JP5372634B2 - Sampling waveform measuring device - Google Patents

Sampling waveform measuring device Download PDF

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JP5372634B2
JP5372634B2 JP2009166254A JP2009166254A JP5372634B2 JP 5372634 B2 JP5372634 B2 JP 5372634B2 JP 2009166254 A JP2009166254 A JP 2009166254A JP 2009166254 A JP2009166254 A JP 2009166254A JP 5372634 B2 JP5372634 B2 JP 5372634B2
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optical
pulse
optical modulator
gate width
electroabsorption
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JP2011021956A (en
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隆 森
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Anritsu Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To shorten time of optical gate operation of an electroabsorption type light modulator. <P>SOLUTION: A sampling waveform measuring device 101 includes: an optical pulse generator 11 which generates an optical pulse Ps; the electroabsorption type light modulator 12 which receives an optical signal Px to be measured and the optical pulse Ps as inputs and outputs an optical signal Py; and a light receiver 15 which converts the optical signal Py output from the electroabsorption type light modulator 12 into an electric signal Dy. The device 101 samples the optical signal Px to be measured, by utilizing the optical gate operation by the mutual absorption saturation of the electroabsorption type light modulator 12 on the occasion when the optical pulse Ps is input, and measures the waveform of the optical signal Px to be measured, by an equivalent sampling method. The device 101 includes a gate width adjusting means 16 which inputs to the light modulator 12 an electric pulse Vpm for gate width adjustment which increases a falling speed of the optical gate operation. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

本発明は、高分解能の等価サンプリングを行うサンプリング波形測定装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a sampling waveform measuring apparatus that performs high-resolution equivalent sampling.

電界吸収型光変調器の相互吸収飽和特性を用いた光サンプリングが提案されている(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。図9は、サンプリング波形測定装置の一例を示す概略構成図である。サンプリング波形測定装置は、一定周期の光パルスPsを発生する光パルス発生器11と、被測定光信号Pxと光パルスPsが入力されて光信号Pyを出力する電界吸収型光変調器12と、電界吸収型光変調器12に逆バイアス電圧を入力する逆バイアス電圧発生器13と、電界吸収型光変調器12から出射されたサンプリング後の光信号Pyを光電変換する受光器15と、を有する。光パルスPsが入力された際の電界吸収型光変調器12の相互吸収飽和による光ゲート動作を利用して被測定光信号Pxをサンプリングし、受光器15からの電気信号Dyを観察することで、等価サンプリング方式で被測定光信号Pxの波形を測定/評価することができる。   Optical sampling using the mutual absorption saturation characteristic of an electroabsorption optical modulator has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of a sampling waveform measuring apparatus. The sampling waveform measuring apparatus includes an optical pulse generator 11 that generates an optical pulse Ps having a constant period, an electroabsorption optical modulator 12 that receives an optical signal to be measured Px and an optical pulse Ps and outputs an optical signal Py, A reverse bias voltage generator 13 for inputting a reverse bias voltage to the electroabsorption optical modulator 12, and a photoreceiver 15 for photoelectrically converting the sampled optical signal Py emitted from the electroabsorption optical modulator 12. . By sampling the optical signal to be measured Px using the optical gate operation due to the mutual absorption saturation of the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 when the optical pulse Ps is input, and observing the electric signal Dy from the light receiver 15. The waveform of the measured optical signal Px can be measured / evaluated by the equivalent sampling method.

しかし、電界吸収型光変調器12の耐電圧が低く逆バイアス電圧が低い場合、図10に示すように、ゲート幅すなわち電界吸収型光変調器12の光ゲートが開く時間が長くなり、サンプリング波形の時間分解能が悪化する問題があった。   However, when the withstand voltage of the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 is low and the reverse bias voltage is low, as shown in FIG. 10, the gate width, that is, the time during which the optical gate of the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 is opened increases. There is a problem that the time resolution of the system deteriorates.

また、光パルスPsの強度が低い場合、図11(a)に示すように、光パルスの強度変化に対する電界吸収型光変調器12の透過率変化は非常に大きいため、光パルスの強度を精度よく一定に保つ必要があった。   Further, when the intensity of the optical pulse Ps is low, as shown in FIG. 11A, the transmittance change of the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 with respect to the intensity change of the optical pulse is very large. It was necessary to keep it well.

光パルスの強度をある一定値よりも大きくすると、図11(a)に示すように電界吸収型光変調器の透過率変化が小さくなり、光パルスの強度変化に対して寛容になる。しかし、図11(b)に示すようにゲート幅が長くなり、サンプリング波形の時間分解能が悪化する問題があった。   When the intensity of the optical pulse is made larger than a certain value, the transmittance change of the electroabsorption optical modulator becomes small as shown in FIG. 11A, and the optical pulse becomes tolerant to the intensity change of the optical pulse. However, as shown in FIG. 11B, there is a problem that the gate width becomes long and the time resolution of the sampling waveform deteriorates.

国際公開2008/087809International Publication 2008/088709

図12に、ゲート幅が長くなったときの電界吸収型光変調器の透過率の時間変化を示す。電界吸収型光変調器の逆バイアス電圧が低い場合や、光パルスの強度が大きすぎる場合、電界吸収型光変調器の透過率は後ろに尾を引く形で時間幅が長くなるため、サンプリング波形の時間分解能が悪化し、高速の被測定光信号を精度よく測定することができなくなる。   FIG. 12 shows the change over time of the transmittance of the electroabsorption optical modulator when the gate width is increased. If the reverse bias voltage of the electroabsorption optical modulator is low or the intensity of the optical pulse is too high, the transmittance of the electroabsorption optical modulator will increase the time width in a trailing manner, so the sampling waveform Therefore, the time resolution of the optical signal is deteriorated, and a high-speed optical signal to be measured cannot be accurately measured.

そこで、本発明の目的は、電界吸収型光変調器の光ゲート動作の時間幅を短縮することにある。   Therefore, an object of the present invention is to shorten the time width of the optical gate operation of the electroabsorption optical modulator.

上記目的を達成するために、本願発明のサンプリング波形測定装置は、光パルスを発生する光パルス発生器(11)と、被測定光信号及び前記光パルスが入力される電界吸収型光変調器(12)と、前記電界吸収型光変調器から出力された光信号を電気信号に変換する受光器(15)と、を備え、前記光パルスが入力された際の前記電界吸収型光変調器の相互吸収飽和による光ゲート動作を利用して前記被測定光信号をサンプリングし、等価サンプリング方式で前記被測定光信号の波形を測定するサンプリング波形測定装置(101)において、前記電界吸収型光変調器の光ゲートが閉じる方向の極性を有しかつ前記光ゲート動作の立ち下がり速度を速めるゲート幅調整用電気パルスを前記電界吸収型光変調器に入力するゲート幅調整手段(16)を備えることを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, a sampling waveform measuring apparatus according to the present invention includes an optical pulse generator (11) for generating an optical pulse, and an electroabsorption optical modulator (input optical signal to be measured and the optical pulse) ( 12) and a light receiver (15) for converting the optical signal output from the electroabsorption optical modulator into an electric signal, and the electroabsorption optical modulator when the optical pulse is input. In the sampling waveform measuring apparatus (101) for sampling the optical signal to be measured using an optical gate operation by mutual absorption saturation and measuring the waveform of the optical signal to be measured by an equivalent sampling method, the electroabsorption optical modulator the gate width adjusting means for the gate width adjusting electrical pulses input to the electro-absorption optical modulator to increase the falling speed of a polarity of the light gate is closed direction and the optical gate operation ( Characterized in that it comprises a 6).

ゲート幅調整手段(16)を備えることで、電界吸収型光変調器の透過率変化におけるパルス状の後縁の透過率が減少するため、光ゲート動作の時間幅を短縮し、サンプリングの時間分解能を改善することができる。   By providing the gate width adjusting means (16), the transmittance of the trailing edge of the pulse shape in the transmittance change of the electroabsorption optical modulator is reduced, so that the time width of the optical gate operation is shortened and the sampling time resolution is reduced. Can be improved.

本願発明のサンプリング波形測定装置では、前記ゲート幅調整手段は、前記光パルスが入力された際に前記電界吸収型光変調器の電極に発生する電気パルスの極性を反転させ、所定の遅延時間後に前記電界吸収型光変調器の電極に戻すことによって、前記ゲート幅調整用電気パルスを前記電界吸収型光変調器に入力することが好ましい。   In the sampling waveform measuring apparatus of the present invention, the gate width adjusting means inverts the polarity of the electric pulse generated at the electrode of the electroabsorption optical modulator when the optical pulse is input, and after a predetermined delay time. It is preferable that the electric pulse for gate width adjustment is input to the electroabsorption optical modulator by returning to the electrode of the electroabsorption optical modulator.

電界吸収型光変調器の電極に発生するゲート幅調整用電気パルスを用いるため、ゲート幅調整用電気パルスを発生させるための手段を別途設けることなく光ゲート動作の立ち下がり速度を速めることができる。これにより、簡易な構成で本発明に係るサンプリング波形測定装置を構成することができる。
また、電界吸収型光変調器の電圧のゲート動作時に発生する電気パルスを用いるため、光ゲート動作の立ち下がりにタイミングを合わせることができる。
Since the electric pulse for adjusting the gate width generated at the electrode of the electroabsorption optical modulator is used, the falling speed of the optical gate operation can be increased without providing a separate means for generating the electric pulse for adjusting the gate width. . Thereby, the sampling waveform measuring apparatus according to the present invention can be configured with a simple configuration.
In addition, since an electric pulse generated during the gate operation of the voltage of the electroabsorption optical modulator is used, the timing can be matched to the falling edge of the optical gate operation.

本願発明のサンプリング波形測定装置では、前記ゲート幅調整手段は、一端が前記電界吸収型光変調器の電極に接続され、他端が短絡された電気導波路(21)を備え、前記電界吸収型光変調器の電極で発生した電気パルスを前記電気導波路に伝搬させた後、前記短絡端で前記電気パルスの極性を反転させて反射させ、前記ゲート幅調整用電気パルスとして前記電界吸収型光変調器の電極に戻すことが好ましい。   In the sampling waveform measuring apparatus of the present invention, the gate width adjusting means includes an electric waveguide (21) having one end connected to an electrode of the electroabsorption optical modulator and the other end short-circuited, and the electroabsorption type After propagating the electric pulse generated at the electrode of the optical modulator to the electric waveguide, the electric pulse is inverted at the short-circuited end and reflected, and the electric field absorption light is used as the gate width adjusting electric pulse. It is preferred to return to the modulator electrode.

短絡器をコンデンサで構成すれば、交流成分が短絡されるので、電界吸収型光変調器の電極で発生した電気パルスの極性を反転して反射させることと、直流の逆バイアス電圧を印加することと、を簡単な構成で両立することができる。光パルスによって発生したゲート幅調整用電気パルスをその光パルスによって光ゲートが開いている間に電界吸収型光変調器に戻す構成では、電気導波路の長さが短くなるので、ゲート幅調整手段の電界吸収型光変調器への集積化が可能である。   If the short-circuit is configured with a capacitor, the AC component is short-circuited, so the polarity of the electric pulse generated at the electrode of the electroabsorption optical modulator is reversed and reflected, and a DC reverse bias voltage is applied. Can be achieved with a simple configuration. In the configuration in which the electric pulse for gate width adjustment generated by the optical pulse is returned to the electroabsorption optical modulator while the optical gate is opened by the optical pulse, the length of the electric waveguide is shortened. Can be integrated into an electroabsorption optical modulator.

本願発明のサンプリング波形測定装置では、前記ゲート幅調整手段は、一端が前記電界吸収型光変調器の電極に接続された同軸ケーブル(31)と、前記同軸ケーブルに設けられ、前記電界吸収型光変調器に印加された直流バイアス電圧を遮断する直流遮断コンデンサ(32)と、前記同軸ケーブルの他端に接続された短絡器(33)とを備え、前記電界吸収型光変調器の電極で発生した電気パルスを前記同軸ケーブルに伝搬させた後、前記短絡器で前記電気パルスの極性を反転させて反射させ、前記ゲート幅調整用電気パルスとして前記電界吸収型光変調器の電極に戻すことが好ましい。   In the sampling waveform measuring apparatus of the present invention, the gate width adjusting means is provided on the coaxial cable (31) having one end connected to the electrode of the electroabsorption optical modulator, and the electroabsorption optical light. A DC blocking capacitor (32) for cutting off a DC bias voltage applied to the modulator, and a short circuit (33) connected to the other end of the coaxial cable, are generated at the electrodes of the electroabsorption optical modulator. After propagating the electrical pulse to the coaxial cable, the polarity of the electrical pulse is reversed and reflected by the short-circuit device, and returned to the electrode of the electroabsorption optical modulator as the gate width adjusting electrical pulse. preferable.

電気導波路を比較的長い同軸ケーブルとすることで、比較的長い遅延時間の後に電気パルスを電界吸収型光変調器に戻すことができる。これにより、光パルスによって発生したゲート幅調整用電気パルスをその次以降の光パルスによって光ゲートが開いている間に電界吸収型光変調器に戻すサンプリング波形測定装置を構成することができる。   By making the electrical waveguide a relatively long coaxial cable, the electrical pulse can be returned to the electroabsorption optical modulator after a relatively long delay time. Thus, it is possible to configure a sampling waveform measuring apparatus that returns the gate width adjusting electric pulse generated by the optical pulse to the electroabsorption optical modulator while the optical gate is opened by the subsequent optical pulse.

本願発明のサンプリング波形測定装置では、前記ゲート幅調整手段は、前記光パルスと同期したゲート幅調整用電気パルスを発生する電気パルス発生器(41)を有し、前記光ゲートが開いている間のうちの後方時点で、前記電気パルス発生器からの前記ゲート幅調整用電気パルスを前記電界吸収型光変調器に入力することが好ましい。   In the sampling waveform measuring apparatus of the present invention, the gate width adjusting means has an electric pulse generator (41) for generating a gate width adjusting electric pulse synchronized with the optical pulse, and the optical gate is open. It is preferable that the electrical pulse for gate width adjustment from the electrical pulse generator is input to the electroabsorption optical modulator at a later time.

独立した電気パルス発生器を備えることで、電界吸収型光変調器に発生する電気パルスよりも振幅の大きな電気パルスや任意の形状の電気パルスをゲート幅調整用電気パルスとして発生させることができる。これにより、光ゲート動作の立ち下がり速度を効率よく速めるとともに、電界吸収型光変調器の透過率変化におけるパルス状の透過率の形状を調整することができる。   By providing an independent electric pulse generator, an electric pulse having an amplitude larger than that of the electric pulse generated in the electroabsorption optical modulator or an electric pulse having an arbitrary shape can be generated as an electric pulse for gate width adjustment. As a result, the falling speed of the optical gate operation can be efficiently increased, and the shape of the pulsed transmittance in the transmittance change of the electroabsorption optical modulator can be adjusted.

本願発明のサンプリング波形測定装置では、前記ゲート幅調整手段は、前記光パルスが入力されゲート幅調整用電気パルスを出力する第2の受光器(51)を有し、前記光ゲートが開いている間のうちの後方時点で、前記第2の受光器からの前記ゲート幅調整用電気パルスを前記電界吸収型光変調器に入力することが好ましい。   In the sampling waveform measuring apparatus of the present invention, the gate width adjusting means has a second light receiver (51) that receives the optical pulse and outputs an electrical pulse for gate width adjustment, and the optical gate is open. It is preferable that the gate width adjusting electric pulse from the second light receiver is input to the electroabsorption optical modulator at a later point in time.

第2の受光器を備えることで、光パルスと同期したタイミングで、タイミングジッタの少ないゲート幅調整用電気パルスを発生させることができる。また、変換効率の高い第2の受光器を用いたり、第2の受光器の出力に電気増幅器を挿入したりすることにより、電界吸収型光変調器に発生する電気パルスよりも振幅の大きなゲート幅調整用電気パルスを発生することもできる。   By providing the second light receiver, an electric pulse for gate width adjustment with little timing jitter can be generated at a timing synchronized with the optical pulse. A gate having a larger amplitude than an electric pulse generated in an electroabsorption optical modulator by using a second light receiver having high conversion efficiency or inserting an electric amplifier into the output of the second light receiver. An electric pulse for width adjustment can also be generated.

なお、上記各発明は、可能な限り組み合わせることができる。   The above inventions can be combined as much as possible.

本発明によれば、電界吸収型光変調器の光ゲート動作の時間幅を短縮することが可能となる。   According to the present invention, the time width of the optical gate operation of the electroabsorption optical modulator can be shortened.

実施形態1に係るサンプリング波形測定装置の一例を示す構成概略図である。1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of a sampling waveform measuring apparatus according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 実施形態1に係るサンプリング波形測定装置の効果を示す図であり、(a)はゲート幅調整用電気パルスVpmの一例を示し、(b)は電界吸収型光変調器の透過率変化を示す。It is a figure which shows the effect of the sampling waveform measuring apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1, (a) shows an example of the electric pulse Vpm for gate width adjustment, (b) shows the transmittance | permeability change of an electroabsorption optical modulator. 実施形態2に係るサンプリング波形測定装置の一例を示す構成概略図である。FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of a sampling waveform measuring apparatus according to a second embodiment. 電気導波路の往復の遅延時間の設定例を示し、(a)は光ゲートが開いている間に戻す場合を示し、(b)は次の光パルスによって光ゲートが開いている間に戻す場合を示す。An example of setting the round-trip delay time of the electric waveguide is shown, (a) shows a case of returning while the optical gate is open, and (b) is a case of returning while the optical gate is opened by the next optical pulse. Indicates. ゲート幅調整手段の具体的な第1例を示す。A specific first example of the gate width adjusting means will be described. ゲート幅調整手段の具体的な第2例を示す。A specific second example of the gate width adjusting means will be shown. 実施形態3に係るサンプリング波形測定装置の一例を示す構成概略図である。FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of a sampling waveform measuring apparatus according to a third embodiment. 実施形態4に係るサンプリング波形測定装置の一例を示す構成概略図である。FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of a sampling waveform measuring apparatus according to a fourth embodiment. サンプリング波形測定装置の一例を示す構成概略図である。It is a composition schematic diagram showing an example of a sampling waveform measuring device. 逆バイアス電圧に対するゲート幅の一例を示す。An example of the gate width with respect to the reverse bias voltage is shown. 光パルスの強度に対する電界吸収型光変調器の特性の一例であり、(a)は電界吸収型光変調器の透過率を示し、(b)は電界吸収型光変調器のゲート幅を示す。It is an example of the characteristic of the electroabsorption optical modulator with respect to the intensity | strength of an optical pulse, (a) shows the transmittance | permeability of an electroabsorption optical modulator, (b) shows the gate width of an electroabsorption optical modulator. 光ゲートの時間幅が長くなった場合のゲート透過率の時間変化を示す。The time change of the gate transmittance when the time width of the optical gate becomes longer is shown.

添付の図面を参照して本発明の実施形態を説明する。以下に説明する実施形態は本発明の実施例であり、本発明は、以下の実施形態に制限されるものではない。なお、本明細書及び図面において符号が同じ構成要素は、相互に同一のものを示すものとする。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below are examples of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. In the present specification and drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same components.

(実施形態1)
図1は、本実施形態に係るサンプリング波形測定装置の一例を示す構成概略図である。本実施形態に係るサンプリング波形測定装置101は、光パルス発生器11と、電界吸収型光変調器12と、逆バイアス電圧発生器13と、光カプラ14と、受光器15と、ゲート幅調整手段16を備える。
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of a sampling waveform measuring apparatus according to the present embodiment. A sampling waveform measuring apparatus 101 according to this embodiment includes an optical pulse generator 11, an electroabsorption optical modulator 12, a reverse bias voltage generator 13, an optical coupler 14, a light receiver 15, and gate width adjusting means. 16.

電界吸収型光変調器12に被測定光信号Pxが入射される。光パルス発生器11は、光パルスPsを発生する。逆バイアス電圧発生器13は、電界吸収型光変調器12にバイアス電圧を印加する。電界吸収型光変調器12は、被測定光信号Px及び光パルスPsが入力され、光信号Pyを出力する。光パルスPsが入力された際の電界吸収型光変調器12の相互吸収飽和による光ゲート動作を利用して被測定光信号Pxをサンプリングし、等価サンプリング方式で被測定光信号Pxの波形を測定する。   The measured optical signal Px is incident on the electroabsorption optical modulator 12. The optical pulse generator 11 generates an optical pulse Ps. The reverse bias voltage generator 13 applies a bias voltage to the electroabsorption optical modulator 12. The electroabsorption optical modulator 12 receives the measured optical signal Px and the optical pulse Ps, and outputs an optical signal Py. The optical signal to be measured Px is sampled by using the optical gate operation by the mutual absorption saturation of the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 when the optical pulse Ps is input, and the waveform of the optical signal to be measured Px is measured by the equivalent sampling method. To do.

サンプリング後の光信号Pyは、電界吸収型光変調器12から出射され、受光器15に入射される。受光器15は、電界吸収型光変調器12から出力された光信号Pyを電気信号に変換し、電気信号Dyを出力する。電気信号Dyを観察することで、等価サンプリング方式で被測定光信号Pxの波形評価を行うことができる。   The sampled optical signal Py is emitted from the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 and enters the light receiver 15. The light receiver 15 converts the optical signal Py output from the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 into an electrical signal and outputs an electrical signal Dy. By observing the electric signal Dy, the waveform of the measured optical signal Px can be evaluated by the equivalent sampling method.

ゲート幅調整手段16は、光ゲート動作の立ち下がり速度を速めるゲート幅調整用電気パルスVpmを発生して電界吸収型光変調器12に入力する。図2(a)はゲート幅調整用電気パルスVpmの一例を示し、図2(b)の破線はゲート幅調整用電気パルスVpmを印加しないときの電界吸収型光変調器12の透過率変化を示し、図2(b)の実線はゲート幅調整用電気パルスVpmを印加したときの電界吸収型光変調器12の透過率変化を示す。図2(b)の破線に示すように、ゲート幅調整用電気パルスVpmを印加しない場合、光ゲートが開いている間のうちの後方時点では、透過率変化におけるパルス状の後縁は尾を引いている。光ゲートが開いている間のうちの後方時点で、図2(a)に示す負のゲート幅調整用電気パルスVpmを電界吸収型光変調器12に印加する。これにより、負のゲート幅調整用電気パルスVpmによって光ゲートが閉じる方向に作用するので、図2(b)の実線に示すように、光ゲート動作の立ち下がり速度が速まり、ゲート幅が狭くなる。したがって、サンプリング波形測定装置101は、電界吸収型光変調器12の光ゲート動作の時間幅を短縮することが可能となる。   The gate width adjusting means 16 generates a gate width adjusting electric pulse Vpm that increases the falling speed of the optical gate operation and inputs it to the electroabsorption optical modulator 12. FIG. 2A shows an example of the gate width adjusting electric pulse Vpm, and the broken line in FIG. 2B shows a change in transmittance of the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 when the gate width adjusting electric pulse Vpm is not applied. The solid line in FIG. 2B shows the change in transmittance of the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 when the gate width adjusting electric pulse Vpm is applied. As shown by the broken line in FIG. 2B, when the electric pulse Vpm for adjusting the gate width is not applied, the trailing edge of the pulse shape in the transmittance change has a tail at the rear time point while the optical gate is open. Pulling. A negative gate width adjusting electric pulse Vpm shown in FIG. 2A is applied to the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 at a later point in time while the optical gate is open. As a result, the negative gate width adjusting electric pulse Vpm acts in the direction of closing the optical gate, so that the falling speed of the optical gate operation is increased and the gate width is narrowed, as shown by the solid line in FIG. Become. Therefore, the sampling waveform measuring apparatus 101 can shorten the time width of the optical gate operation of the electroabsorption optical modulator 12.

(実施形態2)
図3は、本実施形態に係るサンプリング波形測定装置の一例を示す構成概略図である。本実施形態に係るサンプリング波形測定装置102では、ゲート幅調整手段16は、光パルスPsが入力された際に電界吸収型光変調器12の電極(不図示)に発生する電気パルスVppの極性を反転させ、所定の遅延時間後に電界吸収型光変調器12の電極に戻すことによって、電気パルスVppの極性を反転させたゲート幅調整用電気パルスVpmを電界吸収型光変調器12に入力することを特徴とする。
(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of the sampling waveform measuring apparatus according to the present embodiment. In the sampling waveform measuring apparatus 102 according to the present embodiment, the gate width adjusting unit 16 determines the polarity of the electric pulse Vpp generated at the electrode (not shown) of the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 when the optical pulse Ps is input. The gate width adjusting electric pulse Vpm in which the polarity of the electric pulse Vpp is inverted is input to the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 by inverting and returning to the electrode of the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 after a predetermined delay time. It is characterized by.

電界吸収型光変調器12に光パルスPsを入力すると、電界吸収型光変調器12の電気入力端子に正の電気パルスVppが発生する。この正の電気パルスVppが電気導波路21を伝搬し、短絡器22で極性が反転し、負のゲート幅調整用電気パルスVpmとなり電気導波路21を逆に伝搬して電界吸収型光変調器12に戻る。   When the optical pulse Ps is input to the electroabsorption optical modulator 12, a positive electric pulse Vpp is generated at the electric input terminal of the electroabsorption optical modulator 12. The positive electric pulse Vpp propagates through the electric waveguide 21, the polarity is reversed by the short-circuiting device 22, becomes a negative gate width adjusting electric pulse Vpm, propagates backward through the electric waveguide 21, and is an electroabsorption optical modulator. Return to 12.

光ゲートが開いているとき(尾を引いているとき)に負のゲート幅調整用電気パルスVpmが電界吸収型光変調器12に戻るように電気導波路21の遅延時間を設定すると、負のゲート幅調整用電気パルスVpmによって光ゲートが閉じる方向に作用するので、図2(b)の実線に示すようにゲート幅が狭くなる。   When the delay time of the electric waveguide 21 is set so that the negative gate width adjusting electric pulse Vpm returns to the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 when the optical gate is open (when the tail is pulled), a negative value is obtained. Since the optical gate acts in the closing direction by the gate width adjusting electric pulse Vpm, the gate width is narrowed as shown by the solid line in FIG.

電気導波路21の往復の遅延時間は、例えば、図4(a)のように、光パルスPsによって発生したゲート幅調整用電気パルスVpmを、その光パルスPsによって光ゲートが開いている間に電界吸収型光変調器に戻す。または、図4(b)のように、光パルスPsによって発生したゲート幅調整用電気パルスVpmを、その次以降の光パルスPsによって光ゲートが開いている間に電界吸収型光変調器に戻す。図4(b)では、一例として、次の光パルスPsによって光ゲートが開いている間に電界吸収型光変調器に戻す例を示したが、次の光パルスPsは、n周期(nは1以上の整数。)後のいずれであってもよい。   The round-trip delay time of the electric waveguide 21 is, for example, as shown in FIG. 4A, the gate width adjusting electric pulse Vpm generated by the optical pulse Ps, while the optical gate is opened by the optical pulse Ps. Return to the electroabsorption modulator. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4B, the gate width adjusting electric pulse Vpm generated by the optical pulse Ps is returned to the electroabsorption optical modulator while the optical gate is opened by the subsequent optical pulse Ps. . In FIG. 4B, as an example, an example is shown in which the next optical pulse Ps is returned to the electroabsorption optical modulator while the optical gate is open, but the next optical pulse Ps has an n period (n is Any integer after 1).

なお、電界吸収型光変調器12には直流の逆バイアス電圧を印加するので、電気導波路21を短絡する場合は途中に直流遮断コンデンサを挿入するか又はコンデンサによる交流成分の短絡にする必要がある。   Since a DC reverse bias voltage is applied to the electroabsorption optical modulator 12, when the electrical waveguide 21 is short-circuited, it is necessary to insert a DC blocking capacitor in the middle or to short-circuit the AC component by the capacitor. is there.

図5に、ゲート幅調整手段の具体的な第1例を示す。ゲート幅調整手段61は、一端が電界吸収型光変調器12の電極に接続され、他端が短絡された電気導波路21を備え、電界吸収型光変調器12の電極で発生した電気パルスを電気導波路21に伝搬させた後、短絡端に配置されたコンデンサ23で電気パルスの極性を反転させて反射させ、ゲート幅調整用電気パルスとして電界吸収型光変調器12の電極に戻す。図5は、電気導波路21と端落用コンデンサ23を電界吸収型光変調器12のチップに集積化した例である。   FIG. 5 shows a first specific example of the gate width adjusting means. The gate width adjusting means 61 includes an electric waveguide 21 having one end connected to the electrode of the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 and the other end short-circuited, and an electric pulse generated at the electrode of the electroabsorption optical modulator 12. After propagating to the electric waveguide 21, the polarity of the electric pulse is inverted and reflected by the capacitor 23 arranged at the short-circuited end, and returned to the electrode of the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 as an electric pulse for gate width adjustment. FIG. 5 shows an example in which the electric waveguide 21 and the dropping capacitor 23 are integrated on the chip of the electroabsorption optical modulator 12.

電界吸収型光変調器12で電気パルスが発生してから電界吸収型光変調器12に戻るまでの時間は、電気導波路21の往復の遅延時間となる。光ゲートが開いているとき(尾を引いているとき)に負の電気パルスがゲート幅調整用電気パルスVpmとして電界吸収型光変調器12に戻るように電気導波路21の遅延時間を設定する。コンデンサ23は、電気導波路21の短絡端に配置されていてもよいし、電気導波路21の途中に配置されていてもよい。   The time from when the electric pulse is generated in the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 to the return to the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 is a round trip delay time of the electric waveguide 21. The delay time of the electric waveguide 21 is set so that the negative electric pulse returns to the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 as the gate width adjusting electric pulse Vpm when the optical gate is open (when the tail is pulled). . The capacitor 23 may be arranged at the short-circuit end of the electric waveguide 21 or may be arranged in the middle of the electric waveguide 21.

逆バイアス電圧発生器13は、直流電源13a、バイアスT13b、終端器13cからなり、電界吸収型光変調器12に直流のバイアス電圧を印加するときに、ゲート幅調整手段61からのゲート幅調整用電気パルスや光パルスPsによって電界吸収型光変調器12の電極に発生する電気パルスが反射しないようにインピーダンス整合をとって終端する。   The reverse bias voltage generator 13 includes a DC power supply 13a, a bias T13b, and a terminator 13c. When applying a DC bias voltage to the electroabsorption optical modulator 12, the reverse bias voltage generator 13 is used for adjusting the gate width from the gate width adjusting means 61. Termination is performed by impedance matching so that the electric pulse generated by the electrode of the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 is not reflected by the electric pulse or the optical pulse Ps.

図6に、ゲート幅調整手段の具体的な第2例を示す。ゲート幅調整手段62は、一端が電界吸収型光変調器12の電極に接続された同軸ケーブル31と、同軸ケーブル31に設けられ、電界吸収型光変調器12に印加された直流バイアス電圧を遮断する直流遮断コンデンサ32と、同軸ケーブル31の他端に接続された短絡器33とを備え、電界吸収型光変調器12の電極で発生した電気パルスを同軸ケーブル31に伝搬させた後、短絡器33で電気パルスの極性を反転させて反射させ、電界吸収型光変調器12の電極に戻す。   FIG. 6 shows a second specific example of the gate width adjusting means. The gate width adjusting means 62 has one end connected to the coaxial cable 31 connected to the electrode of the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 and the DC bias voltage applied to the electroabsorption optical modulator 12. And a short circuit 33 connected to the other end of the coaxial cable 31. After the electric pulse generated at the electrode of the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 is propagated to the coaxial cable 31, the short circuit At 33, the polarity of the electric pulse is inverted and reflected, and returned to the electrode of the electroabsorption optical modulator 12.

電界吸収型光変調器12で電気パルスが発生してから電界吸収型光変調器12に戻るまでの時間は、同軸ケーブル31と直流遮断コンデンサ32の往復の遅延時間となる。光ゲートが開いているとき(尾を引いているとき)に負のゲート幅調整用電気パルスが電界吸収型光変調器12に戻るように同軸ケーブル31の遅延時間を設定する。   The time from when the electric pulse is generated in the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 to the return to the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 is a round trip delay time between the coaxial cable 31 and the DC blocking capacitor 32. The delay time of the coaxial cable 31 is set so that the negative gate width adjusting electric pulse returns to the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 when the optical gate is open (when the tail is pulled).

図4(a)のように、光パルスPsによって発生したゲート幅調整用電気パルスVpmをその光パルスPsによって光ゲートが開いている間に電界吸収型光変調器に戻す場合、例えば10ps後に戻す場合、図3に示す電気導波路21の長さがミリメートルオーダとなるため、図5に示すように電界吸収型光変調器12のチップに電気導波路21とコンデンサ23を集積する構成が有効である。集積化されたコンデンサ23の容量が不足する場合は、チップ外に別途コンデンサを並列接続することもできる。   When returning the gate width adjusting electric pulse Vpm generated by the optical pulse Ps to the electroabsorption optical modulator while the optical gate is opened by the optical pulse Ps as shown in FIG. In this case, since the length of the electric waveguide 21 shown in FIG. 3 is on the order of millimeters, it is effective to integrate the electric waveguide 21 and the capacitor 23 on the chip of the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 as shown in FIG. is there. When the capacity of the integrated capacitor 23 is insufficient, a capacitor can be separately connected in parallel outside the chip.

図4(b)のように、光パルスPsによって発生したゲート幅調整用電気パルスVpmをその次以降の光パルスPsによって光ゲートが開いている間に電界吸収型光変調器に戻す場合、例えば10ns後に戻す場合、図3に示す電気導波路21の長さがメートルオーダとなるため、図6に示す同軸ケーブルによる構成が有効である。   When returning the gate width adjusting electric pulse Vpm generated by the optical pulse Ps to the electroabsorption optical modulator while the optical gate is opened by the subsequent optical pulse Ps as shown in FIG. In the case of returning after 10 ns, the length of the electric waveguide 21 shown in FIG. 3 is in the metric order, and the configuration using the coaxial cable shown in FIG.

(実施形態3)
図7は、本実施形態に係るサンプリング波形測定装置の一例を示す構成概略図である。本実施形態に係るサンプリング波形測定装置103では、ゲート幅調整手段16は、光パルスPsと同期したゲート幅調整用電気パルスVpmを発生する電気パルス発生器41を有し、電界吸収型光変調器12の光ゲートが開いている間のうちの後方時点で、電気パルス発生器41からのゲート幅調整用電気パルスVpmを電界吸収型光変調器12の電極に入力する。
(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of the sampling waveform measuring apparatus according to the present embodiment. In the sampling waveform measuring apparatus 103 according to the present embodiment, the gate width adjusting unit 16 includes an electric pulse generator 41 that generates a gate width adjusting electric pulse Vpm synchronized with the optical pulse Ps, and an electroabsorption optical modulator. At a later point in time while the 12 optical gates are open, the gate width adjusting electrical pulse Vpm from the electrical pulse generator 41 is input to the electrode of the electroabsorption optical modulator 12.

本実施形態の構成を採用することで、電界吸収型光変調器12に光パルスが入力された際に発生する電気パルスVppを使用せず、別途電気パルス発生器41を用いて光パルスPsに同期した負のゲート幅調整用電気パルスVpmを発生し、電界吸収型光変調器12に入力することにより、実施形態1と同様の効果を得ることができる。   By adopting the configuration of the present embodiment, the electric pulse Vpp generated when an optical pulse is input to the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 is not used, and the electric pulse generator 41 is used to change the optical pulse Ps. By generating a synchronized negative gate width adjusting electric pulse Vpm and inputting it to the electroabsorption optical modulator 12, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.

ここで、ゲート幅調整用電気パルスVpmと光パルスPsとの同期は、光パルス発生器11から同期信号を電気パルス発生器41に入力する場合と、電気パルス発生器41から同期信号を光パルス発生器11に入力する場合と、別途設けた同期信号発生器(不図示)からの同期信号を光パルス発生器11と電気パルス発生器41の両方に入力する場合、のいずれでもよい。   Here, the synchronization between the electric pulse Vpm for adjusting the gate width and the optical pulse Ps is performed when the synchronization signal is input from the optical pulse generator 11 to the electrical pulse generator 41 and when the synchronization signal is transmitted from the electrical pulse generator 41 to the optical pulse. Either the case of inputting to the generator 11 or the case of inputting a synchronization signal from a separately provided synchronization signal generator (not shown) to both the optical pulse generator 11 and the electric pulse generator 41 may be used.

また、必要に応じて、可変遅延器42を、電気パルス発生器41の出力、又は光パルス発生器11の出力、又は同期信号発生器(不図示)の出力に挿入することにより、光ゲートに対するゲート幅調整用電気パルスVpmの相対タイミングを調整することができる。   Further, if necessary, the variable delay device 42 is inserted into the output of the electric pulse generator 41, the output of the optical pulse generator 11, or the output of a synchronization signal generator (not shown) to The relative timing of the gate width adjusting electric pulse Vpm can be adjusted.

(実施形態4)
図8は、本実施形態に係るサンプリング波形測定装置の一例を示す構成概略図である。本実施形態に係るサンプリング波形測定装置104では、ゲート幅調整手段16は、光パルスPsが入力されゲート幅調整用電気パルスVpmを出力する第2の受光器51を有し、電界吸収型光変調器12の光ゲートが開いている間のうちの後方時点で、第2の受光器51からのゲート幅調整用電気パルスVpmを電界吸収型光変調器12に入力する。
(Embodiment 4)
FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of the sampling waveform measuring apparatus according to the present embodiment. In the sampling waveform measuring apparatus 104 according to the present embodiment, the gate width adjusting unit 16 includes the second light receiver 51 that receives the optical pulse Ps and outputs the gate width adjusting electric pulse Vpm, and uses electroabsorption optical modulation. The gate width adjusting electric pulse Vpm from the second light receiver 51 is input to the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 at a later point in time while the optical gate of the optical device 12 is open.

本実施形態の構成を採用することで、電界吸収型光変調器12に光パルスが入力された際に発生する電気パルスVppを使用せず、別途第2の受光器51を用いて光パルスPsに同期した負のゲート幅調整用電気パルスVpmを発生し、電界吸収型光変調器12に入力することにより、実施形態1と同様の効果を得ることができる。   By adopting the configuration of the present embodiment, the electric pulse Vpp generated when the optical pulse is input to the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 is not used, and the optical pulse Ps is separately generated using the second light receiver 51. By generating a negative gate width adjusting electric pulse Vpm synchronized with the signal Vpm and inputting it to the electroabsorption optical modulator 12, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.

ここで、必要に応じて、可変遅延器52を、第2の受光器51の入力又は出力に挿入することにより、光ゲートに対するゲート幅調整用電気パルスVpmの相対タイミングを調整することができる。   Here, if necessary, the relative delay of the electric pulse Vpm for adjusting the gate width with respect to the optical gate can be adjusted by inserting the variable delay device 52 into the input or output of the second light receiver 51.

以上の実施形態1から実施形態4までの説明は、通常の電界吸収型光変調器12の極性である信号側がp型、接地側がn型の場合について説明したが、これに限られるものではなく、逆極性の電界吸収型光変調器の場合にも適用することができる。この場合、実施形態2における電界吸収型光変調器12では負の電気パルスVpmが発生し、短絡器22で極性が反転し、正の電気パルスVppがゲート幅調整用電気パルスとして電界吸収型光変調器12に戻る。実施形態3又は実施形態4のように別途電気パルス発生器41又は第2の受光器51を用いる場合は、電気パルス発生器41又は第2の受光器51は、ゲート幅調整用電気パルスとして正の電気パルスVppを発生するようにする必要がある。   In the above description of the first to fourth embodiments, the case where the signal side which is the polarity of the normal electroabsorption optical modulator 12 is p-type and the ground side is n-type has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The present invention can also be applied to an electroabsorption optical modulator having a reverse polarity. In this case, the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 according to the second embodiment generates a negative electric pulse Vpm, the polarity is inverted by the short-circuiting device 22, and the positive electric pulse Vpp is used as the gate width adjusting electric pulse. Return to the modulator 12. When the electric pulse generator 41 or the second light receiver 51 is separately used as in the third embodiment or the fourth embodiment, the electric pulse generator 41 or the second light receiver 51 is used as a gate width adjusting electric pulse. It is necessary to generate the electric pulse Vpp.

また、本実施例では、電界吸収型光変調器12の後方から光パルスを入力する構成を示したが、これに限られるものではなく前方から光パルスを入力する構成においても本発明を適用することができる。   In the present embodiment, the configuration in which the optical pulse is input from the rear of the electroabsorption optical modulator 12 is shown. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention is applied to a configuration in which the optical pulse is input from the front. be able to.

本発明は、高分解能の光サンプリングを行うことができるので、情報通信産業及び光を用いる各種産業に適用することができる。   Since the present invention can perform high-resolution optical sampling, it can be applied to the information communication industry and various industries using light.

11:光パルス発生器
12:電界吸収型光変調器
13:逆バイアス電圧発生器
13a:直流電源
13b:バイアスT
13c:終端器
14:光カプラ
15:受光器
16、61、62:ゲート幅調整手段
21:電気導波路
22:短絡器
23:コンデンサ
31:同軸ケーブル
32:直流遮断コンデンサ
33:短絡器
41:電気パルス発生器
42:可変遅延器
51:第2の受光器
52:可変遅延器
101、102、103、104:サンプリング波形測定装置
11: Optical pulse generator 12: Electroabsorption optical modulator 13: Reverse bias voltage generator 13a: DC power supply 13b: Bias T
13c: Terminator 14: Optical coupler 15: Light receiver 16, 61, 62: Gate width adjusting means 21: Electric waveguide 22: Short circuit 23: Capacitor 31: Coaxial cable 32: DC blocking capacitor 33: Short circuit 41: Electric Pulse generator 42: variable delay device 51: second light receiver 52: variable delay devices 101, 102, 103, 104: sampling waveform measuring device

Claims (6)

光パルスを発生する光パルス発生器(11)と、
被測定光信号及び前記光パルスが入力される電界吸収型光変調器(12)と、
前記電界吸収型光変調器から出力された光信号を電気信号に変換する受光器(15)と、を備え、
前記光パルスが入力された際の前記電界吸収型光変調器の相互吸収飽和による光ゲート動作を利用して前記被測定光信号をサンプリングし、等価サンプリング方式で前記被測定光信号の波形を測定するサンプリング波形測定装置(101)において、
前記電界吸収型光変調器の光ゲートが閉じる方向の極性を有しかつ前記光ゲート動作の立ち下がり速度を速めるゲート幅調整用電気パルスを前記電界吸収型光変調器に入力するゲート幅調整手段(16)を備えることを特徴とするサンプリング波形測定装置。
An optical pulse generator (11) for generating optical pulses;
An electroabsorption optical modulator (12) to which an optical signal to be measured and the optical pulse are input;
A light receiver (15) for converting an optical signal output from the electroabsorption optical modulator into an electric signal,
The optical signal to be measured is sampled using the optical gate operation due to the mutual absorption saturation of the electroabsorption optical modulator when the optical pulse is input, and the waveform of the optical signal to be measured is measured by an equivalent sampling method. In the sampling waveform measuring apparatus (101) to
Gate width adjusting means for inputting, to the electroabsorption optical modulator, a gate width adjusting electric pulse having a polarity in a direction in which the optical gate of the electroabsorption optical modulator is closed and increasing the falling speed of the optical gate operation. A sampling waveform measuring device comprising (16).
前記ゲート幅調整手段は、
前記光パルスが入力された際に前記電界吸収型光変調器の電極に発生する電気パルスの極性を反転させ、所定の遅延時間後に前記電界吸収型光変調器の電極に戻すことによって、前記ゲート幅調整用電気パルスを前記電界吸収型光変調器に入力することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のサンプリング波形測定装置。
The gate width adjusting means is
The gate is inverted by inverting the polarity of an electric pulse generated at the electrode of the electroabsorption optical modulator when the optical pulse is input and returning it to the electrode of the electroabsorption optical modulator after a predetermined delay time. The sampling waveform measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a width adjusting electric pulse is input to the electroabsorption optical modulator.
前記ゲート幅調整手段は、
一端が前記電界吸収型光変調器の電極に接続され、他端が短絡された電気導波路(21)を備え、
前記電界吸収型光変調器の電極で発生した電気パルスを前記電気導波路に伝搬させた後、前記短絡端で前記電気パルスの極性を反転させて反射させ、前記ゲート幅調整用電気パルスとして前記電界吸収型光変調器の電極に戻すことを特徴とする請求項2に記載のサンプリング波形測定装置。
The gate width adjusting means is
An electric waveguide (21) having one end connected to the electrode of the electroabsorption optical modulator and the other end short-circuited;
After propagating the electric pulse generated at the electrode of the electroabsorption optical modulator to the electric waveguide, the electric pulse is inverted and reflected at the short-circuited end, and the electric pulse for adjusting the gate width is used as the electric pulse for adjusting the gate width. The sampling waveform measuring apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the sampling waveform measuring apparatus is returned to the electrode of the electroabsorption optical modulator.
前記ゲート幅調整手段は、
一端が前記電界吸収型光変調器の電極に接続された同軸ケーブル(31)と、
前記同軸ケーブルに設けられ、前記電界吸収型光変調器に印加された直流バイアス電圧を遮断する直流遮断コンデンサ(32)と、
前記同軸ケーブルの他端に接続された短絡器(33)とを備え、
前記電界吸収型光変調器の電極で発生した電気パルスを前記同軸ケーブルに伝搬させた後、前記短絡器で前記電気パルスの極性を反転させて反射させ、前記ゲート幅調整用電気パルスとして前記電界吸収型光変調器の電極に戻すことを特徴とする請求項2に記載のサンプリング波形測定装置。
The gate width adjusting means is
A coaxial cable (31) having one end connected to the electrode of the electroabsorption optical modulator;
A DC blocking capacitor (32) provided in the coaxial cable and blocking a DC bias voltage applied to the electroabsorption optical modulator;
A short circuit (33) connected to the other end of the coaxial cable;
After propagating the electric pulse generated at the electrode of the electroabsorption optical modulator to the coaxial cable, the electric pulse is inverted and reflected by the short circuit, and the electric field is used as the electric pulse for adjusting the gate width. The sampling waveform measuring apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the sampling waveform measuring apparatus is returned to the electrode of the absorption optical modulator.
前記ゲート幅調整手段は、
前記光パルスと同期したゲート幅調整用電気パルスを発生する電気パルス発生器(41)を有し、
前記光ゲートが開いている間のうちの後方時点で、前記電気パルス発生器からの前記ゲート幅調整用電気パルスを前記電界吸収型光変調器に入力することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のサンプリング波形測定装置。
The gate width adjusting means is
An electric pulse generator (41) for generating an electric pulse for gate width adjustment synchronized with the optical pulse,
2. The electric pulse for gate width adjustment from the electric pulse generator is input to the electroabsorption optical modulator at a later time point while the optical gate is open. Sampling waveform measuring device.
前記ゲート幅調整手段は、
前記光パルスが入力されゲート幅調整用電気パルスを出力する第2の受光器(51)を有し、
前記光ゲートが開いている間のうちの後方時点で、前記第2の受光器からの前記ゲート幅調整用電気パルスを前記電界吸収型光変調器に入力することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のサンプリング波形測定装置。
The gate width adjusting means is
A second light receiver (51) that receives the light pulse and outputs a gate width adjusting electric pulse;
2. The gate width adjusting electrical pulse from the second light receiver is input to the electroabsorption optical modulator at a later time point while the optical gate is open. The sampling waveform measuring apparatus described.
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