JP5357891B2 - Bonding quality control method - Google Patents

Bonding quality control method Download PDF

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JP5357891B2
JP5357891B2 JP2010533942A JP2010533942A JP5357891B2 JP 5357891 B2 JP5357891 B2 JP 5357891B2 JP 2010533942 A JP2010533942 A JP 2010533942A JP 2010533942 A JP2010533942 A JP 2010533942A JP 5357891 B2 JP5357891 B2 JP 5357891B2
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joint
area
quality control
control method
outer peripheral
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JPWO2010044473A1 (en
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慎一郎 角
興 水口
聡 高橋
和宏 中倉
真史 丸山
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Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd
Nikkeikin Aluminum Core Technology Co Ltd
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Nikkeikin Aluminum Core Technology Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
    • G01N21/952—Inspecting the exterior surface of cylindrical bodies or wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K31/12—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to investigating the properties, e.g. the weldability, of materials
    • B23K31/125—Weld quality monitoring
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
    • G06T7/0004—Industrial image inspection
    • G06T7/0006—Industrial image inspection using a design-rule based approach
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/10—Segmentation; Edge detection
    • G06T7/136—Segmentation; Edge detection involving thresholding
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
    • G06T2207/30108—Industrial image inspection
    • G06T2207/30164—Workpiece; Machine component

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
  • Image Processing (AREA)

Description

本発明は、摩擦圧接部品の品質保証に適した接合品質管理方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a joint quality management how suitable for quality assurance friction welding parts.

アッパリンク、ロアリンク、ラジアスロッドなどサスペンションを構成する棒状部品（以下、「サスペンション部品」という。）には、鉄鋼材料が用いられていたが、車両の軽量化という観点から、近年では、アルミニウム合金材料が用いられることも多い。例えば特許文献１および特許文献２には、アルミニウム合金製のパイプ状部材の両端にアルミニウム合金製のエンド部材を摩擦圧接してなるサスペンション部品が開示されている。   Steel materials have been used for rod-like parts (hereinafter referred to as “suspension parts”) such as upper links, lower links, and radius rods. However, in recent years, aluminum alloy materials have been used from the viewpoint of weight reduction of vehicles. Is often used. For example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 disclose suspension parts in which an aluminum alloy end member is friction-welded to both ends of an aluminum alloy pipe-shaped member.

摩擦圧接部分の健全さや接合強度を確認するためには、引張試験等を行って破断強度を確認する必要があるが、この手法は、サンプルチェックでしかない。また、摩擦圧接の性質上、接合面の酸化物等はバリとなって排出されることになるが、このバリは内径側にも生じるので、超音波やＸ線による検査も容易ではない。   In order to confirm the soundness and bonding strength of the friction welded portion, it is necessary to perform a tensile test or the like to confirm the breaking strength, but this method is only a sample check. In addition, due to the nature of friction welding, oxides and the like on the joint surface are discharged as burrs, but since these burrs are also generated on the inner diameter side, inspection by ultrasonic waves and X-rays is not easy.

特開平１１−１５６５６２号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-156562 国際公開第２００８／０１０２６５号パンフレットInternational Publication No. 2008/010265 Pamphlet

摩擦圧接条件や切削条件は、適切かつ厳密に管理されているので、出荷される摩擦圧接部品の品質は、常に設計条件を満足したものになるが、需要者の安心感をより一層高めるためには、品質保証の手法を多様化しておくことが望まれる。   The friction welding conditions and cutting conditions are appropriately and strictly controlled, so the quality of the friction welding parts that are shipped will always satisfy the design conditions, but in order to further enhance the customer's sense of security. Therefore, it is desirable to diversify quality assurance methods.

このような観点から、本発明は、摩擦圧接部品の品質保証に適した接合品質管理方法を提供することを課題とする。 From this point of view, the present invention aims to provide a bonding quality control how suitable for quality assurance friction welding parts.

本願発明者は、接合部外周側に発生したバリを切除した際に現れる凹部（溝状を呈するものを含む。）の開口面積の大きさが、摩擦圧接部品の品質（例えば、摩擦圧接部品の破壊モードや接合界面における破壊強度など）と相関していることを見出し、本願発明を創案するに至った。   The inventor of the present application determines the quality of the friction welded part (for example, the friction welded part of the friction welded part). It has been found that there is a correlation with the fracture mode and the fracture strength at the joint interface, etc., leading to the creation of the present invention.

すなわち、本発明に係る接合品質管理方法は、接合部外周側に発生したバリを切除して得た摩擦圧接部品に対して行われる接合品質管理方法であって、前記バリを切除した後の接合部の外周面に現れた凹部の開口面積を集計する面積集計過程と、接合品質が管理基準を満たしているか否かを判定する判定過程と、を含み、前記判定過程では、前記開口面積の集計値が基準面積以下である場合に前記管理基準を満たしていると判定し、前記開口面積の集計値が前記基準面積よりも大きい場合に前記管理基準を満たしていないと判定する、ことを特徴とする。 That is, the joining quality control method according to the present invention is a joining quality control method performed on a friction welded part obtained by cutting out burrs generated on the outer peripheral side of the joint portion, and the joining after cutting out the burrs. Including an area counting process for counting the opening areas of the recesses appearing on the outer peripheral surface of the part, and a determination process for determining whether or not the joining quality satisfies a management standard. In the determination process, the opening area is counted It is determined that the management standard is satisfied when the value is equal to or less than a reference area, and the management standard is determined not to be satisfied when the aggregate value of the opening area is larger than the reference area. To do.

本発明によれば、最終製品に負荷を掛ける引張試験等を実施せずとも、摩擦圧接部品の品質が管理基準を満たしているか否かを判定することができるので、生産された摩擦圧接部品の全数について、その品質を保証することが可能となる。しかも、本発明によれば、接合部の外周面に現れた凹部の開口面積の大きさを基準にしているので、管理基準を満たしているか否かを客観的かつ定量的に判定することができ、したがって、判定者の経験等によって判定結果が左右されるようなこともない。なお、摩擦圧接の接合不良は、摩擦圧接の前に接合面に生じている酸化物等がバリとして接合部分より充分排出されていない場合に生じるが、この場合には、凹部の開口面積が大きくなることが想定される。   According to the present invention, it is possible to determine whether or not the quality of the friction welded parts satisfies the management standard without performing a tensile test or the like that applies a load to the final product. It is possible to guarantee the quality of all the numbers. In addition, according to the present invention, since the size of the opening area of the recess appearing on the outer peripheral surface of the joint is used as a reference, it can be objectively and quantitatively determined whether the management standard is satisfied. Therefore, the determination result is not influenced by the experience of the determiner. In addition, poor welding of friction welding occurs when oxide or the like generated on the bonding surface before friction welding is not sufficiently discharged from the bonding portion as burrs. In this case, the opening area of the recess is large. It is assumed that

接合部の外周面に現れた凹部の開口面積を直接計測してもよいが、接合部の外周面を撮像して得た画像を利用して計測してもよい。
すなわち、本発明に係る他の接合品質管理方法は、接合部外周側に発生したバリを切除して得た摩擦圧接部品に対して行われる接合品質管理方法であって、前記バリを切除した後の接合部の外周面を撮像する撮像過程と、前記撮像過程で得られた画像上において前記外周面に現れた凹部を特定する画像処理過程と、前記凹部として特定された部分の面積を集計する面積集計過程と、接合品質が管理基準を満たしているか否かを判定する判定過程と、を含み、前記判定過程では、前記面積の集計値が基準面積以下である場合に前記管理基準を満たしていると判定し、前記面積の集計値が前記基準面積よりも大きい場合に前記管理基準を満たしていないと判定する、ことを特徴とする。 The opening area of the concave portion that appears on the outer peripheral surface of the joint portion may be directly measured, or may be measured using an image obtained by imaging the outer peripheral surface of the joint portion.
That is, other joining quality control method according to the present invention is a joint quality management method performed on friction-welded parts obtained by cutting the burr generated in the joint outer peripheral side, after resection of the burr An imaging process for imaging the outer peripheral surface of the joint portion, an image processing process for specifying a recess appearing on the outer peripheral surface on the image obtained in the imaging process, and an area of the portion specified as the recess An area counting process, and a determination process for determining whether or not the joining quality satisfies a management standard. In the determination process, when the total value of the area is equal to or less than a reference area, the management standard is satisfied. It is determined that the management standard is not satisfied when the total value of the areas is larger than the reference area.

画像処理を利用すれば、接合部の外周面に現れた凹部を容易に特定することが可能になる。   If image processing is used, it becomes possible to easily specify the concave portion that appears on the outer peripheral surface of the joint.

また、本発明に係るさらに他の接合品質管理方法は、接合部外周側に発生したバリを切除して得た摩擦圧接部品に対して行われる接合品質管理方法であって、前記バリを切除した後の接合部の外周面を撮像する撮像過程と、前記接合部の平滑面を描画する画素の輝度値よりも小さい値を基準輝度値とし、前記撮像過程で得られた画像データの中から、輝度値が前記基準輝度値以下である画素を抽出する暗色画素抽出過程と、前記暗色画素抽出過程で抽出された画素の個数を集計する画素数集計過程と、接合品質が管理基準を満たしているか否かを判定する判定過程と、を含み、前記判定過程では、前記個数が基準画素数以下である場合に前記管理基準を満たしていると判定し、前記個数が前記基準画素数よりも大きい場合に前記管理基準を満たしていないと判定する、ことを特徴とする。 Further, another bonding quality control method according to the present invention is a bonding quality control method performed on a friction welded part obtained by cutting a burr generated on the outer peripheral side of the bonded portion, and cutting the burr. An imaging process for imaging the outer peripheral surface of the subsequent joint, and a value smaller than the luminance value of the pixel that draws the smooth surface of the joint as a reference luminance value , from among the image data obtained in the imaging process, a dark pixel extraction step of extracting a pixel luminance value is equal to or less than the reference brightness value, and the dark pixel extraction process pixel tally process of aggregating the number of pixels extracted with, or bond quality meets the control standards A determination process for determining whether or not, in the determination process, when the number is equal to or less than a reference pixel number, it is determined that the management criterion is satisfied, and the number is greater than the reference pixel number Meet the above management criteria It determines that were not, characterized in that.

この接合品質管理方法は、「凹部を描画する画素の輝度値（濃度値）が、凹部の周囲の平滑面を描画する画素の輝度値（濃度値）よりも小さくなる」という性質を利用したものである。この接合品質管理方法によれば、管理基準を満たしているか否かをより一層客観的かつ定量的に判定することが可能になる。なお、画素の濃淡が階調で表現されている場合における「輝度値」は、階調値である。 The joint quality management method, "luminance value of the pixel demarcating drawing a recess (density value) of the luminance values of the pixels demarcating drawing a smooth surface around the recess becomes smaller than the (density value)" the property of use It is a thing. According to this bonding quality control method, it becomes possible to determine more objectively and quantitatively whether or not the management standard is satisfied. Note that the “brightness value” in the case where the shade of a pixel is expressed by a gradation is a gradation value.

なお、摩擦圧接部品の母材を、熱処理型アルミニウム合金とした場合には、接合界面に発生する応力が当該接合界面における破壊応力に達するよりも前に、前記接合界面以外の断面に発生する応力が当該断面における破壊応力に達するように、接合部の仕上げ外径寸法（接合部外周側のバリを切除した後における接合部の外径寸法）を設定することが望ましい。この場合には、前記仕上げ寸法となるように前記バリを切除した後に、前記撮像過程を行うとよい。このようにすると、接合界面が最弱部にならないことを保証することが可能になる。   When the base material of the friction welded part is a heat-treatable aluminum alloy, the stress generated in the cross section other than the bonded interface before the stress generated at the bonded interface reaches the fracture stress at the bonded interface. It is desirable to set the finished outer diameter of the joint (the outer diameter of the joint after removing the burr on the outer periphery of the joint) so that the fracture stress in the cross section is reached. In this case, the imaging process may be performed after the burrs are removed so as to have the finished dimensions. In this way, it is possible to ensure that the bonding interface does not become the weakest part.

なお、本発明において、凹部の開口面積の集計または画素数の集計は、接合部の全周に亘って測定することが好ましいが、部分的に測定して判断することも可能である。   In the present invention, the total of the opening area of the recess or the total of the number of pixels is preferably measured over the entire circumference of the joint, but can also be determined by measuring partially.

本発明によれば、摩擦圧接部品の品質を客観的な判定基準で保証することができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to guarantee the quality of the friction welded part by an objective determination criterion.

（ａ）は検査対象である摩擦圧接部品の構成を説明するための断面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）のＸ部の拡大図である。(A) is sectional drawing for demonstrating the structure of the friction welding part which is a test object, (b) is an enlarged view of the X section of (a). 本発明の実施形態に係る接合品質管理装置の構成を説明するための模式図である。It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the structure of the joining quality control apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る接合品質管理方法の手順を説明するためのフローチャートである。It is a flowchart for demonstrating the procedure of the joining quality control method which concerns on embodiment of this invention. （ａ）は撮像手段で撮像した画像の模式図、（ｂ）は（ａ）の画像に対して二値化処理を施して得た二値画像を示す模式図である。(A) is a schematic diagram of the image imaged with the imaging means, (b) is a schematic diagram which shows the binary image obtained by performing the binarization process with respect to the image of (a). 凹部の開口面積と破断荷重との関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the opening area of a recessed part, and a breaking load.

Ａ 摩擦圧接部品
ａ 接合部
ｂ バリ
ｃ 凹部
３ 撮像手段
４ 抽出手段
５ 画素数集計手段
６ 判定手段A Friction welding part a Joining part b Burr c Concave part 3 Imaging means 4 Extraction means 5 Pixel count totaling means 6 Determination means

本実施形態に係る接合品質管理方法は、接合部外周側に発生したバリを切除して得た摩擦圧接部品に対して行われる接合品質管理方法である。   The joining quality control method according to the present embodiment is a joining quality control method performed on a friction welded part obtained by cutting off burrs generated on the outer peripheral side of the joint.

以下の実施形態においては、摩擦圧接部品がサスペンション部品の一種であるサスペンションロッドである場合を例示するが、摩擦圧接部品の用途を限定する趣旨ではない。   In the following embodiments, a case where the friction welding component is a suspension rod which is a kind of suspension component is illustrated, but the purpose of the friction welding component is not limited.

まず、摩擦圧接部品の構成を簡単に説明する。
図１の（ａ）に示すように、検査対象である摩擦圧接部品Ａは、パイプ状部材Ａ１の両端にエンド部材Ａ２，Ａ２を摩擦圧接してなるものである。パイプ状部材Ａ１およびエンド部材Ａ２は、いずれもアルミニウム合金製の押出形材を加工して得たものである。アルミニウム合金の種類に特に制限はないが、摩擦圧接部品Ａをサスペンション部品として用いる場合には、Ｔ６処理をしたＡｌ−Ｍｇ−Ｓｉ系合金（ＪＩＳ規格の６０００系アルミニウム合金であって溶体化処理後に焼入れ処理をし、その後に人工時効処理をしたもの）であることが望ましい。特に、Ｔ６処理をしたＡｌ−Ｍｇ−Ｓｉ系合金（ＪＩＳ規格のアルミニウム合金６０６１−Ｔ６）であれば、強度が高く（０．２％耐力が２４５ＭＰａ以上）、耐久性（応力腐食割れ性や耐候性など）も高いので、より一層望ましい。First, the configuration of the friction welding component will be briefly described.
As shown in FIG. 1A, the friction welding component A to be inspected is formed by friction welding the end members A2 and A2 to both ends of a pipe-like member A1. The pipe-shaped member A1 and the end member A2 are both obtained by processing an extruded shape made of an aluminum alloy. There are no particular restrictions on the type of aluminum alloy, but when the friction welded part A is used as a suspension part, it is an Al—Mg—Si based alloy that has been subjected to T6 treatment (a 6000 standard aluminum alloy in accordance with JIS standard and after solution treatment). It is desirable to have a quenching treatment followed by an artificial aging treatment). In particular, an Al—Mg—Si based alloy (JIS standard aluminum alloy 6061-T6) treated with T6 has high strength (0.2% proof stress of 245 MPa or more) and durability (stress corrosion cracking resistance and weather resistance). It is even more desirable.

パイプ状部材Ａ１とエンド部材Ａ２，Ａ２とを相対回転させつつ突き合わせると、摩擦熱によって突合面の周囲の母材が塑性流動化し、両者が摩擦接合されることになる。塑性流動化した母材の一部は、図１の（ｂ）に示すように、接合部ａの内外へ押し出されてバリｂとなる。パイプ状部材Ａ１の端面およびエンド部材Ａ２の端面に存在していた酸化皮膜や付着物などは、バリｂとともに排出されることになるので、適宜な条件で摩擦圧接を行えば、酸化皮膜等の存在しない接合界面Ｊが形成されることになる。   When the pipe-shaped member A1 and the end members A2 and A2 are abutted while being relatively rotated, the base material around the abutting surface is plastically fluidized by frictional heat, and both are frictionally joined. As shown in FIG. 1B, a part of the plastic fluidized base material is pushed out into and out of the joint a to become a burr b. Since the oxide film and deposits, etc. present on the end face of the pipe-like member A1 and the end face of the end member A2 are discharged together with the burr b, if friction welding is performed under appropriate conditions, the oxide film or the like A non-existent bonding interface J is formed.

その後、接合部ａの外周側に発生したバリｂを切除し、接合部ａの外周面を平滑に成形すると、摩擦圧接部品Ａが得られる。接合部ａの仕上げ外径寸法（外周側のバリｂを切除した後における接合部ａの外径寸法）は、適宜な大きさに設定することができるが、接合界面Ｊが最弱部にならないことを保証するためには、接合界面Ｊに発生する応力が接合界面Ｊにおける破壊応力に達するよりも前に、接合界面Ｊ以外の断面に発生する応力が当該断面における破壊応力に達するような大きさに設定することが望ましい。   Then, the burr | flash b generate | occur | produced on the outer peripheral side of the junction part a is excised, and if the outer peripheral surface of the junction part a is shape | molded smoothly, the friction welding part A will be obtained. The finished outer diameter dimension of the joint part a (the outer diameter dimension of the joint part a after the burr b on the outer peripheral side is cut) can be set to an appropriate size, but the joint interface J does not become the weakest part. In order to guarantee that, the stress generated at the cross section other than the joint interface J reaches the fracture stress at the cross section before the stress generated at the joint interface J reaches the fracture stress at the joint interface J. It is desirable to set this.

ところで、バリｂの形状は、パイプ状部材Ａ１およびエンド部材Ａ２の製作誤差、摩擦圧接機への設置誤差、摩擦圧接機の作動誤差、気温などによって変化するので、所定の仕上げ外径寸法となるように接合部外側のバリｂを切除すると、バリｂを切除した後の接合部ａの外周面に凹部（溝状を呈するものを含む）ｃが現れる場合がある。なお、本実施形態に係る接合品質管理方法は、凹部ｃの開口面積の大きさ若しくは開口面積の大きさに相関する諸量を利用して、接合品質が管理基準を満たしているか否かを判定するものである。   By the way, the shape of the burr b changes depending on the manufacturing error of the pipe-shaped member A1 and the end member A2, the installation error on the friction welding machine, the operation error of the friction welding machine, the temperature, and the like, so that it has a predetermined finished outer diameter. When the burr b on the outer side of the joint portion is cut out as described above, a concave portion (including a groove-shaped one) c may appear on the outer peripheral surface of the joint portion a after the burr b is cut off. Note that the bonding quality control method according to the present embodiment determines whether or not the bonding quality satisfies the management standard by using the size of the opening area of the recess c or various quantities correlated with the size of the opening area. To do.

図２を参照して、上記接合品質管理方法に好適に用いられる本実施形態に係る接合品質管理装置の構成を詳細に説明する。   With reference to FIG. 2, the structure of the joining quality control apparatus based on this embodiment used suitably for the said joining quality control method is demonstrated in detail.

接合品質管理装置は、部品保持手段１、光源２、撮像手段３、抽出手段４、画素数集計手段５、判定手段６、記憶手段７、表示手段８、スピーカ９などを具備している。   The bonding quality control apparatus includes a component holding unit 1, a light source 2, an image pickup unit 3, an extraction unit 4, a pixel count counting unit 5, a determination unit 6, a storage unit 7, a display unit 8, a speaker 9, and the like.

接合品質管理装置のうち、抽出手段４、画素数集計手段５、判定手段６、記憶手段７および表示手段８は、汎用コンピュータによって実現される。この汎用コンピュータは、ＣＰＵ（中央演算処理装置）のほか、ＲＡＭ、ＲＯＭ、ハードディスクなどの記憶装置（記憶手段７）、ディスプレイなどの表示装置（表示手段８）、撮像手段３とのデータのやり取りを行うためのインターフェースなどを備えて構成されていて、記憶手段７に記憶された各種プログラムをＣＰＵで実行することで、抽出手段４、画素数集計手段５および判定手段６として機能する。   Of the joint quality control apparatus, the extraction means 4, the pixel number counting means 5, the determination means 6, the storage means 7, and the display means 8 are realized by a general-purpose computer. This general-purpose computer exchanges data with a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a storage device such as RAM, ROM, and hard disk (storage unit 7), a display device such as a display (display unit 8), and an imaging unit 3. It is configured to include an interface for performing functions, and functions as the extraction unit 4, the pixel number counting unit 5, and the determination unit 6 by executing various programs stored in the storage unit 7 by the CPU.

部品保持手段１は、摩擦圧接部品Ａを中心軸周りに回転させる装置であり、摩擦圧接部品Ａの一端側を保持するチャック１１と、摩擦圧接部品Ａの他端側を摺動回転可能に支持する台座１２と、チャック１１に回転力を付与する動力源１３と、動力源１３を制御する制御部１４とを備えている。動力源１３は、例えば、ステッピングモータやロータリーエンコーダ付きのモータ（サーボモータ）からなる。制御部１４は、動力源１３の出力軸１３ａの回転量や回転速度などに関する情報（例えば、ロータリーエンコーダから出力されたエンコーダ信号など）を取得し、これを汎用コンピュータに出力する。   The component holding means 1 is a device that rotates the friction welding component A around the central axis, and supports the chuck 11 that holds one end of the friction welding component A and the other end of the friction welding component A so as to be slidably rotatable. A pedestal 12, a power source 13 that applies a rotational force to the chuck 11, and a control unit 14 that controls the power source 13. The power source 13 includes, for example, a stepping motor or a motor with a rotary encoder (servo motor). The control unit 14 acquires information (for example, an encoder signal output from a rotary encoder) regarding the rotation amount and rotation speed of the output shaft 13a of the power source 13, and outputs this to a general-purpose computer.

光源２は、摩擦圧接部品Ａの接合部ａを照らすものであり、本実施形態では、接合部ａの斜め上方に配置されている。光源２の種類に制限はないが、白色蛍光灯や白色ＬＥＤを用いることが望ましい。   The light source 2 illuminates the joint portion a of the friction welding component A, and is disposed obliquely above the joint portion a in this embodiment. Although there is no restriction | limiting in the kind of light source 2, It is desirable to use a white fluorescent lamp and white LED.

撮像手段３は、接合部ａの外周面を撮像するものであり、本実施形態では、左右の接合部ａ，ａのそれぞれの上方に配置されている。撮像手段３は、ＣＣＤリニアイメージセンサやＣＭＯＳリニアイメージセンサなどの撮像素子（一次元イメージセンサ）を具備しており、本実施形態では、白黒の濃淡画像データ（各画素について輝度（明るさ）情報が付与された電気信号）を取得する。取得された画像データは、汎用コンピュータに出力され、記憶手段７に格納される。なお、撮像素子として、エリアイメージセンサを使用しても差し支えないし、カラーの濃淡画像データを取得可能なイメージセンサを使用しても差し支えない。   The imaging means 3 images the outer peripheral surface of the junction part a, and is arrange | positioned above each of the right and left junction parts a and a in this embodiment. The image pickup means 3 includes an image pickup device (one-dimensional image sensor) such as a CCD linear image sensor or a CMOS linear image sensor. In this embodiment, black-and-white grayscale image data (luminance (brightness) information for each pixel) is provided. Is obtained). The acquired image data is output to a general-purpose computer and stored in the storage means 7. Note that an area image sensor may be used as the image sensor, and an image sensor capable of acquiring color grayscale image data may be used.

抽出手段４は、撮像手段３で取得された画像データの中から、輝度値（濃度値）が基準輝度値以下である画素を抽出する機能を具備している。具体的に、抽出手段４は、記憶手段７の中から画像データを読み出す機能、画像データを構成する多数の画素のそれぞれについて、輝度値が基準輝度値以下であるか否かを判定し、基準輝度値以下であると判定された画素を他の画素と区別する機能、判定結果を記憶手段７に書き込む機能などを具備している。   The extraction unit 4 has a function of extracting pixels whose luminance value (density value) is equal to or lower than the reference luminance value from the image data acquired by the imaging unit 3. Specifically, the extracting unit 4 determines whether or not the luminance value is equal to or lower than the reference luminance value for each of a large number of pixels constituting the image data, the function of reading the image data from the storage unit 7, and A function of distinguishing a pixel determined to be equal to or less than a luminance value from other pixels, a function of writing a determination result in the storage unit 7, and the like are provided.

なお、図１の（ｂ）に示す凹部ｃの内部は、凹部ｃの周囲の平滑面に比べて「影」になり易いことから、凹部ｃを描画する画素は、凹部ｃの周囲の平滑面を描画する画素よりも暗くなる傾向にある（図４の（ａ）参照）。つまり、凹部ｃを描画する画素の輝度値（濃度値）は、凹部ｃの周囲の平滑面を描画する画素の輝度値よりも小さくなる傾向にある。したがって、凹部ｃを描画する画素を特定するためには、接合部ａの平滑面を描画する画素の輝度値よりも小さい値に基準輝度値を設定し、基準輝度値以下の輝度値を有する画素を抽出すればよいことになるが、より好適には、バリｂの切削作業において不可避的に発生する微細な溝等が検出されないような値に基準輝度値を設定することが望ましい。 The internal recess c shown in FIG. 1 (b), as compared to the smooth surface around the recesses c since prone to "shadow", the pixel demarcating drawing recess c, around the recesses c smoothing It tends to be darker than the pixel demarcating drawing plane (see FIG. 4 (a)). That is, the luminance values of the pixels demarcating draw the recesses c (density value) is in the small tends than the luminance value of the pixel demarcating drawing a smooth surface around the recesses c. Therefore, in order to identify the pixel demarcating drawing recess c sets a reference luminance value a smooth surface of the joint a value smaller than the luminance value of the pixel demarcating drawing, the reference brightness value or less of the luminance value The reference luminance value is preferably set to a value that does not detect fine grooves or the like that inevitably occur in the burr cutting operation.

ちなみに、輝度値が基準輝度値以下である画素の色を例えば輝度値（濃度値）がゼロとなる黒色（画素の濃淡が階調で表現されている場合には最小階調値＝０）に置き換えるとともに、輝度値が基準輝度値よりも大きい画素の色を例えば輝度値が最大となる白色（画素の濃淡が階調で表現されている場合には最大階調値）に置き換えた画像データを作成し、これを表示手段８に表示させれば、輝度値が基準輝度値以下である画素の位置を画面上で確認することができる（図４の（ｂ）参照）。   Incidentally, the color of a pixel whose luminance value is equal to or lower than the reference luminance value is, for example, black that has a luminance value (density value) of zero (minimum gradation value = 0 when the gradation of the pixel is expressed by gradation). At the same time, the image data obtained by replacing the color of the pixel whose luminance value is larger than the reference luminance value with, for example, white (the maximum gradation value when the gradation of the pixel is expressed in gradation) is maximized. If it is created and displayed on the display means 8, the position of the pixel whose luminance value is equal to or lower than the reference luminance value can be confirmed on the screen (see FIG. 4B).

画素数集計手段５は、抽出手段４で抽出された画素（以下、「暗色画素」という。）の個数Ｎを集計するものである。集計結果は、記憶手段７に格納される。   The pixel number counting means 5 counts the number N of pixels (hereinafter referred to as “dark color pixels”) extracted by the extracting means 4. The counting result is stored in the storage means 7.

判定手段６は、摩擦圧接部品の接合品質が管理基準を満たしているか否かを判定するものであり、画像データに含まれる暗色画素の個数Ｎが基準画素数Ｎ０以下である場合に管理基準を満たしていると判定し、個数Ｎが基準画素数Ｎ０よりも大きい場合に管理基準を満たしていないと判定する。なお、暗色画素の個数Ｎは、凹部ｃの開口面積の大小と関係しているので、基準画素数Ｎ０を設定することは、凹部ｃの開口面積の許容値（基準面積）を設定することに他ならない。基準画素数Ｎ０（基準面積）は、摩擦圧接部品Ａに要求される性能（破断荷重や美観）等を考慮して適宜設定すればよいが、暗色画素の個数Ｎ（凹部ｃの開口面積の大きさ）と破断荷重等との相関関係については、引張試験や解析等により確認することが望ましい。Determining means 6, the friction welding quality of pressure parts is intended to determine whether to satisfy the control criterion, management criterion when the number N of the dark pixels included in the image data is equal to or less than the reference pixel number N 0 It determines that meets determines that the number N does not satisfy the management criteria is larger than the reference pixel number N 0. Since the number N of dark pixels is related to the size of the opening area of the recess c, setting the reference pixel number N 0 sets the allowable value (reference area) of the opening area of the recess c. It is none other than. The reference pixel number N 0 (reference area) may be appropriately set in consideration of the performance required for the friction welding component A (breaking load and aesthetics), but the number N of dark pixels (the opening area of the recess c) It is desirable to confirm the correlation between the size) and the breaking load by a tensile test or analysis.

なお、本願発明者は、凹部ｃの開口面積の大きさと摩擦圧接部品の品質との関係について試験研究を行い、これらに相関関係があることを見出した（図５参照）。   In addition, this inventor conducted test research about the relationship between the magnitude | size of the opening area of the recessed part c, and the quality of friction welding components, and discovered that these had a correlation (refer FIG. 5).

図５は、凹部ｃの開口面積（接合部ａの全周に亘って測定して得た開口面積）と破断荷重との関係を示すグラフである。このグラフは、サスペンションロッド（摩擦圧接部品）の開口面積および破壊荷重を実測して得たものである。試験に用いたサスペンションロッドは、押出形材（材質：Ｔ６処理をしたJＩＳ規格のアルミニウム合金６０６１）を用いて形成したパイプ状部材Ａ１およびエンド部材Ａ２，Ａ２を摩擦圧接して得たものである（図１の（ａ）参照）。摩擦圧接前におけるパイプ状部材Ａ１の外径およびエンド部材Ａ２の円筒部の外径は、いずれも２５(mm)であり、パイプ状部材Ａ１の肉厚およびエンド部材Ａ２の円筒部の肉厚は、いずれも４．５(mm)である。摩擦圧接後に、接合部ａの仕上げ外径寸法（外周側のバリｂを切除した後における接合部ａの外径寸法）が２６.５（mm）となるようにバリｂを切除し、その後、接合部ａの外周面に現れた凹部ｃの開口面積を全周（１周）に亘って計測するとともに、破断荷重の計測を行った。なお、本試験においては、撮像手段３により取得された画像データに対して画像処理（輝度値が基準輝度値以下である画素の色を黒色に置き換え、輝度値が基準輝度値よりも大きい画素の色を白色に置き換える処理）を行い、黒色部分の面積を計測することで、凹部ｃの開口面積を取得した。破断荷重は、摩擦圧接後に引張試験を行うことで取得した。引張試験では、エンド部材Ａ２，Ａ２を引張試験機のチャックで把持することでサスペンションロッドに引張力を付与し、その何れかの箇所において破断したときの荷重を「破断荷重」とした。図５のグラフ中、白抜き四角形のプロットは接合界面Ｊ（摩擦圧接面）にて破断したことを示しており、塗り潰したダイヤ形のプロットは、接合界面Ｊ以外にて破断したことを示している。なお、図５のグラフにおける開口面積は、破断した側の接合部ａにおける開口面積であり、これを横軸にとってデータをプロットした。   FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the opening area of the recess c (the opening area obtained by measurement over the entire circumference of the joint part a) and the breaking load. This graph is obtained by actually measuring the opening area and the breaking load of the suspension rod (friction welding part). The suspension rod used in the test was obtained by friction welding the pipe-shaped member A1 and end members A2, A2 formed using an extruded profile (material: JIS standard aluminum alloy 6061 treated with T6). (See (a) of FIG. 1). Before the friction welding, the outer diameter of the pipe-shaped member A1 and the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion of the end member A2 are both 25 mm, and the thickness of the pipe-shaped member A1 and the thickness of the cylindrical portion of the end member A2 are , Both are 4.5 (mm). After the friction welding, the burr b is cut so that the finished outer diameter of the joint a (the outer diameter of the joint a after the outer burr b is cut) is 26.5 (mm), While measuring the opening area of the recessed part c which appeared on the outer peripheral surface of the junction part a over the perimeter (1 round), the fracture | rupture load was measured. In this test, image processing is performed on the image data acquired by the imaging means 3 (the pixel color whose luminance value is equal to or lower than the reference luminance value is replaced with black, and the pixel whose luminance value is larger than the reference luminance value is detected. The process of replacing the color with white) was performed, and the area of the black portion was measured to obtain the opening area of the recess c. The breaking load was obtained by performing a tensile test after friction welding. In the tensile test, the end members A2 and A2 were gripped by the chuck of the tensile tester to apply a tensile force to the suspension rod, and the load when the suspension member broke at any point was defined as a “breaking load”. In the graph of FIG. 5, the white square plot indicates that the fracture occurred at the joint interface J (friction welding surface), and the filled diamond-shaped plot indicates that the fracture occurred at other than the joint interface J. Yes. In addition, the opening area in the graph of FIG. 5 is the opening area in the joint part a on the fractured side, and data is plotted with this as the horizontal axis.

図５のグラフからは、開口面積が０（ゼロ）の場合に破断荷重が最も大きく、開口面積が増加するにつれて破断荷重が徐々に小さくなり、開口面積が或る値を超えると急激に小さくなることが読み取れる。また、開口面積が或る値（図５では約１．８（mm2））を超えると、接合界面Ｊで破断するようになり、接合界面Ｊでの接合不良が破断荷重の低下の原因になることが判った。基準面積（基準画素数Ｎ０）は、図５に示すような傾向を加味したうえで、摩擦圧接部品Ａに要求される破断荷重等が確実に得られるように設定すればよい。例えば破断荷重として８５（ｋＮ）を保証したい場合であれば、縦軸の目盛り８５（ｋＮ）を通る横線（横軸に平行な線分）を引くとともに、この横線とグラフ（近似曲線）との交点を通る縦線（縦軸に平行な線分）を引き、この縦線と横軸との交点における値（図５では１．６７（mm2））以下のいずれかの値を基準面積に設定すればよい。From the graph of FIG. 5, the breaking load is greatest when the opening area is 0 (zero), the breaking load gradually decreases as the opening area increases, and decreases rapidly when the opening area exceeds a certain value. I can read. Further, when the opening area exceeds a certain value (about 1.8 (mm 2 in FIG. 5)), the fracture occurs at the joint interface J, and the joint failure at the joint interface J causes a decrease in the fracture load. I found out that The reference area (reference pixel number N 0 ) may be set so that the fracture load required for the friction welded part A can be reliably obtained in consideration of the tendency shown in FIG. For example, if it is desired to guarantee 85 (kN) as the breaking load, a horizontal line passing through the scale 85 (kN) on the vertical axis (a line segment parallel to the horizontal axis) is drawn, and the horizontal line and the graph (approximate curve) A vertical line (a line segment parallel to the vertical axis) passing through the intersection is drawn, and any value below the value at the intersection of the vertical line and the horizontal axis (1.67 (mm 2 ) in FIG. 5) is used as the reference area. You only have to set it.

次に、主に図２および図３を参照して、本実施形態に係る接合品質管理方法を詳細に説明する。
まず、バリｂ（図１の（ｂ）参照）を切除して得た摩擦圧接部品Ａを、動力源１３を停止させた状態の部品保持手段１に保持させる。また、光源２を発光させ、摩擦圧接部品Ａの接合部ａの斜め上方から接合部ａに向けて照明光を照射する。Next, mainly with reference to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the joining quality control method according to the present embodiment will be described in detail.
First, the friction welding component A obtained by cutting off the burr b (see FIG. 1B) is held by the component holding means 1 in a state where the power source 13 is stopped. Further, the light source 2 is caused to emit light, and the illumination light is irradiated from the obliquely upper part of the joint part a of the friction welding component A toward the joint part a.

（撮像過程Ｓ１）
事前準備が完了したならば、摩擦圧接部品Ａを中心軸周りに回転させつつ、接合部ａの外周面を撮像する。すなわち、制御部１４に繋がる図示せぬ起動スイッチを操作して動力源１３を作動させるとともに、撮像手段３により接合部ａの外周面を撮像する。取得した画像データは、記憶手段７に格納する。撮像を開始するタイミングは、動力源１３の動き（例えば、ステッピングモータを作動させるための指令パルス信号やロータリーエンコーダから出力されるエンコーダ信号）と連動させることが望ましい。撮像を終了するタイミングは、動力源１３の出力軸１３ａが一回転したことを示す信号をトリガーとするとよい。画像データの取得タイミングを動力源１３の動作と同期させれば、画像データのデータ量が必要最小限に抑えられるので、画像処理に要する時間を短縮することが可能になる。(Imaging process S1)
When the preliminary preparation is completed, the outer peripheral surface of the joint portion a is imaged while rotating the friction welding component A around the central axis. That is, a power source 13 is operated by operating a start switch (not shown) connected to the control unit 14, and the outer peripheral surface of the joint portion a is imaged by the imaging unit 3. The acquired image data is stored in the storage means 7. It is desirable that the timing at which imaging is started be interlocked with the movement of the power source 13 (for example, a command pulse signal for operating the stepping motor or an encoder signal output from the rotary encoder). The timing for ending the imaging may be triggered by a signal indicating that the output shaft 13a of the power source 13 has made one revolution. If the acquisition timing of the image data is synchronized with the operation of the power source 13, the amount of image data can be minimized, so that the time required for image processing can be shortened.

（暗色画素抽出過程Ｓ２）
撮像過程Ｓ１が終了したならば、記憶手段７に記憶された画像データの中から、輝度値が基準輝度値以下である画素（暗色画素）を抽出する。本実施形態の暗色画素抽出過程Ｓ２では、抽出手段４が、記憶手段７に記憶された画像データを読み出すとともに、画像データを構成する多数の画素のそれぞれについて、輝度値が基準輝度値以下であるか否か（暗色画素であるか否か）を判定し、基準輝度値以下であると判定された画素を抽出する。なお、取得した画像データの全部（すなわち、総ての画素）に対して、暗色画素抽出過程を行ってもよいし、画像データの一部（例えば、接合部ａの外周面と接合界面Ｊとの交差線に沿った帯状領域に対応する画像データ）に対して、暗色画素抽出過程を行ってもよい。(Dark color pixel extraction process S2)
When the imaging process S1 is completed, pixels (dark pixels) whose luminance value is equal to or less than the reference luminance value are extracted from the image data stored in the storage unit 7. In the dark color pixel extraction step S2 of the present embodiment, the extraction unit 4 reads out the image data stored in the storage unit 7, and the luminance value is less than or equal to the reference luminance value for each of a large number of pixels constituting the image data. Whether it is a dark pixel or not, and a pixel determined to be equal to or less than the reference luminance value is extracted. It should be noted that the dark pixel extraction process may be performed on all of the acquired image data (that is, all the pixels), or a part of the image data (for example, the outer peripheral surface of the joint portion a and the joint interface J). The dark pixel extraction process may be performed on the image data corresponding to the belt-like region along the intersection line.

（画素数集計過程Ｓ３）
続いて、暗色画素抽出過程Ｓ２で抽出された暗色画素の個数Ｎを集計する。本実施形態の画素数集計過程Ｓ３では、画素数集計手段５が、抽出手段４において暗色画素であると判定された画素の個数Ｎを集計し、集計結果を記憶手段７に格納する。(Pixel count process S3)
Subsequently, the number N of dark color pixels extracted in the dark color pixel extraction step S2 is totalized. In the pixel number counting step S3 of the present embodiment, the pixel number counting unit 5 totals the number N of pixels determined to be dark pixels by the extracting unit 4, and stores the totaling result in the storage unit 7.

（判定過程Ｓ４）
そして、画素数集計過程Ｓ３で得た暗色画素の個数Ｎが基準画素数Ｎ０以下である場合には管理基準を満たしていると判定し、個数Ｎが基準画素数Ｎ０よりも大きい場合には管理基準を満たしていないと判定する。本実施形態の判定過程Ｓ４では、判定手段６が、記憶手段７の中から暗色画素の個数Ｎを読み出し、個数Ｎが基準画素数Ｎ０以下であるか否かを判定する。(Judgment process S4)
Then, it is determined that when the number N of the dark pixels obtained by the pixel number tabulation process S3 is equal to or less than the reference pixel number N 0 meets management standards, if the number N is larger than the reference pixel number N 0 Determines that the management criteria are not met. The decision process S4 in the present embodiment, determination unit 6 reads the number N of the dark pixel from the storage means 7, the number N is to or less than the reference pixel number N 0.

なお、判定過程Ｓ４において「管理基準を満たしていない（不合格）」と判定された場合には、不合格である旨を表示手段７（図２参照）に表示するか、あるいは、警報音等をスピーカ９から出力するなどして、作業者に対して警告を与える。図示は省略するが、判定過程Ｓ４において「管理基準を満たしている（合格）」と判定された場合に、合格である旨を表示手段７に表示し、あるいは、チャイム音等をスピーカ９から出力するなどしても差し支えない。   In the determination process S4, when it is determined that “the management standard is not satisfied (failed)”, the failure is displayed on the display means 7 (see FIG. 2), or an alarm sound or the like. Is output from the speaker 9 to give a warning to the worker. Although illustration is omitted, when it is determined that “the management standard is satisfied (passed)” in the determination step S 4, the display unit 7 displays that it is passed, or outputs a chime sound or the like from the speaker 9. You can do it.

以上説明した本実施形態に係る接合品質管理装置および接合品質管理方法によれば、最終製品に負荷を掛ける引張試験等を実施せずとも、摩擦圧接部品Ａの品質が管理基準を満たしているか否かを判定することができるので、生産された摩擦圧接部品Ａの全数について、品質を保証することが可能となる。しかも、本実施形態に係る接合品質管理方法によれば、凹部ｃの開口面積と相関のある暗色画素の個数Ｎを基準にしているので、管理基準を満たしているか否かを客観的かつ定量的に判定することができ、判定者の経験等によって判定結果が左右されるようなこともない。   According to the joining quality control device and the joining quality control method according to the present embodiment described above, whether or not the quality of the friction welded part A satisfies the management standard without performing a tensile test or the like that places a load on the final product. Therefore, it is possible to guarantee the quality of all the friction welded parts A produced. In addition, according to the bonding quality control method according to the present embodiment, the number N of dark pixels having a correlation with the opening area of the recess c is used as a reference, so whether or not the control standard is satisfied can be objectively and quantitatively determined. The determination result is not affected by the experience of the determiner.

なお、本実施形態では、暗色画素の個数Ｎを集計することで、管理基準を満たしているか否かを判定することとしたが、このほか、凹部ｃとして特定された部分の面積を集計することで、管理基準を満たしているか否かを判定してもよい。   In this embodiment, the number N of dark pixels is counted to determine whether or not the management standard is satisfied. In addition, the area of the portion specified as the recess c is counted. Thus, it may be determined whether or not the management standard is satisfied.

すなわち、接合部ａの外周面に現れた凹部ｃを、撮像過程で得られた画像上において特定したうえで（画像処理過程）、凹部ａとして特定された部分の面積を集計し（面積集計過程）、面積の集計値Ｍが基準面積Ｍ０以下である場合に管理基準を満たしていると判定し、面積の集計値Ｍが前記基準面積Ｍ０よりも大きい場合に管理基準を満たしていないと判定してもよい。That is, after specifying the recess c appearing on the outer peripheral surface of the joint a on the image obtained in the imaging process (image processing process), the area of the part specified as the recess a is totaled (area counting process). ), It is determined that the management standard is satisfied when the area total value M is equal to or less than the reference area M 0 , and the management standard is not satisfied when the area total value M is larger than the reference area M 0. You may judge.

なお、画像上において凹部ｃを特定するには、例えば、撮像手段３で取得された画像データに対して、基準輝度値を閾値とした二値化処理を行って二値画像データを生成すればよい（図４の（ｂ）参照）。また、凹部ａとして特定された部分の面積の集計値Ｍを得るためには、例えば、二値画像データの中から、輝度値がゼロ（または階調値がゼロ）の画素を抽出し、その総数を面積の集計値Ｍとすればよい。   In order to specify the concave portion c on the image, for example, binarization processing is performed on the image data acquired by the imaging unit 3 using the reference luminance value as a threshold value to generate binary image data. Good (see FIG. 4B). Further, in order to obtain the total value M of the area of the portion specified as the recess a, for example, a pixel having a luminance value of zero (or a gradation value of zero) is extracted from binary image data, The total number may be the total value M of the area.

Claims (4)

接合部外周側に発生したバリを切除して得た摩擦圧接部品に対して行われる接合品質管理方法であって、
前記バリを切除した後の接合部の外周面を撮像する撮像過程と、
前記接合部の平滑面を描画する画素の輝度値よりも小さい値を基準輝度値とし、前記撮像過程で得られた画像データの中から、輝度値が前記基準輝度値以下である画素を抽出する暗色画素抽出過程と、
前記暗色画素抽出過程で抽出された画素の個数を集計する画素数集計過程と、
接合品質が管理基準を満たしているか否かを判定する判定過程と、を含み、
前記判定過程では、前記個数が基準画素数以下である場合に前記管理基準を満たしていると判定し、前記個数が前記基準画素数よりも大きい場合に前記管理基準を満たしていないと判定する、ことを特徴とする接合品質管理方法。 A joining quality control method performed on a friction welding part obtained by cutting off burrs generated on the outer peripheral side of the joint,
An imaging process for imaging the outer peripheral surface of the joint after excising the burr;
A pixel whose luminance value is equal to or less than the reference luminance value is extracted from the image data obtained in the imaging process using a value smaller than the luminance value of the pixel that draws the smooth surface of the joint as a reference luminance value. Dark pixel extraction process,
A pixel count counting process for counting the number of pixels extracted in the dark pixel extraction process;
A determination process for determining whether or not the joining quality satisfies the management standard,
In the determination process, it is determined that the management criterion is satisfied when the number is equal to or less than the reference pixel number, and it is determined that the management criterion is not satisfied when the number is larger than the reference pixel number. A bonding quality control method characterized by that. 接合部外周側に発生したバリを切除して得た摩擦圧接部品に対して行われる接合品質管理方法であって、
前記バリを切除した後の接合部の外周面を撮像する撮像過程と、
前記撮像過程で得られた画像上において前記外周面に現れた凹部を特定する画像処理過程と、
前記凹部として特定された部分の面積を集計する面積集計過程と、
接合品質が管理基準を満たしているか否かを判定する判定過程と、を含み、
前記判定過程では、前記面積の集計値が基準面積以下である場合に前記管理基準を満たしていると判定し、前記面積の集計値が前記基準面積よりも大きい場合に前記管理基準を満たしていないと判定する、ことを特徴とする接合品質管理方法。 A joining quality control method performed on a friction welding part obtained by cutting off burrs generated on the outer peripheral side of the joint,
An imaging process for imaging the outer peripheral surface of the joint after excising the burr;
An image processing process for identifying a recess appearing on the outer peripheral surface on the image obtained in the imaging process;
An area counting process for counting the area of the portion specified as the recess,
A determination process for determining whether or not the joining quality satisfies the management standard,
In the determination process, it is determined that the management standard is satisfied when the total value of the area is equal to or less than a reference area, and the management standard is not satisfied when the total value of the area is larger than the reference area. A quality control method for joining, characterized in that 接合部外周側に発生したバリを切除して得た摩擦圧接部品に対して行われる接合品質管理方法であって、
前記バリを切除した後の接合部の外周面に現れた凹部の開口面積を集計する面積集計過程と、
接合品質が管理基準を満たしているか否かを判定する判定過程と、を含み、
前記判定過程では、前記開口面積の集計値が基準面積以下である場合に前記管理基準を満たしていると判定し、前記開口面積の集計値が前記基準面積よりも大きい場合に前記管理基準を満たしていないと判定する、ことを特徴とする接合品質管理方法。 A joining quality control method performed on a friction welding part obtained by cutting off burrs generated on the outer peripheral side of the joint,
An area counting process for counting the opening area of the recesses that appeared on the outer peripheral surface of the joint after excising the burr;
A determination process for determining whether or not the joining quality satisfies the management standard,
In the determination process, it is determined that the management standard is satisfied when the total value of the opening area is equal to or less than a reference area, and the management standard is satisfied when the total value of the opening area is larger than the reference area. It determines that it is not, The joining quality control method characterized by the above-mentioned. 前記摩擦圧接部品の母材を熱処理型アルミニウム合金とし、
接合界面に発生する応力が前記接合界面における破壊応力に達するよりも前に、前記接合界面以外の断面に発生する応力が当該断面における破壊応力に達するように前記接合部の仕上げ外径寸法を設定し、当該仕上げ寸法となるように前記バリを切除した後に、前記撮像過程を行う、ことを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項３のいずれか一項に記載の接合品質管理方法。 The base material of the friction welding part is a heat-treatable aluminum alloy,
Before the stress generated at the joint interface reaches the fracture stress at the joint interface, the finished outer diameter of the joint is set so that the stress generated at the cross section other than the joint interface reaches the fracture stress at the cross section. The joining quality control method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the imaging process is performed after the burr is cut so as to have the finished dimension.
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