JP5427671B2 - Air conditioner for railway vehicles - Google Patents

Air conditioner for railway vehicles Download PDF

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JP5427671B2
JP5427671B2 JP2010082344A JP2010082344A JP5427671B2 JP 5427671 B2 JP5427671 B2 JP 5427671B2 JP 2010082344 A JP2010082344 A JP 2010082344A JP 2010082344 A JP2010082344 A JP 2010082344A JP 5427671 B2 JP5427671 B2 JP 5427671B2
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air conditioner
railway vehicle
vehicle cab
outdoor
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JP2011213206A (en
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治生 平川
行伸 阿部
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Hitachi Ltd
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Description

本発明は、例えば時速１６０ｋｍ以上で走行する特急車両のような鉄道車両の屋根上に搭載される鉄道車両用空調装置に関し、特に、走行風の影響により室外送風機の風量や新鮮気風量が減少するのを抑制するのに好適な先頭車両に運転室用として搭載される鉄道用空調装置に関する。   The present invention relates to an air conditioner for a railway vehicle that is mounted on the roof of a railway vehicle such as a limited express vehicle that travels at a speed of 160 km / h or more, and in particular, the air volume of an outdoor fan or the amount of fresh air is reduced due to the influence of traveling wind. The present invention relates to a railroad air conditioner mounted on a leading vehicle suitable for restraining the vehicle as a driver's cab.

従来、鉄道車両の屋根上に搭載される鉄道車両用空調装置においては、空調装置の室外送風機の吸込口と吹出口の配置に関して走行風の影響は考慮されておらず、車体表面と同一面に沿って設けられた室外カバーに設けられており縁部内周の端部断面形状が丸みを有する吸気口と、この吸気口に設けられるルーバとを備えており走行風を室外機内部に導入するようにした構造が提案されている（特許文献１参照）。   Conventionally, in an air conditioner for a railway vehicle mounted on the roof of a railway vehicle, the influence of the traveling wind is not considered with respect to the arrangement of the inlet and outlet of the outdoor fan of the air conditioner, and it is on the same plane as the surface of the vehicle body. An air inlet provided on an outdoor cover provided along the edge and having a rounded cross section at the inner periphery of the edge and a louver provided at the air inlet so as to introduce the traveling wind into the outdoor unit. The structure which was made is proposed (refer patent document 1).

しかしながら、室外送風機の外気取入れ口と吹出口を車両の長手方向に向けて配置すると、室外送風機の風条件は、車両の走行方向が前後逆となる列車の運転に応じて、外気取り入口が吹出口の風下になり、吹出口の温風がそのまま外気取入れ口に吸い込まれてしまう現象（ショートサーキット）が生じる問題がある。そのため、室外機への外気の取入れは走行風の風向きに対して直角方向にする必要があるが、そうすると走行風から取り入れられる導入量は必要な風量と比較して少量となる。また、室外送風機の吸込口と吹出口に送風方向と逆方向の圧力差が発生した場合は、通風抵抗が増大して風量が減少するという問題がある。更に、先頭車両の周囲が負圧になることにより、新鮮気風量が減少するという問題があった。   However, when the outdoor air intake and the air outlet of the outdoor fan are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, the outdoor air blower is blown by the outdoor air inlet according to the train operation in which the vehicle traveling direction is reversed. There is a problem that a phenomenon (short circuit) occurs in which the warm air at the air outlet is sucked into the outside air intake as it is at the outlet leeward. For this reason, the intake of outside air into the outdoor unit needs to be in a direction perpendicular to the wind direction of the traveling wind, but in this case, the amount of introduction taken from the traveling wind is small compared to the necessary air volume. In addition, when a pressure difference in the direction opposite to the blowing direction occurs at the inlet and outlet of the outdoor blower, there is a problem that the ventilation resistance increases and the air volume decreases. Further, there is a problem that the amount of fresh air is reduced due to the negative pressure around the leading vehicle.

また、運転室用空調装置に限らず鉄道車両用空調装置においては、当該装置に備わる圧縮機の放熱により周囲の空気温度が上昇するので、圧縮機のモータコイルに絶縁劣化が生じる場合がある。こうした絶縁劣化を防止するため、一般的な対策としては、室外送風機の風量の一部を圧縮機室に導入することで圧縮機室内を冷却することが行われている。しかしながら、圧縮機室内の温度は外気温度に左右されるため、真夏日の日射を受ける高外気温時には、期待した冷却効果が得られないという問題があった。   Further, in a railway vehicle air conditioner as well as a driver's cab air conditioner, the ambient air temperature rises due to the heat radiation of the compressor provided in the apparatus, so that insulation deterioration may occur in the motor coil of the compressor. In order to prevent such insulation deterioration, as a general measure, cooling of the compressor chamber is performed by introducing a part of the air volume of the outdoor blower into the compressor chamber. However, since the temperature in the compressor room depends on the outside air temperature, there has been a problem that the expected cooling effect cannot be obtained at high outside air temperature, which is exposed to midsummer sunlight.

特開平１１−３２１６４４号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-321644

時速１６０ｋｍ以上で走行する特急車両のような鉄道車両においては、特に先頭車の屋根上に搭載される運転室用空調装置の場合に、外気の取入れと排気とが走行風の影響を直接に受けるので、空調装置の表面に発生する圧力差により室外送風機の風量が減少したり、車両周囲が負圧になったりするため新鮮気風量が減少するという問題があった。 In a railway vehicle such as an express vehicle that travels at a speed of 160 km / h or more, particularly in the case of a driver's cab air conditioner mounted on the roof of the leading vehicle, the intake and exhaust of outside air are directly affected by the traveling wind. since, or reduces the air volume of the outdoor blower, the new鮮気air volume for the vehicle surroundings or a negative pressure is disadvantageously reduced due to the pressure difference generated in the surface of the air conditioner.

本発明の目的は、鉄道車両用空調装置の表面に発生する圧力差が小さい位置に室外送風機の吸込口と吹出口を設けて必要な風量を確保し、新鮮気の取入口に室外送風機の風量の一部を供給して、必要な新鮮気風量を確保することにある。さらに、車内の排気を圧縮機室に吹き出すようにして圧縮機を常に安定した空気温度で冷却することにある。   An object of the present invention is to provide an air inlet and an air outlet of an outdoor blower at a position where the pressure difference generated on the surface of the air conditioner for a railway vehicle is small, to secure a necessary air volume, and an air volume of the outdoor fan to an intake of fresh air It is to secure a necessary amount of fresh air. Furthermore, the compressor is always cooled at a stable air temperature by exhausting the exhaust in the vehicle to the compressor chamber.

上記課題は、鉄道車両の先頭車両の屋根上に設置される鉄道車両運転室用空調装置であって、前記鉄道車両運転室用空調装置は、前記鉄道車両運転室用空調装置の上面に、室内カバーと、室外カバーと、を備えており、前記室外カバーは、前記鉄道車両運転室用空調装置に備えられる室外送風機へ流入する空気が吸い込まれる上面吸込口と、前記室外送風機からの排風が吐き出される上面吐出口と、を有しており、前記上面吸込口と、前記上面吐出口と、は、前記鉄道車両運転室用空調装置の上面の車両進行方向背後側に近い位置に備えられており、前記上面吸込口は前記鉄道車両運転室用空調装置の枕木方向の中央部に備えられるとともに前記上面吐出口は前記鉄道車両運転室用空調装置の枕木方向の側寄りに設けられている鉄道車両運転室用空調装置において、前記鉄道車両運転室用空調装置の前記車両進行方向背後側の背面には、前記排風が吐き出される背面吹出口と、前記鉄道車両運転室用空調装置の内部に新鮮気を取り込む新鮮気口が備えられており、前記鉄道車両運転室用空調装置の前記車両進行方向背後側の前記先頭車両の屋根上に屋根上風道が備えられており、前記屋根上風道は、前記屋根上風道の中央部が隔壁で仕切られた一対の仕切り室を備えており、一方の仕切り室の側壁には前記新鮮気が流入する側面吸込口が備えられるとともに、前記側面吸込口から前記新鮮気口に至る風道が形成されており、他方の仕切り室の側壁には前記排風が排出される側面吹出口が備えられるとともに、前記背面吹出口から前記側面吹出口に至る風道が形成されていることを特徴とする鉄道車両運転室用空調装置によって解決できる。 The above-described problem is an air conditioner for a railway vehicle cab installed on the roof of the leading vehicle of the railway vehicle, and the air conditioner for the railway vehicle cab is placed on an upper surface of the air conditioner for the railway vehicle cab. A cover and an outdoor cover, wherein the outdoor cover is configured to receive an upper surface suction port through which air flowing into an outdoor fan provided in the railroad vehicle cab air conditioner is sucked, and exhaust air from the outdoor fan. An upper surface discharge port to be discharged, and the upper surface suction port and the upper surface discharge port are provided at a position near the rear side in the vehicle traveling direction on the upper surface of the air conditioner for the railway vehicle cab. The upper surface suction port is provided in a central portion in the sleeper direction of the railway vehicle cab air conditioner, and the upper surface discharge port is provided near the sleeper direction side of the rail vehicle cab air conditioner. Vehicle driving In the air conditioner for a railway, a fresh air is introduced into the back of the rail vehicle cab air conditioner on the rear side in the vehicle traveling direction and the rear air outlet from which the exhaust air is discharged, and the air conditioner for the railway vehicle cab. A fresh air inlet is provided, a roof top airway is provided on the roof of the leading vehicle behind the vehicle traveling direction of the air conditioner for the railway vehicle cab, and the roof top airway is A central portion of the roof airway is provided with a pair of partition chambers partitioned by a partition wall, and a side suction port through which the fresh air flows is provided on a side wall of one partition chamber, and from the side suction port An air passage leading to the fresh air vent is formed, a side air outlet from which the exhaust air is discharged is provided on a side wall of the other partition chamber, and an air passage extending from the rear air outlet to the side air outlet Specially formed It is solved by railcar cab air conditioner to.

また、室外送風機の吹出部真下の空間に新鮮気を取り込む通風孔が開いた風道を設けて、この通風孔を通じて、空調装置背面の新鮮気口を通じて新鮮気を取り込むことにより新鮮気風量の減少を防止できる。また、室外送風機の風量の一部を、通風孔を通じて風道に吹き出すように構成しているので、空調装置の背面に設けている新鮮気口の圧力が負圧になっても、必要な新鮮気風量を確保することができる。 Further, by providing a wind trunk that the air vents are opened to take a new 鮮気 in the space beneath the blowout portion of the outdoor air blower, through the vent holes, fresh air volume by incorporating fresh air through the fresh Kiguchi the air conditioning apparatus back Can be prevented. In addition, since a part of the air volume of the outdoor blower is blown out to the air passage through the ventilation holes, even if the fresh air pressure on the back of the air conditioner becomes negative, the necessary fresh air Air volume can be secured.

さらに、車内の排気を圧縮機室に吹き出すことにより圧縮機を常に安定した空気温度で冷却することができる。車内の排気空気の温度はほぼ一定であるため、圧縮機室の冷却能力を一定に保つことができる。   Furthermore, by blowing out the exhaust in the vehicle to the compressor chamber, the compressor can always be cooled at a stable air temperature. Since the temperature of the exhaust air in the vehicle is substantially constant, the cooling capacity of the compressor chamber can be kept constant.

以上説明したように、本発明によれば、走行風圧の影響により室外送風機の吸込口と吹出口に発生する圧力差が室外送風機の静圧に比べて小さく、室外送風機の風量減少を抑制できる。また、室外送風機の風量の一部を、空調装置の背面に設けている新鮮気口に通じている風道に吹き出すので、当該新鮮気口の圧力が負圧になっても、必要な新鮮気風量を確保することができる。
また、車内の排気を圧縮機室に吹き出すので圧縮機を常に安定した空気温度で冷却することができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, the pressure difference generated between the inlet and the outlet of the outdoor blower due to the influence of the traveling wind pressure is smaller than the static pressure of the outdoor blower, and the decrease in the air volume of the outdoor blower can be suppressed. In addition, since a part of the air volume of the outdoor blower is blown out to the air passage leading to the fresh air vent provided on the back of the air conditioner, the necessary fresh air is required even if the pressure of the fresh air vent becomes negative. Air volume can be secured.
Moreover, since the exhaust in the vehicle is blown out to the compressor chamber, the compressor can be always cooled at a stable air temperature.

本発明による鉄道車両用空調装置の外観図で、車両の屋根上に搭載した状態を示した図である。1 is an external view of a railway vehicle air conditioner according to the present invention, showing a state of being mounted on a vehicle roof. FIG. 図１の鉄道車両用空調装置の後部に取付ける屋根上風道の立体図である。FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional view of a roof top airway attached to the rear part of the railcar air conditioner of FIG. 1. 図１の鉄道車両用空調装置の平面図である。It is a top view of the rail vehicle air conditioner of FIG. 図３の鉄道車両用空調装置のＡ線上とＢ線上の表面圧力を示した特性図である。It is the characteristic view which showed the surface pressure on the A line of the railway vehicle air conditioner of FIG. 3, and the B line. 図１の鉄道車両用空調装置の背面図である。It is a rear view of the rail vehicle air conditioner of FIG. 図１に示す鉄道車両用空調装置の上面カバーを外した状態を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the state which removed the upper surface cover of the railway vehicle air conditioner shown in FIG. 図１に示す鉄道車両用空調装置の背面側の主要断面を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the main cross sections by the side of the back surface of the railway vehicle air conditioner shown in FIG. 図１に示す鉄道車両用空調装置の新鮮気風道の主要断面を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the main cross sections of the fresh air wind path of the railway vehicle air conditioner shown in FIG. 図１に示す鉄道車両用空調装置の正面側の主要断面を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the main cross section by the side of the front of the railway vehicle air conditioner shown in FIG.

以下、本発明の一実施例を図１〜図９に示す実施例により詳細に説明する。ここで、図１は本発明による鉄道車両用空調装置の外観図であって、車両の屋根上に搭載した状態を示した図、図２は図１の鉄道車両用空調装置の後部に取付ける屋根上風道の立体図、図３は図１の鉄道車両用空調装置の平面図、図４は図３の鉄道車両用空調装置のＡ線上とＢ線上の表面圧力を数値解析で求めた特性図、図５は図１の鉄道車両用空調装置の背面図、図６は図１に示す鉄道車両用空調装置の室外カバーと室内カバーを外した状態を示した図、図７は図１に示す鉄道車両用空調装置の背面側の主要断面を示した図、図８は図１に示す鉄道車両用空調装置の新鮮気風道の主要断面を示した図、図９は図１に示す鉄道車両用空調装置の正面側の主要断面を示した図である。   Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiment shown in FIGS. Here, FIG. 1 is an external view of a railway vehicle air conditioner according to the present invention, and shows a state of being mounted on the roof of the vehicle, and FIG. 2 is a roof attached to the rear part of the rail vehicle air conditioner of FIG. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the railway vehicle air conditioner of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram obtained by numerical analysis of the surface pressure on the A line and B line of the rail vehicle air conditioner of FIG. 5 is a rear view of the railway vehicle air conditioner shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 6 is a view showing a state where the outdoor cover and the indoor cover of the railway vehicle air conditioner shown in FIG. 1 are removed, and FIG. 7 is shown in FIG. The figure which showed the main cross section of the back side of the air conditioner for rail vehicles, FIG. 8 is the figure which showed the main cross section of the fresh air wind path of the air conditioner for rail cars shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 9 is for the rail cars shown in FIG. It is the figure which showed the main cross section of the front side of an air conditioner.

図１において、本発明による鉄道車両用空調装置１（以下、簡単のため「空調装置１」と略す。）が鉄道車両の屋根上に搭載されている状態で示されている。この実施例では、鉄道車両は先頭車両であって、空調装置１は運転室用として設けられている。空調装置１の車両先端側の屋根上には、走行風の流れを流線形にして走行抵抗を減らすためのフェアリング３０が設けられている。空調装置１の車両先端側から見た背後側に隣接して付設される態様で、屋根上風道４０が屋根上に取り付けられている。屋根上風道４０は、空調装置１の背面から吸込む新鮮空気や背面に吹出す室外送風機の排風を車両の側面に案内する働きをする。屋根上風道４０は、図２に示すように、隔壁４１により中央で左右に仕切られたケース構造を備えていて、一方の仕切り室の側壁には室内機に新鮮気を吸込むための側面吸込口４２が形成されており、他方の仕切り室の側壁には室外送風機の排風を吹出す側面吹出口４３が形成されている。   In FIG. 1, a railway vehicle air conditioner 1 according to the present invention (hereinafter abbreviated as “air conditioner 1” for simplicity) is shown mounted on the roof of a railway vehicle. In this embodiment, the railway vehicle is the leading vehicle, and the air conditioner 1 is provided for the cab. On the roof on the vehicle front end side of the air conditioner 1, a fairing 30 is provided for reducing the running resistance by making the flow of the running wind streamlined. The roof top airway 40 is attached on the roof in a mode of being attached adjacent to the rear side as viewed from the vehicle front end side of the air conditioner 1. The roof top airway 40 serves to guide the fresh air sucked from the back surface of the air conditioner 1 and the exhaust air from the outdoor fan blown to the back surface to the side surface of the vehicle. As shown in FIG. 2, the roof top airway 40 has a case structure that is partitioned from the left and right by a partition wall 41, and the side suction for sucking fresh air into the indoor unit is provided on the side wall of one partition chamber. A mouth 42 is formed, and a side air outlet 43 that blows out the exhaust air from the outdoor fan is formed in the side wall of the other partition chamber.

本発明による空調装置１は図３に示すように室外カバー２を有しており、室外カバー２には、空調装置１の背面側（図３左側）に近い位置に室外送風機の上面吸込口３と上面吹出口４とが設けられている。これは、走行風により空調装置１の上面吸込口３と上面吹出口４にそれぞれ発生する圧力が図４に示すようにほぼ等しくなる（圧力差は略ゼロで一定している）ためであり、圧力差による通風抵抗の増大に起因した室外送風機の風量減少を抑制することを目的としている。図３において、５は室内カバーである。 The air conditioner 1 according to the present invention has an outdoor cover 2 as shown in FIG. 3, and the outdoor cover 2 has an upper surface inlet 3 of the outdoor blower at a position close to the back side (left side in FIG. 3) of the air conditioner 1. And an upper surface outlet 4 are provided. This is because the pressure generated by the traveling wind at the upper surface inlet 3 and the upper surface outlet 4 of the air conditioner 1 is substantially equal as shown in FIG. 4 (the pressure difference is substantially zero and constant), The purpose is to suppress the decrease in the air volume of the outdoor fan due to the increase in ventilation resistance due to the pressure difference. In FIG. 3, 5 is an indoor cover.

また、図５に示すように、空調装置１には、その先頭車両の先頭側から見た背面にも室外冷却風の背面吹出口６が設けられている。本実施例では、背面吹出口６は複数の丸孔として形成されているが、長孔に形成しても大きな開口として形成しても良い。背面吹出口６を設ける理由は、空調装置１の背後に屋根上風道４０を設けることにより、背面吹出口６からの排気を直接に車両外部に吹き出すことなく、一旦、屋根上風道４０に排気させる構造とすることができる。このような構造によって、空調装置１の背面は走行風の影響を直接受けず、室外送風機の風力に対して抵抗となる圧力差が発生するのを防止することができる。更に、空調装置１の背面には、背面吹出口６に対して枕木方向反対側の中心寄りに新鮮気口７が設けられており、屋根上風道４０の側面吸込口４２を通じて取り込まれた新鮮気が新鮮気口７を通じて空調装置１に取り込まれる。   Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the air conditioner 1 is also provided with a rear outlet 6 for outdoor cooling air on the back as viewed from the front side of the leading vehicle. In this embodiment, the rear outlet 6 is formed as a plurality of round holes, but may be formed as a long hole or a large opening. The reason why the rear air outlet 6 is provided is that the roof air passage 40 is provided behind the air conditioner 1 so that the exhaust from the rear air outlet 6 is not directly blown to the outside of the vehicle, but is temporarily supplied to the roof air passage 40. An exhaust structure can be employed. With such a structure, the back surface of the air conditioner 1 is not directly affected by the traveling wind, and it is possible to prevent a pressure difference that becomes a resistance against the wind force of the outdoor fan. In addition, a fresh air vent 7 is provided on the back surface of the air conditioner 1 near the center opposite to the sleeper direction with respect to the rear air outlet 6, and the fresh air taken in through the side air inlet 42 of the roof top air passage 40 is provided. The air is taken into the air conditioner 1 through the fresh air vent 7.

図６において、室外送風機８は送風方向が下吹きになるように配置されており、室外カバー２に設けられている吸込口３から吸い込んだ外気で凝縮器９を冷却した後に、その外気を室外カバー２の上面吹出口４と背面吹出口６から機外に放出する。また、空調装置１には、室外送風機８の吹き出し側の室外風道２４に隣接した内部空間に、新鮮気口７に通じている新鮮気風道１０が設けられており、給気送風機１１により新鮮気風道１０を通じて新鮮気が室内機に取り込まれる。新鮮気風道１０には、新鮮気の吸入流路を遮断して車両を気密にするために、給気締切弁１２が配設されている。 In FIG. 6, the outdoor blower 8 is arranged so that the blowing direction is downward blowing, and after cooling the condenser 9 with the outside air sucked from the suction port 3 provided in the outdoor cover 2, the outside air is discharged outside the room. The air is discharged from the upper surface outlet 4 and the rear surface outlet 6 of the cover 2 to the outside of the machine. In addition, the air conditioner 1 is provided with a fresh air air passage 10 leading to the fresh air vent 7 in an internal space adjacent to the outdoor air passage 24 on the blowing side of the outdoor air blower 8. new 鮮気 is taken into the indoor unit through the ethos road 10. The fresh air flow passages 10, in order to shut off the suction channel of the new 鮮気 to airtightly vehicle air supply shut-off valve 12 is disposed.

図７に示すように、空調装置１の冷凍サイクルにおいては、室外機側において圧縮機１３から吐き出された高温・高圧のガス冷媒は、凝縮器９で外気により冷却されて高圧の液冷媒となる。高圧の液冷媒は、キャピラリーチューブ１４で減圧された後、室内機側に設けられている蒸発器１５で客室の循環空気との熱交換により蒸発して低圧のガス冷媒となり、室外機側に設けられているアキュムレータ１６を通って圧縮機１３に戻る。   As shown in FIG. 7, in the refrigeration cycle of the air conditioner 1, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 13 on the outdoor unit side is cooled by the outside air in the condenser 9 and becomes high-pressure liquid refrigerant. . The high-pressure liquid refrigerant is decompressed by the capillary tube 14 and then evaporated by heat exchange with the circulating air in the cabin in the evaporator 15 provided on the indoor unit side to become a low-pressure gas refrigerant, which is provided on the outdoor unit side. Return to the compressor 13 through the accumulator 16 provided.

室内送風機（図示せず）は車両の天井内の風道に組み込まれており、圧縮機１３の真下を通る吹出風道１７と接続されて客室（運転室）の空気をリターン口１８から吸入して、蒸発器１５で冷却した空気を客室（運転室）内に送風する。   An indoor blower (not shown) is incorporated in an air passage in the ceiling of the vehicle, and is connected to a blowout air passage 17 that passes directly under the compressor 13 and sucks air from the cabin (operating room) from the return port 18. Then, the air cooled by the evaporator 15 is blown into the cabin (operating cabin).

図５に示す新鮮気口７を通じて新鮮気風道１０に吸入された外気と、図６及び図８に示すように室外送風機８から室外風道２４に吹き出された送風空気のうち室外風道２４の下部に設けた通風孔１９を通じて新鮮気風道１０に流入した空気とが、図８に示すフィルター２０を通ってろ過された後、図６に示す給気締切弁１２を通って給気送風機１１によりリターン室２５に送風される。室外送風機８の風量の一部が、空調装置１の背面に設けている新鮮気口７に通じている新鮮気風道１０に通風孔１９を通じて吹き出すので、新鮮気口７の圧力が負圧になっても、必要な新鮮気風量を確保することができる。   Of the outside air sucked into the fresh air vent 10 through the fresh air vent 7 shown in FIG. 5 and the blown air blown out from the outdoor blower 8 to the outdoor vent 24 as shown in FIGS. The air that has flowed into the fresh air duct 10 through the ventilation hole 19 provided in the lower part is filtered through the filter 20 shown in FIG. 8 and then passed through the air supply cutoff valve 12 shown in FIG. 6 by the air supply blower 11. The return chamber 25 is blown. Since a part of the air volume of the outdoor blower 8 is blown out through the ventilation hole 19 to the fresh air duct 10 leading to the fresh air vent 7 provided on the back surface of the air conditioner 1, the pressure of the fresh air vent 7 becomes negative. However, the necessary amount of fresh air can be secured.

排気送風機２１は、図９に示すように排気口２２から客室（運転室）内の空気を吸い込んで、圧縮機１３が設置された部屋に排風する。その結果、圧縮機１３の周囲空気は客室（運転室）内の排気で冷却されるので、圧縮機１３のコイル温度上昇が抑制される。圧縮機１３が設置された部屋に運転室から導入された空気（運転室からの排気空気）は、圧縮機１３が設置された部屋を仕切る壁に備えられた開口部（図示なし）から大気へ放出される。ここで、排気締切弁２３は、排気流路を遮断して車両を気密にするために取付けられる。   As shown in FIG. 9, the exhaust blower 21 sucks air in the cabin (operating cabin) from the exhaust port 22 and exhausts it into the room where the compressor 13 is installed. As a result, since the ambient air around the compressor 13 is cooled by the exhaust in the passenger compartment (operating room), an increase in the coil temperature of the compressor 13 is suppressed. Air introduced into the room where the compressor 13 is installed from the cab (exhaust air from the cab) enters the atmosphere from an opening (not shown) provided in a wall that partitions the room where the compressor 13 is installed. Released. Here, the exhaust cutoff valve 23 is attached in order to block the exhaust passage and to make the vehicle airtight.

１…鉄道車両用空調装置、２…室外カバー、３…上面吸込口、４…上面吹出口、５…室内カバー、６…背面吹出口、７…新鮮気口、８…室外送風機、９…凝縮器、１０…新鮮気風道、１１…給気送風機、１２…給気締切弁、１３…圧縮機、１４…キャピラリーチューブ、１５…蒸発器、１６…アキュムレータ、１７…吹出風道、１８…リターン口、１９…通風孔、２０…空気フィルター、２１…排気送風機、２２…排気口、２３…排気締切弁、２４…室外風道、２５…リターン室、３０…フェアリング、４０…屋根上風道、４１…隔壁、４２…側面吸込口、４３…側面吹出口。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Railway vehicle air conditioner, 2 ... Outdoor cover, 3 ... Upper surface inlet, 4 ... Upper surface outlet, 5 ... Indoor cover, 6 ... Rear outlet, 7 ... Fresh air outlet, 8 ... Outdoor fan, 9 ... Condensation , 10 ... fresh air blast, 11 ... air supply blower, 12 ... air supply shutoff valve, 13 ... compressor, 14 ... capillary tube, 15 ... evaporator, 16 ... accumulator, 17 ... air blowout, 18 ... return port , 19 ... Ventilation holes, 20 ... Air filter, 21 ... Exhaust blower, 22 ... Exhaust port, 23 ... Exhaust shut-off valve, 24 ... Outdoor air passage, 25 ... Return chamber, 30 ... Fairing, 40 ... Roof top air passage, 41 ... partition wall, 42 ... side inlet, 43 ... side outlet.

Claims (2)

鉄道車両の先頭車両の屋根上に設置される鉄道車両運転室用空調装置であって、
前記鉄道車両運転室用空調装置は、
前記鉄道車両運転室用空調装置の上面に、室内カバーと、室外カバーと、を備えており、
前記室外カバーは、
前記鉄道車両運転室用空調装置に備えられる室外送風機へ流入する空気が吸い込まれる上面吸込口と、
前記室外送風機からの排風が吐き出される上面吐出口と、を有しており、
前記上面吸込口と、前記上面吐出口と、は、前記鉄道車両運転室用空調装置の上面の車両進行方向背後側に近い位置に備えられており、
前記上面吸込口は前記鉄道車両運転室用空調装置の枕木方向の中央部に備えられるとともに前記上面吐出口は前記鉄道車両運転室用空調装置の枕木方向の側寄りに設けられている鉄道車両運転室用空調装置において、
前記鉄道車両運転室用空調装置の前記車両進行方向背後側の背面には、前記排風が吐き出される背面吹出口と、前記鉄道車両運転室用空調装置の内部に新鮮気を取り込む新鮮気口が備えられており、
前記鉄道車両運転室用空調装置の前記車両進行方向背後側の前記先頭車両の屋根上に屋根上風道が備えられており、
前記屋根上風道は、
前記屋根上風道の中央部が隔壁で仕切られた一対の仕切り室を備えており、一方の仕切り室の側壁には前記新鮮気が流入する側面吸込口が備えられるとともに、前記側面吸込口から前記新鮮気口に至る風道が形成されており、
他方の仕切り室の側壁には前記排風が排出される側面吹出口が備えられるとともに、前記背面吹出口から前記側面吹出口に至る風道が形成されていること
を特徴とする鉄道車両運転室用空調装置。 An air conditioner for a railway vehicle cab installed on the roof of the leading vehicle of a railway vehicle ,
The railway vehicle cab air conditioner is
On the upper surface of the railway vehicle cab air conditioner, an indoor cover and an outdoor cover are provided,
The outdoor cover is
An upper surface suction port through which air flowing into an outdoor fan provided in the air conditioner for the railway vehicle cab is sucked;
An upper surface discharge port from which exhaust air from the outdoor blower is discharged,
The upper surface suction port and the upper surface discharge port are provided at a position near the rear side in the vehicle traveling direction of the upper surface of the railway vehicle cab air conditioner,
The upper surface suction port is provided in a central portion in the sleeper direction of the railway vehicle cab air conditioner, and the upper surface discharge port is provided near the sleeper direction side of the railway vehicle cab air conditioner. In room air conditioners,
A rear air outlet from which the exhaust air is discharged and a fresh air vent that takes fresh air into the inside of the railway vehicle cab air conditioner are provided on the rear surface of the rail vehicle cab air conditioner on the rear side in the vehicle traveling direction. Provided,
A roof top airway is provided on the roof of the leading vehicle behind the traveling direction of the vehicle of the railway vehicle cab,
The roof wind path is
A central portion of the roof airway is provided with a pair of partition chambers partitioned by a partition wall, and a side suction port through which the fresh air flows is provided on a side wall of one partition chamber, and from the side suction port An air passage leading to the fresh mouth is formed,
A railway vehicle cab characterized in that a side air outlet from which the exhaust air is discharged is provided on a side wall of the other partition chamber, and an air passage extending from the rear air outlet to the side air outlet is formed. Air conditioner. 請求項１に記載された鉄道車両運転室用空調装置において、
前記室外送風機の吹き出し側に備えられる室外風道と、前記新鮮気口と、を接続する新鮮気風道が備えられること
を特徴とする鉄道車両運転室用空調装置。 In the railway vehicle cab air conditioner according to claim 1,
It said outdoor blower balloon and the outdoor air way provided in the side of the fresh air inlet and a railway vehicle cab air conditioner you characterized in that fresh air flow passage is provided to connect.
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