JP5311547B2 - 戻り電極モニタリングのためのシステムおよび方法 - Google Patents
戻り電極モニタリングのためのシステムおよび方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
(項目1)組織損傷の確率を決定するシステムであって:
患者に接着され、そして電気外科用電流を発生する形態の電気外科用発電機に連結されるよう適合された複数の戻り電極;
該複数の戻り電極の各々と直列に接続される電流モニターおよびスイッチ構成要素であって、該電流モニターがそれを通る電気外科用電流を測定するような形態である、電流モニターおよびスイッチ構成要素;および
該電流モニターおよびスイッチ構成要素の各々に連結されるプロセッサーであって、該複数の戻り電極間の電流負荷のバランスを決定するような形態であり、かつ該スイッチ構成要素の各々を制御するような形態であり、該戻り電極の各々を通過する電流を調節し、該電流負荷のバランスをとるプロセッサー、を備える、システム。
(項目2)上記プロセッサーがさらに、上記複数の戻り電極の各々を通過する電流を、平均電流と比較することにより、上記電流負荷のバランスを決定するような形態である、項目1に記載のシステム。
(項目3)上記スイッチ構成要素が、パルス幅変調制御信号を経由して作動されるような形態である、項目1〜2のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
(項目4)上記スイッチ構成要素が、上記戻り電極のインピーダンスを増加することにより上記電流を調整するような形態である、項目1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
(項目5)上記スイッチ構成要素が、リレー、レジスターネットワーク、可変キャパシターおよび変圧器結合負荷からなる群から選択される、項目1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
(項目6)上記スイッチ構成要素が、少なくとも1つの戻り電極の回路を開くことによって、上記電流を調節する、項目1〜5のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
(項目7)上記少なくとも1つの戻り電極の回路が、少なくともタイムオフ期間の間開かれる、項目6に記載のシステム。
(項目8)上記プロセッサーが、上記電流モニターによって測定される電気外科用電流の関数として上記タイムオフ期間を算出するような形態である、項目7に記載のシステム。
(項目9)上記複数の戻り電極の各々に連結されるインピーダンスセンサーをさらに備える、項目1〜8のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
(項目10)上記スイッチ構成要素が、リレーおよびトランジスターからなる群から選択される、項目1〜9のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
(項目11)組織損傷の確率を決定する方法であって:
患者に接着され、そして電気外科用電流を発生するような形態である電気外科用発電機に連結するよう適合された複数の戻り電極を提供する工程であって、ここで、電流モニターおよびスイッチ構成要素が該複数の戻り電極の各々と直列に接続されている、工程;
該複数の戻り電極の各々を通過する電気外科用電流を測定する工程;
該複数の戻り電極間の電流負荷のバランスを決定する工程;および
該電流負荷のバランスをとるために該戻り電極の各々を通過する電流を調節するように該スイッチ構成要素の各々を制御する工程、を包含する、方法。
(項目12)上記電流負荷のバランスを決定する工程が、上記複数の戻り電極の各々を通過する電流を比較する工程をさらに含む、項目11に記載の方法。
(項目13)上記提供する工程のスイッチ構成要素が、パルス幅変調制御信号を経由して作動するような形態である、項目11に記載の方法。
(項目14)上記スイッチ構成要素の各々を制御する工程が、上記戻り電極のインピーダンスを増加することにより上記電流を調節する工程をさらに含む、項目11に記載の方法。
(項目15)上記提供する工程のスイッチ構成要素が、レジスターネットワーク、可変キャパシター、および変圧器結合負荷からなる群から選択される、項目14に記載の方法。
(項目16)上記提供する工程のスイッチ構成要素が、リレーおよびトランジスターからなる群から選択される、項目11に記載の方法。
(項目17)上記スイッチ構成要素の各々を制御する工程が、少なくとも1つの戻り電極の回路を開く工程をさらに含む、項目11に記載の方法。
(項目18)上記提供する工程の複数の戻り電極の各々が、インピーダンスセンサーに連結される、項目11に記載の方法。
組織損傷の確率を決定するシステムが開示される。このシステムは、患者に接着され、そして電気外科用電流を発生する形態の電気外科用発電機に連結されるよう適合された複数の戻り電極を含む。このシステムはまた、これら複数の戻り電極の各々と直列に接続される電流モニターおよびスイッチ構成要素を含む。この電流モニターは、それを通る電気外科用電流を測定するような形態である。このシステムはさらに、上記電流モニターおよびスイッチ構成要素の各々に連結されたプロセッサーを含む。このプロセッサーは、上記複数の戻り電極間の電流負荷のバランスを決定するような形態であり、かつ上記スイッチ構成要素の各々を制御するような形態であり、上記戻り電極の各々を通過する電流を調節し、上記電流負荷のバランスをとる。
(1)ITH=ITOTAL/n+TOLERANCE
式(1)において、ITOTALは、ステップ118で算出された値であり、nは戻り電極の数であり、そしてTOLERANCE(許容範囲)は、任意の特定の戻り電極についての、平均の戻り電極電流値を超える電流を表す所定の値である。TOLERANCEは、約0mA〜約100mAであり得る。さらに、許容範囲はまた、約0%〜約25%の平均電流値に対するパーセンテージであり得る。
(2) Toff=(Toffmax−Toffmin)/(ITOTAL−ITH)2*Ihigh 2
式(2)において、Toffmaxは、最大オフ時間の期間であり、これは、特定の戻り電極が接続されていない可能性がある時間の最も長い可能な持続時間である。Toffminは、その間に特定の戻り電極が接続されていない可能性がある時間の最小の許される時間の期間である。これらToffmaxおよびToffmin値は、自動的にか、または手動によるかのいずれかで、手順の開始の前に事前設定される。上記「オフ」時間の期間はまた、各個々の戻り電極について調節され得る。
(3) 加熱因子=IMx 2tonx
ここで、IMx 2は、戻り電極を通過するミリアンペアの電流の2乗に等しく、例えば、Im14は、戻り電極14を通過する電流であり、そしてtonxは、電流が戻り電極を通過している時間であり、例えば、ton14は、戻り電極14についてのオン時間である。この(Im14)は、以下により詳細に論議されるように、対応する電流モニター43から得られる。
(4) 加熱因子=Kh14IMx 2tonx
この式から明らかなように、戻り電極14の表面接触面積が減少する場合、(Kh14)は1より大きいので、この加熱因子は増加する。表面積が減少するとき、上記で説明されるように、電流密度は増加し、そして所定の出力電流に対する加熱の量もまた増加する。定数Kの値の範囲は、実験データから決定され得、そして測定されたインピーダンス値を用いてアクセスされ得る、データベース、チャートなどとして記憶され得ることが認識されるべきである。
冷却因子=Kcxtoffx
ここで、(Kc14)は、患者に依存する戻り電極14に対する冷却定数であり、そして(toff14)は、電流が戻り電極14を通過しない時間(秒)である。
10 発電機
11 能動電極
12 ケーブル
14、15、16 戻り電極
22 電源
24 RFステージ
25 コントローラー
26 マイクロプロセッサー
27 アラーム
28 出力電流センサー
30 電流「オン」時間計算機
32 電流「オフ」時間計算機
34 コンパレータ
41、42、51、52、61、62 分割パッド
43、53、63 電流モニター
Claims (6)
- 組織損傷の確率を最小にするシステム(1)であって、該システムは、
患者に接着され、そして電気外科用電流を発生するように構成される電気外科用発電機(10)に連結されるように適合された複数の戻り電極(14、15、16)と、
該複数の戻り電極の各々と直列に接続される電流モニター(43、53、63)およびスイッチ構成要素(44、54、64)であって、該電流モニターは、該電流モニターを通る電気外科用電流を測定するように構成される、電流モニター(43、53、63)およびスイッチ構成要素(44、54、64)と、
該電流モニターおよび該スイッチ構成要素の各々に連結されるプロセッサー(26)であって、該複数の戻り電極間の電流負荷のバランスを決定するように構成され、かつ該スイッチ構成要素の各々を制御して、該戻り電極の各々を通過する電流を調節し、該電流負荷のバランスをとるように構成されるプロセッサー(26)と
を備え、
該プロセッサーは、該戻り電極に対するモニターされたすべての電流値を比較して、最も高い戻り電極電流値I high を決定するように構成され、該プロセッサーは、該複数の戻り電極の各々を通過する最も高い戻り電極電流値I high を電流閾値I TH と比較することによって該電流負荷のバランスを決定するようにさらに構成され、該電流閾値I TH は、式
I TH =I TOTAL /n+TOLERANCE(許容範囲)
に基づいて該プロセッサーによって計算され、
該プロセッサーは、該戻り電極の各々に対してモニターされた電流値の合計によってI TOTAL を計算するように構成され、nは、戻り電極の数であり、TOLERANCE(許容範囲)は、事前決定された電流値であり、
該スイッチ構成要素は、少なくとも1つの戻り電極の回路を開くことによって、該電流を調整するように構成され、
該少なくとも1つの戻り電極の回路は、少なくともタイムオフ期間の間開かれるように構成され、
該プロセッサーは、該電流モニターによって測定される該電気外科用電流の関数として、タイムオフ期間を計算するように構成され、
該タイムオフ期間T off は、式
T off =(T offmax −T offmin )/(I TOTAL −I TH ) 2 ×I high 2
に基づいて該プロセッサーによって計算され、
T offmax は、タイムオフ期間の最大値であり、特定の戻り電極が接続されていない可能性がある時間の最も長い可能な持続時間であり、T offmin は、特定の戻り電極が接続されていない可能性がある時間の最小の許される時間の期間であり、該T offmax 値および該T offmin 値は、自動的にか、または手動によるかのいずれかで、電気外科的手順の開始の前に事前設定される、システム。 - 前記スイッチ構成要素が、パルス幅変調制御信号を経由して作動されるように構成される、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記スイッチ構成要素が、前記戻り電極のインピーダンスを増加することにより前記電流を調整するように構成される、請求項1〜2のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
- 前記スイッチ構成要素が、リレー、レジスターネットワーク、可変キャパシターおよび変圧器結合負荷からなる群から選択される、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
- 前記複数の戻り電極の各々に連結されるインピーダンスセンサーをさらに備える、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
- 前記スイッチ構成要素が、リレーおよびトランジスターからなる群から選択される、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
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US11/888,418 US8801703B2 (en) | 2007-08-01 | 2007-08-01 | System and method for return electrode monitoring |
US11/888,418 | 2007-08-01 |
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EP (2) | EP2022427B1 (ja) |
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AU2002303942B2 (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2006-06-22 | Covidien Ag | Return pad cable connector |
US6860881B2 (en) * | 2002-09-25 | 2005-03-01 | Sherwood Services Ag | Multiple RF return pad contact detection system |
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-
2007
- 2007-08-01 US US11/888,418 patent/US8801703B2/en active Active
-
2008
- 2008-07-29 CA CA002638364A patent/CA2638364A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-07-29 AU AU2008203379A patent/AU2008203379B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2008-07-30 JP JP2008197033A patent/JP5311547B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-07-31 EP EP08013758.1A patent/EP2022427B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-07-31 EP EP11179857.5A patent/EP2399535B1/en active Active
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EP2022427A1 (en) | 2009-02-11 |
CA2638364A1 (en) | 2009-02-01 |
EP2399535B1 (en) | 2019-07-03 |
US9539051B2 (en) | 2017-01-10 |
US20090036884A1 (en) | 2009-02-05 |
US8801703B2 (en) | 2014-08-12 |
EP2022427B1 (en) | 2013-05-22 |
US20140350546A1 (en) | 2014-11-27 |
JP2009034512A (ja) | 2009-02-19 |
AU2008203379B2 (en) | 2013-09-05 |
AU2008203379A1 (en) | 2009-02-19 |
EP2399535A1 (en) | 2011-12-28 |
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