JP5357516B2 - Yarn running monitoring device - Google Patents

Yarn running monitoring device Download PDF

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JP5357516B2
JP5357516B2 JP2008286536A JP2008286536A JP5357516B2 JP 5357516 B2 JP5357516 B2 JP 5357516B2 JP 2008286536 A JP2008286536 A JP 2008286536A JP 2008286536 A JP2008286536 A JP 2008286536A JP 5357516 B2 JP5357516 B2 JP 5357516B2
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thread
pulse
needle
needle thread
yarn
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JP2010111487A (en
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善浩 村川
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Gunze Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device capable of surely detecting an abnormality of the travel of filament yarn such as a skipping stitch in a non-contact manner. <P>SOLUTION: The travel monitoring device 10 monitors the travel of both a needle thread 14a and a bobbin thread 14b used by a fiber machine 12. The device includes sensors 16a, 16b for the filament yarns 14a, 14b. The sensors 16a, 16b include light sources 18a, 18b and differential space filter elements 20a, 20b, respectively. A differential output of the first sensor 16a and a differential output of the second sensor 16b are inputted into a signal processing circuit 26 for determining whether the filament yarns 14a, 14b travel or not, and processed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

本発明は、ミシンなどの繊維機械の稼働中に糸条の走行を監視する装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to an apparatus for monitoring the running of a yarn during operation of a textile machine such as a sewing machine.

従来、ミシンの稼働中に、走行する糸条の監視が行われている。衣類などの生産中に起きる目飛びなどを監視することによって、製造歩留まりを改善する目的がある。走行する糸条の糸長や糸速、糸切れあるいはミシンの目飛びの発生等を監視する場合、糸条をローラに巻きつけて行う方法がある。この方法では、糸条に連れ回りするローラの回転数を検出することによって、糸条の走行状態を監視する。   Conventionally, the running yarn is monitored during operation of the sewing machine. The purpose is to improve the manufacturing yield by monitoring the skipping during the production of clothing and the like. When monitoring the yarn length and yarn speed of a running yarn, the occurrence of yarn breakage, or the occurrence of stitch skipping, there is a method in which the yarn is wound around a roller. In this method, the running state of the yarn is monitored by detecting the number of rotations of the roller that rotates with the yarn.

糸条をローラに巻きつける方法では、糸条とローラとの間に不規則な滑りや摩擦が発生する。糸条の走行に対するローラの回転数が一定しないため、糸長や糸速、糸切れ、ミシンの目飛び等を正確に監視することができない。ローラを回転させるためのエネルギーを糸条の走行によって得ているので、過大な張力で糸条を引っ張る必要があり、目調子が悪くなるという問題点があった。ローラには回転摺動部が存在するために、回転摺動部に綿ゴミなどがたまって回転しなくなるという欠点があった。   In the method of winding the yarn around the roller, irregular slipping or friction occurs between the yarn and the roller. Since the number of rotations of the roller with respect to the running of the yarn is not constant, it is impossible to accurately monitor the yarn length, yarn speed, yarn breakage, stitch skipping, and the like. Since the energy for rotating the roller is obtained by running the yarn, it is necessary to pull the yarn with an excessive tension, which causes a problem that the tone is deteriorated. Since the roller has a rotating sliding portion, there is a drawback that the rotating sliding portion accumulates cotton dust or the like and does not rotate.

ミシンに使用される糸条は針糸（または上糸と言う）と下糸がある。糸条の動作の一例としては、ミシン針の動作によって、生地の一方から針糸が生地を貫通し、生地の他方で下糸が針糸に絡み合う。生地の種類によって目飛びを起こしやすい糸条が異なる。いずれか一方の糸条のみ監視していると、糸条の目飛びを見逃すおそれがある。   Threads used in sewing machines include needle threads (or upper threads) and lower threads. As an example of the operation of the yarn, by the operation of the sewing needle, the needle thread penetrates the fabric from one side of the fabric, and the lower thread is entangled with the needle thread on the other side of the fabric. Threads that tend to skip are different depending on the type of fabric. If only one of the yarns is monitored, skipping of the yarn may be missed.

特許文献１に差動型空間フィルタ素子を使用した巻き取り装置が開示されている。走行する糸条の毛羽の影を差動型空間フィルタ素子上に投影し、空間フィルタ素子で光電変換された光電流を信号処理する。   Patent Document 1 discloses a winding device that uses a differential spatial filter element. The shadow of the running yarn fluff is projected onto the differential spatial filter element, and the photoelectric current photoelectrically converted by the spatial filter element is signal-processed.

しかし、特許文献１の装置は糸条の巻き取り長を計測する巻き取り装置であり、糸条の目飛びを監視するものではない。また、化学合成糸のように毛羽がない糸条であれば、走行を監視することはできない。   However, the device of Patent Document 1 is a winding device that measures the winding length of the yarn, and does not monitor skipping of the yarn. In addition, if the yarn does not have fluff like chemically synthesized yarn, the running cannot be monitored.

特開２００５−１９４０２４号公報（段落番号００１５、図１など）Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-194024 (paragraph number 0015, FIG. 1, etc.)

本発明の目的は、目飛びなどの糸条の走行異常の発生を非接触で確実に検知することができる装置を提供することにある。   The objective of this invention is providing the apparatus which can detect reliably generation | occurrence | production of abnormality in running | running | working of yarns, such as a skip, without contact.

本発明の糸条の走行監視装置は、針糸と下糸を使用して縫製をおこなう繊維機械における糸条の走行を監視する。具体的には、針糸に光を照射する第１光源と、前記針糸に対して第１光源とは反対方向に配置され、２系列の受光素子が針糸の走行方向に同じピッチで交互に並べられ、光が照射された針糸の影の変化に応じた第１光電流を出力する第１差動型空間フィルタ素子と、下糸に光を照射する第２光源と、前記下糸に対して第２光源とは反対方向に配置され、２系列の受光素子が下糸の走行方向に同じピッチで交互に並べられ、光が照射された下糸の影の変化に応じた第２光電流を出力する第２差動型空間フィルタ素子とを含む。   The yarn traveling monitoring device of the present invention monitors the traveling of a yarn in a textile machine that performs sewing using needle yarns and lower yarns. Specifically, a first light source that irradiates light to the needle thread, and a direction opposite to the first light source with respect to the needle thread, two light receiving elements are alternately arranged at the same pitch in the traveling direction of the needle thread. The first differential spatial filter element that outputs a first photocurrent corresponding to a change in the shadow of the needle thread irradiated with light, a second light source that emits light to the lower thread, and the lower thread The second light source is arranged in the opposite direction to the second light source, the two light receiving elements are alternately arranged at the same pitch in the traveling direction of the lower thread, and the second according to the change in the shadow of the lower thread irradiated with light. And a second differential spatial filter element that outputs a photocurrent.

前記第１光電流と第２光電流をそれぞれの値に対応した第１パルスと第２パルスに変換する手段と、前記第１パルスと第２パルスの数を計数する手段と、前記第１パルスと第２パルスの合計数によって針糸と下糸の走行異常を判断する手段とを含む。   Means for converting the first photocurrent and the second photocurrent into first and second pulses corresponding to the respective values; means for counting the number of the first and second pulses; and the first pulse. And a means for judging a running abnormality of the needle thread and the lower thread based on the total number of the second pulses.

第１光源から針糸に光を照射し、第１差動型空間フィルタ素子で針糸の影を検出し、第１光電流を出力する。下糸に対しては、第２光源と第２差動型空間フィルタ素子によって第２光電流を出力する。第１光電流から第１パルスを生成し、第２光電流から第２パルスを生成する。第１パルスと第２パルスの合計と予め設定した閾値とを比較し、閾値以下であれば糸条の走行異常と判断する。   Light is applied to the needle thread from the first light source, the shadow of the needle thread is detected by the first differential spatial filter element, and a first photocurrent is output. For the lower thread, a second photocurrent is output by the second light source and the second differential spatial filter element. A first pulse is generated from the first photocurrent, and a second pulse is generated from the second photocurrent. The sum of the first pulse and the second pulse is compared with a preset threshold value.

前記第１パルスと第２パルスの数を計数する手段が、ミシン針が上下に１往復する間に針糸と下糸が走行する走行量の比の逆数に応じた数値を第１パルスと第２パルスに乗算する。   The means for counting the number of the first pulse and the second pulse has a numerical value corresponding to a reciprocal of the ratio of the traveling amount of the needle thread and the lower thread while the sewing needle is reciprocated one up and down. Multiply two pulses.

前記針糸と下糸の走行異常を判断する手段が、同じタイミングでの第１パルスと第２パルスの合計数を使用して、針糸と下糸の走行異常を判断する。   The means for determining the running abnormality of the needle thread and the lower thread uses the total number of the first pulse and the second pulse at the same timing to determine the running abnormality of the needle thread and the lower thread.

前記針糸と下糸の走行異常を判断する手段が、タイミングの異なる第１パルスと第２パルスの合計数を使用して、針糸と下糸の走行異常を判断する。   The means for determining the running abnormality of the needle thread and the lower thread determines the running abnormality of the needle thread and the lower thread using the total number of the first pulse and the second pulse having different timings.

前記繊維機械に設けられた針糸と下糸を走行させるための手段の動作に応じて第３パルスを発する手段と、前記第１パルス、第２パルス、および第３パルスのタイミングを比較し、針糸と下糸を走行させる手段の動作に応じて針糸と下糸の走行異常を判定する手段とを備える。   Comparing the timing of the first pulse, the second pulse, and the third pulse with the means for emitting the third pulse in response to the operation of the means for running the needle thread and the lower thread provided in the textile machine; Means for determining a running abnormality of the needle thread and the lower thread in accordance with the operation of the means for traveling the needle thread and the lower thread.

前記針糸と下糸がフィラメント糸であり、前記第１差動型空間フィルタの前記ピッチが針糸の表面にある凹凸の凹から凹までの距離または凸から凸までの距離とほぼ同じであり、前記第２差動型空間フィルタの前記ピッチが下糸の表面にある凹凸の凹から凹までの距離または凸から凸までの距離とほぼ同じである。   The needle yarn and the lower yarn are filament yarns, and the pitch of the first differential spatial filter is substantially the same as the distance from concave to convex or the distance from convex to convex on the surface of the needle thread. The pitch of the second differential type spatial filter is substantially the same as the distance from the concave to the concave of the surface of the lower thread or the distance from the convex to the convex.

本発明は、針糸と下糸の両方を監視するため、生地によって目飛びを起こす糸条が異なっても、糸条の目飛びを監視することができる。両方の糸条の走行に基づいて生成したパルスを加算することにより、目飛びを監視する精度を高めている。   Since the present invention monitors both the needle thread and the lower thread, it is possible to monitor the thread skip even if the thread causing the skip varies depending on the fabric. By adding pulses generated based on the travel of both yarns, the accuracy of monitoring the skipping is improved.

本発明の糸条の走行監視装置について図面を使用して説明する。本発明の走行監視装置は、繊維機械の糸条の走行経路の途中に取り付けられる。繊維機械としてはミシンが挙げられ、糸条は針糸と下糸が使用される。糸条は毛羽の有無を問わないが、先ず、毛羽の無いフィラメント糸を使用して説明をおこなう。フィラメント糸は、天然糸としては絹糸、化学合成糸としてはナイロン糸やポリエステル糸などが挙げられる。以下、説明に使用するフィラメント糸は主として化学合成糸とする。   The yarn traveling monitoring apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The traveling monitoring device of the present invention is attached in the middle of the traveling path of the yarn of the textile machine. A sewing machine is an example of a textile machine, and a needle thread and a bobbin thread are used as yarns. The yarn may or may not have fluff, but first, explanation will be made using filament yarn without fluff. Examples of the filament yarn include silk yarn as natural yarn and nylon yarn and polyester yarn as chemically synthesized yarn. Hereinafter, the filament yarn used for explanation is mainly a chemically synthesized yarn.

糸条（フィラメント糸）は、複数の長繊維がより合わさっている。図５に示すように、長繊維１５の表面は、目視観察では凹凸がなく滑らかな表面のように見えるが、顕微鏡等によって拡大観察すると、その表面に微細凹凸３２を持っている。微細凹凸３２は、長繊維１５が紡糸される際の製造条件や環境条件や原料の物性等によって、ある一定の大きさの範囲で存在している。すなわち、針糸１４ａ，下糸１４ｂの表面には、長繊維１５が持つ微細凹凸３２がある一定の大きさの範囲で存在している。   A yarn (filament yarn) is a combination of a plurality of long fibers. As shown in FIG. 5, the surface of the long fiber 15 looks smooth with no irregularities by visual observation, but has fine irregularities 32 on the surface when magnified by a microscope or the like. The fine irregularities 32 exist in a certain size range depending on the production conditions, environmental conditions, physical properties of the raw materials, and the like when the long fibers 15 are spun. In other words, the fine irregularities 32 of the long fibers 15 are present in a certain range on the surfaces of the needle thread 14a and the lower thread 14b.

図１に示す本発明の走行監視装置１０は、繊維機械１２で使用される針糸１４ａと下糸１４ｂの両方の走行を監視する。各糸条１４ａ，１４ｂに対してセンサー１６ａ，１６ｂが設けられる。センサー１６ａ，１６ｂには、光源と差動型空間フィルタ素子が含まれる（図２）。説明の便宜上、針糸１４ａを監視する方を第１センサー１６ａ、第１光源１８ａ、第１差動型空間フィルタ素子２０ａとし、下糸１４ｂを監視する方を第２センサー１６ｂ、第２光源１８ｂ、第２差動型空間フィルタ素子２０ｂとする。いずれのセンサー１６ａ，１６ｂも同じ動作をするものであり、針糸１４ａの監視を例にして説明する。   The traveling monitoring apparatus 10 of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 monitors the traveling of both the needle thread 14a and the lower thread 14b used in the textile machine 12. Sensors 16a and 16b are provided for the yarns 14a and 14b. The sensors 16a and 16b include a light source and a differential spatial filter element (FIG. 2). For convenience of explanation, the one that monitors the needle thread 14a is the first sensor 16a, the first light source 18a, and the first differential spatial filter element 20a, and the one that monitors the lower thread 14b is the second sensor 16b and the second light source 18b. The second differential spatial filter element 20b is used. Both of the sensors 16a and 16b perform the same operation, and will be described by taking an example of monitoring the needle thread 14a.

第１光源１８ａは、走行する針糸１４ａに光Ｌを照射する。第１光源１８ａは、発光ダイオードやレーザダイオードを使用する。第１光源１８ａが発光する光Ｌは、第１差動型空間フィルタ素子２０ａの上に針糸１４ａの微細凹凸３２による影の明暗を投影させることができる輝度である。例えば、発光出力が１０ｍＷ以上の高出力が良い。   The first light source 18a irradiates the traveling needle thread 14a with light L. The first light source 18a uses a light emitting diode or a laser diode. The light L emitted from the first light source 18a has a luminance that can project the shade of the shadow due to the fine irregularities 32 of the needle thread 14a on the first differential spatial filter element 20a. For example, a high output with a light emission output of 10 mW or more is good.

第１差動型空間フィルタ素子２０ａは、針糸１４ａに対して第１光源１８ａとは反対方向に配置される。第１差動型空間フィルタ素子２０ａは、複数の受光素子２２ｍ、２２ｎを有する。受光素子２２ｍ、２２ｎとしては、ｐｎフォトダイオードやｐｉｎフォトダイオード等が挙げられるが、これに限定されない。複数の受光素子２２ｍ、２２ｎは２系列Ａ、Ｂに分かれており、各系列Ａ、Ｂごとに複数の受光素子２２ｍ、２２ｎを有する。   The first differential spatial filter element 20a is disposed in a direction opposite to the first light source 18a with respect to the needle thread 14a. The first differential spatial filter element 20a includes a plurality of light receiving elements 22m and 22n. Examples of the light receiving elements 22m and 22n include, but are not limited to, pn photodiodes and pin photodiodes. The plurality of light receiving elements 22m and 22n are divided into two series A and B, and each of the series A and B has a plurality of light receiving elements 22m and 22n.

図３に示すように、２系列Ａ、Ｂの受光素子２２ｍ、２２ｎは糸条１４ａの走行方向ｚに同じピッチｄ１で交互に並べられている。また、系列Ａの受光素子２２ｍと系列Ｂの受光素子２２ｎとのピッチはｄ１／２である。第１差動型空間フィルタ素子２０ａの等価回路は図４に示され、各系列Ａ、Ｂごとに受光素子２２ｍ、２２ｎのカソードは全て短絡されて櫛歯型になっている。第１差動型空間フィルタ素子２０ａは、両系列Ａ、Ｂのアノードから光電流が系列Ａ出力と系列Ｂ出力として出力され、第１差動増幅回路２４ａに送られる。第１差動増幅回路２４ａでは、系列Ａ出力と系列Ｂ出力とを差動出力し、信号処理回路２６に送る。第１差動増幅回路２４ａは、差動出力を必要に応じて適宜増幅する。   As shown in FIG. 3, the light receiving elements 22m and 22n of the two series A and B are alternately arranged at the same pitch d1 in the running direction z of the yarn 14a. The pitch between the series A light receiving elements 22m and the series B light receiving elements 22n is d1 / 2. An equivalent circuit of the first differential spatial filter element 20a is shown in FIG. 4, and the cathodes of the light receiving elements 22m and 22n are short-circuited for each of the series A and B to form a comb-teeth shape. In the first differential spatial filter element 20a, photocurrents are output from the anodes of both series A and B as series A output and series B output, and sent to the first differential amplifier circuit 24a. In the first differential amplifier circuit 24 a, the series A output and the series B output are differentially output and sent to the signal processing circuit 26. The first differential amplifier circuit 24a amplifies the differential output as necessary.

針糸１４ａの走行を監視するために、受光素子２２ｍ、２２ｎのピッチｄ１を針糸１４ａの表面の微細凹凸３２の大きさと略同じとしている。このことについて以下説明する。   In order to monitor the traveling of the needle thread 14a, the pitch d1 of the light receiving elements 22m and 22n is set to be approximately the same as the size of the fine irregularities 32 on the surface of the needle thread 14a. This will be described below.

（１）第１差動型空間フィルタ素子２０ａは、２系列Ａ、Ｂの受光素子２２ｍ、２２ｎが交互に等ピッチｄ１で並んでいる。（２）第１差動型空間フィルタ素子２０ａの出力は、受光素子２２ｍ、２２ｎに投影される針糸１４ａの微細凹凸３２の影に影響される。（３）第１差動増幅回路２４ａの出力は差動出力である。以上の（１）〜（３）より、系列Ａと系列Ｂの両方の受光素子２２ｍ、２２ｎが同一の受光量であれば、受光素子２２ｍ、２２ｎの出力はキャンセルされる。系列Ａと系列Ｂの受光素子２２ｍ、２２ｎが異なる受光量となれば、差動出力が生じる。なお、各系列Ａ，Ｂでの受光量は平均あるいは全て加算されたものである。   (1) In the first differential spatial filter element 20a, two series of light receiving elements 22m and 22n are alternately arranged at equal pitch d1. (2) The output of the first differential spatial filter element 20a is affected by the shadow of the fine irregularities 32 of the needle thread 14a projected onto the light receiving elements 22m and 22n. (3) The output of the first differential amplifier circuit 24a is a differential output. From the above (1) to (3), if both the light receiving elements 22m and 22n of the series A and the series B have the same received light amount, the outputs of the light receiving elements 22m and 22n are cancelled. If the light receiving elements 22m and 22n of the series A and the series B have different received light amounts, a differential output is generated. Note that the received light amounts in the series A and B are averaged or all added.

針糸１４ａの微細凹凸３２が、ピッチｄ１に対して異なる大きさであれば、両系列Ａ、Ｂの受光素子２２ｍ、２２ｎの受光量が同じかほぼ同じになってしまう。具体的には、隣り合う受光素子２２ｍ、２２ｎで異なる受光量であっても、系列Ａ、Ｂごとに受光素子２２ｍ、２２ｎの受光量を加算すると同じかほぼ同じになる。両系列Ａ、Ｂの出力は同じかほぼ同じになり、第１差動増幅回路２４ａの差動出力は０かほぼ０となる。   If the fine irregularities 32 of the needle thread 14a have different sizes with respect to the pitch d1, the amounts of light received by the light receiving elements 22m and 22n of both series A and B will be the same or substantially the same. Specifically, even if the light receiving amounts are different between the adjacent light receiving elements 22m and 22n, if the light receiving amounts of the light receiving elements 22m and 22n are added for each of the series A and B, they are the same or substantially the same. The outputs of both series A and B are the same or substantially the same, and the differential output of the first differential amplifier circuit 24a is 0 or substantially 0.

微細凹凸３２の凹部同士または凸部同士の間隔が、ピッチｄ１と同じか略同じであれば、系列Ａの受光素子２２ｍと系列Ｂの受光素子２２ｎで受光される光量の位相が１８０度ずれることとなる。例えば、受光素子２２ｍに針糸１４ａの凹による影が投影されたとき、受光素子２２ｎに針糸１４ａの凸による影が投影され、それに応じた受光量が受光される。例えば、微細凹凸３２の形状がほぼ均一なものであれば、系列Ａと系列Ｂとで、交互にほぼ同じ受光量となる。したがって、第１差動増幅回路２４ａは、系列Ａまたは系列Ｂの受光素子２２ｍ、２２ｎの光電流のほぼ倍に対応した差動出力をおこなう。   If the interval between the concave portions or the convex portions of the fine irregularities 32 is the same as or substantially the same as the pitch d1, the phase of the amount of light received by the series A light receiving element 22m and the series B light receiving element 22n is shifted by 180 degrees. It becomes. For example, when a shadow due to the depression of the needle thread 14a is projected onto the light receiving element 22m, a shadow due to the protrusion of the needle thread 14a is projected onto the light receiving element 22n, and the received light amount corresponding thereto is received. For example, if the shape of the fine irregularities 32 is substantially uniform, the series A and the series B have almost the same received light amount alternately. Accordingly, the first differential amplifier circuit 24a performs a differential output corresponding to almost double the photocurrent of the light receiving elements 22m and 22n of the series A or the series B.

また、微細凹凸３２の形状が多少不均一であったとしても、それぞれの系列Ａ、Ｂに複数の受光素子２２ｍ、２２ｎがあるため、系列Ａ、Ｂごとの総受光量は交互にほぼ同じになる。したがって、この場合も第１差動増幅回路２４ａは、系列Ａまたは系列Ｂの受光素子２２ｍ、２２ｎの光電流のほぼ倍に対応した差動出力をおこなう。   Even if the shape of the fine irregularities 32 is somewhat non-uniform, since there are a plurality of light receiving elements 22m and 22n in each of the series A and B, the total amount of light received for each of the series A and B is almost the same alternately. Become. Accordingly, also in this case, the first differential amplifier circuit 24a performs a differential output corresponding to almost double the photocurrent of the light receiving elements 22m and 22n of the series A or the series B.

以上のように、針糸１４ａの微細凹凸３２の影によって生じる受光素子２２ｍ、２２ｎの光電流を差動出力させるためには、各受光素子２２ｍ、２２ｎのピッチｄ１を針糸１４ａの微細凹凸３２の大きさと略同じとし、受光素子２２ｍと２２ｎを交互に等間隔に並べれば良い。そこで、ピッチｄ１が針糸１４ａの表面にある微細凹凸３２の凹から凹までの距離ｄ２または凸から凸までの距離ｄ３と略同じにする。例えば、ピッチｄ１は５０〜５００μｍであり、その中でも５０〜３００μｍが好ましい。距離ｄ２，ｄ３は、後述するように平均値などを使用しても良い。   As described above, in order to differentially output the photocurrents of the light receiving elements 22m and 22n caused by the shadows of the fine unevenness 32 of the needle thread 14a, the pitch d1 of each of the light receiving elements 22m and 22n is set to the fine unevenness 32 of the needle thread 14a. The light receiving elements 22m and 22n may be alternately arranged at equal intervals. Therefore, the pitch d1 is set to be substantially the same as the distance d2 from the concave to the concave of the fine irregularities 32 on the surface of the needle thread 14a or the distance d3 from the convex to the convex. For example, the pitch d1 is 50 to 500 μm, and 50 to 300 μm is preferable among them. As the distances d2 and d3, average values may be used as will be described later.

下糸１４ｂの監視をおこなう第２センサー１６ｂについても、第１センサー１６ａと同様である。第２差動型空間フィルタ２０ｂに２系列の受光素子２２ｐ、２２ｑが等間隔で並べられており、第２光源１８ｂの光によって下糸１４ｂの影が第２差動型空間フィルタ２０ｂに投影され、第２差動増幅回路２４ｂが第１差動増幅回路２４ａと同様の差動出力をおこなう。   The second sensor 16b that monitors the lower thread 14b is the same as the first sensor 16a. Two series of light receiving elements 22p and 22q are arranged at equal intervals on the second differential spatial filter 20b, and the shadow of the lower thread 14b is projected onto the second differential spatial filter 20b by the light from the second light source 18b. The second differential amplifier circuit 24b performs the same differential output as the first differential amplifier circuit 24a.

第１センサー１６ａの差動出力と第２センサー１６ｂの差動出力は、各糸条１４ａ，１４ｂの走行の有無を判定するための信号処理回路２６に入力され、処理される。   The differential output of the first sensor 16a and the differential output of the second sensor 16b are input to a signal processing circuit 26 for determining whether or not each yarn 14a, 14b is running, and processed.

信号処理回路２６は、第１差動型空間フィルタ素子２０ａおよび第２差動型空間フィルタ素子２０ｂの光電流の値に対応した第１パルスと第２パルスに変換するアンプ回路２８と、第１パルスと第２パルスを使用して糸条１４ａ，１４ｂの走行の異常を判断する制御回路３０とを備える。制御回路３０は、第１パルスと第２パルスの数を計数する回路と、第１パルスと第２パルスの合計数によって針糸１４ａと下糸１４ｂの走行の異常を判断する回路とを備える。信号処理回路２６は、オペアンプや抵抗、コンデンサなどの回路素子で構成される。   The signal processing circuit 26 includes an amplifier circuit 28 for converting the first pulse and the second pulse corresponding to the photocurrent values of the first differential spatial filter element 20a and the second differential spatial filter element 20b, And a control circuit 30 for determining abnormality of the running of the yarns 14a and 14b using the pulse and the second pulse. The control circuit 30 includes a circuit that counts the number of first pulses and second pulses, and a circuit that determines abnormal running of the needle thread 14a and the lower thread 14b based on the total number of first pulses and second pulses. The signal processing circuit 26 includes circuit elements such as an operational amplifier, a resistor, and a capacitor.

第１および第２パルスへの変換は、第１差動増幅回路２４ａおよび第２差動増幅回路２４ｂからの出力信号を入力し、バンドパスフィルタを通して波形整形し、更に増幅して予め記憶しておいた閾値以上の波形をパルス列に変換する。パルスの計数は、パルス列のパルス数を計数する。所定時間内の第１パルスと第２パルスの合計数が所定数あれば糸条１４ａ，１４ｂの走行が正常であると判断し、無ければ各糸条１４ａ，１４ｂの走行異常と判断する。   Conversion to the first and second pulses is performed by inputting output signals from the first differential amplifier circuit 24a and the second differential amplifier circuit 24b, shaping the waveform through a band-pass filter, further amplifying and storing them in advance. A waveform exceeding the set threshold is converted into a pulse train. In the pulse counting, the number of pulses in the pulse train is counted. If the total number of the first pulse and the second pulse within a predetermined time is a predetermined number, it is determined that the running of the yarns 14a, 14b is normal, and if not, it is determined that the running of the yarns 14a, 14b is abnormal.

第１パルスと第２パルスを合計する理由は、針糸１４ａと下糸１４ｂが互いに絡み合いながら縫製されるためである。いずれか一方の糸条１４ａ，１４ｂに目飛びが発生すると、両方の糸条１４ａ，１４ｂの消費量が減少する。第１および第２パルスを合計することにより、正常時と目飛び時のパルス数の差が大きくなり、目飛びを発見しやすくなる。一方、いずれかの糸条１４ａ，１４ｂのみを検知していた場合、パルス数の減少が少ない場合に、目飛びの発生を見逃す可能性がある。   The reason for summing the first pulse and the second pulse is that the needle thread 14a and the lower thread 14b are sewn while being entangled with each other. When skipping occurs in one of the yarns 14a and 14b, the consumption of both yarns 14a and 14b decreases. By summing the first and second pulses, the difference in the number of pulses between the normal time and the skipping time becomes large, and it becomes easy to find the skipping. On the other hand, when only one of the yarns 14a and 14b is detected, the occurrence of skipping may be overlooked when the number of pulses decreases little.

パルス数を計数する時間について説明する。糸条１４ａ，１４ｂはミシン針の動きにあわせて消費される。したがって、ミシン針やミシン針を動作させる手段の付近に近接スイッチ３４やフォトマイクロスイッチなどを取り付ける。例えば、一定のタイミングで動作するミシン針の柄やその柄を動かす機構などの付近に近接スイッチ３４を取り付ける。近接スイッチ３４はミシン針の柄などの動作に応じてオン・オフの信号を発する。信号処理回路２６がオン・オフ信号にあわせて第３パルスを生成すれば、第３パルスがオンまたはオフになっているときに、第１パルスと第２パルスが生成される。したがって、パルスを計数する所定時間は第３パルスがオンまたはオフになっているときである。   The time for counting the number of pulses will be described. The yarns 14a and 14b are consumed in accordance with the movement of the sewing needle. Therefore, a proximity switch 34, a photomicro switch, or the like is attached in the vicinity of the sewing needle or the means for operating the sewing needle. For example, the proximity switch 34 is attached in the vicinity of a handle of the sewing needle that operates at a fixed timing, a mechanism for moving the handle, or the like. The proximity switch 34 generates an on / off signal according to the operation of the handle of the sewing machine. If the signal processing circuit 26 generates the third pulse in accordance with the on / off signal, the first pulse and the second pulse are generated when the third pulse is on or off. Therefore, the predetermined time for counting the pulses is when the third pulse is on or off.

また、信号処理回路２６は、第１パルス、第２パルス、および第３パルスのタイミングを比較し、針糸１４ａと下糸１４ｂを走行させる手段の動作に応じて針糸１４ａと下糸１４ｂの走行異常を判定する回路を含む。パルスのタイミングが一致しているか否かをチェックするだけで、糸条１４ａ，１４ｂの走行と繊維機械１２の動作とが一致しているか否かをチェックすることができる。例えば、正常に糸条１４ａ，１４ｂが走行していれば、図６の時間Ｔ１，Ｔ２のように近接スイッチ３４のオン・オフによる第３パルスと第１差動型空間フィルタ素子２０ａおよび第２差動型空間フィルタ素子２０ｂの出力によるパルス列とが略同時間で且つ同じ時間間隔でオンになっている。   Further, the signal processing circuit 26 compares the timings of the first pulse, the second pulse, and the third pulse, and the needle thread 14a and the lower thread 14b are operated according to the operation of the means for causing the needle thread 14a and the lower thread 14b to travel. A circuit for determining a running abnormality is included. It is possible to check whether or not the running of the yarns 14a and 14b and the operation of the textile machine 12 match only by checking whether or not the pulse timings match. For example, if the yarns 14a and 14b are traveling normally, the third pulse by the on / off of the proximity switch 34, the first differential spatial filter element 20a, and the second pulse at times T1 and T2 in FIG. The pulse train generated by the output of the differential spatial filter element 20b is turned on at substantially the same time and at the same time interval.

なお、ミシン針の柄を動かす機構の動作に対して一定の遅れで糸条１４ａ，１４ｂが走行する場合もある。そのような場合でも、近接スイッチ３４のオン・オフによる第３パルスが１つ生成されれば、第１差動型空間フィルタ素子２０ａおよび第２差動型空間フィルタ素子２０ｂの出力によるパルス列が生成される。信号処理回路２６は、第３パルスとパルス列の一定のタイミングのズレを考慮して判定する。   Note that the yarns 14a and 14b may travel with a certain delay with respect to the operation of the mechanism that moves the handle of the sewing needle. Even in such a case, if one third pulse is generated by ON / OFF of the proximity switch 34, a pulse train is generated by the outputs of the first differential spatial filter element 20a and the second differential spatial filter element 20b. Is done. The signal processing circuit 26 makes the determination in consideration of a certain timing shift between the third pulse and the pulse train.

糸条１４ａ，１４ｂに目飛びが発生すると、図６の時間Ｔ３のように第１および第２パルスの数が減少する。パルス数が閾値よりも少なくなり、制御回路３０が糸条１４ａ，１４ｂの走行異常と判定する。糸条１４ａ，１４ｂの走行異常と判定されれば、信号処理回路２６から警報装置に信号を送り、警報を発するようにしても良い。例えば、図６のように、警報装置への信号を変化させ、警報装置が警報を発するようにする。また、信号処理回路２６から繊維機械１２の動作を制御するシーケンサに信号を送り、繊維機械１２の動作を停止させても良い。   When skipping occurs in the yarns 14a and 14b, the number of first and second pulses decreases as at time T3 in FIG. The number of pulses is less than the threshold value, and the control circuit 30 determines that the yarns 14a and 14b are running abnormally. If it is determined that the yarns 14a and 14b are running abnormally, a signal may be sent from the signal processing circuit 26 to the alarm device to issue an alarm. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the signal to the alarm device is changed so that the alarm device issues an alarm. Alternatively, the signal processing circuit 26 may send a signal to a sequencer that controls the operation of the textile machine 12 to stop the operation of the textile machine 12.

信号処理回路２６は、繊維機械１２の運転時間中の各パルスの総数から糸条１４ａ，１４ｂの走行糸長、単位時間当たりの各パルスの数から糸速を算出する回路を含むようにしても良い。糸条１４ａ，１４ｂの走行異常だけでなく、糸条１４ａ，１４ｂの走行状態がわかる。算出された糸条１４ａ，１４ｂの走行糸長、糸速のデータを繊維機械１２の動作を制御するシーケンサにフィードバックするようにしても良い。フィードバックされたデータから、シーケンサが繊維機械１２の動作を修正することができる。   The signal processing circuit 26 may include a circuit that calculates the yarn speed from the total number of pulses during the operation time of the textile machine 12 and the running yarn length of the yarns 14a and 14b and the number of pulses per unit time. Not only the running abnormality of the yarns 14a and 14b but also the running state of the yarns 14a and 14b can be known. The calculated traveling yarn length and yarn speed data of the yarns 14a and 14b may be fed back to a sequencer that controls the operation of the textile machine 12. From the fed back data, the sequencer can modify the operation of the textile machine 12.

ミシン針が上下に１往復する間の針糸１４ａと下糸１４ｂの走行量が異なる場合がある。そのような場合には、針糸１４ａと下糸１４ｂの走行量の比の逆数に応じた数値を第１パルスと第２パルスに乗算する。例えば、針糸１４ａの走行量が２であり、下糸１４ｂの走行量が１である場合、第１パルスに１／２を乗算し、第２パルスに１を乗算する。正常に糸条１４ａ，１４ｂが消費されている場合に、第１パルスと第２パルスの数が一致するように重み付けをおこなう。   The traveling amount of the needle thread 14a and the lower thread 14b may be different while the sewing needle is reciprocated one up and down. In such a case, the first pulse and the second pulse are multiplied by a numerical value corresponding to the reciprocal of the traveling amount ratio of the needle thread 14a and the lower thread 14b. For example, when the travel amount of the needle thread 14a is 2 and the travel amount of the lower thread 14b is 1, the first pulse is multiplied by 1/2 and the second pulse is multiplied by 1. When the yarns 14a and 14b are normally consumed, weighting is performed so that the numbers of the first pulse and the second pulse match.

同一のタイミングで第１パルスと第２パルスを合計する以外に、異なるタイミングの第１パルスと第２パルスを合計しても良い。第３パルスが１タイミング異なる時に、第１パルスと第２パルスを合計する。例えば、図６の時間Ｔ２の第１パルスと時間Ｔ３の第２パルスを加算する方法や、時間Ｔ２の第２パルスと時間Ｔ３の第１パルスを加算する方法がある。同一タイミングと異なるタイミングの第１パルスと第２パルスが合計されることによって、パルスの計数精度を高める。   In addition to summing the first pulse and the second pulse at the same timing, the first pulse and the second pulse at different timings may be summed. When the third pulse differs by one timing, the first pulse and the second pulse are summed. For example, there is a method of adding the first pulse at time T2 and the second pulse at time T3 in FIG. 6, or a method of adding the second pulse at time T2 and the first pulse at time T3. By summing up the first pulse and the second pulse at the same timing and different timings, the pulse counting accuracy is increased.

以上のように、繊維機械１２の針糸１４ａと下糸１４ｂの両方からパルスを生成し、走行を監視している。生地によって針糸１４ａの目飛びと下糸１４ｂの目飛びの発生のしやすさが異なり、どのような生地を縫製しても目飛びを監視することができる。   As described above, pulses are generated from both the needle thread 14a and the lower thread 14b of the textile machine 12, and the running is monitored. The ease with which the stitches of the needle thread 14a and the stitches of the lower thread 14b are generated differs depending on the fabric, and the stitch skip can be monitored no matter what fabric is sewn.

以上、本発明の実施形態を上述したが本発明は上記の実施形態に限定されるものではない。図５に示す糸条１４ａ，１４ｂは、ある一定の範囲の大きさの微細凹凸３２を有するが、実際の糸条１４ａ，１４ｂは必ずある一定の範囲の大きさの微細凹凸３２ができるとは限らない。そこで、上述した距離ｄ２，ｄ３は、糸条１４ａ，１４ｂの表面にある複数の微細凹凸３２の凹から凹までの距離の平均値、凸から凸までの距離の平均値、またはその両方の距離の平均値を含むようにする。また、平均値を使用せず、複数ある距離ｄ２，ｄ３の中から代表的な値を使用しても良い。   As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described above, this invention is not limited to said embodiment. The yarns 14a and 14b shown in FIG. 5 have fine irregularities 32 with a certain range of sizes, but the actual yarns 14a and 14b always have fine irregularities 32 with a certain range of sizes. Not exclusively. Therefore, the above-mentioned distances d2 and d3 are the average value of the distance from the concave to the concave of the plurality of fine irregularities 32 on the surface of the yarn 14a and 14b, the average value of the distance from the convex to the convex, or both distances. To include the average value of. Further, a representative value may be used from a plurality of distances d2 and d3 without using the average value.

複数の長繊維１５がより合わさった糸条１４ａ，１４ｂを使用して説明したが、毛羽が無く表面に凹凸がある単線であっても良い。   Although the description has been made using the yarns 14a and 14b in which the plurality of long fibers 15 are more combined, a single wire having no fluff and unevenness on the surface may be used.

針糸１４ａおよび下糸１４ｂの本数が増えれば、全ての糸条に対してセンサーを備えるようにし、信号処理回路２６でパルスを生成して、全てのパルスを合計するようにしても良い。針糸１４ａおよび下糸１４ｂの本数に関係なく本発明を適用することができる。   If the number of needle yarns 14a and lower yarns 14b increases, sensors may be provided for all yarns, pulses may be generated by the signal processing circuit 26, and all pulses may be summed. The present invention can be applied regardless of the number of needle threads 14a and lower threads 14b.

また、両方の糸条１４ａ，１４ｂから生成されたパルスを加算して使用したが、それに加えて各糸条１４ａ，１４ｂのパルスに対しても閾値と比較をおこない、目飛びの判定をおこなっても良い。目飛びの検出精度を高めることができる。   In addition, the pulses generated from both the yarns 14a and 14b are added and used. In addition, the pulses of the yarns 14a and 14b are also compared with the threshold value to determine skipping. Also good. The detection accuracy of skipping can be increased.

信号処理回路２６は、オペアンプなどの回路素子だけではなく、必要に応じてソフトウェアを含めた回路であっても良い。糸条１４ａ，１４ｂを走行させる機構の動作に応じて電気信号を発するのであれば、近接スイッチ３４以外の非接触センサを使用しても良い。   The signal processing circuit 26 may be not only a circuit element such as an operational amplifier but also a circuit including software as necessary. A non-contact sensor other than the proximity switch 34 may be used as long as an electrical signal is generated in accordance with the operation of the mechanism for running the yarns 14a and 14b.

針糸１４ａと下糸１４ｂを使用するミシンを例に説明したが、本発明は、２系統の糸条１４ａ，１４ｂが絡み合いながら縫製をおこなう繊維機械１２に適用することができる。   Although the sewing machine using the needle thread 14a and the lower thread 14b has been described as an example, the present invention can be applied to the textile machine 12 that performs sewing while the two yarns 14a and 14b are intertwined.

その他、本発明は、その主旨を逸脱しない範囲で当業者の知識に基づき種々の改良、修正、変更を加えた態様で実施できるものである。   In addition, the present invention can be carried out in a mode in which various improvements, modifications, and changes are added based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

糸条の走行監視装置の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the traveling monitoring apparatus of a yarn. センサーの構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of a sensor. 受光素子が同じピッチで並んでいる様子を示す図である。It is a figure which shows a mode that a light receiving element is located in a line with the same pitch. 差動型空間フィルタ素子の等価回路である。It is an equivalent circuit of a differential type spatial filter element. 毛羽のない糸条の拡大図である。It is an enlarged view of a yarn without fluff. 信号処理回路でのパルスを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the pulse in a signal processing circuit.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０：糸条の走行監視装置
１２：繊維機械
１４ａ：針糸（糸条）
１４ｂ：下糸（糸条）
１６ａ：第１センサー
１６ｂ：第２センサー
１８ａ：第１光源
１８ｂ：第２光源
２０ａ：第１差動型空間フィルタ素子
２０ｂ：第２差動型空間フィルタ素子
２２ｍ，２２ｎ，２２ｐ，２２ｑ：受光素子
２４ａ：第１差動増幅回路
２４ａ：第２差動増幅回路
２６：信号処理回路
２８：アンプ回路
３０：制御回路
３２：微細凹凸
３４：近接スイッチ 10: Yarn traveling monitoring device 12: Textile machine 14a: Needle thread (yarn)
14b: Lower thread (yarn)
16a: first sensor 16b: second sensor 18a: first light source 18b: second light source 20a: first differential spatial filter element 20b: second differential spatial filter elements 22m, 22n, 22p, 22q: light receiving elements 24a: first differential amplifier circuit 24a: second differential amplifier circuit 26: signal processing circuit 28: amplifier circuit 30: control circuit 32: fine unevenness 34: proximity switch

Claims (6)

針糸と下糸を使用して縫製をおこなう繊維機械における糸条の走行監視装置であって、
針糸に光を照射する第１光源と、
前記針糸に対して第１光源とは反対方向に配置され、２系列の受光素子が針糸の走行方向に同じピッチで交互に並べられ、光が照射された針糸の影の変化に応じた第１光電流を出力する第１差動型空間フィルタ素子と、
下糸に光を照射する第２光源と、
前記下糸に対して第２光源とは反対方向に配置され、２系列の受光素子が下糸の走行方向に同じピッチで交互に並べられ、光が照射された下糸の影の変化に応じた第２光電流を出力する第２差動型空間フィルタ素子と、
前記第１光電流と第２光電流をそれぞれの値に対応した第１パルスと第２パルスに変換する手段と、
前記第１パルスと第２パルスの数を計数する手段と、
前記第１パルスと第２パルスの合計数によって針糸と下糸の走行異常を判断する手段と、
を含む走行監視装置。 A yarn traveling monitoring device in a textile machine that performs sewing using a needle thread and a bobbin thread,
A first light source for irradiating the needle thread with light;
According to the change in the shadow of the needle thread irradiated with light, the light receiving elements of the two series are alternately arranged at the same pitch in the traveling direction of the needle thread with respect to the needle thread. A first differential spatial filter element that outputs a first photocurrent;
A second light source that irradiates the lower thread with light;
It is arranged in a direction opposite to the second light source with respect to the lower thread, and two series of light receiving elements are alternately arranged at the same pitch in the traveling direction of the lower thread, in response to a change in the shadow of the lower thread irradiated with light. A second differential spatial filter element that outputs a second photocurrent;
Means for converting the first photocurrent and the second photocurrent into first and second pulses corresponding to respective values;
Means for counting the number of the first and second pulses;
Means for determining a running abnormality of the needle thread and the lower thread based on the total number of the first pulse and the second pulse;
A travel monitoring device including: 前記第１パルスと第２パルスの数を計数する手段が、ミシン針が上下に１往復する間に針糸と下糸が走行する走行量の比の逆数の比に応じた数値を第１パルスと第２パルスに乗算する請求項１の走行監視装置。 The means for counting the number of the first pulse and the second pulse has a value corresponding to a reciprocal ratio of a traveling amount ratio of the needle thread and the lower thread while the sewing needle is reciprocated one up and down. And the second pulse is multiplied by the travel monitoring device according to claim 1 . 前記針糸と下糸の走行異常を判断する手段が、同じタイミングでの第１パルスと第２パルスの合計数を使用して、針糸と下糸の走行異常を判断する請求項１または２の走行監視装置。 Means for determining a running abnormality of the needle thread and bobbin thread, using a total number of the first pulse and the second pulse at the same timing, claim determines the running abnormality of the needle and bobbin threads 1 or 2 Travel monitoring device. 前記針糸と下糸の走行異常を判断する手段が、タイミングの異なる第１パルスと第２パルスの合計数を使用して、針糸と下糸の走行異常を判断する請求項１乃至３の走行監視装置。 Means for determining a running abnormality of the needle thread and bobbin thread, using the total number of different first and second pulses of the timing, determines the running abnormality of the needle and bobbin threads of claims 1 to 3 Travel monitoring device. 前記繊維機械に設けられた針糸と下糸を走行させるための手段の動作に応じて第３パルスを発する手段と、
前記第１パルス、第２パルス、および第３パルスのタイミングを比較し、針糸と下糸を走行させる手段の動作に応じて針糸と下糸の走行異常を判定する手段と、
を含む請求項１乃至４のいずれかの走行監視装置。 Means for emitting a third pulse in response to the operation of the means for running the needle thread and lower thread provided in the textile machine;
Means for comparing the timings of the first pulse, the second pulse, and the third pulse, and determining a running abnormality of the needle thread and the lower thread according to the operation of the means for running the needle thread and the lower thread;
The travel monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , further comprising: 前記針糸と下糸がフィラメント糸であり、前記第１差動型空間フィルタの前記ピッチが針糸の表面にある凹凸の凹から凹までの距離または凸から凸までの距離とほぼ同じであり、前記第２差動型空間フィルタの前記ピッチが下糸の表面にある凹凸の凹から凹までの距離または凸から凸までの距離とほぼ同じである請求項１乃至５のいずれかの走行監視装置。 The needle yarn and the lower yarn are filament yarns, and the pitch of the first differential spatial filter is substantially the same as the distance from concave to convex or the distance from convex to convex on the surface of the needle thread. The travel monitoring according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the pitch of the second differential type spatial filter is substantially the same as a distance from a concave to a concave or a distance from a convex to a convex on a surface of a lower thread. apparatus.
JP2008286536A 2008-11-07 2008-11-07 Yarn running monitoring device Expired - Fee Related JP5357516B2 (en)

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