JP5418180B2 - Digital camera - Google Patents

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JP5418180B2
JP5418180B2 JP2009270358A JP2009270358A JP5418180B2 JP 5418180 B2 JP5418180 B2 JP 5418180B2 JP 2009270358 A JP2009270358 A JP 2009270358A JP 2009270358 A JP2009270358 A JP 2009270358A JP 5418180 B2 JP5418180 B2 JP 5418180B2
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篤史 中島
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Description

本発明は、撮像素子で位相差方式の焦点検出が可能なデジタルカメラに関する。   The present invention relates to a digital camera capable of performing phase difference focus detection with an image sensor.

画像データを得るための撮像素子で位相差方式の焦点検出を行うデジタルカメラが知られている。この種のカメラは、撮像により画像データと焦点検出信号とが同時に得られるため、連写を行う際に、前回の撮像で得た焦点検出信号を今回の撮像のための焦点調節に用いることで、撮像とは別に焦点検出を行う場合と比較して駒速アップが図れる(例えば、特許文献1参照)。   There is known a digital camera that performs phase difference type focus detection with an image sensor for obtaining image data. This type of camera obtains image data and a focus detection signal at the same time by imaging, so when performing continuous shooting, the focus detection signal obtained in the previous imaging is used for focus adjustment for the current imaging. The frame speed can be increased compared with the case where focus detection is performed separately from imaging (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

特開2008−310072号公報JP 2008-310072 A

従来、一眼レフカメラでは、専用の焦点検出センサを用いた位相差式の焦点検出を行っている。この従来型の焦点検出に代えて、上述した撮像素子を用いた位相差式焦点検出を行うことが考えられるが、従来型の焦点検出の方が有利な点もあるため、単純に撮像素子を用いた位相差式焦点検出に置き換えるのは得策ではない。   Conventionally, single-lens reflex cameras perform phase difference type focus detection using a dedicated focus detection sensor. Instead of this conventional focus detection, it is conceivable to perform phase difference focus detection using the above-described image sensor. However, since the conventional focus detection has advantages, the image sensor is simply used. It is not a good idea to replace the phase difference type focus detection used.

本発明に係るデジタルカメラは、撮影光学系の透過光束を受光して撮像を行う撮像手段と、撮像に先だってダウン位置からアップ位置に駆動され、1駒の撮像が終了するたびにダウン位置に復帰されるミラーユニットと、ダウン位置にあるミラーユニットを介して光束を受光し、位相差方式の焦点検出を行う第1の焦点検出手段と、撮像手段の撮像結果に基づいて位相差方式の焦点検出を行う第2の焦点検出手段と、連写時に、第1の焦点検出手段が選択されているときは、任意の駒の撮像後、ミラーユニットがダウン位置に駆動されるのを待って次駒のための焦点検出を行うとともに、その焦点検出結果に基づいて焦点調節を行い、第2の焦点検出手段が選択されているときは、任意の駒に対しその撮像結果に基づいて次駒のための焦点検出を行うとともに、その焦点検出結果に基づいて、ミラーユニットがダウン位置に駆動されるのに同期して焦点調節を行う焦点調節制御手段と、連写にあたり、予め設定されている連写速度および/または被写体輝度に基づいて、第1,第2の焦点検出手段のいずれかを選択する選択手段とを備えることを特徴とする。   The digital camera according to the present invention is driven from the down position to the up position prior to imaging, and is returned to the down position every time one frame is imaged. A first focus detection means for receiving a light beam through a mirror unit at a down position and performing phase difference focus detection, and phase difference focus detection based on an imaging result of the imaging means. When the second focus detection means to perform and the first focus detection means is selected during continuous shooting, after the imaging of an arbitrary frame, it waits for the mirror unit to be driven to the down position for the next frame. Focus detection is performed, focus adjustment is performed based on the focus detection result, and when the second focus detection means is selected, focus detection for the next frame is performed on an arbitrary frame based on the imaging result. And a focus adjustment control means for performing focus adjustment in synchronization with the mirror unit being driven to the down position based on the focus detection result, and a continuous shooting speed and / or Alternatively, a selection unit that selects one of the first and second focus detection units based on the subject luminance is provided.

本発明によれば、従来型の位相差式の焦点検出および撮像素子を用いた位相差式の焦点検出のそれぞれの利点を生かすことが可能となる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to take advantage of the respective advantages of conventional phase difference type focus detection and phase difference type focus detection using an image sensor.

本発明の一実施形態におけるデジタル一眼レフカメラの概略構成図。1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a digital single-lens reflex camera according to an embodiment of the present invention. カメラの制御系を示すブロック図。The block diagram which shows the control system of a camera. 連写時におけるカメラ各部の動作を示すタイムチャートであり、(a)が従来型の位相差式焦点検出を用いた場合を、(b)が撮像素子の出力に基づく位相差式焦点検出を用いた場合を、(c)はミラーバウンドの減衰状況をそれぞれ示す。It is a time chart which shows operation | movement of each part of a camera at the time of a continuous shooting, (a) is a case where the conventional phase difference type focus detection is used, (b) uses phase difference type focus detection based on the output of an image sensor. (C) shows the mirror bound attenuation state. 連写時の処理手順を示すフローチャート。The flowchart which shows the process sequence at the time of continuous shooting. 上記双方の焦点検出結果を用いた動体予測時のタイムチャート。The time chart at the time of the moving body prediction using both said focus detection results.

図1〜図5により本発明の一実施形態を説明する。
図1において、撮影レンズ20を透過した被写体光束は、カメラボディ10内のメインミラー(ハーフミラー)11Aで一部が反射され、ファインダ光学系を構成するペンタプリズム12および接眼レンズ13を介して接眼窓14から観察される。また、ペンタプリズム12を通過した一部の光束は測光素子15に入射し、測光素子15の光電変換出力は、測光回路15a(図2)を経て被写体輝度信号としてCPU55に入力される。
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
In FIG. 1, the subject luminous flux that has passed through the photographic lens 20 is partially reflected by the main mirror (half mirror) 11A in the camera body 10, and the eyepiece passes through the pentaprism 12 and the eyepiece 13 that constitute the finder optical system. Observed from the window 14. Further, a part of the light beam that has passed through the pentaprism 12 enters the photometric element 15, and the photoelectric conversion output of the photometric element 15 is input to the CPU 55 as a subject luminance signal via the photometric circuit 15a (FIG. 2).

一方、メインミラー11Aを透過した光束は、一部がサブミラー11Bで反射され、焦点検出用の光束として焦点検出モジュール16に導かれる。焦点検出モジュール16は、電荷蓄積型の焦点検出素子16a(図2)を含み、公知の位相差検出方式の焦点検出を行う。その焦点検出出力は、焦点検出回路16bを経てCPU55に入力される。   On the other hand, a part of the light beam transmitted through the main mirror 11A is reflected by the sub mirror 11B and guided to the focus detection module 16 as a light beam for focus detection. The focus detection module 16 includes a charge accumulation type focus detection element 16a (FIG. 2), and performs focus detection by a known phase difference detection method. The focus detection output is input to the CPU 55 via the focus detection circuit 16b.

レリーズ操作がなされると、ミラーユニット11(メインミラー11Aとサブミラー11B)がアップして撮影光路から退避し、この状態でシャッタ17が開放されると、撮影レンズ20の透過光束はシャッタ17を通過して撮像素子18に導かれ、露光が行われる。   When the release operation is performed, the mirror unit 11 (the main mirror 11A and the sub mirror 11B) is raised and retracted from the photographing optical path. When the shutter 17 is opened in this state, the transmitted light flux of the photographing lens 20 passes through the shutter 17. Then, the light is guided to the image sensor 18 and exposure is performed.

図2は上記カメラの制御ブロック図である。上記撮像素子18で得られた撮像信号は、画像処理部51に入力される。画像処理部51を構成する画像処理回路51aは、入力された撮像信号に種々の処理を施して画像データを生成する。生成された画像データは、コンピュータで扱うことが可能な画像ファイルとして、記録/再生回路51cによりメモリカード等の記録媒体52に記録される。   FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of the camera. An imaging signal obtained by the imaging element 18 is input to the image processing unit 51. The image processing circuit 51a constituting the image processing unit 51 performs various processes on the input imaging signal to generate image data. The generated image data is recorded on a recording medium 52 such as a memory card by the recording / reproducing circuit 51c as an image file that can be handled by a computer.

再生モードでは、記録媒体52に記録された画像データを記録/再生回路51cにて読み出し、画像処理回路51aおよび表示回路51bによる処理を経て、カメラ背面などに設けられた液晶モニタ53に表示することができる。   In the reproduction mode, the image data recorded on the recording medium 52 is read out by the recording / reproduction circuit 51c, and is displayed on the liquid crystal monitor 53 provided on the back of the camera, etc. through the processing by the image processing circuit 51a and the display circuit 51b. Can do.

露出制御部54は、CPU55からの指示に応じて不図示の絞りやシャッタ17を駆動する。フォーカス駆動部56は、CPU55からの指示に応じて撮影レンズ20の合焦光学系を駆動し、焦点調節を行う。ミラー駆動部57は、CPU55からの指示に応じてミラーアップ/ダウンを行う。CPU55は、操作部58からの入力に応答して各部を制御し、後述する連写制御を含む種々の動作を行う。操作部58は、電源ボタンやレリーズボタン、再生操作や情報入力等で用いる各種操作部材等を含む。   The exposure control unit 54 drives a diaphragm (not shown) and the shutter 17 in accordance with an instruction from the CPU 55. The focus driving unit 56 drives the focusing optical system of the photographic lens 20 in accordance with an instruction from the CPU 55 and performs focus adjustment. The mirror drive unit 57 performs mirror up / down according to an instruction from the CPU 55. The CPU 55 controls each unit in response to an input from the operation unit 58 and performs various operations including continuous shooting control described later. The operation unit 58 includes a power button, a release button, various operation members used for reproduction operation, information input, and the like.

ここで、本実施形態のカメラは、上述した焦点検出素子16aおよび測光素子15を用いた焦点検出および測光に加えて、撮像素子18の出力を用いた焦点検出および測光が可能である。撮像素子18は、通常の撮像用画素に加えて、撮影レンズの射出瞳上の対の領域を通過した光束を受光する複数の焦点検出用画素を有し、これらの焦点検出用画素の出力に基づき、位相差検出方式による焦点検出が可能とされる(例えば、引用文献1参照)。また、撮像素子18の出力から得た画像データの輝度分布を検出し、これを測光値として用いることができる。   Here, in addition to the focus detection and photometry using the focus detection element 16a and the photometry element 15 described above, the camera of the present embodiment can perform focus detection and photometry using the output of the image sensor 18. The image sensor 18 has a plurality of focus detection pixels that receive a light beam that has passed through a pair of regions on the exit pupil of the photographing lens, in addition to normal imaging pixels, and outputs the focus detection pixels. Based on this, it is possible to detect the focus by the phase difference detection method (see, for example, cited document 1). Further, the luminance distribution of the image data obtained from the output of the image sensor 18 can be detected and used as a photometric value.

以下の説明では、2種類の焦点検出方法のうち、専用の焦点検出素子16aを用いて行う従来型の位相差式焦点検出を「通常位相差検出」、撮像素子18の出力に基づいて行う位相差式焦点検出を「像面位相差検出」と呼ぶ。同様に2種類の測光方法のうち、専用の測光素子15を用いて行う測光を「通常測光」、撮像素子18の出力に基づく測光を「像面測光」と呼ぶ。   In the following description, of the two types of focus detection methods, the conventional phase difference type focus detection performed using the dedicated focus detection element 16 a is performed based on “normal phase difference detection” based on the output of the image sensor 18. The phase difference type focus detection is called “image plane phase difference detection”. Similarly, of the two types of metering methods, metering using the dedicated metering element 15 is referred to as “normal metering”, and metering based on the output of the image sensor 18 is referred to as “image surface metering”.

次に、カメラにおける連写制御について説明する。なお、連写モードでは、ユーザが好みに応じて連写速度(駒速)を選択できるものとする。   Next, continuous shooting control in the camera will be described. In the continuous shooting mode, the user can select the continuous shooting speed (frame speed) according to his / her preference.

図3は連写時におけるカメラ各部の動作を示し、(a)は通常位相差検出および通常測光を用いた場合を示している。
図3(a)において、連写モードでレリーズ操作がなされると、まず通常位相差検出および通常測光(図示A)が行われる。次いでミラーアップがなされるとともに、通常位相差検出結果に基づくレンズ駆動(焦点調節)、および通常測光結果に基づくAE演算(図示B)が行われる。AE演算は、絞り値やシャッタ秒時を求めるための演算である。
FIG. 3 shows the operation of each part of the camera during continuous shooting. FIG. 3A shows the case where normal phase difference detection and normal photometry are used.
In FIG. 3A, when a release operation is performed in the continuous shooting mode, first, normal phase difference detection and normal photometry (A in the figure) are performed. Then, the mirror is raised, and lens driving (focus adjustment) based on the normal phase difference detection result and AE calculation (B in the figure) based on the normal photometry result are performed. The AE calculation is a calculation for obtaining the aperture value and the shutter speed.

ミラーユニット11がアップ位置に達したことは、不図示の検出スイッチで検出できる。しかし、ミラーユニット11はアップ位置に達しても直ぐには安定せず、ある程度の時間はばたつく(ミラーバウンド)。そこで、ミラーバウンドが減衰するのに要する時間だけ待機し、しかる後に、AE演算結果に基づいて絞りやシャッタ17を駆動し、撮像素子18による1駒目の撮像(露光)を行う(図示C1)。撮像後、次の焦点検出およ測光を行うためミラーダウンがなされる。すなわち、通常位相差検出および通常測光は、それぞれサブミラー11B、メインミラー11Aの反射光を利用するため、これらを行うためにはミラーユニット11をダウン位置に戻す必要がある。   The fact that the mirror unit 11 has reached the up position can be detected by a detection switch (not shown). However, the mirror unit 11 is not stabilized immediately after reaching the up position, and flutters for a certain time (mirror bounce). Therefore, the system waits for the time required for the mirror bound to decay, and then drives the aperture and the shutter 17 based on the AE calculation result to capture the first frame (exposure) by the image sensor 18 (C1 in the figure). . After imaging, the mirror is lowered for the next focus detection and photometry. That is, since normal phase difference detection and normal photometry use the reflected light of the sub mirror 11B and the main mirror 11A, respectively, in order to perform these, it is necessary to return the mirror unit 11 to the down position.

ミラーユニット11がダウン位置に達したことは、不図示の検出スイッチで検出できるが、ここでもミラーバウンドが発生する(図3(c))。ミラーダウンは、ミラーダウンばねの付勢力によって行うため、ミラーアップ時(ばねチャージ時)と比べてミラーバウンドは大きく、また減衰するまでの時間も長くなる。ミラーバウンド中に通常位相差検出および通常測光を行うと、正確な検出結果が得られないおそれがあるため、ミラーユニット11がダウン位置に達した後、ミラーバウンドが減衰するのに要する時間だけ待機し、しかる後に、次駒のための通常位相差検出および通常測光を行う。このときの待機時間は、予め決められている。   The fact that the mirror unit 11 has reached the down position can be detected by a detection switch (not shown), but here also a mirror bounce occurs (FIG. 3C). Since the mirror down is performed by the urging force of the mirror down spring, the mirror bounce is larger than that at the time of mirror up (when the spring is charged), and the time until the mirror is attenuated is longer. If normal phase difference detection and normal photometry are performed during mirror bounce, an accurate detection result may not be obtained. Therefore, after the mirror unit 11 reaches the down position, it waits for the time required for the mirror bounce to decay. Thereafter, normal phase difference detection and normal photometry are performed for the next frame. The waiting time at this time is determined in advance.

以降、レリーズボタンが操作されている間は上記の動作が繰り返される。上述したように、撮像後に次の焦点検出および測光を行うには、ミラーダウンおよびミラーバウンドが減衰するまでの時間を待たなければならず、これが連写の高速化の障害となる。したがって、通常位相差検出および通常測光を用いた連写では、撮影者が選択した駒速を実現できないかもしれない。   Thereafter, the above operation is repeated while the release button is being operated. As described above, in order to perform the next focus detection and photometry after imaging, it is necessary to wait for the mirror down and the mirror bound to decay, which is an obstacle to the speed of continuous shooting. Therefore, in continuous shooting using normal phase difference detection and normal photometry, the frame speed selected by the photographer may not be realized.

一方、図3(b)は像面位相差検出および像面測光を用いた連写手順を示している。1駒目については像面位相差検出および像面測光は行えないため、上述と同様に通常位相差検出および通常測光(図示A)を行い、次いでミラーアップ動作、レンズ駆動およびAE演算(図示B)を行う。その後、1駒目の撮像を行うとともに、その撮像信号に基づいて、次駒のための像面位相差検出および像面測光を行う(図示C2)。しかる後、ミラーダウンを行う。次駒のための焦点検出および測光は既に済んでいるので、ここで行うミラーダウンは、被写体確認のためである(ミラーユニット11がアップしっぱなしではファインダで被写体を確認できない)。被写体確認用のミラーダウンでは、ミラーダウン後にミラーバウンドの減衰を待つ必要はないから、直ぐに次の撮像に備えてミラーアップを開始する。また、ミラーダウンに同期して、上記像面位相差検出の結果に基づくレンズ駆動、および像面測光に基づくAE演算を行う。   On the other hand, FIG. 3B shows a continuous shooting procedure using image plane phase difference detection and image plane photometry. Since image plane phase difference detection and image plane photometry cannot be performed for the first frame, normal phase difference detection and normal photometry (A in the figure) are performed in the same manner as described above, and then mirror up operation, lens driving, and AE calculation (in the figure B) )I do. Thereafter, the first frame is imaged, and based on the imaging signal, image plane phase difference detection and image plane photometry are performed for the next frame (C2 in the drawing). After that, the mirror is lowered. Since the focus detection and photometry for the next frame have already been completed, the mirror down performed here is for subject confirmation (the subject cannot be confirmed with the finder if the mirror unit 11 is kept up). In the mirror confirmation for subject confirmation, it is not necessary to wait for the mirror bound to decay after the mirror is down, so the mirror up is started immediately in preparation for the next imaging. In synchronization with mirror down, lens driving based on the detection result of the image plane phase difference and AE calculation based on image plane photometry are performed.

以降、レリーズボタンが操作されている間は、上記のC2およびBの動作が繰り返される。このように像面位相差検出および像面測光を用いることにより、ミラーダウンに同期してレンズ駆動等の動作を行うことができ、またミラーバウンドの減衰を待つ必要もないので、その分だけ駒速をアップさせることができる。   Thereafter, the operations of C2 and B are repeated while the release button is being operated. By using image plane phase difference detection and image plane photometry in this way, it is possible to perform operations such as lens driving in synchronization with mirror down, and there is no need to wait for the mirror bounce to decay. You can increase the speed.

以上から明らかなように、像面位相差検出および像面測光は、通常位相差検出および通常測光と比べて連写速度の点では有利である。一方で、像面位相差検出および像面測光は、ミラーダウン状態では使用できず、また性能的にも通常位相差検出および通常測光より劣る。そこで本実施形態では、以下に示すように、2種類の焦点検出および測光を使い分けることで、双方の利点を生かすようにしている。   As apparent from the above, image plane phase difference detection and image plane photometry are advantageous in terms of continuous shooting speed compared to normal phase difference detection and normal photometry. On the other hand, image plane phase difference detection and image plane photometry cannot be used in the mirror-down state, and are inferior to normal phase difference detection and normal photometry in terms of performance. Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown below, two types of focus detection and photometry are selectively used to take advantage of both advantages.

まず、像面位相差検出および像面測光がミラーダウン状態で使用できないことに鑑み、1駒撮りの場合は、通常位相差検出および通常測光を用いる。   First, in view of the fact that image plane phase difference detection and image plane photometry cannot be used in the mirror-down state, normal phase difference detection and normal photometry are used in the case of single-frame shooting.

次に、連写時の動作を図4のフローチャートを参照して説明する。
連写モード設定時にレリーズ操作がなされるのに伴い、CPU55により図4のプログラムが起動される。なお、レリーズ操作前の半押し操作の段階で、通常位相差検出および通常測光がなされている。
Next, the operation at the time of continuous shooting will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
4 is started by the CPU 55 as the release operation is performed when the continuous shooting mode is set. Note that normal phase difference detection and normal photometry are performed at the half-press operation stage before the release operation.

ステップS1では、ユーザにより設定されている連写速度や半押し段階での測光結果に基づいて、通常位相差検出および通常測光のみによる連写で上記連写速度が実現可能か否かを判定する。測光結果を加味するのは、被写体輝度が低いほど焦点検出時間(正確には焦点検出のための素子の電荷蓄積時間)が長くなるからである。設定されている連写速度がある程度以上高速の場合は、被写体輝度すなわち焦点検出時間に拘わらず、像面位相差検出でなければ上記連写速度を実現できないことがあり得る。また連写速度によっては、被写体輝度がある程度高ければ通常位相差検出による連写で連写速度が実現できるが、被写体輝度がそれ以下の場合は、像面位相差検出でなければ連写速度を実現できないということもあり得る。   In step S1, based on the continuous shooting speed set by the user and the photometric result in the half-pressed stage, it is determined whether or not the continuous shooting speed can be realized by normal phase difference detection and continuous shooting only by normal photometry. . The reason for taking the photometric result into account is that the lower the subject brightness, the longer the focus detection time (more precisely, the charge accumulation time of the element for focus detection). If the set continuous shooting speed is higher than a certain level, the above-described continuous shooting speed may not be realized unless the image plane phase difference is detected regardless of the subject brightness, that is, the focus detection time. Depending on the continuous shooting speed, if the subject brightness is high to some extent, the continuous shooting speed can be realized by continuous shooting with normal phase difference detection. It may not be possible.

ステップS1で実現不能と判定されるとステップS2に進み、像面位相差検出および像面測光による連写手順(図3(b)のB→C2)で1駒の撮像を行う。ただし、1駒目であれば通常位相差検出および通常測光を行う。撮像後、ステップS6に進んでレリーズ操作が継続しているか否かを判定し、否定されると処理を終了し、肯定されるとステップS1に戻る。   If it is determined in step S1 that it cannot be realized, the process proceeds to step S2, and one frame is imaged in a continuous shooting procedure (B → C2 in FIG. 3B) by image plane phase difference detection and image plane photometry. However, if it is the first frame, normal phase difference detection and normal photometry are performed. After imaging, the process proceeds to step S6 to determine whether or not the release operation is continued. When the result is negative, the process is terminated, and when the result is positive, the process returns to step S1.

一方、ステップS1で実現可能と判定された場合は、ステップS3において、公知の動体判定技術を用い、主要被写体と目される被写体が動体か否かを判定する。動体でない場合はステップS4に進み、通常位相差検出および通常測光による連写手順(図3(a)のA→B→C1)で1駒の撮像を行い、その後、ステップS6に進む。   On the other hand, if it is determined in step S1 that it is feasible, in step S3, a known moving object determination technique is used to determine whether or not the subject viewed as the main subject is a moving object. If it is not a moving object, the process proceeds to step S4, where one frame is imaged in a continuous shooting procedure (A → B → C1 in FIG. 3A) by normal phase difference detection and normal photometry, and then the process proceeds to step S6.

もし被写体が動体であった場合は、いわゆる動体予測を行って被写体の移動を予測し、その予測結果に基づいてレンズ駆動を行うことで、ピントが被写体に追従するようにする。動体予測は、前後の焦点検出結果を比較することで行うため、当然ながら焦点検出間隔が短いほど有利である。そこで本実施形態では、ステップS3で動体であることが判定されると、図5のような連写形態をとる(ステップS5)。   If the subject is a moving body, so-called moving body prediction is performed to predict the movement of the subject, and the lens is driven based on the prediction result so that the focus follows the subject. Since the moving object prediction is performed by comparing the front and rear focus detection results, it is natural that the shorter the focus detection interval, the more advantageous. Therefore, in this embodiment, if it is determined in step S3 that the object is a moving object, a continuous shooting mode as shown in FIG. 5 is taken (step S5).

この図5の形態は、基本的に図3(a)の形態と図3(b)の形態とを組み合わせたもので、図3(a)における通常位相差検出(A)と次の通常位相差検出(A)との間に像面位相差検出(C2)が行われる。そして、これら通常位相差検出と像面位相差検出の結果を用いて動体予測が行われ、その結果に基づいてレンズ駆動が行われる。これによれば、動体予測のための焦点検出の間隔を短くする(単位時間あたりの焦点検出回数を多くする)ことができるので、動体予測の精度を上げることができ、ピンぼけを抑制できる。また特に、画面内に複数の焦点検出エリアが設定されているものにおいて、互いに隣接する通常位相差検出用の焦点検出エリアの間に像面位相差検出用の焦点検出エリアを配することで、移動体が小さい場合でもこれを見失うことがなく、これによってもピンぼけを抑制できる。   The form of FIG. 5 is basically a combination of the form of FIG. 3A and the form of FIG. 3B, and the normal phase difference detection (A) in FIG. Image plane phase difference detection (C2) is performed between the phase difference detection (A). Then, moving object prediction is performed using the results of the normal phase difference detection and the image plane phase difference detection, and lens driving is performed based on the results. According to this, since the focus detection interval for moving object prediction can be shortened (the number of focus detections per unit time can be increased), the accuracy of moving object prediction can be increased, and defocusing can be suppressed. In particular, in the case where a plurality of focus detection areas are set in the screen, by arranging the focus detection area for detecting the image plane phase difference between the focus detection areas for detecting the normal phase difference adjacent to each other, Even if the moving body is small, this is not lost, and this can also suppress defocusing.

以上のように本実施形態では、連写時において、従来型の焦点検出(通常位相差検出)および撮像素子を用いた焦点検出(像面位相差検出)を状況に応じて使い分けるようにしたので、それぞれの焦点検出の利点を生かすことが可能となる。また図4のフローでは、1駒の撮像のたびにステップS1の判定がなされるので、連写の最中であっても状況に応じて連写形態が代わり、常に最適な形態で連写を継続することができる。   As described above, in the present embodiment, during continuous shooting, conventional focus detection (normal phase difference detection) and focus detection using an image sensor (image plane phase difference detection) are used depending on the situation. It is possible to take advantage of the respective focus detection. In the flow of FIG. 4, since the determination in step S1 is made every time one frame is imaged, the continuous shooting mode changes depending on the situation even during continuous shooting, and continuous shooting is always continued in the optimum mode. can do.

10 カメラボディ
11 ミラーユニット
15 測光素子
16 焦点検出モジュール
17 シャッタ
18 撮像素子
20 撮影レンズ
55 CPU
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Camera body 11 Mirror unit 15 Photometry element 16 Focus detection module 17 Shutter 18 Imaging element 20 Shooting lens 55 CPU

Claims (4)

撮影光学系の透過光束を受光して撮像を行う撮像手段と、
前記撮像に先だってダウン位置からアップ位置に駆動され、1駒の撮像が終了するたびにダウン位置に復帰されるミラーユニットと、
ダウン位置にあるミラーユニットを介して光束を受光し、位相差方式の焦点検出を行う第1の焦点検出手段と、
前記撮像手段の撮像結果に基づいて位相差方式の焦点検出を行う第2の焦点検出手段と、
連写時に、前記第1の焦点検出手段が選択されているときは、任意の駒の撮像後、前記ミラーユニットがダウン位置に駆動されるのを待って次駒のための焦点検出を行うとともに、その焦点検出結果に基づいて焦点調節を行い、前記第2の焦点検出手段が選択されているときは、任意の駒に対しその撮像結果に基づいて次駒のための焦点検出を行うとともに、その焦点検出結果に基づいて、前記ミラーユニットがダウン位置に駆動されるのに同期して焦点調節を行う焦点調節制御手段と、
連写にあたり、予め設定されている連写速度および/または被写体輝度に基づいて、前記第1,第2の焦点検出手段のいずれかを選択する選択手段とを備えることを特徴とするデジタルカメラ。
An image pickup means for picking up an image by receiving a transmitted light beam of the photographing optical system;
Prior to the imaging, the mirror unit is driven from the down position to the up position and returned to the down position every time one frame of imaging is completed,
First focus detection means for receiving a light beam through a mirror unit in a down position and performing phase difference type focus detection;
Second focus detection means for performing phase difference type focus detection based on an imaging result of the imaging means;
During continuous shooting, when the first focus detection means is selected, after imaging an arbitrary frame, the focus detection for the next frame is performed after the mirror unit is driven to the down position. When focus adjustment is performed based on the focus detection result and the second focus detection means is selected, focus detection for the next frame is performed on an arbitrary frame based on the imaging result, and the focus detection is performed. Based on the result, focus adjustment control means for performing focus adjustment in synchronization with the mirror unit being driven to the down position;
A digital camera comprising: a selection unit that selects one of the first and second focus detection units based on a preset continuous shooting speed and / or subject brightness in continuous shooting.
前記選択手段は、予め設定されている連写速度および/または被写体輝度に基づいて、前記設定されている連写速度が前記第1の焦点検出手段を用いて実現可能か否かを判定する判定部と、該判定部が実現不能と判断したときに前記第2の焦点検出手段を選択する選択部とを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のデジタルカメラ。   The selection unit determines whether the set continuous shooting speed is realizable using the first focus detection unit based on a preset continuous shooting speed and / or subject brightness. The digital camera according to claim 1, further comprising: a selection unit configured to select the second focus detection unit when the determination unit determines that the determination is impossible. 前記判定部が実現可能と判断したときに、被写体が動体か否かを判定する動体判定手段を更に備え、
前記選択部は、前記動体判定手段が動体でないと判断したときは前記第1の焦点検出手段を選択し、動体と判断したときは前記第1,第2の焦点検出手段の双方を選択し、
前記焦点調節制御手段は、前記双方の焦点検出手段が選択された場合は、該双方の焦点検出手段の検出出力に基づいて動体予測演算を行い、その演算結果に基づいて焦点調節を行うことを特徴とする請求項2に記載のデジタルカメラ。
When the determination unit determines that it is feasible, it further includes moving object determination means for determining whether or not the subject is a moving object,
The selection unit selects the first focus detection unit when the moving body determination unit determines that it is not a moving body, and selects both the first and second focus detection units when it determines that the moving body is a moving body,
The focus adjustment control means, when both of the focus detection means are selected, performs a moving object prediction calculation based on the detection outputs of the both focus detection means, and performs focus adjustment based on the calculation result. The digital camera according to claim 2, characterized in that:
前記ダウン位置にあるミラーユニットを介して光束を受光し、測光を行う第1の測光手段と、
前記撮像手段の撮像結果に基づいて測光を行う第2の測光手段と、
連写時に、前記第1の焦点検出手段が選択されているときは、任意の駒の撮像後、前記ミラーユニットがダウン位置に駆動されるのを待って次駒のための測光を前記第1の測光手段により行うとともに、その測光結果に基づいて露出制御演算を行い、第2の焦点検出手段が選択されているときは、任意の駒に対しその撮像結果に基づいて次駒のための測光を前記第2の測光手段により行うとともに、その測光結果に基づいて、前記ミラーユニットがダウン位置に駆動されるのに同期して露出制御演算を行う露出制御手段とを更に備えることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のデジタルカメラ。
First photometric means for receiving a light beam through the mirror unit at the down position and performing photometry;
Second photometric means for performing photometry based on the imaging result of the imaging means;
When the first focus detection means is selected during continuous shooting, after the imaging of an arbitrary frame, the first unit photometry is performed for the next frame after waiting for the mirror unit to be driven to the down position. And the exposure control calculation is performed based on the photometry result. When the second focus detection unit is selected, the photometry for the next frame is performed on the arbitrary frame based on the imaging result. 2. An exposure control means for performing exposure control calculation in synchronization with the mirror unit being driven to the down position based on the photometric result. The digital camera of any one of -3.
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