JP5245120B2 - Catalyst structure - Google Patents
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- JP5245120B2 JP5245120B2 JP2008125841A JP2008125841A JP5245120B2 JP 5245120 B2 JP5245120 B2 JP 5245120B2 JP 2008125841 A JP2008125841 A JP 2008125841A JP 2008125841 A JP2008125841 A JP 2008125841A JP 5245120 B2 JP5245120 B2 JP 5245120B2
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 86
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Description
本発明は、排ガス中に含まれる有害物質を浄化するための板状触媒および板状触媒構造体に関し、特に触媒装置内でのガスの偏流を防止し、使用される板状触媒の活性を向上させることができる板状触媒および板状触媒構造体に関する。 The present invention relates to a plate-like catalyst and a plate-like catalyst structure for purifying harmful substances contained in exhaust gas, and in particular, prevents drift of gas in the catalyst device and improves the activity of the plate-like catalyst used. The present invention relates to a plate-shaped catalyst and a plate-shaped catalyst structure.
排ガスに含まれる有害物質を浄化する触媒の形状としては、板状、ハニカム状、粒状、円筒状、ペレット状など様々なものがあるが、一般に板状あるいはハニカム状のものが触媒構造体として使用されている。板状触媒は、一般に触媒成分を塗布した平板を所定高さの凸状列部と凹状列部を形成するようにプレス加工したものから成るが、このように製造された板状触媒は、積層されて触媒構造体として触媒装置に組み込まれ、使用されている。
石炭焚ボイラ等のガスにダストが含まれる場合、ダストによる触媒の閉塞や摩耗が問題となるが、板状触媒構造体は、図６に示すように、板状触媒を積層した構造のために、他の形状よりも端部摩耗に強く、閉塞や摩耗に対して優れた耐久性を有し、また、他の形状よりも圧力損失が低いという利点を有している。
There are various types of catalyst for purifying harmful substances contained in exhaust gas, such as plate, honeycomb, granular, cylindrical, and pellets. Generally, a plate or honeycomb is used as the catalyst structure. Has been. A plate-shaped catalyst is generally composed of a flat plate coated with a catalyst component, which is pressed so as to form convex rows and concave rows of a predetermined height. As a catalyst structure, it is incorporated into a catalyst device and used.
When dust is contained in a gas such as a coal fired boiler, clogging or wear of the catalyst due to dust becomes a problem. However, the plate-like catalyst structure has a structure in which plate-like catalysts are laminated as shown in FIG. It is more resistant to end wear than other shapes, has excellent durability against clogging and wear, and has an advantage of lower pressure loss than other shapes.
さらに、板状以外の形状の場合、内部に基板や担体が含まれないために、触媒本体の強度を高く維持しなければならず、触媒の反応効率を犠牲にする必要があるのに対し、板状触媒の場合は、基板や担体で強度を保持することができるために、触媒成分は反応効率を最大限にするような組成にすることができるという利点も有する。
従来の凸状列部と凹状列部を持つ板状触媒においては、特に隣り合う触媒エレメント間の距離（ピッチ）が大きいと、図５に示すように凸状列部または凹状列部においてガスの一部が触媒と十分反応せず吹き抜けてしまい、触媒が有効に利用されなくなる可能性があった。また、石炭焚ボイラ排ガス等のダストを含むガスの場合、灰により触媒端面の閉塞を引き起こし、触媒の本来の性能が得られないことがある。さらに、この場合、他の流路へガス流れが集中するために早期に活性低下や触媒部の摩耗を引き起こす可能性もある。 In a conventional plate catalyst having a convex row portion and a concave row portion, particularly when the distance (pitch) between adjacent catalyst elements is large, as shown in FIG. There was a possibility that a part of the catalyst was not sufficiently reacted with the catalyst and was blown out, so that the catalyst could not be used effectively. Moreover, in the case of gas containing dust, such as coal fired boiler exhaust gas, the catalyst end face may be blocked by ash, and the original performance of the catalyst may not be obtained. Further, in this case, since the gas flow is concentrated on the other flow path, there is a possibility that the activity is reduced early and the catalyst portion is worn.
これらの課題に対して、板状触媒の凸状列部と凹状列部の境界が開口している構造体が提案されているが（特許文献１）、ガス流れの攪拌により圧損が高く、凸状列部の端部に灰が堆積しやすい可能性があった。 To solve these problems, a structure in which the boundary between the convex row portion and the concave row portion of the plate-like catalyst is open is proposed (Patent Document 1). There was a possibility that ash was likely to be deposited at the end of the row.
本発明の課題は、板状触媒の凸状列部または凹状列部におけるガスの吹き抜けを抑制し、灰の堆積を抑制することができる板状触媒およびその構造体を提供することである。 The subject of this invention is providing the plate-shaped catalyst which can suppress the blow-by of the gas in the convex row | line | column part or concave row | line part of a plate-shaped catalyst, and can suppress the accumulation of ash, and its structure.
上記課題を達成するため、本願で特許請求される発明は以下のとおりである。
（１）平板部内に所定高さの凸状列部と凹状列部とを平板部をはさみ交互に列状に形成したものを複数列形成した板状体に触媒成分を担持した板状触媒であって、該凸状列部と凹状列部がその稜線において一箇所以上の半楕円または台形状の凹部を有し、該凹部の前記凸凹列部の稜線との間に形成される接線角が４５度以下であることを特徴とする排ガス処理用板状触媒。
（２）前記凹部の高さが凸状列部または凹状列部の高さの半分以上であることを特徴とする（１）に記載の板状触媒。
（３）（１）または（２）に記載の板状触媒を、隣接する板状触媒の凸状列部と凹状列部が平板部に接触するように複数枚積層してユニットを形成し、凸凹列状方向に通気するように構成したことを特徴とする触媒構造体。
In order to achieve the above object, the invention claimed in the present application is as follows.
(1) A plate-like catalyst in which a catalyst component is supported on a plate-like body in which a plurality of rows are formed by alternately arranging a plate-like portion between a convex row portion and a concave row portion having a predetermined height in a flat plate portion. The convex row portion and the concave row portion have one or more semi-elliptical or trapezoidal concave portions in the ridge line, and a tangent angle formed between the concave row portion and the ridge line of the convex row portion A plate-like catalyst for exhaust gas treatment, which is 45 ° or less.
(2) The plate-shaped catalyst according to (1), wherein the height of the concave portion is at least half of the height of the convex row portion or the concave row portion.
(3) A unit is formed by laminating a plurality of the plate-like catalysts according to (1) or (2) such that the convex and concave rows of adjacent plate-like catalysts are in contact with the flat plate portion, A catalyst structure characterized by being configured to ventilate in a convex-concave row direction.
本発明によれば、凸状列部または凹状列部に形成した半楕円または台形状の凹部によりガスが混合されるので、吹き抜けが抑制され、触媒上へのダストの堆積を抑制することができる。 According to the present invention, the gas is mixed by the semi-elliptical or trapezoidal concave portions formed in the convex row portion or the concave row portion, so that blow-through is suppressed and dust accumulation on the catalyst can be suppressed. .
図１は、本発明の板状触媒の一実施例を示す斜視図である。板状触媒１は、方形の平板部２と、該平板部２内に交互に列状に形成された所定高さの凸状列部３と凹状列部４の対と、該凸状列部３および凹状列部４に一箇所以上形成されたガス流れ方向に一定の傾斜や曲率を有する半楕円または台形状の凹部５とを有している。このような凹部５を設けたことにより、板状触媒の排ガスの吹き抜けが効果的に抑制され、触媒自身の持つ性能を十分に発揮させることができる。 FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the plate catalyst of the present invention. The plate-shaped catalyst 1 includes a rectangular flat plate portion 2, a pair of convex row portions 3 and concave row portions 4 having a predetermined height formed alternately in the flat plate portion 2, and the convex row portion. 3 and at least one concave row portion 4 and a semi-elliptical or trapezoidal concave portion 5 having a certain inclination or curvature in the gas flow direction. By providing such a recess 5, the exhaust of the exhaust gas from the plate catalyst is effectively suppressed, and the performance of the catalyst itself can be sufficiently exhibited.
本発明の板状触媒は、通ガス時の吹き抜けを抑制し、排ガス中に含まれる灰の堆積を抑制できる構造を提供するので、その適用される触媒の組成にはこだわらない。またその用途は、脱硝触媒等に限定されるものではなく、排ガス浄化プロセス一般に適用可能である。さらに、板状触媒の基板も、金属製、セラミック製の基板に塗布するものや、担体の表面に担持するものなど、どのような方法で製造したものでもよい。 The plate-like catalyst of the present invention provides a structure that can suppress blow-through during gas passage and suppress the accumulation of ash contained in the exhaust gas, and therefore does not stick to the composition of the applied catalyst. Further, its use is not limited to a denitration catalyst or the like, and can be applied to an exhaust gas purification process in general. Further, the plate-like catalyst substrate may be produced by any method such as a material coated on a metal or ceramic substrate or a material supported on the surface of a carrier.
本発明の板状触媒おいて、凸状列部または凹状列部の稜線に設けられる半楕円または台形状の凹部は、凸状列部および凹状列部のプレス加工時や、プレス加工後に付加する等の手段によって得ることができるが、その凹部の開始点における接線と稜線とのなす角度αまたはθは１０度以上、４５度以下、より好ましくは２０度以上、３０度以下である。上記角度が小さすぎると灰堆積を抑制する効果が十分に発揮されない。
さらに、前記凹部の高さは、凸状列部または凹状列部の高さの半分以上、より好ましくは１/３以上である。上記高さが低すぎると、吹き抜けを抑制する効果が十分に発揮されない。
In the plate-like catalyst of the present invention, the semi-elliptical or trapezoidal concave portion provided on the ridge line of the convex row portion or the concave row portion is added at the time of pressing the convex row portion and the concave row portion or after the press processing. However, the angle α or θ formed between the tangent line and the ridge line at the starting point of the recess is 10 degrees or more and 45 degrees or less, more preferably 20 degrees or more and 30 degrees or less. If the angle is too small, the effect of suppressing ash accumulation is not sufficiently exhibited.
Furthermore, the height of the concave portion is at least half the height of the convex row portion or the concave row portion, more preferably 1/3 or higher. If the height is too low, the effect of suppressing blow-through is not sufficiently exhibited.
石炭焚きボイラの場合は、石炭灰により触媒構造体の開口部が閉塞される恐れもあることが知られており、この場合、閉塞部にガスが流れず、触媒の本来の性能が得られなくなる。さらに、他の流路へガス流れが集中するため、触媒が早期に活性低下し、また摩耗を引き起こす可能性がある。本発明においては、一部の開口部が閉塞した場合においても、隣り合う流路の半楕円または台形状の凹部の部分を介してガスが流れるため、触媒を有効に利用することが可能となる。 In the case of a coal-fired boiler, it is known that the opening of the catalyst structure may be blocked by coal ash. In this case, gas does not flow to the blocked portion, and the original performance of the catalyst cannot be obtained. . Furthermore, since the gas flow is concentrated on other flow paths, the catalyst may be prematurely degraded and wear may occur. In the present invention, even when some of the openings are closed, the gas flows through the semi-elliptical or trapezoidal recessed portions of the adjacent flow paths, so that the catalyst can be used effectively. .
[実施例１]
ステンレスエキスパンドメタルに触媒成分を塗布し、その後、プレス加工により、凸状列部と凹状列部の対がピッチ5mmで配列するように加工し、触媒ガス流れ方向（凸状列部方向）長さを500mm、幅を150mmに切断し、図１に示すような板状触媒とした。このとき、半楕円または台形状の凹部（以下、単に凹部と称する）の稜線との接線角はガス流れ方向に対して45度、凹部の数は山部１列に対して２つとし、凹部の長さは１つあたり125mm、凹部の高さは5mmとした。その後、該板状触媒体を全２６枚重ねて図６に示すような150mm角の触媒構造体に組み立てた。
[Example 1]
The catalyst component is applied to stainless steel expanded metal, and then processed by pressing so that the pairs of convex rows and concave rows are arranged at a pitch of 5 mm, and the catalyst gas flow direction (convex row direction) length Was cut to 500 mm and the width was 150 mm to obtain a plate catalyst as shown in FIG. At this time, the tangent angle with the ridge line of the semi-elliptical or trapezoidal concave portion (hereinafter simply referred to as the concave portion) is 45 degrees with respect to the gas flow direction, and the number of concave portions is two for one row of ridges. The length of each was 125 mm and the height of the recess was 5 mm. Thereafter, a total of 26 plate-like catalyst bodies were stacked to assemble a 150 mm square catalyst structure as shown in FIG.
触媒は、組成比Ti:W:V = 90:5:5の脱硝触媒を用いた。この触媒ユニットをベンチ試験装置として表１に示すガス条件で反応速度と圧力損失の測定を行った。また表２に示す条件で、触媒構造体に灰を含んだガスを２４時間流通後、触媒構造体を解体して灰堆積状況を評価した。得られた測定結果は、比較例１の結果を１としたときの反応速度比、圧力損失比として灰堆積の状況と共に表３に示した。 As the catalyst, a denitration catalyst having a composition ratio of Ti: W: V = 90: 5: 5 was used. Using this catalyst unit as a bench test apparatus, the reaction rate and pressure loss were measured under the gas conditions shown in Table 1. In addition, under the conditions shown in Table 2, a gas containing ash in the catalyst structure was passed for 24 hours, and then the catalyst structure was disassembled to evaluate the ash deposition status. The obtained measurement results are shown in Table 3 together with the state of ash deposition as the reaction rate ratio and pressure loss ratio when the result of Comparative Example 1 is 1.
表３の結果から、本発明による板状触媒（構造体）は、比較例１に示す従来型の触媒体よりも反応速度が高いことが分かる。これは、凸状列部が凹部を有することにより、ガスの吹き抜けが抑制されているものと考えられる。圧力損失については、わずかに比較例1よりも高いものの、灰堆積については、比較例1に示す従来型の触媒体に近く、灰堆積の抑制がなされていることが分かる。 From the results in Table 3, it can be seen that the plate catalyst (structure) according to the present invention has a higher reaction rate than the conventional catalyst body shown in Comparative Example 1. This is considered that gas blow-through is suppressed because the convex row portion has the concave portion. Although the pressure loss is slightly higher than that of Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that the ash deposition is close to the conventional catalyst body shown in Comparative Example 1, and the ash deposition is suppressed.
[比較例１]
凸状列部に凹部を設けない以外は実施例１と同様にして触媒構造体を製作し、評価した。表３にその結果を示すが、本例では、灰堆積は実施例１と同様に少ないものの、反応速度は実施例１よりも低い結果となった。
[比較例２]
前記凹部の接線角を図３に示すようにガス流れ方向に対して９０度となるように加工する以外は実施例１と同様にして触媒構造体を製作し、評価した。表３にその結果を示すが、反応速度は実施例１と同等であり、吹き抜けが十分に抑制されているものの、灰堆積については実施例、比較例の中で最も多く、さらに凹部への堆積が多く開口部の閉塞につながるおそれがあった。また、圧力損失も実施例１、比較例３より高い値となった。これらのことは凹部の接線角が高いことが影響したものと考えられる。
[Comparative Example 1]
A catalyst structure was produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the concave portions were not provided in the convex rows. The results are shown in Table 3. In this example, the ash deposition was small as in Example 1, but the reaction rate was lower than that in Example 1.
[Comparative Example 2]
A catalyst structure was manufactured and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the tangential angle of the concave portion was processed so as to be 90 degrees with respect to the gas flow direction as shown in FIG . The results are shown in Table 3. Although the reaction rate is the same as in Example 1 and the blow-through is sufficiently suppressed, the ash deposition is the largest among the Examples and Comparative Examples, and further the deposition in the recesses. There was a possibility that it might lead to obstruction | occlusion of an opening part. Further, the pressure loss was higher than that in Example 1 and Comparative Example 3. These are considered to be influenced by the high tangent angle of the recess.
[比較例３][Comparative Example 3]
前記凹部の稜線との接線角を図４に示すようにガス流れ方向に対して７０度と大きくなるように加工する以外は実施例１と同様にして触媒構造体を製作し、評価した。表３にその結果を示すが、反応速度は実施例１と同等であり、吹き抜けが十分に抑制されているものの、灰堆積については凹部に堆積が多く見られることから、凹部の接線角が高いことが影響したものと考えられる。 A catalyst structure was produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the tangent angle with the ridge line of the recess was processed to be as large as 70 degrees with respect to the gas flow direction as shown in FIG. The results are shown in Table 3. Although the reaction rate is the same as in Example 1 and the blow-through is sufficiently suppressed, the tangential angle of the recesses is high because ash deposition has many deposits in the recesses. This is thought to have influenced this.
[実施例２]
前記凹部の高さを凸状列部の高さの1/3とするように加工する以外は実施例１と同様にして触媒構造体を製作し、評価した。表３にその結果を示すが、灰堆積については実施例１、比較例１と同等であるが、反応速度と圧力損失は実施例１よりも若干小さくなった。これらのことは、凹部の高さが比較的小さいことが影響しているものと考えられる。
[Example 2]
A catalyst structure was manufactured and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the height of the concave portion was processed to be 1/3 of the height of the convex row portion. The results are shown in Table 3, and the ash deposition is the same as in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, but the reaction rate and pressure loss were slightly smaller than in Example 1. These are considered to be due to the fact that the height of the recess is relatively small.
１‥板状触媒、２‥板状触媒における平板部、３‥凸状列部、４‥凹状列部、５‥半楕円または台形状の凹部、６‥触媒構造体、７‥吹き抜けが起こりうる位置、８‥稜線、９‥傾斜角、１０‥接線角、１１‥凹部の高さ。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Plate-shaped catalyst, 2 ... Flat plate part in plate-shaped catalyst, 3 ... Convex row part, 4 ... Concave row part, 5 ... Semi-elliptical or trapezoidal recessed part, 6 ... Catalyst structure, 7 ... Blow-through may occur Position, 8 ... ridge line, 9 ... tilt angle, 10 ... tangential angle, 11 ... height of the recess.
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| DE8909128U1 (en) * | 1989-07-27 | 1990-11-29 | Emitec Emissionstechnologie | |
| JP2537199Y2 (en) * | 1990-11-26 | 1997-05-28 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Exhaust gas purification catalyst carrier |
| JPH09220485A (en) * | 1996-02-13 | 1997-08-26 | Usui Internatl Ind Co Ltd | Metal honeycomb |
| JPH1028871A (en) * | 1996-07-17 | 1998-02-03 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Plate-like catalyst, plate-like catalyst structure body, preparation thereof, and waste-gas treatment method using the catalyst |
| DE102004001419A1 (en) * | 2003-05-30 | 2004-12-16 | Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh | Metal sheet, e.g. for supporting catalytic converter for treating vehicle exhaust, has slits near center which enclose microstructured area extending below its surface, where slits have recesses at their corners |
| JP4868714B2 (en) * | 2004-04-12 | 2012-02-01 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Exhaust gas purification filter catalyst |
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