JP5266821B2 - End mill - Google Patents

End mill Download PDF

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JP5266821B2
JP5266821B2 JP2008072507A JP2008072507A JP5266821B2 JP 5266821 B2 JP5266821 B2 JP 5266821B2 JP 2008072507 A JP2008072507 A JP 2008072507A JP 2008072507 A JP2008072507 A JP 2008072507A JP 5266821 B2 JP5266821 B2 JP 5266821B2
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outer peripheral
angle
end mill
bottom blade
tip
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JP2009226509A (en
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元基 松本
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Mitsubishi Materials Corp
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Mitsubishi Materials Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To relatively easily provide an end mill can prevent the deterioration of the accuracy of a workpiece surface while securing the strength of end cutting edges in the end mill formed with flexural portions at the periphery side of chamfering parts formed along the end cutting edges. <P>SOLUTION: A wall-face tip side facing an end mill rotating direction, of each of tip discharge grooves that are formed at the tip-part periphery of the end mill body is formed with a chamfering part whose axial rake angle is getting larger toward a negative angle than a torsional angle of a peripheral cutting edge, the periphery end of the chamfering part is formed with the flexural portion bent toward the rotating-direction rearward side as its extending toward the periphery side, the chips of the chamfering part and the flexural portion are formed with the end cutting edges, a tip flank 19 consecutively provided from the end mill rotating-direction rearward side of the end cutting edge is provided with a concave angle extending to the axially rear end side as its extending toward the inner circumferential side, and the concave angle &alpha; of the periphery part 19B of the tip flank 19 crossing with the flexural part is formed larger than the concave angle &beta; of the inner circumference part 19A crossing with the chamfering part. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

本発明は、エンドミル本体の先端部外周に螺旋状に捩れる外周刃が、またエンドミル本体の先端には内周側から外周側に延びて上記外周刃の先端に連なる底刃がそれぞれ形成されたエンドミルに関するものである。   In the present invention, an outer peripheral blade that spirally twists is formed on the outer periphery of the end portion of the end mill main body, and a bottom blade that extends from the inner peripheral side to the outer peripheral side and continues to the front end of the outer peripheral blade is formed on the end of the end mill main body. It relates to end mills.

このようなエンドミルとしては、例えば特許文献1に、軸方向すくい角が外周刃の捩れ角よりも負角側に大きくなる面取部が底刃に沿って形成されるとともに、この底刃の外周側では、該底刃の径方向すくい角が外周刃の径方向すくい角と略等しくなるように、この面取部がエンドミル回転方向後方側に曲折させられたエンドミルが開示されている。このようなエンドミルでは、特に外周刃の捩れ角が概ね40°以上の強捩れであっても、底刃の内外周での強度を確保して欠損等の発生を防止することができる。
特開2005−271167号公報
As such an end mill, for example, in Patent Document 1, a chamfered portion whose axial rake angle is larger on the negative angle side than the torsion angle of the outer peripheral blade is formed along the bottom blade. On the side, an end mill is disclosed in which the chamfered portion is bent rearward in the end mill rotation direction so that the radial rake angle of the bottom blade is substantially equal to the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade. In such an end mill, even if the torsion angle of the outer peripheral blade is a strong torsion of approximately 40 ° or more, the strength at the inner and outer periphery of the bottom blade can be ensured to prevent the occurrence of defects or the like.
JP 2005-271167 A

ところで、このようなエンドミルでは、底刃がその全長に亙って被削材に切り込まれることによって切削抵抗の増大を招いたりするのを防ぐため、その外周端から内周側に向かうに従い僅かにエンドミル本体の軸線方向後端側に向かうように底刃を傾斜させて中低角(すかし角)を確保することがあり、この場合には底刃のエンドミル回転方向後方側に連なる先端逃げ面にも、同じく内周側に向かうに従い軸線方向後端側に向かうように中低角が与えられる。   By the way, in such an end mill, in order to prevent an increase in cutting resistance due to the bottom blade being cut into the work material over the entire length, the end mill slightly increases from the outer peripheral end toward the inner peripheral side. The bottom blade may be inclined to the rear end side in the axial direction of the end mill body to ensure a medium and low angle (watermark angle). In this case, the tip clearance connected to the rear end of the bottom blade in the end mill rotation direction may be secured. The surface is also given a medium-low angle so as to go to the rear end side in the axial direction as it goes to the inner peripheral side.

しかしながら、この先端逃げ面は、底刃からエンドミル回転方向後方側に向けても軸線方向後端側に向かうように逃げ角が与えられているので、上記面取部のうち外周側に曲折させられた曲折部では、上記先端逃げ面の中低角、逃げ角、および曲折部の面取部に対する曲折角度の関係によっては、中低角を与えても底刃が外周側の曲折部において外周端よりも内周側がエンドミル本体の軸線方向先端側に突出してしまう事態が生じるおそれがある。   However, since the clearance angle is given to the tip flank so as to go to the rear end side in the axial direction even from the bottom blade toward the rear side in the end mill rotation direction, the tip flank is bent to the outer peripheral side of the chamfered portion. Depending on the relationship between the middle and low angles of the tip flank, the clearance angle, and the bending angle of the bent portion with respect to the chamfered portion, the bottom edge may be at the outer peripheral end of the bent portion on the outer peripheral side even if a medium or low angle is given. In some cases, the inner peripheral side may protrude toward the tip end side in the axial direction of the end mill body.

例えば、図7および図8に示すように、底刃1の面取部2に形成された底刃内周部1Aの径方向すくい角を0°、面取部2外周の曲折部3に形成された底刃外周部1Bの底刃内周部1Aに対するエンドミル本体4の軸線L方向から見た底面視の曲折角度γとして、底刃1の外周端Oからこの底面視に底刃内周部1Aに平行に距離Xだけ内周側にある曲折部3のエンドミル回転方向T後方側の逃げ面4上における点Aは、中低角βとした場合に外周端Oに対してd1=−X・tanβだけ軸線L方向後端側に位置する。一方、この点Aから同底面視において底刃内周部1Aに垂直な方向にある底刃外周部1B上の点Bは、底刃1の逃げ角θとすると点Aに対してd2=X・tanγ・tanθだけ軸線L方向先端側に位置することになる。   For example, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the radial rake angle of the inner peripheral portion 1 </ b> A of the bottom blade formed on the chamfered portion 2 of the bottom blade 1 is 0 °, and the bent portion 3 on the outer periphery of the chamfered portion 2 is formed. The bottom blade inner peripheral portion from the outer peripheral end O of the bottom blade 1 to the bottom view as a bending angle γ as viewed from the bottom of the bottom blade outer peripheral portion 1B of the bottom blade outer peripheral portion 1B viewed from the axis L direction of the end mill body 4 with respect to the bottom blade inner peripheral portion 1A. The point A on the flank 4 on the rear side in the end mill rotation direction T of the bent portion 3 parallel to 1A on the inner peripheral side by a distance X is d1 = −X with respect to the outer peripheral end O when the intermediate and low angle β is set. -It is located on the rear end side in the axis L direction by tanβ. On the other hand, the point B on the outer peripheral portion 1B of the bottom blade in the direction perpendicular to the inner peripheral portion 1A of the bottom blade from the point A is d2 = X with respect to the point A when the clearance angle θ of the bottom blade 1 is assumed. -It will be located in the direction of an axis L direction only by tanγ and tanθ.

従って、底刃1の外周端Oからみた底刃外周部1B上の点Bの軸線L方向の位置は、d=d1+d2=X・(−tanβ+tanγ・tanθ)で与えられることになり、例えば曲折角度γ=20°、逃げ角θ=6°、中低角β=2°とした場合、式(−tanβ+tanγ・tanθ)=0.0033となる。すなわち、底刃外周部1Bは外周端Oから内周側に向かうに従い軸線L方向には先端側に突出することになって、底刃1上ではこの底刃外周部1Bと底刃内周部1Aとの交点が最も軸線L方向先端側に突出することになり、この突出した交点部分により被削材の底刃による加工面にスジ状の傷が形成されて加工面精度を損なうおそれがある。   Accordingly, the position in the axis L direction of the point B on the bottom blade outer peripheral portion 1B viewed from the outer peripheral end O of the bottom blade 1 is given by d = d1 + d2 = X · (−tan β + tan γ · tan θ), for example, the bending angle When γ = 20 °, clearance angle θ = 6 °, and medium and low angle β = 2 °, the equation (−tan β + tan γ · tan θ) is 0.0033. That is, the bottom blade outer peripheral portion 1B protrudes toward the tip end side in the axis L direction from the outer peripheral end O toward the inner peripheral side, and on the bottom blade 1, the bottom blade outer peripheral portion 1B and the bottom blade inner peripheral portion. The intersection with 1A will protrude most to the front end side in the direction of the axis L, and this protruding intersection may form streak-like scratches on the machining surface by the bottom edge of the work material and impair machining surface accuracy. .

しかるに、このような事態を避けるには、曲折角度γを小さくするか、逃げ角θや中低角βを大きくすればよいのであるが、曲折角度γを小さくし過ぎると底刃1の外周端O近傍での強度を確保することができなくなる。その一方で、逃げ角θや中低角βを大きくしようとしても、例えば底刃1の刃数が4刃以上の多刃のエンドミルでは、先端逃げ面4を形成するための研削工具等が隣接する底刃1に、特に先端逃げ面4の内周側で干渉してしまうため容易ではない。   However, in order to avoid such a situation, it is only necessary to decrease the bending angle γ or increase the clearance angle θ or the middle / low angle β. However, if the bending angle γ is excessively decreased, the outer peripheral end of the bottom blade 1 may be used. The strength in the vicinity of O cannot be secured. On the other hand, even when trying to increase the clearance angle θ or the medium / low angle β, for example, in a multi-blade end mill having four or more blades of the bottom blade 1, a grinding tool or the like for forming the tip clearance surface 4 is adjacent. This is not easy because it interferes with the bottom blade 1 that is to be engaged, particularly on the inner peripheral side of the tip flank 4.

本発明は、このような背景の下になされたもので、上述のように底刃に沿って形成した面取部の外周側に曲折部が形成されたエンドミルにおいて、底刃がその外周端から内周側に向かう途中で軸線方向先端側に突出することがなく、加工面精度の劣化を防ぐことが可能なエンドミルを、底刃の強度を確保したまま比較的容易に提供することを目的としている。   The present invention has been made under such a background. In the end mill in which a bent portion is formed on the outer peripheral side of the chamfered portion formed along the bottom blade as described above, the bottom blade is formed from the outer peripheral end thereof. For the purpose of providing an end mill that does not protrude toward the tip end in the axial direction on the way to the inner peripheral side and that can prevent deterioration of the accuracy of the machined surface while maintaining the strength of the bottom blade relatively easily. Yes.

上記課題を解決して、このような目的を達成するために、本発明は、軸線回りに回転されるエンドミル本体の先端部外周に、上記軸線方向後端側に向かうに従い該軸線回りにエンドミル回転方向後方側に捩れる切屑排出溝が形成され、この切屑排出溝のエンドミル回転方向を向く壁面の外周側辺稜部に外周刃が、先端側辺稜部には底刃が形成されたエンドミルにおいて、上記壁面の先端側には、上記外周刃の捩れ角よりも軸方向すくい角が負角側に大きくなる面取部が形成されるとともに、この面取部の外周端部には、外周側に向かうに従いエンドミル回転方向後方側に向けて曲折させられた曲折部が形成されていて、上記底刃はこれら面取部と曲折部の先端に形成される一方、該底刃のエンドミル回転方向後方側に連なる先端逃げ面には、内周側に向かうに従い上記軸線方向後端側に向かうように中低角が与えられていて、この中低角が、上記曲折部に交差する上記先端逃げ面の外周側で、上記面取部に交差する該先端逃げ面の内周側よりも大きくされているとともに、上記先端逃げ面の外周側における中低角α、上記軸線方向先端側から見た上記エンドミル本体の底面視における上記曲折部の上記面取部に対する曲折角度γ、上記底刃の逃げ角θとしたときに、(−tanα+tanγ・tanθ)≦0とされていることを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve such an object, the present invention provides an end mill rotating around the axis toward the rear end side in the axial direction on the outer periphery of the tip end of the end mill body rotated around the axis. In an end mill in which a chip discharge groove that is twisted rearward in the direction is formed, an outer peripheral blade is formed on the outer peripheral side ridge portion of the wall surface facing the end mill rotation direction of the chip discharge groove, and a bottom blade is formed on the front end side ridge portion. In addition, a chamfered portion is formed on the front end side of the wall surface so that the rake angle in the axial direction is larger on the negative angle side than the twist angle of the outer peripheral blade. A bent portion that is bent toward the rear side in the end mill rotation direction is formed as it goes toward the end, and the bottom blade is formed at the chamfered portion and the tip of the bent portion, while the bottom blade is rearward in the end mill rotation direction. On the tip flank that runs to the side, A medium-low angle is given so as to go to the rear end side in the axial direction as it goes to the circumferential side, and this medium-low angle is formed on the chamfered portion on the outer peripheral side of the tip flank crossing the bent portion. It is made larger than the inner peripheral side of the intersecting tip flank, the medium and low angle α on the outer peripheral side of the tip flank, the bent portion in the bottom view of the end mill body viewed from the axial tip side (−tan α + tan γ · tan θ) ≦ 0 when the bending angle γ with respect to the chamfered portion and the clearance angle θ of the bottom blade are set .

従って、このようなエンドミルにおいては、底刃に沿って面取部と、その外周側にエンドミル回転方向後方側に曲折する曲折部とが形成されていても、この曲折部に交差する先端逃げ面の外周側では、面取部に交差する先端逃げ面の内周側よりも中低角が大きくされているので、上述のように曲折部の面取部に対する曲折角度γ=20°、底刃の逃げ角θ=6°、面取部における中低角β=2°のままでも、曲折部における中低角αを例えばα=約2.2°以上とすることにより、式(−tanα+tanγ・tanθ)を負または0とすることができる。   Therefore, in such an end mill, even if a chamfered portion is formed along the bottom edge and a bent portion that is bent to the rear side in the end mill rotation direction is formed on the outer peripheral side thereof, the tip flank that intersects with the bent portion is formed. Since the middle and lower angles are made larger on the outer peripheral side than the inner peripheral side of the tip flank intersecting the chamfered portion, the bending angle γ = 20 ° of the bent portion with respect to the chamfered portion as described above, and the bottom blade Even if the clearance angle θ = 6 ° and the medium / low angle β = 2 ° at the chamfered portion remain unchanged, the equation (−tan α + tan γ · tan θ) can be negative or zero.

このため、上記構成のエンドミルによれば、曲折部に形成される底刃が、その外周端から内周側に向かうに従って先端側に突出するように延びてしまうのを避けることができ、こうして底刃の突端が外周端よりも内周側に位置することによって被削材の加工面にスジ状の傷が残されたりするのを防ぐことができる。その一方で、面取部の外周側に形成される曲折部には面取部に対して必要な曲折角度γを与えることができるので、底刃の外周端近傍での強度を確保することができ、また中低角を大きくするのは先端逃げ面外周側の上記曲折部に交差する部分だけでよいので、この先端逃げ面を形成する際に、特にその内周側で隣接する底刃に研削工具等が干渉するのも避けることができる。   For this reason, according to the end mill having the above-described configuration, the bottom blade formed in the bent portion can be prevented from extending so as to protrude toward the distal end side from the outer peripheral end toward the inner peripheral side. It is possible to prevent streak-like scratches from being left on the processing surface of the work material by the protrusion tip of the blade being positioned on the inner peripheral side of the outer peripheral end. On the other hand, the bent portion formed on the outer peripheral side of the chamfered portion can be given a necessary bending angle γ with respect to the chamfered portion, so that the strength in the vicinity of the outer peripheral end of the bottom blade can be ensured. It is possible to enlarge the middle and low angle only at the portion intersecting the bent portion on the outer peripheral side of the tip flank, so when forming this flank, especially on the bottom blade adjacent on the inner peripheral side It is also possible to avoid interference with a grinding tool or the like.

ここで、上述のようなスジ状の傷が残されるのを確実に防ぐには、式(−tanα+tanγ・tanθ)が負となるようにして、上記底刃の上記軸線回りの回転軌跡を該軸線を含む平面に投影したときに、該底刃がその外周端から内周側に向かうに従い漸次上記軸線方向後端側に向かうようにするのが望ましい。また、上述のような研削工具等の底刃への干渉は多刃のエンドミルほど顕著になることから、本発明は、上記エンドミル本体の先端部に4刃以上の上記底刃が形成されている場合に、より効果的である。   Here, in order to reliably prevent the above-described streak-like scratches from being left, the rotation locus of the bottom blade around the axis is set so that the expression (−tan α + tan γ · tan θ) is negative, and the axis line It is desirable that the bottom blade gradually moves toward the rear end side in the axial direction as it goes from the outer peripheral end toward the inner peripheral side when projected onto a plane including Further, since interference with the bottom blade of the grinding tool or the like as described above becomes more prominent with a multi-blade end mill, the present invention has four or more bottom blades formed at the tip of the end mill body. In case it is more effective.

以上説明したように、本発明によれば、底刃の外周側に曲折部を形成することにより、その外周端近傍における耐欠損性を確保することができるとともに、先端逃げ面を形成する際の内周側での研削工具等の干渉を防ぎつつ、この底刃が外周端よりも内周側でエンドミル本体の軸線方向に突出するのを防止して、スジ状の傷等のない良好な加工面を形成することが可能となる。   As described above, according to the present invention, by forming the bent portion on the outer peripheral side of the bottom blade, it is possible to ensure the fracture resistance in the vicinity of the outer peripheral end and to form the tip flank. Good processing without streak-like scratches by preventing the bottom blade from projecting in the axial direction of the end mill body on the inner peripheral side of the outer peripheral end while preventing interference from grinding tools on the inner peripheral side A surface can be formed.

図1ないし図6は、本発明の一実施形態を示すものである。本実施形態において、エンドミル本体11は、超硬合金等の硬質材料により形成されて軸線Lを中心とした概略円柱状をなし、その後端側(図1において右側)が当該エンドミル本体11を工作機械の主軸に装着するためのシャンク部12とされるとともに、先端側(図1において左側)には切刃部13が形成され、上記工作機械によって軸線L回りに図2に符号Tで示すエンドミル回転方向に回転されつつ送り出されることにより、この切刃部13によってワークに切削加工を施してゆく。   1 to 6 show an embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the end mill body 11 is formed of a hard material such as cemented carbide and has a substantially cylindrical shape with the axis L as the center, and the rear end side (the right side in FIG. 1) serves as the machine tool. 2 and a cutting edge portion 13 is formed on the tip side (left side in FIG. 1), and an end mill rotation indicated by T in FIG. The workpiece is cut by the cutting edge portion 13 by being sent out while being rotated in the direction.

この切刃部13の外周には、その先端から後端側に向けて軸線L回りにエンドミル回転方向Tの後方側に捩れる複数条(本実施形態では6条)の切屑排出溝14が、周方向に等間隔に、軸線Lに関して所定角度(本実施形態では60°)ずつ回転対称に形成されている。そして、これらの切屑排出溝14のエンドミル回転方向T側を向く壁面と、そのエンドミル回転方向T後方側に連なる切刃部13の外周逃げ面との交差稜線部、すなわち上記壁面の外周側辺稜部には、切屑排出溝14と同じく後端側に向かうに従い軸線L回りにエンドミル回転方向Tの後方側に捩れる外周刃15が形成されており、その捩れ角δは37°〜60°の強捩れとされている。また、切屑排出溝14の上記壁面はこの外周刃15のすくい面16とされ、その径方向すくい角は負角に設定されている。   On the outer periphery of the cutting edge portion 13, there are a plurality of strip discharge grooves 14 (six strips in the present embodiment) that are twisted to the rear side in the end mill rotation direction T around the axis L from the front end toward the rear end. At an equal interval in the circumferential direction, they are formed rotationally symmetrical by a predetermined angle (60 ° in this embodiment) with respect to the axis L. And the cross ridge line part of the wall surface which faces the end mill rotation direction T side of these chip discharge grooves 14 and the outer periphery flank of the cutting edge part 13 connected to the end mill rotation direction T rear side, that is, the outer peripheral side edge of the wall surface As in the case of the chip discharge groove 14, an outer peripheral blade 15 that twists toward the rear side in the end mill rotation direction T is formed around the axis L, and the twist angle δ is 37 ° to 60 °. It is considered to be a strong twist. Moreover, the said wall surface of the chip | tip discharge groove | channel 14 is made into the rake face 16 of this outer peripheral blade 15, The radial rake angle is set to the negative angle.

一方、この切刃部13の先端部すなわちエンドミル本体11の最先端部においては、各切屑排出溝14の先端側開口部が内周側に削り広げられるようにしてギャッシュ17が形成されており、こうして広げられた切屑排出溝14のエンドミル回転方向T側を向く上記壁面の先端側すなわちすくい面16の先端側には、エンドミル本体11の内周側から外周側に延びて上記外周刃15の先端に連なる底刃18が形成されている。従って、本実施形態ではエンドミル本体11の先端部に、4刃以上の6刃の底刃18が形成されることになる。   On the other hand, at the tip of the cutting edge 13, that is, the tip of the end mill main body 11, a gash 17 is formed so that the tip opening of each chip discharge groove 14 is sharpened to the inner peripheral side, The tip end of the outer peripheral blade 15 extends from the inner peripheral side of the end mill body 11 to the outer peripheral side at the tip end side of the wall surface facing the end mill rotation direction T side of the chip discharge groove 14 thus widened, that is, the tip end side of the rake face 16. A bottom blade 18 is formed in a row. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the bottom blade 18 having 6 or more blades is formed at the distal end portion of the end mill body 11.

さらに、この底刃18には、図4に示すように上記すくい面16と切刃部13先端の先端逃げ面19とをそのまま延長して交差させた場合の交差稜線部を、例えば軸線Lに平行な平面によって削り落とすようにして面取部20が形成されている。従って、この面取部20はすくい面16に対して鈍角に交差して、その軸方向すくい角は外周刃15の捩れ角δよりも負角側に大きく設定されることとなり(本実施形態では0°)、底刃18はこの面取部20と先端逃げ面19との交差稜線部に形成されることとなる。   Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the bottom edge 18 has an intersecting ridge line portion when the rake face 16 and the tip flank 19 at the tip of the cutting edge portion 13 are extended and intersected as shown in FIG. A chamfered portion 20 is formed so as to be scraped off by a parallel plane. Therefore, the chamfered portion 20 intersects the rake face 16 at an obtuse angle, and the axial rake angle is set to be larger on the negative angle side than the twist angle δ of the outer peripheral edge 15 (in this embodiment, 0 °), the bottom blade 18 is formed at the intersecting ridge line portion between the chamfered portion 20 and the tip flank 19.

また、この面取部20は、本実施形態では図2に示すように、エンドミル本体11内周側では軸線Lから外周側に延びるようにされていて、これにより底刃18のうちこの内周側の底刃内周部18Aの径方向すくい角は0°とされている。一方、この面取部20のエンドミル本体11外周側の部分は、外周側に向かうに従いエンドミル回転方向Tの後方側に向かうように、軸線L方向先端側から見た底面視に曲折角度γで曲折されられていて、曲折部21とされている。   Further, in the present embodiment, the chamfered portion 20 extends from the axis L to the outer peripheral side on the inner peripheral side of the end mill main body 11 as shown in FIG. The rake angle in the radial direction of the bottom blade inner peripheral portion 18A on the side is set to 0 °. On the other hand, a portion of the chamfered portion 20 on the outer peripheral side of the end mill body 11 is bent at a bending angle γ in a bottom view as viewed from the front end side in the axis L direction so as to go to the rear side in the end mill rotation direction T toward the outer peripheral side. It is made into the bending part 21.

従って、これに伴い底刃18のうちこの外周側の曲折部21の形成される底刃外周部18Bもエンドミル本体11外周側に向かうに従いエンドミル回転方向Tの後方側に向かうように曲折角度γで曲折させられて、底刃内周部18Aの径方向すくい角が0°であることにより、この底刃外周部18Bにおける径方向すくい角は上記曲折角度γと等しい負角となるようにされる。さらに、こうして負角とされた底刃外周部18Bの径方向すくい角は、同じく負角とされた上記外周刃15の径方向すくい角δと略等しくされており、より具体的には径方向すくい角δと曲折角度γとの差γ−δの絶対値が3°以内となるようにされている。   Accordingly, the bottom blade outer peripheral portion 18B of the bottom blade 18 in which the bent portion 21 on the outer peripheral side is formed is also bent at a bending angle γ so as to go to the rear side in the end mill rotation direction T toward the outer peripheral side of the end mill body 11. Since the rake angle in the radial direction of the inner peripheral portion 18A of the bottom blade is 0 °, the rake angle in the radial direction of the outer peripheral portion 18B of the bottom blade is a negative angle equal to the bending angle γ. . Further, the radial rake angle of the bottom blade outer peripheral portion 18B thus set to a negative angle is substantially equal to the radial rake angle δ of the outer peripheral blade 15 which is also set to a negative angle, and more specifically, the radial direction. The absolute value of the difference γ−δ between the rake angle δ and the bending angle γ is set to be within 3 °.

ここで、本実施形態では、上記曲折部21は、エンドミル本体11外周側において上記軸線Oに平行な平面とされたまま、内周側の面取部20に対して上記曲折角度γをもって折れ曲がるように形成されており、従って底刃18もその底刃内周部18Aから底刃外周部18Bにかけて、直線同士が角度をもって交差する折れ線状に曲折させられることとなる。ただし、こうして折り曲げられた底刃外周部18Bの長さは、底刃内周部18Aよりも十分短くされている。   Here, in the present embodiment, the bent portion 21 is bent at the bending angle γ with respect to the chamfered portion 20 on the inner peripheral side while being a plane parallel to the axis O on the outer peripheral side of the end mill body 11. Accordingly, the bottom blade 18 is also bent into a polygonal line in which straight lines intersect with each other at an angle from the bottom blade inner peripheral portion 18A to the bottom blade outer peripheral portion 18B. However, the length of the outer peripheral portion 18B of the bottom blade thus bent is sufficiently shorter than the inner peripheral portion 18A of the bottom blade.

さらに、本実施形態では、上記先端逃げ面19に、内周側に向かうに従い軸線L方向後端側に向かうように該軸線Lに垂直な平面Pに対して中低角が与えられている。そして、この中低角は、図5に示すように底刃内周部18Aにおいて上記面取部20に交差する先端逃げ面19の内周部19Aの中低角βよりも、底刃外周部18Bにおいて上記曲折部21に交差する先端逃げ面19の外周部19Bの中低角αが大きくなるように設定されている。   Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the tip flank 19 is provided with a medium and low angle with respect to the plane P perpendicular to the axis L so as to go to the rear end side in the axis L direction toward the inner peripheral side. And this middle and low angle is the bottom blade outer peripheral portion than the middle and low angle β of the inner peripheral portion 19A of the tip flank 19 intersecting the chamfered portion 20 in the bottom blade inner peripheral portion 18A as shown in FIG. In 18B, the middle and low angle α of the outer peripheral portion 19B of the tip flank 19 that intersects the bent portion 21 is set to be large.

従って、この先端逃げ面19は、図5に示すように外周部19Bにおいて上記平面Pに対して急勾配の中低角αでエンドミル本体1の内周側に向かうに従い軸線L方向後端側に凹み、次いで内周部19Aで凹曲折するようにして緩やかな中低角βでやはり内周側に向かうに従い軸線L方向後端側に凹むように形成される。勿論、この先端逃げ面19には底刃18に対して所定の逃げ角θが与えられていて、本実施形態では底刃内外周部18A,18Bからエンドミル回転方向T後方側に向かうに従い先端逃げ面19の内外周部19A,19Bが等しい逃げ角θで軸線L方向後端側に向かうようにされている。   Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, the tip flank 19 has a steep medium-low angle α with respect to the plane P at the outer peripheral portion 19B toward the inner peripheral side of the end mill body 1 toward the rear end side in the axis L direction. It is formed so as to be recessed toward the rear end side in the direction of the axis L as it goes toward the inner peripheral side with a moderate middle and low angle β, as if it is concavely bent at the inner peripheral portion 19A. Of course, the tip flank 19 is given a predetermined clearance angle θ with respect to the bottom blade 18. In this embodiment, the tip flank is advanced from the bottom blade inner and outer peripheral portions 18A, 18B toward the rear side in the end mill rotation direction T. The inner and outer peripheral portions 19A, 19B of the surface 19 are directed toward the rear end side in the direction of the axis L with the same clearance angle θ.

このように構成されたエンドミルにおいては、まず底刃18に沿って軸方向すくい角が外周刃15の捩れ角δよりも負角側に大きくなる面取部20が形成されていて、底刃18自体はこの面取部20と先端逃げ面19との交差稜線に形成されるため、外周刃15の捩れ角δが上述のように正角側に大きい強捩れのエンドミルであっても、底刃18には大きな刃先角を与えて十分な強度を確保することができ、この刃先角の不足による底刃8の欠損等を防止することができる。   In the end mill thus configured, first, a chamfered portion 20 is formed along the bottom blade 18 so that the axial rake angle is larger on the negative angle side than the torsion angle δ of the outer peripheral blade 15. Since it itself is formed at the intersecting ridge line between the chamfered portion 20 and the tip flank 19, even if the torsion angle δ of the outer peripheral blade 15 is a strong twist end mill having a large positive angle as described above, the bottom blade A large cutting edge angle can be given to 18 to ensure a sufficient strength, and the loss of the bottom cutting edge 8 due to the lack of the cutting edge angle can be prevented.

さらに、この面取部20には、その外周側に、こうして負角側に大きな軸方向すくい角のまま(本実施形態では0°)エンドミル回転方向Tの後方側に曲折させられた曲折部21が形成されており、これに伴い底刃18もその底刃外周部18Bが底刃内周部18Aに対してエンドミル回転方向T後方側に曲折角度γで曲折させられて、外周刃15の先端に交差させられている。従って、この底刃外周部18Bの強度を確保したまま、外周刃15の先端部における刃先角も大きくして強度を確保することができ、切刃の欠損等を防いで長期に亙って安定した切削が可能な工具寿命の長いエンドミルを提供することが可能となる。   Further, the chamfered portion 20 has a bent portion 21 which is bent to the rear side in the end mill rotation direction T at the outer peripheral side, thus maintaining a large rake angle on the negative angle side (0 ° in the present embodiment). Accordingly, the bottom blade 18 also has its outer peripheral portion 18B bent at a bending angle γ rearward in the end mill rotation direction T with respect to the bottom blade inner peripheral portion 18A. Crossed. Therefore, while ensuring the strength of the outer peripheral portion 18B of the bottom blade, it is possible to increase the edge angle at the tip portion of the outer peripheral blade 15 to ensure the strength, and to prevent the cutting blade from being broken and stable for a long time. It is possible to provide an end mill with a long tool life that can be cut.

そして、さらに上記構成のエンドミルでは、こうして曲折部21により曲折角度γでエンドミル回転方向T後方側に曲折させられた底刃外周部18Bに連なる先端逃げ面19の外周部19Bにおいて、その中低角αが、上記面取部20の底刃内周部18Aを介して交差する先端逃げ面19の内周部19Aに与えられる中低角βよりも大きくされているので、特にこの底刃外周部18Bにおいてその外周端よりも内周側が軸線L方向先端側に突出してしまうように底刃18が形成されるのを避けることができる。   Further, in the end mill having the above-described configuration, in the outer peripheral portion 19B of the tip flank 19B connected to the bottom blade outer peripheral portion 18B bent at the bending angle γ by the bending portion 21 in the end mill rotation direction T, the middle and low angle Since α is made larger than the medium and low angle β given to the inner peripheral portion 19A of the tip flank 19 intersecting via the bottom blade inner peripheral portion 18A of the chamfered portion 20, this bottom blade outer peripheral portion in particular. In 18B, it is possible to avoid the bottom blade 18 being formed such that the inner peripheral side protrudes toward the front end side in the axis L direction with respect to the outer peripheral end.

すなわち、こうして先端逃げ面19の外周部19Bが中低角αで傾斜させられていると、軸線L方向先端側から見た底面視において底刃内周部18Aに平行に底刃18の外周端Oから距離Xだけ内周側の底刃外周部18B上にある点は、この外周端Oから軸線L方向後端側にd=X・(−tanα+tanγ・tanθ)だけ後退した位置にあり、α>βであることから、先端逃げ面19全体を中低角βで傾斜させたとすると、この中低角βと曲折角度γおよび逃げ角θとの関係から(−tanβ+tanγ・tanθ)>0となって、底刃外周部が外周端Oから内周側に向かうに従い軸線L方向先端側に突出するような場合でも、底刃外周部18Bでは(−tanα+tanγ・tanθ)≦0として外周端Oよりも内周側で底刃外周部18Bが先端側に突出しないようにできるのである。   In other words, when the outer peripheral portion 19B of the tip flank 19 is inclined at a medium and low angle α, the outer peripheral end of the bottom blade 18 is parallel to the inner peripheral portion 18A of the bottom blade as viewed from the front end side in the axis L direction. A point on the outer peripheral edge 18B on the inner peripheral side by a distance X from O is at a position retreated by d = X · (−tan α + tan γ · tan θ) from the outer peripheral end O toward the rear end side in the axis L direction, Therefore, assuming that the entire tip flank 19 is inclined at a medium-low angle β, the relationship between the medium-low angle β, the bending angle γ, and the clearance angle θ is (−tan β + tan γ · tan θ)> 0. Even when the outer peripheral portion of the bottom blade protrudes from the outer peripheral end O toward the inner peripheral side, the bottom blade outer peripheral portion 18B has (−tan α + tan γ · tan θ) ≦ 0 as compared with the outer peripheral end O. Bottom blade outer peripheral part 18B on the inner peripheral side Than is possible so as not to protrude.

従って、上記構成のエンドミルによれば、このように底刃18の外周端Oよりも内周側で底刃外周部18Bが先端側に突出することによってその突端により被削材の加工面にスジ状の傷が付けられたりするのを防ぐことができ、滑らかで高品位の良好な加工面を得ることができる。   Therefore, according to the end mill having the above-described configuration, the bottom blade outer peripheral portion 18B protrudes toward the tip side on the inner peripheral side of the outer peripheral end O of the bottom blade 18 as described above, so that the protruding end streaks the work surface of the work material. It is possible to prevent the surface from being scratched, and a smooth and high-quality processed surface can be obtained.

しかも、このような大きな中低角αに形成されるのは、先端逃げ面19のうち上記曲折部21に交差する外周部19Bだけであって、内周部19Aは小さな中低角βのままでよいので、この先端逃げ面19を形成する際の研削工具等が特に内周側の軸線L近傍において隣接する他の底刃18に干渉したりするのを避けることができ、比較的容易に先端逃げ面19を所定の中低角α,βで傾斜するように形成することができる。これは、特に本実施形態のように底刃18が6刃であるなど、4刃以上の底刃(切刃)18を有するいわゆる多刃のエンドミルにおいて効果的である。   Moreover, only the outer peripheral portion 19B that intersects the bent portion 21 of the tip flank 19 is formed at such a large middle / low angle α, and the inner peripheral portion 19A remains a small middle / low angle β. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the grinding tool or the like when forming the tip flank 19 from interfering with the other bottom blade 18 adjacent particularly in the vicinity of the axis L on the inner peripheral side, and relatively easily. The tip flank 19 can be formed to be inclined at predetermined medium and low angles α and β. This is particularly effective in a so-called multi-blade end mill having four or more bottom blades (cut blades) 18 such as six bottom blades 18 as in this embodiment.

また、特に(−tanα+tanγ・tanθ)<0として、底刃18全体の軸線L回りの回転軌跡を該軸線Lを含む平面に投影したときに、底刃18がその外周端Oから底刃外周部19Bおよび底刃内周部18Aに亙って全体的に内周側に向かうに従い漸次軸線L方向後端側に向かうように形成すれば、上述のようなスジ状の傷が発生するのを一層確実に防止して、より優れた加工面を得ることができる。   In particular, when (−tan α + tan γ · tan θ) <0, and the rotation locus around the axis L of the entire bottom blade 18 is projected onto a plane including the axis L, the bottom blade 18 extends from the outer peripheral end O to the outer periphery of the bottom blade. If it is formed so as to gradually move toward the rear end side in the direction of the axis L as it moves toward the inner peripheral side as a whole over 19B and the inner peripheral portion 18A of the bottom blade, the above-mentioned streak-like scratches are further generated. It is possible to reliably prevent and obtain a better processed surface.

なお、この場合において、底刃18の回転軌跡を軸線Lを含む平面に投影したときの底刃内外周部18A,18Bの中低角は、底刃内周部18Aに対して底刃外周部18Bが大きくても、逆に小さくてもよいが、底刃外周部18Bの中低角が小さすぎると十分なすかし量を確保することができなくなるおそれがある一方、逆に底刃外周部18Bの中低角が大きすぎると、底刃18の外周端Oにおける先端逃げ面19の外周部19Bと外周刃15の外周逃げ面との交差角が小さくなって強度が損なわれるおそれがある。従って、この底刃18の回転軌跡を軸線Lを含む平面に投影したときの底刃内外周部18A,18Bの中低角は互いに等しくなるように、すなわちこの回転軌跡の投影図上では図6に示すように底刃内外周部18A,18Bが一直線状に延びるように形成されるのが望ましい。   In this case, the middle and low angle of the inner peripheral portions 18A, 18B of the bottom blade when the rotation locus of the bottom blade 18 is projected onto the plane including the axis L is the outer peripheral portion of the bottom blade with respect to the inner peripheral portion 18A of the bottom blade. 18B may be large or conversely small, but if the middle and low angle of the bottom blade outer peripheral portion 18B is too small, it may not be possible to secure a sufficient amount of watermark, while conversely the bottom blade outer peripheral portion If the middle / low angle of 18B is too large, the crossing angle between the outer peripheral portion 19B of the tip flank 19 and the outer peripheral flank of the outer cutter 15 at the outer peripheral end O of the bottom blade 18 may be reduced and the strength may be impaired. Therefore, when the rotation locus of the bottom blade 18 is projected onto the plane including the axis L, the inner and outer peripheral portions 18A and 18B of the bottom blade are equal to each other, that is, on the projection view of this rotation locus, FIG. It is desirable that the bottom blade inner and outer peripheral portions 18A and 18B are formed to extend in a straight line as shown in FIG.

また、本実施形態では底刃18が、エンドミル本体11先端内周側において軸線Lから外周側に延びるようにされて、その径方向すくい角は上述のように0°とされているが、例えば軸線L周辺にセンタ穴が形成されていたりする場合には、底刃18は軸線Lから離れたこのセンタ穴周辺から外周側に延びるようにされていてもよく、またこの内周側でも底刃18の径方向すくい角が負角となるようにされていてもよい。   Further, in the present embodiment, the bottom blade 18 extends from the axis L to the outer peripheral side on the inner peripheral side of the end mill body 11, and the rake angle in the radial direction is 0 ° as described above. In the case where a center hole is formed around the axis L, the bottom blade 18 may extend from the periphery of the center hole away from the axis L to the outer peripheral side. The 18 radial rake angles may be negative.

さらに、本実施形態では曲折部21が外周側で面取部20と角度をもって曲折していて、これに伴い底刃18もその底はない外周部18A,18Bが折れ線状に曲折させられているが、この底刃18の曲折部が円弧等の曲線状となるように、面取部20と曲折部21とを滑らかな曲面で曲折させたりしてもよい。さらにまた、先端逃げ面19の内外周部19A,19Bも凹曲面により滑らかに連続させられていてもよく、また例えば外周部19B自体を全体的に凹曲面状に形成してもよい。   Further, in this embodiment, the bent portion 21 is bent at an angle with the chamfered portion 20 on the outer peripheral side, and accordingly, the outer peripheral portions 18A and 18B having no bottom of the bottom blade 18 are bent in a broken line shape. However, the chamfered portion 20 and the bent portion 21 may be bent with a smooth curved surface so that the bent portion of the bottom blade 18 has a curved shape such as an arc. Furthermore, the inner and outer peripheral portions 19A and 19B of the tip flank 19 may be smoothly continuous with a concave curved surface, and for example, the outer peripheral portion 19B itself may be formed into a concave curved surface as a whole.

本発明の一実施形態を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows one Embodiment of this invention. 図1に示す実施形態を軸線L方向先端側から見た拡大底面図である。It is the expanded bottom view which looked at the embodiment shown in Drawing 1 from the axis L direction tip side. 図1に示す実施形態の先端部の部分拡大側面図である。It is a partial expanded side view of the front-end | tip part of embodiment shown in FIG. 図1に示す実施形態の面取部20を示す底刃18(底刃内周部18A)に直交する断面図である。It is sectional drawing orthogonal to the bottom blade 18 (bottom blade inner peripheral part 18A) which shows the chamfering part 20 of embodiment shown in FIG. 図2におけるYY断面図である。It is YY sectional drawing in FIG. 図1に示す実施形態において、底刃18の回転軌跡を軸線Lを含む平面に投影したときに底刃内外周部18A,18Bの中低角βが互いに等しくなるようにしたときの投影図である。In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, when the rotation locus of the bottom blade 18 is projected onto a plane including the axis L, the middle and low angles β of the bottom blade inner and outer peripheral portions 18A and 18B are made equal to each other. is there. 従来のエンドミルの底面図である。It is a bottom view of the conventional end mill. 図8における底刃1の外周端O周辺の拡大図である。It is an enlarged view of the outer periphery end O periphery of the bottom blade 1 in FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

11 エンドミル本体
14 切屑排出溝
15 外周刃
16 すくい面
18 底刃
18A 底刃内周部
18B 底刃外周部
19 先端逃げ面
19A 先端逃げ面19の内周部
19B 先端逃げ面19の外周部
20 面取部
21 曲折部
L エンドミル本体11の軸線
T エンドミル回転方向
O 底刃18の外周端
α 先端逃げ面19の外周部19Bの中低角(先端逃げ面19の外周側における中低角)
β 先端逃げ面19の内周部19Aの中低角
γ 底面視において底刃外周部18Bが底刃内周部18Aに対してなす曲折角度(軸線L方向先端側から見たエンドミル本体11の底面視における曲折部21の面取部20に対する曲折角度)
θ 底刃18の逃げ角
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 End mill main body 14 Chip discharge groove 15 Outer peripheral blade 16 Rake face 18 Bottom blade 18A Bottom blade inner peripheral part 18B Bottom blade outer peripheral part 19 Tip flank 19A Inner peripheral part of tip flank 19B Outer part 20 of tip flank 19 Take-up portion 21 Bending portion L Axis of end mill body 11 End mill rotation direction O Outer peripheral end of bottom blade 18 α Middle / low angle of outer peripheral portion 19B of tip flank 19 ( mid-low angle on outer rim side of tip flank 19)
β Medium and low angle of inner peripheral portion 19A of tip flank 19 γ Bending angle formed by bottom blade outer peripheral portion 18B with respect to bottom blade inner peripheral portion 18A in bottom view (bottom surface of end mill body 11 viewed from tip end side in axis L direction) The bending angle of the bent portion 21 with respect to the chamfered portion 20 in view)
θ Clearance angle of bottom blade 18

Claims (3)

軸線回りに回転されるエンドミル本体の先端部外周に、上記軸線方向後端側に向かうに従い該軸線回りにエンドミル回転方向後方側に捩れる切屑排出溝が形成され、この切屑排出溝のエンドミル回転方向を向く壁面の外周側辺稜部に外周刃が、先端側辺稜部には底刃が形成されたエンドミルにおいて、上記壁面の先端側には、上記外周刃の捩れ角よりも軸方向すくい角が負角側に大きくなる面取部が形成されるとともに、この面取部の外周端部には、外周側に向かうに従いエンドミル回転方向後方側に向けて曲折させられた曲折部が形成されていて、上記底刃はこれら面取部と曲折部の先端に形成される一方、該底刃のエンドミル回転方向後方側に連なる先端逃げ面には、内周側に向かうに従い上記軸線方向後端側に向かうように中低角が与えられていて、この中低角が、上記曲折部に交差する上記先端逃げ面の外周側で、上記面取部に交差する該先端逃げ面の内周側よりも大きくされているとともに、上記先端逃げ面の外周側における中低角α、上記軸線方向先端側から見た上記エンドミル本体の底面視における上記曲折部の上記面取部に対する曲折角度γ、上記底刃の逃げ角θとしたときに、(−tanα+tanγ・tanθ)≦0とされていることを特徴とするエンドミル。 A chip discharge groove that twists toward the rear side in the end mill rotation direction around the axis is formed on the outer periphery of the tip end portion of the end mill body rotated about the axis, and the chip discharge groove rotates in the end mill rotation direction. In an end mill in which an outer peripheral edge is formed on the outer peripheral side ridge portion of the wall surface facing and a bottom blade is formed on the distal end side ridge portion, an axial rake angle is formed on the distal end side of the wall surface in the axial direction rather than the twist angle of the outer peripheral blade. Is formed with a chamfered portion that becomes larger on the negative angle side, and a bent portion that is bent toward the rear side in the end mill rotation direction toward the outer peripheral side is formed at the outer peripheral end of the chamfered portion. The bottom blade is formed at the tip of the chamfered portion and the bent portion, and the tip flank connected to the rear side in the end mill rotation direction of the bottom blade has the axial rear end side toward the inner peripheral side. Middle and low angles are given to head toward Have been, the inside low angle is, on the outer peripheral side of the distal flank face intersecting to the bent portion, with being larger than the inner peripheral side of the tip flank intersecting to the chamfered portion, the distal end When the intermediate low angle α on the outer peripheral side of the flank, the bending angle γ of the bent portion with respect to the chamfered portion in the bottom view of the end mill body viewed from the axial front end side, the clearance angle θ of the bottom blade , (−tan α + tan γ · tan θ) ≦ 0 . 上記底刃の上記軸線回りの回転軌跡を該軸線を含む平面に投影したときに、該底刃がその外周端から内周側に向かうに従い漸次上記軸線方向後端側に向かうようにされていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のエンドミル。   When the rotation trajectory of the bottom blade around the axis is projected onto a plane including the axis, the bottom blade is gradually directed toward the rear end side in the axial direction from the outer peripheral end toward the inner peripheral side. The end mill according to claim 1. 上記エンドミル本体の先端部には、4刃以上の上記底刃が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載のエンドミル。   The end mill according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bottom edge of four or more blades is formed at a tip portion of the end mill body.
JP2008072507A 2008-03-19 2008-03-19 End mill Active JP5266821B2 (en)

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EP2722121B1 (en) * 2011-06-17 2017-10-11 Hitachi Tool Engineering, Ltd. Multi-edge endmill
JP5016737B1 (en) * 2011-06-17 2012-09-05 日立ツール株式会社 Multi-blade end mill
JP7320391B2 (en) * 2019-06-28 2023-08-03 株式会社Subaru End mill and drilling method
JP6714248B1 (en) * 2019-11-06 2020-06-24 株式会社ジーベックテクノロジー Chamfering cutter and chamfering method for work

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JPH04304918A (en) * 1991-03-29 1992-10-28 Nisshin Kogu Kk End mill
JP2519155B2 (en) * 1992-09-11 1996-07-31 渉 青木 End mill
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