図１によってこの発明によるワーク分離装置の一実施例の概略構成を説明する。
このワーク分離装置は筒状の容器１を備えている。その容器１には、液体等の流動的な移動が可能な流動体２が予め収容されている。この実施例における流動体２は所定の粘度のオイルからなる。 Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.
First, a schematic configuration of an embodiment of a workpiece separating apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
This work separating apparatus includes a cylindrical container 1. The container 1 contains in advance a fluid 2 that can be fluidly moved, such as a liquid. The fluid 2 in this embodiment is made of oil having a predetermined viscosity.

容器１の一端側には、工作機械等によって加工された部品等の部材であるワーク３１と、そのワーク３１の加工時等に発生する切削屑３２との混合物３を、容器１内の流動体２に投入する投入口１１が設けられている。
容器１の他端側には、混合物３から分離されるワーク３１が収容されるワーク収容部１２が設けられている。また、容器１の投入口１１側には、容器１に対して傾斜した分岐路１３が設けられている。 At one end of the container 1, a mixture 3 of a work 31 that is a member such as a part processed by a machine tool and the like and a cutting waste 32 generated when the work 31 is processed, etc. 2 is provided.
On the other end side of the container 1, a work accommodating portion 12 in which a work 31 separated from the mixture 3 is accommodated is provided. Further, a branch path 13 that is inclined with respect to the container 1 is provided on the inlet 11 side of the container 1.

その分岐路１３とワーク収容部１２との間には、容器１内に流動体２を導入する流動体導入路１４が設けられており、その流動体導入路１４には、流動体２を流動体導入路１４に供給する流動体供給手段４が接続されている。
その流動体供給手段４は、流動体２が収容されたタンク４１と、そのタンク４１から流動体２を圧送するポンプ４２と、そのポンプ４２の出力側と流動体導入路１４側との間に介設されるバルブ４３と、そのバルブ４３の開閉を制御する制御装置４４とを備えている。 A fluid introduction path 14 for introducing the fluid 2 into the container 1 is provided between the branch path 13 and the work accommodating portion 12, and the fluid 2 flows through the fluid introduction path 14. Fluid supply means 4 for supplying to the body introduction path 14 is connected.
The fluid supply means 4 includes a tank 41 in which the fluid 2 is accommodated, a pump 42 that pumps the fluid 2 from the tank 41, and an output side of the pump 42 and the fluid introduction path 14 side. An intervening valve 43 and a control device 44 for controlling opening and closing of the valve 43 are provided.

その制御装置４４によってバルブ４３の開閉を制御することにより、バルブ４３の開度に応じた流量で流動体２が流動体導入路１４から容器１内に供給される。バルブ４３は、容器１に流動体導入路１４を介して供給される流動体２の流量を調節する流量調節手段を構成している。
流動体導入路１４を介して容器１内に供給される流動体によって、容器１内でワーク収容部１２側から投入口１１側に向かう流動体の流れＦｕが形成される。 By controlling the opening and closing of the valve 43 by the control device 44, the fluid 2 is supplied into the container 1 from the fluid introduction path 14 at a flow rate corresponding to the opening degree of the valve 43. The valve 43 constitutes a flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the flow rate of the fluid 2 supplied to the container 1 via the fluid introduction path 14.
Due to the fluid supplied into the container 1 via the fluid introduction path 14, a fluid flow Fu from the work accommodating portion 12 side to the inlet 11 side is formed in the container 1.

このワーク分離装置は、従来の装置と同様に、容器１の投入口１１から投入された混合物３が流動体２内を沈降（沈下）する際に、容器１内の流動体２の流れによって、混合物３の沈降を妨げ、混合物３内の比較的重量が大きいワーク３１を流動体２の流れに抗して沈降させてワーク収容部１２に収容し、比較的軽量な切削屑３２を流動体２の流れに乗せて浮上させて、分岐路１３から排出させる。
これにより、混合物３からワーク３１と切削屑３２とを分離する。 As in the conventional apparatus, the workpiece separating apparatus is configured such that when the mixture 3 charged from the inlet 11 of the container 1 settles (sinks) in the fluid 2, the flow of the fluid 2 in the container 1 The mixture 3 is prevented from settling, and the relatively heavy workpiece 31 in the mixture 3 is allowed to settle against the flow of the fluid 2 and accommodated in the workpiece accommodating portion 12. It floats on the flow of, and is discharged from the branch path 13.
Thereby, the work 31 and the cutting waste 32 are separated from the mixture 3.

流動体２の流れの速度（流動体２の移動速度）は、制御装置４４によって調節されるバルブ４３の開度に応じて流動体導入路１４を介して供給される流動体２の流量によって定められる。
このワーク分離装置は制御装置４４によって、ワーク３１と切削屑３２とを高精度に分離することができるようにバルブ４３の開度を調節する。 The flow speed of the fluid 2 (moving speed of the fluid 2) is determined by the flow rate of the fluid 2 supplied via the fluid introduction path 14 according to the opening degree of the valve 43 adjusted by the control device 44. It is done.
In this workpiece separating device, the opening degree of the valve 43 is adjusted by the control device 44 so that the workpiece 31 and the cutting waste 32 can be separated with high accuracy.

容器１には、投入口１１の近傍位置と流動体導入路１４の近傍位置に、ワーク３１及び切削屑３２の通過を検出する通過検出センサ５，６が配置されている。その通過検出センサ５，６は、制御装置４４に接続されている。
その制御装置４４は図２に示すように、沈降速度検出手段４４１と流量設定手段４４２を備えている。 In the container 1, passage detection sensors 5 and 6 that detect the passage of the workpiece 31 and the cutting waste 32 are disposed in the vicinity of the input port 11 and in the vicinity of the fluid introduction path 14. The passage detection sensors 5 and 6 are connected to the control device 44.
As shown in FIG. 2, the control device 44 includes sedimentation speed detection means 441 and flow rate setting means 442.

この実施例では、沈降速度検出手段４４１は通過検出センサ５，６の検知信号を入力しており、図１に示す通過検出センサ５，６の間の距離Lと、ワーク３１及び切削屑３２が投入口１１側の通過検出センサ５で検出された後、流動体導入路１４側の通過検出センサ６で検出されるまでの時間に基づいて、ワーク３１又は切削屑３２の流動体２内の沈降速度を演算する。なお通過検出センサ５，６は、通過検出センサ５，６が配置されている位置をワーク３１や切削屑３２が通過することを検出できれば、一般的な光学式通過センサ等どのようなセンサを使用してもよい。   In this embodiment, the sedimentation velocity detection means 441 inputs the detection signals of the passage detection sensors 5 and 6, and the distance L between the passage detection sensors 5 and 6 shown in FIG. Based on the time from detection by the passage detection sensor 5 on the inlet 11 side to detection by the passage detection sensor 6 on the fluid introduction path 14 side, the work 31 or the cutting waste 32 settles in the fluid 2. Calculate the speed. As the passage detection sensors 5 and 6, any sensor such as a general optical passage sensor may be used as long as it can detect that the workpiece 31 and the cutting waste 32 pass through the position where the passage detection sensors 5 and 6 are disposed. May be.

このように、ワーク３１及び切削屑３２の沈降速度は、流動体内を沈降するワーク３１及び切削屑３２を検出する複数の通過検出センサ５，６を、上下方向に所定距離Lだけ離間させて配置し、その各通過検出センサ５，６間の距離と、各通過検出センサ５，６間に
よるワーク３１又は切削屑３２の検出時間の差に基づいて簡単に検出することができる。
制御装置４４は、図２に示す沈降速度検出手段４４１によって、予め流動体導入路１４から流動体２が供給されていない状態で、ワーク３１と切削屑３２の沈降速度を各々別々に検出するように設定されている。 As described above, the settling speed of the workpiece 31 and the cutting waste 32 is set such that the plurality of passage detection sensors 5 and 6 that detect the workpiece 31 and the cutting waste 32 settling in the fluid are separated by a predetermined distance L in the vertical direction. And it can detect simply based on the difference of the detection time of the workpiece | work 31 or the cutting waste 32 by the distance between each of the passage detection sensors 5 and 6 and between each of the passage detection sensors 5 and 6.
The controller 44 detects the settling speeds of the workpiece 31 and the cutting waste 32 separately by the settling speed detecting means 441 shown in FIG. 2 in a state where the fluid 2 is not supplied from the fluid introduction path 14 in advance. Is set to

そのワーク３１と切削屑３２の各沈降速度は、ワーク３１又は切削屑３２のみを投入口１１から投入することによって予め別々に検出される。
なお、そのワーク３１と切削屑３２の沈降速度を各々別々に検出する際に、ワーク３１又は切削屑３２のどちらを投入したかを設定する必要があるが、沈降速度に基づいてワーク３１又は切削屑３２のどちらが投入されたのかを、制御装置４４が自動的に判別するようにすることもできる。 The settling speeds of the workpiece 31 and the cutting waste 32 are separately detected in advance by introducing only the workpiece 31 or the cutting waste 32 from the insertion port 11.
In addition, when detecting the settling speed of the workpiece 31 and the cutting waste 32 separately, it is necessary to set which of the workpiece 31 or the cutting waste 32 is input. It is also possible for the control device 44 to automatically determine which of the scraps 32 has been thrown in.

この実施例においては、ワーク３１を沈降させ、切削屑３２を浮上させて各々分別するため、予め流動体導入路１４から流動体２が供給されていない状態では、ワーク３１の沈降速度の方が切削屑３２の沈降速度より速いので、沈降速度の速い方をワーク３１の沈降速度、沈降速度の遅い方を切削屑３２の沈降速度と判断することができる。   In this embodiment, since the work 31 is settled and the cutting waste 32 is floated and separated, the work 31 has a settling speed in a state where the fluid 2 is not supplied in advance from the fluid introduction path 14. Since it is faster than the settling speed of the cutting waste 32, it can be determined that the faster settling speed is the settling speed of the work 31 and the slower settling speed is the settling speed of the cutting waste 32.

制御装置４４の流量設定手段４４２は流量算出手段としての機能も有しており、流動体導入路１４から流動体２が供給されていない状態でのワーク３１と切削屑３２の各沈降速度Ｖｗ，Ｖｃと、流動体供給手段４が容器１に流動体２を供給した際の容器１内の流動体２の流れの速度ＶＦとに基づいて、流動体２の流量を算出し、その流量に応じてバルブ４３の開度を演算する。
流動体２の流れの速度ＶＦは、流動体導入路１４から供給される流動体２の流量に対して比例的に増加するため、そのワーク３１と切削屑３２の沈降速度Ｖｗ，Ｖｃは、図４に示すように、流動体導入路１４から供給される流動体２の流量Ｆの増加に伴って小さくなる。 The flow rate setting means 442 of the control device 44 also has a function as a flow rate calculation means, and each settling velocity Vw of the workpiece 31 and the cutting waste 32 in a state where the fluid 2 is not supplied from the fluid introduction path 14. and vc, fluid supply means 4 on the basis of the velocity V F of the flow the fluid 2 in the container 1 at the time of supplying the fluid 2 in the container 1, to calculate the flow rate of the fluid 2, the flow rate thereof Accordingly, the opening degree of the valve 43 is calculated.
Speed V F of the fluid 2 flows in order to proportionally increases with the flow rate of the fluid 2 supplied from the fluid inlet channel 14, sedimentation rate Vw of the work 31 and the cutting chips 32, Vc is As shown in FIG. 4, it decreases as the flow rate F of the fluid 2 supplied from the fluid introduction path 14 increases.

そのため、この実施例においては、上記流量設定手段４４２は、ワーク３１の沈降速度Ｖｗから流動体２の流れの速度ＶＦを減算したワーク３１の移動速度Ｖｗ’（＝Ｖｗ−ＶＦ）が正の値（ワーク収容部１２に沈降する方向への移動）となり、切削屑３２の沈降速度Ｖｃから流動体２の流れの速度ＶＦを減算した切削屑３２の移動速度Ｖｃ’（＝Ｖｃ−ＶＦ）が負の値（投入口１１側に浮上する方向への移動）となる流動体の流量Ｆ’を算出し、算出された流量Ｆ’で流動体導入路１４を介して流動体２が供給されるようにバルブ４３の開度を前記流量Ｆ’に対応して演算する。
さらに、この実施形態における流量設定手段４４２は、演算したバルブ４３の開度に基づいて、バルブ４３をその開度になるように開閉作動させる構成になっている。 Therefore, in this embodiment, the flow rate setting means 442, the moving speed Vw '(= Vw-V F) of the workpiece 31 which is obtained by subtracting the velocity V F of the flow fluid 2 from sedimentation velocity Vw of the workpiece 31 is positive value next (moving in the direction to settle the work storing section 12), the moving velocity Vc of the cutting chips 32 obtained by subtracting the velocity V F of the flow fluid 2 from sedimentation velocity Vc of the swarf 32 '(= Vc-V F ) is a negative value (moving in the direction of rising to the input port 11 side), and the flow rate F ′ of the fluid is calculated. The calculated flow rate F ′ causes the fluid 2 to pass through the fluid introduction path 14. The opening degree of the valve 43 is calculated so as to correspond to the flow rate F ′.
Further, the flow rate setting means 442 in this embodiment is configured to open and close the valve 43 based on the calculated opening degree of the valve 43 so as to reach the opening degree.

したがって、流量設定手段４４２は、容器１への流動体２の供給が行われない状態での前記ワーク３１の沈降速度Ｖｗ及び切削屑３２の沈降速度Ｖｃと、流動体供給手段４が容器１に流動体２を供給した際の容器１内の流動体１の流れの速度ＶＦとのそれぞれの差Ｖｗ’とＶｃ’とが、互いに逆の符号を有するように容器１に供給する流動体２の流量Ｆ’を算出する。 Therefore, the flow rate setting means 442 includes the settling speed Vw of the workpiece 31 and the settling speed Vc of the cutting waste 32 in a state where the supply of the fluid 2 to the container 1 is not performed, and the fluid supply means 4 to the container 1. each difference Vw between the speed V F of the flow fluid primary fluid inside the second container 1 at the time of supplying 'and Vc' and but the fluid 2 to be supplied to the container 1 so as to have opposite sign to each other The flow rate F ′ is calculated.

このワーク分離装置は以上のように構成されているので、予め流動体導入路１４から流動体２が供給されていない状態でのワーク３１の沈降速度Ｖｗと切削屑３２の沈降速度Ｖｃを各々検出することによって、ワーク３１をワーク収容部１２に沈降させ、切削屑３２を分岐路１３から排出させるように、流動体導入路１４に供給する流動体２の流量を簡単に算出し、バルブ４３の開度を簡単に設定することができる。それによって、混合物３からワーク３１と切削屑３２とを、簡単且つ高精度に分離することができる。   Since this workpiece separating apparatus is configured as described above, the settling velocity Vw of the workpiece 31 and the settling velocity Vc of the cutting waste 32 in a state where the fluid 2 is not supplied from the fluid introduction path 14 in advance are detected. As a result, the flow rate of the fluid 2 supplied to the fluid introduction passage 14 is simply calculated so that the workpiece 31 is settled in the workpiece accommodating portion 12 and the cutting waste 32 is discharged from the branch passage 13. The opening can be set easily. Thereby, the work 31 and the cutting waste 32 can be easily and accurately separated from the mixture 3.

この実施例において、流量設定手段４４２は、ワーク３１の沈降速度Ｖｗから流動体２の流れの速度を減算したワーク３１の移動速度Ｖｗ’と、切削屑３２の沈降速度Ｖｃから流動体２の流れの速度を減算した切削屑３２の移動速度Ｖｃ’とが互いに逆の符号を有し、且つ同一の絶対値となるように、流動体２の流量Ｆ’を演算すれば、分離の精度が一層向上する。図４はこの場合のワーク３１の移動速度Ｖｗ’と切削屑３２の移動速度Ｖｃ’、および流動体２の流量Ｆ’を示している。   In this embodiment, the flow rate setting means 442 includes the moving speed Vw ′ of the work 31 obtained by subtracting the flow speed of the fluid 2 from the settling speed Vw of the work 31 and the flow of the fluid 2 from the settling speed Vc of the cutting waste 32. If the flow rate F ′ of the fluid 2 is calculated so that the moving speed Vc ′ of the cutting waste 32 obtained by subtracting the speed of the cutting scraps 32 has the opposite sign and the same absolute value, the accuracy of separation is further increased. improves. FIG. 4 shows the moving speed Vw ′ of the workpiece 31, the moving speed Vc ′ of the cutting waste 32, and the flow rate F ′ of the fluid 2 in this case.

なお、上記のように流動体２の流量Ｆ’を演算し、バルブ４３の開度を設定する設定モードと、流動体２を流量Ｆ’で流動体供給手段４によって流動体導入路１４を介して容器１に供給して、ワーク３１と切削屑３２との分離を行う分離モードを、予め制御装置４４側に設定し、そのモードを切り換えて作業を行うように構成することもできる。   In addition, the flow rate F ′ of the fluid 2 is calculated as described above, the setting mode for setting the opening degree of the valve 43, and the fluid 2 through the fluid introduction path 14 by the fluid supply means 4 at the flow rate F ′. A separation mode for separating the workpiece 31 and the cutting waste 32 from the workpiece 31 can be set in advance on the control device 44 side, and the operation can be performed by switching the mode.

また、異なるワーク毎に予めワーク３１の速度と切削屑３２の沈降速度、および流動体２の流量Ｆ’のデータを演算しておき、それらを制御装置４４側の記憶手段（メモリ等）に保存しておくこともできる。
その場合、分離したいワークと切削屑が変った場合にも、そのワークと切削屑に応じた流量Ｆ’を記憶手段の保存データを読み出して簡単に設定することができ、高精度の分離精度を維持することができ、しかも作業効率が向上する。 In addition, data of the speed of the work 31, the settling speed of the cutting waste 32, and the flow rate F ′ of the fluid 2 are calculated in advance for each different work, and stored in storage means (memory or the like) on the control device 44 side. You can also keep it.
In that case, even if the workpiece to be separated and the cutting waste change, the flow rate F ′ corresponding to the workpiece and the cutting waste can be easily set by reading the stored data in the storage means, and high-precision separation accuracy can be achieved. Can be maintained, and the work efficiency is improved.

また、この実施例においては、分岐路１３側にも通過検出センサ７が設けられている。この分岐路１３側の通過検出センサ７により、上述したように流動体２の流量をＦ’に設定した後、ワーク３１のみを投入口１１から投入して、分岐路１３側の通過検出センサ７がワーク３１の通過を検出しないことを確認することができる。
その際、分岐路１３側の通過検出センサ７がワーク３１の通過を検出した場合は、制御装置４４は流動体２の流量が多すぎると判断し、流量設定手段４４２は、通過検出センサ７がワーク３１の通過を検出しなくなるように、バルブ４３を僅かに閉じて流動体２の流量を減少させるように微調節（Ｆ’より小さく）することができる。 In this embodiment, the passage detection sensor 7 is also provided on the branch path 13 side. After the flow rate of the fluid 2 is set to F ′ as described above by the passage detection sensor 7 on the branch path 13 side, only the work 31 is introduced from the insertion port 11, and the passage detection sensor 7 on the branch path 13 side. It can be confirmed that the passage of the work 31 is not detected.
At that time, if the passage detection sensor 7 on the branch path 13 side detects the passage of the work 31, the control device 44 determines that the flow rate of the fluid 2 is too large, and the flow rate setting means 442 Fine adjustment (smaller than F ′) can be made so as to reduce the flow rate of the fluid 2 by slightly closing the valve 43 so that the passage of the work 31 is not detected.

その微調節手段を流量設定手段４４２が備えることによって、比較的簡単に分離の精度を向上させることができる。
また、この実施例において、上記微調節手段は、上述のように流動体２の流量を設定した後、切削屑３２のみを投入口１１から投入し、流動体導入路１４側の通過検出センサ６が切削屑３２を検出した場合には、制御装置４４は流動体２の流量が少なすぎると判断し、流量設定手段４４２は、通過検出センサ６が切削屑３２の通過を検出しなくなるように、バルブ４３を僅かに開いて流動体２の流量を増加させるように微調節（Ｆ’より小さく）することができる。それによって、分離精度をさらに向上させることができる。 By providing the fine adjustment means in the flow rate setting means 442, the separation accuracy can be improved relatively easily.
Further, in this embodiment, the fine adjustment means sets the flow rate of the fluid 2 as described above, and then inserts only the cutting waste 32 from the insertion port 11, and the passage detection sensor 6 on the fluid introduction path 14 side. When the cutting waste 32 is detected, the control device 44 determines that the flow rate of the fluid 2 is too small, and the flow rate setting unit 442 prevents the passage detection sensor 6 from detecting the passage of the cutting waste 32. Fine adjustment (smaller than F ′) can be made to slightly open the valve 43 to increase the flow rate of the fluid 2. Thereby, the separation accuracy can be further improved.

上記微調節手段の作動時には、予めワーク３１又は切削屑３２のどちらを投入したかを設定する必要があるが、投入口１１側の通過検出センサ５で検出した後に、流動体導入路１４側の通過検出センサ６及び分岐路１３側の通過検出センサ７で各々検出される検出量に基づいて、ワーク３１又は切削屑３２のどちらが投入されたのかを自動的に判別するように構成することもできる。   At the time of the operation of the fine adjustment means, it is necessary to set in advance which of the workpiece 31 or the cutting waste 32 has been thrown in, but after the detection by the passage detection sensor 5 on the loading port 11 side, Based on the detection amounts respectively detected by the passage detection sensor 6 and the passage detection sensor 7 on the branch path 13 side, it can also be configured to automatically determine whether the workpiece 31 or the cutting waste 32 has been introduced. .

この実施例においては、上記微調節は、上述したように流動体２の流量が設定された後に行われるため、流動体導入路１４側の通過検出センサ６での検出量が、分岐路１３側の通過検出センサ７での検出量より多い場合は、ワーク３１が投入されたと判断することができる。また、分岐路１３側の通過検出センサ７での検出量が、流動体導入路１４側の通過検出センサ６での検出量より多い場合は、切削屑３２が投入されたと判断することができる。   In this embodiment, since the fine adjustment is performed after the flow rate of the fluid 2 is set as described above, the amount detected by the passage detection sensor 6 on the fluid introduction channel 14 side is equal to the branch channel 13 side. If the amount detected by the passage detection sensor 7 is larger, it can be determined that the workpiece 31 has been loaded. Further, when the detection amount by the passage detection sensor 7 on the branch path 13 side is larger than the detection amount by the passage detection sensor 6 on the fluid introduction path 14 side, it can be determined that the cutting waste 32 has been introduced.

なお、分岐路１３側の通過検出センサ７を設けることなく、上記微調節手段を、流動体２の流量設定後、切削屑３２のみを投入口１１から投入し、流動体導入路１４側の通過検出センサ６が切削屑３２を検出しないように、流動体２の流量を微調節するように構成することもできる。   In addition, without providing the passage detection sensor 7 on the branch path 13 side, after the flow rate of the fluid 2 is set, only the cutting waste 32 is introduced from the inlet 11 and the fine adjustment means is passed on the fluid inlet path 14 side. The flow rate of the fluid 2 can be finely adjusted so that the detection sensor 6 does not detect the cutting waste 32.

図３は、この発明によるワーク分離装置の他の実施例の要部のみの概略構成を示す図である。この実施例において図１によって説明した実施例と相違するのは、流動体導入路２４だけであるから、その他の説明は省略する。
この実施例のワーク分離装置は、図１に示した実施例における流動体導入路１４に代えて、分岐路１３と同一の傾斜角度で同心の流動体導入路２４を設けている。 FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of only a main part of another embodiment of the workpiece separating apparatus according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the only difference from the embodiment described with reference to FIG. 1 is the fluid introduction path 24, and the other description is omitted.
The workpiece separating apparatus of this embodiment is provided with a concentric fluid introduction path 24 at the same inclination angle as the branch path 13 instead of the fluid introduction path 14 in the embodiment shown in FIG.

これにより、流動体導入路２４を介して容器１に供給される流動体２によって、容器１内の流動体２に、流動体導入路２４から分岐路１３に向かう流れＦｂが形成される。
分岐路１３及び流動体導入路２４を、容器１の軸線に直交する直線Ｘに対して３０度傾斜させる（θ＝３０°とする）ことによって、ワーク３１と切削屑３２との分離精度が向上する。 As a result, the fluid 2 supplied to the container 1 via the fluid introduction path 24 forms a flow Fb from the fluid introduction path 24 toward the branch path 13 in the fluid 2 in the container 1.
By separating the branch path 13 and the fluid introduction path 24 by 30 degrees with respect to the straight line X perpendicular to the axis of the container 1 (θ = 30 °), the separation accuracy between the workpiece 31 and the cutting waste 32 is improved. To do.

この場合、流量設定手段４４２（図２参照）は、流動体導入路１４から流動体２が供給されていない状態でのワーク３１の沈降速度Ｖｗ及び切削屑３２の沈降速度Ｖｃに対して、流動体導入路１４から分岐路１３に向かう流動体２の流れの速度に対してSinθを乗じた値を減算し、流動体導入路１４に供給される流動体２の流量Ｆを演算するように構成することができる。   In this case, the flow rate setting means 442 (see FIG. 2) flows with respect to the settling speed Vw of the workpiece 31 and the settling speed Vc of the cutting waste 32 in a state where the fluid 2 is not supplied from the fluid introduction path 14. The flow rate of the fluid 2 flowing from the body introduction path 14 toward the branch path 13 is subtracted by a value obtained by multiplying the velocity of the fluid 2 by Sinθ, and the flow rate F of the fluid 2 supplied to the fluid introduction path 14 is calculated. can do.

この実施例によっても、前述した実施例と同様に制御装置４４によって流動体２の流量を容易に設定し、ワーク３１と切削屑３２の分離精度を向上させることができる。
なお、上記説明では、ワーク３１を沈降させ、切削屑３２を浮上させる例について説明したが、ワークの形状やサイズ、質量等の相違により、ワークを浮上させ、切削屑を沈降させることによってワークと切削屑とを分離するように構成してもよい。 Also in this embodiment, the flow rate of the fluid 2 can be easily set by the control device 44 as in the above-described embodiment, and the separation accuracy of the workpiece 31 and the cutting waste 32 can be improved.
In the above description, the example in which the workpiece 31 is settled and the cutting waste 32 is levitated has been described. However, the workpiece is levitated and the cutting waste is settled due to differences in the shape, size, mass, and the like of the workpiece. You may comprise so that cutting waste may be isolate | separated.

また上記流量設定手段４４２を、流動体導入路１４を介して供給される流動体２の流量Ｆ’の算出のみ又は前記流量Ｆ’の算出及びバルブ４３の開度の演算のみを行う構成とし、バルブ４３を手動又は他の手段等によって、その算出された流量Ｆ’に基づいて開閉作動させるように構成してもよい。この場合、算出された流量Ｆ’やバルブ４３の開度をディスプレイ等の表示装置に表示し、バルブ４３を容易に調節できるように構成することもできる。   The flow rate setting means 442 is configured to perform only the calculation of the flow rate F ′ of the fluid 2 supplied via the fluid introduction path 14 or only the calculation of the flow rate F ′ and the calculation of the opening degree of the valve 43. The valve 43 may be configured to open and close based on the calculated flow rate F ′ by manual or other means. In this case, the calculated flow rate F ′ and the opening degree of the valve 43 can be displayed on a display device such as a display so that the valve 43 can be easily adjusted.

この発明によるワーク分離装置は、各種工作機械で加工された部品等の被加工部材であるワークとその加工時に発生する切削屑とを、分離するための装置に適用することができる。   The workpiece separating apparatus according to the present invention can be applied to an apparatus for separating a workpiece, which is a member to be processed such as parts processed by various machine tools, and cutting waste generated during the processing.

１：容器 ２：流動体 ３：混合物 ４：流動体供給手段
５，６，７：通過検出センサ １１：投入口 １２：ワーク収容部
１３：分岐路 １４：流動体導入路 ３１：ワーク ３２：切削屑
４１：タンク ４２：ポンプ ４３：バルブ ４４：制御装置
４４１：沈降速度検出手段 ４４２：流量設定手段（流量算出手段） DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1: Container 2: Fluid 3: Mixture 4: Fluid supply means 5, 6, 7: Passage detection sensor 11: Input port 12: Work accommodating part 13: Branching path 14: Fluid introduction path 31: Work 32: Cutting Waste 41: Tank 42: Pump 43: Valve 44: Control device 441: Sedimentation velocity detection means 442: Flow rate setting means (flow rate calculation means)

Claims (2)

予め流動体が収容され、該流動体中にワークと切削屑との混合物が投入される容器と、該容器内の前記流動体中における前記ワークと切削屑の混合物の沈降を妨げるように、前記容器に前記流動体を供給する流動体供給手段とを備え、
該流動体供給手段側に、前記容器に供給される前記流動体の流量を調節する流量調節手段を設け、前記流動体供給手段により供給される前記流動体に起因する前記容器内の前記流動体の流れに基づいて、前記ワークと前記切削屑の一方を前記容器の下方に沈降させ、他方を前記容器の上方側に浮上させて、前記ワークと前記切削屑とを分離するワーク分離装置において、
前記ワーク及び切削屑は、各々の沈降速度が、 前記容器に前記流動体の供給が行われない状態で、一方の沈降速度に比較して、他方の沈降速度が低速であり、且つ前記容器への流動体の供給による前記流動体の流れの速度に応じて、一方の沈降速度に比較して、他方の沈降速度が低速となる状態が維持されて、各沈降速度が低下するものからなり、
前記ワーク及び前記切削屑の沈降速度を検出する沈降速度検出手段と、該沈降速度検出手段によって検出される前記容器への前記流動体の供給が行われない状態での前記ワークの沈降速度及び前記切削屑の沈降速度と、前記流動体供給手段が前記容器に前記流動体を供給した際の該容器内の前記流動体の流れの速度とのそれぞれの差が、互いに逆の符号を有するように、前記容器に供給する前記流動体の流量を設定する流量算出手段を備え、前記流量調節手段が、前記流量算出手段によって設定される流量に基づいて調節されることを特徴とするワーク分離装置。 In order to prevent sedimentation of the mixture of the workpiece and the cutting waste in the fluid in the fluid container in which the fluid is previously stored and the mixture of the workpiece and the cutting waste is put into the fluid. Fluid supply means for supplying the fluid to the container,
A flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the flow rate of the fluid supplied to the container is provided on the fluid supply means side, and the fluid in the container caused by the fluid supplied by the fluid supply means based on the flow, the precipitated work with one of the cutting chips below the container, and the other is floated on the upper side of the container, the workpiece separator apparatus for separating the workpiece and the cutting chips,
The workpiece and the cutting waste each have a settling speed, the other settling speed is lower than one settling speed, and the fluid is not supplied to the container. According to the flow rate of the fluid by supplying the fluid, the state in which the other settling velocity is lower than the one settling velocity is maintained, and each settling velocity is reduced.
A settling velocity detecting means for detecting the sedimentation rate of the workpiece and the cutting chips, the sedimentation velocity and the workpiece in a state where supply of the fluid into the container to be detected by the precipitated speed detecting means is not performed The difference between the settling speed of the cutting waste and the flow speed of the fluid in the container when the fluid supply means supplies the fluid to the container has opposite signs. comprises flow rate calculation means to set the flow rate of the fluid supplied to said container, said flow rate control means, the workpiece separator apparatus characterized by being adjusted based on the flow rate set by the flow rate calculating means . 前記速度検出手段が、前記流動体内を沈降する前記ワーク及び前記切削屑を検出する複数のセンサを前記容器の上下方向に所定距離離間させて配置し、前記複数の各センサ間の距離と、該各センサによる前記ワーク又は前記切削屑の検出時間の差に基づいて前記ワーク及び前記切削屑の沈降速度を検出することを特徴とする請求項１に記載のワーク分離装置。 The speed detecting means is arranged with a plurality of sensors for detecting the workpiece sinking in the fluid body and the cutting waste separated by a predetermined distance in the vertical direction of the container, and the distance between the plurality of sensors, The workpiece separating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a settling speed of the workpiece and the cutting waste is detected based on a difference in detection time of the workpiece or the cutting waste by each sensor.
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