JP5309273B1 - クリヤー塗料組成物及びそれを用いた複層塗膜の形成方法 - Google Patents
クリヤー塗料組成物及びそれを用いた複層塗膜の形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5309273B1 JP5309273B1 JP2013514883A JP2013514883A JP5309273B1 JP 5309273 B1 JP5309273 B1 JP 5309273B1 JP 2013514883 A JP2013514883 A JP 2013514883A JP 2013514883 A JP2013514883 A JP 2013514883A JP 5309273 B1 JP5309273 B1 JP 5309273B1
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- coating composition
- acrylic resin
- clear coating
- hydroxyl group
- polycarbonate diol
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- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010137 moulding (plastic) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- UCUUFSAXZMGPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N penta-1,4-dien-3-one Chemical compound C=CC(=O)C=C UCUUFSAXZMGPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229960000380 propiolactone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,6-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=C(N=C=O)C=CC=C1N=C=O RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
しかしながら、この塗料組成物において、ラクトン変性モノマー含有量の増加に伴い、耐擦り傷性は向上するが、耐酸性が低下するため、耐傷性および耐酸性を両立させることは困難であった。
しかしながら、上記した特許文献2および3の塗料組成物をクリヤー塗料組成物として用いて複層塗膜を形成した場合、複層塗膜の色が、クリヤー塗膜を形成しなかった場合と比較して、著しく黄変する、という問題があった。
上記水酸基含有アクリル樹脂が、ポリカーボネートジオール残基を有するエチレン性不飽和モノマー(A)および水酸基含有(メタ)アクリル酸エステル(B)を共重合成分として含む共重合体であることを特徴とするクリヤー塗料組成物を提供する。
被塗装物に、ベース塗料組成物を塗装して未硬化ベース塗膜を形成する工程、
上記未硬化ベース塗膜の上に本発明のクリヤー塗料組成物を塗布して、未硬化クリヤー塗膜を形成する工程、および
上記未硬化ベース塗膜および未硬化クリヤー塗膜を同時に加熱する工程
を含む、トップコートを有する複層塗膜を形成する方法が提供される。
なお、本明細書に記載の数平均分子量及び重量平均分子量はゲル・パーミエーション・クロマトグラフィー(GPC)にて測定し、ポリスチレン換算により決定する。
なお、水酸基含有アクリル樹脂を構成する共重合成分である、ポリカーボネートジオール残基を有するエチレン性不飽和モノマー(A)、水酸基含有(メタ)アクリル酸エステル(B)および、所望により含まれるその他のエチレン性不飽和モノマー(C)のいずれにも、酸基または水酸基が含まれ得る。
ポリカーボネートジオール残基の量が上記下限未満の場合は、得られる硬化膜の耐傷性が低下する傾向にあり、他方、上記上限を超える場合は、得られる硬化膜の耐酸性が低下する傾向にある。得られる硬化膜の膜物性の点から、上記範囲が12〜35質量%であることが好ましく、14〜31質量%であることがさらに好ましい。
E'=3nRT (n:架橋密度、R:気体定数、T:絶対温度)。
撹拌羽根、温度計、冷却管およびエアー導入管を備えた2Lのガラス容器に、無水マレイン酸108.2gおよびプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート666gを入れ、エアー雰囲気下60℃に加熱し、無水マレイン酸を溶解させた。その後、ポリカーボネートジオール(旭化成ケミカルズ社製 デュラノールT−5650J;前記一般式(I)においてx=5、y=6、z=7;数平均分子量=800、OH価=130〜150mgKOH/g、酸価=0.5mgKOH/g以下、不揮発分=100%)891.8gおよびメトキノン5.0gを加え、エアー雰囲気下110℃に加熱し、3時間保持した。フーリエ変換赤外分光光度計(日本分光社製 FT/IR−4100)にて、酸無水物の吸収(1785cm−1)が消失していることを確認し、不揮発分60.1%のマレイン酸モノ(ポリカーボネート)エステルマクロマーAを得た。
撹拌羽根、温度計、冷却管および窒素導入管を備えた2Lのガラス容器に、ヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸161.7gおよびプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート666gを入れ、60℃に加熱し、ヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸を溶解させた。その後、ポリカーボネートジオール(旭化成ケミカルズ社製 デュラノールT−5650J;数平均分子量=800、OH価=130〜150mgKOH/g、酸価=0.5mgKOH/g以下、不揮発分=100%)840.0gを加え、窒素雰囲気下110℃に加熱し、3時間保持した。フーリエ変換赤外分光光度計(日本分光社製 FT/IR−4100)にて、酸無水物の吸収(1785cm−1)が消失していることを確認し、不揮発分60.1%のヘキサヒドロフタル酸モノ(ポリカーボネート)エステルマクロマーBを得た。
撹拌羽根、窒素導入菅、冷却コンデンサーおよび滴下ロートを備えた2Lのガラス容器に、酢酸ブチル200.25gおよびプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート189.18gを入れ、窒素雰囲気下120℃に加熱した。その容器に、滴下ロートを用いて、酢酸ブチル54.0g、tert−ブチルパーオキシ2−エチルヘキサノエート112.5g、合成例1で得たマレイン酸モノ(ポリカーボネート)エステルマクロマーA 252.60g、スチレン180g、2−エチルヘキシルアクリレート110.16g、2−エチルヘキシルメタクリレート187.92gおよび2−ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート270.36gからなる開始剤およびモノマー混合液を3時間かけて等速で滴下した。その後、120℃にて0.5時間保持し、36.0gの酢酸ブチルに溶解したtert−ブチルパーオキシ2−エチルヘキサノエート4.5gからなる開始剤混合液を0.5時間かけて等速で滴下した。さらに120℃にて1時間加熱を続けて、目的の水酸基含有アクリル樹脂aを得た。
表1に示すモノマー成分、溶媒及び重合開始剤を用い、それらの配合量を表1に示すようにした以外は合成例1と同様にして、水酸基含有アクリル樹脂b〜e−1をそれぞれ合成した。なお、プラクセルFM−2としては2−ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレートとε−カプロラクトンの1:2付加物(ダイセル工業社製)を用いた。
撹拌羽根、温度計、冷却管およびエアー導入管を備えた2Lのガラス容器に、合成例2で得られたヘキサヒドロフタル酸モノ(ポリカーボネート)エステルマクロマーB 326.15gおよび合成例7で得られた水酸基含有アクリル樹脂e−1 1467.50gを加え、窒素雰囲気下150℃に加熱し、4時間保持した。不揮発分60.1%のポリカーボネートジオール変性アクリル樹脂e−2を得た。
表2に示した配合に従い、各成分を混合し、ディスパーで攪拌することによって実施例1〜2及び比較例1〜6のクリヤー塗料組成物を得た。上記クリヤー塗料組成物を、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート/3−エトキシプロピオン酸エチル=1/2(質量比)からなるシンナーによってNo.4フォードカップで25秒/20℃となるようにそれぞれ希釈した。
実施例1〜2及び比較例1〜6のクリヤー塗料組成物を用いて得られた複層塗膜について、以下の評価方法によって耐擦り傷性の評価を行った。
まず、実際の洗車機を模して作製したミニ洗車機の台上に、試験用ダスト(7種類混合、粒度27〜31μm)15g及び水100gからなる試験用ダスト組成物を拡げた後、水を流さずにミニ洗車機を回転(45rpm)、一往復させて、洗車機ブラシにダストを付着させた。その後、台上に試験板(70mm×150mm)を固定し、水を流さずにミニ洗車機を回転(96rpm)させて3往復させた。試験後、水洗及び乾燥を行った後、塗板の20°光沢をデジタル変角光沢計UGV−6P(スガ試験器株式会社製)で測定し、試験前の20°光沢に対する割合である光沢保持率(%)を算出した。得られた結果を表2に示す。
実施例1〜2及び比較例1〜6のクリヤー塗料組成物を用いて得られた複層塗膜について、以下の評価方法によって塗膜外観の評価を行った。
得られた試験板と、クリヤー塗料を塗布していないベース単膜との塗膜外観の違いを目視評価した。得られた結果を表2に示す。
5:ベース単膜との光輝性に関する色の違いがほとんど認められないもの
3:ベース単膜との光輝性に関する色の違いが認められるもの
1:ベース単膜との光輝性に関する色の違いが著しいもの
実施例1〜2及び比較例1〜6のクリヤー塗料組成物を用いて得られた複層塗膜について、以下の評価方法によって40%硫酸水溶液による耐酸性の評価を行った。
まず、イオン交換水および試薬特級の硫酸により40%硫酸水溶液を作製した。次に、上記硫酸水溶液を、実施例1〜2及び比較例1〜6のクリヤー塗料組成物を用いて得られた複層塗膜上に0.5mlずつ滴下し、加熱オーブン中に80℃で30分保持した後、水洗した。その後、複層塗膜上のスポット跡を目視観察し、以下の基準に基づいて評価した。得られた結果を表2に示す。
5:膨潤及び縮みがほとんど認められないもの
3:シミが認められるもの 膨潤及び縮みが認められるが、塗膜のハガレは認められないもの
1:シミ、白化、フクレが著しいもの 塗膜がハガレているもの
電着塗膜、中塗り塗膜およびL値が84、a値が−1.1及びb値が1.4の白色上塗りソリッド塗膜を順次形成した150mm×75mm×0.8mmの鋼板の半分の面をアルミホイルでマスクして、クリヤー塗料組成物を乾燥膜厚が40μmとなるように塗装した後、マスクを剥離して160℃で60分間加熱硬化させ、1枚の鋼板のうち半分は白色上塗りソリッド塗膜のまま、もう半分がクリヤー塗膜を形成した試験板を作成した。
得られた試験板の白色上塗りソリッド塗膜の部分とクリヤー塗膜の部分とのb値を、SMカラーコンピューター型式SM−T45(スガ試験機社製)で測定し、色差(Δb値 : クリヤー塗膜部分のb値−白色上塗りソリッド塗膜部分のb値)を求めた。得られた結果を表2に示す。
Claims (8)
- 前記ポリイソシアネート化合物は、少なくとも一部がイソシアヌレート型イソシアネート化合物である請求項1に記載のクリヤー塗料組成物。
- 前記水酸基含有アクリル樹脂とポリイソシアネート化合物との配合割合が、前記水酸基含有アクリル樹脂中の水酸基の数1に対して、ポリイソシアネート化合物中のイソシアネート基が0.5〜1.5の範囲内になるような割合である請求項1または2に記載のクリヤー塗料組成物。
- 前記水酸基含有アクリル樹脂を構成する共重合体成分の総量に対して、ポリカーボネートジオール残基の量が10〜40質量%であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のうちのいずれか1つに記載のクリヤー塗料組成物。
- 前記酸無水物基含有エチレン性不飽和モノマー(a1)は、無水イタコン酸、無水マレイン酸および無水シトラコン酸からなる群より選択される少なくとも一種であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のうちのいずれか1つに記載のクリヤー塗料組成物。
- 前記水酸基含有アクリル樹脂は、酸価1〜25mgKOH/g、水酸基価80〜200mgKOH/gおよび数平均分子量1,000〜10,000を有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のうちのいずれか1つに記載のクリヤー塗料組成物。
- 被塗装物に対してトップコートを有する複層塗膜を形成する方法であって、請求項1〜6のうちのいずれか1つに記載のクリヤー塗料組成物を塗布してトップコートを形成する工程を含む、複層塗膜形成方法。
- 被塗装物に対して複層塗膜を形成する方法であって、
被塗装物に、ベース塗料組成物を塗装して未硬化ベース塗膜を形成する工程、
前記未硬化ベース塗膜の上に、請求項1〜6のうちのいずれか1つに記載のクリヤー塗料組成物を塗布して、未硬化クリヤー塗膜を形成する工程、および
前記未硬化ベース塗膜および未硬化クリヤー塗膜を同時に加熱する工程
を含む、トップコートを有する複層塗膜を形成する方法。
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