JP5220269B2 - Method and apparatus for detecting deterioration / charge state of storage battery - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for detecting deterioration / charge state of storage battery Download PDF

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JP5220269B2
JP5220269B2 JP2005270917A JP2005270917A JP5220269B2 JP 5220269 B2 JP5220269 B2 JP 5220269B2 JP 2005270917 A JP2005270917 A JP 2005270917A JP 2005270917 A JP2005270917 A JP 2005270917A JP 5220269 B2 JP5220269 B2 JP 5220269B2
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state
charge
amount
deterioration
storage battery
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JP2007078661A (en
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貴史 木村
敏幸 佐藤
史和 岩花
崇 飯島
勇一 渡辺
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THE FURUKAW ELECTRIC CO., LTD.
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Priority to CN2006800298391A priority patent/CN101243325B/en
Priority to EP06810102.1A priority patent/EP1933158B1/en
Priority to CN2010105755090A priority patent/CN102129039B/en
Priority to PCT/JP2006/318145 priority patent/WO2007032382A1/en
Publication of JP2007078661A publication Critical patent/JP2007078661A/en
Priority to US12/049,907 priority patent/US7626394B2/en
Priority to US12/605,930 priority patent/US8129996B2/en
Priority to US13/360,362 priority patent/US9091739B2/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/392Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health

Description

本発明は、蓄電池の劣化状態・充電状態の検知方法及び検知装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a detection method and a detection device for a deterioration state / charge state of a storage battery.

蓄電池の充電状態を検知する方法として、例えば下記の特許文献1に記載のように、電池電圧と充電状態の関係(線形性)を用いることにより、電池電圧を測定して充電状態を推定する方法がある。   As a method for detecting the state of charge of a storage battery, for example, as described in Patent Document 1 below, a method of measuring the battery voltage and estimating the state of charge by using the relationship between the battery voltage and the state of charge (linearity) There is.

この方法を用いる場合には、充電あるいは放電による分極状態の影響により電池電圧に大きな変動が生じるので、安定した電池電圧を測定することができない。特に、自動車においては、エンジンの始動時や始動後に蓄電池から各負荷へ電力供給があり、しかも充電器から蓄電池への充電もあることから、蓄電池の充電と放電が繰り返し行われるので、安定した電池電圧を得ることができず、線形性から求める充電状態量の推定に非常に大きな誤差が生じていた。   When this method is used, the battery voltage largely fluctuates due to the influence of the polarization state due to charging or discharging, so that a stable battery voltage cannot be measured. In particular, in automobiles, there is power supply from the storage battery to each load at the start of the engine and after the start, and there is also charging from the charger to the storage battery, so the storage battery is repeatedly charged and discharged, so a stable battery The voltage could not be obtained, and a very large error occurred in the estimation of the state of charge obtained from the linearity.

このため、自動車に搭載される蓄電池において、特に通常は負荷が接続されずに緊急時のみに負荷へ電力を供給する蓄電池においては、ドアの開放信号の発生からエンジンが始動するまでの期間に電池電圧を測定し、この期間の電池電圧の測定データを線形式に代入して充電状態量を推定する方法や、長時間タイマーを稼働させて一定の間隔で電池電圧を取得することにより安定した電圧値を得て充電状態を推定する方法などがあるが、いずれも測定値をそのまま用いる方法であり、蓄電池の劣化状態などを考慮していないので、正確性に欠ける。   For this reason, in a storage battery mounted on an automobile, particularly in a storage battery that supplies power to a load only in an emergency without a load being connected, the battery is in a period from the generation of a door opening signal until the engine starts. Stable voltage by measuring the voltage and substituting the battery voltage measurement data of this period into the linear format to estimate the state of charge, or by operating the timer for a long time and acquiring the battery voltage at regular intervals There is a method of estimating the state of charge by obtaining a value, but all are methods using the measured value as it is, and the deterioration state of the storage battery is not taken into account, so that accuracy is lacking.

また、充電時の蓄電池の充電状態を推定する方法としては、電流を時間積算して充電量を算出し、これを電池容量と比較、正規化することにより行う方法がある。   Further, as a method for estimating the state of charge of the storage battery at the time of charging, there is a method of calculating the amount of charge by integrating the current over time, comparing it with the battery capacity, and normalizing it.

しかし、蓄電池の電池容量は、蓄電池の劣化が進行するにつれて初期の電池容量から低下・減少するので、その劣化の進行につれて算出した充電状態の精度は初期値に比べて低くなる。特に、放電等によりSOC量が低い場合にはその傾向が顕著に表れる。この対策として、下記の特許文献1、特許文献2に記載されているように、電池容量の劣化補正を行う方法が以前より知られている。   However, since the battery capacity of the storage battery decreases / decreases from the initial battery capacity as the deterioration of the storage battery progresses, the accuracy of the state of charge calculated as the deterioration progresses becomes lower than the initial value. In particular, when the SOC amount is low due to discharge or the like, the tendency is prominent. As a countermeasure against this, as described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 below, a method for correcting deterioration of battery capacity has been known for some time.

文献2、文献3に記載されている電池容量劣化補正方法は、蓄電池の放電電流と電池電圧の関係を充電状態量毎に算出するIV法によって得られた高負荷時残存容量に基づいて満充電時(充電状態量:100%)の残存容量を推定し、これを電池容量で割ることにより劣化度を算出し、その劣化度により電池容量を補正する方法である。
これらの方法も、測定したその時点での充電状態量を示すものであり、この数値のみで判定を行うには正確性に欠ける。
The battery capacity deterioration correction methods described in Reference 2 and Reference 3 are based on the high load remaining capacity obtained by the IV method for calculating the relationship between the discharge current of the storage battery and the battery voltage for each charge state quantity. This is a method of estimating the remaining capacity at the time (charged amount: 100%), dividing this by the battery capacity, calculating the degree of deterioration, and correcting the battery capacity based on the degree of deterioration.
These methods also show the measured state of charge at that time, and are inaccurate to make a determination only with this numerical value.

劣化状態を検知する方法としては、電池の内部抵抗の増加により劣化状態を検知する方法、蓄電池を放電させてその放電時の電圧から劣化状態を検知する方法、蓄電池の容量を放電時の電圧から推定することにより劣化状態を検知する方法などがある。しかし、いずれの方法も、測定したその時点での劣化状態量を示すものであり、温度などの要因を考慮していないので、その数値のみで判定を行うには正確性に欠ける。
特表2004−530880号公報 特開平6−59003号公報 特開2000−166109号公報
As a method of detecting the deterioration state, a method of detecting the deterioration state by increasing the internal resistance of the battery, a method of discharging the storage battery and detecting the deterioration state from the voltage at the time of discharge, and the capacity of the storage battery from the voltage at the time of discharge. There is a method of detecting a deterioration state by estimation. However, both methods show the amount of deterioration state at the time of measurement, and do not consider factors such as temperature, so that it is not accurate to make a determination only with the numerical value.
Special table 2004-530880 JP-A-6-59003 JP 2000-166109 A

蓄電池は条件・状態により充放電能力が大きく変化する。その条件・状態としては、充電状態量の変化や、蓄電池の劣化がある。その充電状態量の算出の基になる蓄電池内部の蓄積量は環境による温度変化、充電あるいは放電により変化する。   The charge / discharge capacity of a storage battery varies greatly depending on conditions and conditions. The condition / state includes a change in the state of charge and deterioration of the storage battery. The amount stored in the storage battery, which is the basis for calculating the state of charge, changes due to a temperature change, charge, or discharge due to the environment.

充電状態量は通常、長時間放電時の放電能力、放電特性により規定されるため、蓄電池の劣化は必然的に充電状態量の算出にも影響を及ぼす。一方、劣化状態を算出する場合には、その定義にもよるが、充電状態量も少なからず影響する。従って、充電状態量と劣化状態量についてはなんらかの方法によって補正を行っていた。
しかし、これまでの検知方法では、充電状態を算出する際の劣化補正や、劣化状態を算出する際の充電状態量補正といった検知方法個々での条件因子で考慮されていたために、劣化状態検知と充電状態検知の双方の精度に違いが生じ易く、蓄電池の最適な管理が難しくなる。
Since the state of charge is normally defined by the discharge capacity and discharge characteristics during long-time discharge, deterioration of the storage battery necessarily affects the calculation of the state of charge. On the other hand, when the deterioration state is calculated, although depending on the definition, the amount of charge state is not a little affected. Therefore, the charge state amount and the deterioration state amount are corrected by some method.
However, in the conventional detection methods, since deterioration factors when calculating the state of charge and correction of the state of charge when calculating the deterioration state are considered in the individual condition factors, Differences in the accuracy of both of the charged state detections are likely to occur, making it difficult to optimally manage the storage battery.

本発明の目的は、充電状態と劣化状態の双方の検知を同列で精度良く行って電池の最適な管理を行える蓄電池の劣化状態・充電状態の検知方法及びその装置を提供することにある。   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a storage battery deterioration state / charge state detection method and apparatus capable of optimally managing a battery by accurately detecting both the charge state and the deterioration state in the same row.

上記の課題を解決するための本発明の第1の態様は、蓄電池の電圧又は電流の測定に基づいて充電状態量算出手段により前記蓄電池の充電状態量を求め、前記充電状態量に基づいて劣化状態量算出手段により前記蓄電池の劣化状態量を求めた後に、さらに、前記劣化状態量算出手段により求められた最前の前記劣化状態量に基づいて前記充電状態量算出手段により前記蓄電池の充電状態量を求め、前記充電状態量算出手段により求められた最前の前記充電状態量に基づいて前記充電劣化状態量算出手段により前記蓄電池の劣化状態量を求める処理を1回又は2回以上の所定の繰り返し回数で行い、最後に求められた前記劣化状態量を劣化状態量出力値として出力し、最後に求められた前記充電状態量を充電状態量出力値として出力し、前記劣化状態量出力値をメモリに記憶し、前記メモリに3回以上記憶された前記劣化状態量出力値の記憶回数に対する変化の傾きを求め、前記記憶回数のうちの最新の前記劣化状態量出力値が、許容範囲内にある場合には前記劣化状態出力値の前記メモリへの記憶を真値として確定する一方、前記許容範囲から外れている場合には前記最新の前記劣化状態量出力値を前記メモリから消去して再び前記充電状態量出力値と前記劣化状態量出力値を測定及び/又は算出して求めることを特徴とする蓄電池の劣化状態・充電状態の検知方法である。
また、本発明の第2の態様は、蓄電池の電圧又は電流の測定に基づいて充電状態量算出手段により前記蓄電池の充電状態量を求め、前記充電状態量に基づいて劣化状態量算出手段により前記蓄電池の劣化状態量を求めた後に、さらに、前記劣化状態量算出手段により求められた最前の前記劣化状態量に基づいて前記充電状態量算出手段により前記蓄電池の充電状態量を求め、前記充電状態量算出手段により求められた最前の前記充電状態量に基づいて前記充電劣化状態量算出手段により前記蓄電池の劣化状態量を求める処理を1回又は2回以上の所定の繰り返し回数で行い、最後に求められた前記劣化状態量を劣化状態量出力値として出力し、最後に求められた前記充電状態量を充電状態量出力値として出力し、前記メモリに3回以上記憶された前記劣化状態量出力値の記憶回数に対する変化の傾きを求め、前記記憶回数のうちの最新の前記劣化状態量出力値が、前記許容範囲から外れている場合には異常として警告を発することを特徴とする蓄電池の劣化状態・充電状態の検知方法である。
According to a first aspect of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problem, the state of charge of the storage battery is obtained by the state of charge calculation means based on measurement of the voltage or current of the storage battery, and the deterioration is based on the amount of charge. After obtaining the deterioration state quantity of the storage battery by the state quantity calculation means, the charge state quantity amount of the storage battery by the charge state quantity calculation means based on the previous deterioration state quantity obtained by the deterioration state quantity calculation means. And the process for obtaining the deterioration state quantity of the storage battery by the charge deterioration state quantity calculation means based on the previous charge state quantity obtained by the charge state quantity calculation means once or two or more predetermined repetitions Output the deterioration state quantity obtained last as a deterioration state quantity output value, and output the charge state quantity obtained last as a charge state quantity output value. Storing the state quantity output value in the memory, it obtains the inclination of the change to the number stored in the memory in more than 3 times stored the degradation state amount output values, the latest of the degradation state amount output value of said memory number When the value is within the allowable range, the storage of the deterioration state output value in the memory is determined as a true value. When the value is out of the allowable range, the latest deterioration state amount output value is determined as the memory. it is again the state of charge output value detection method of deterioration state-charge state of the storage battery characterized by Rukoto determined by measuring and / or calculating the deterioration state quantity output value is erased from.
Further, the second aspect of the present invention obtains the state of charge of the storage battery by means of charge state amount calculation means based on the measurement of the voltage or current of the storage battery, and the state of charge calculation means by means of deterioration state amount based on the amount of charge state. After obtaining the deterioration state amount of the storage battery, further, the charge state amount of the storage battery is obtained by the charge state amount calculation means based on the previous deterioration state amount obtained by the deterioration state amount calculation means, and the charge state The process for obtaining the deterioration state amount of the storage battery by the charge deterioration state amount calculation means based on the previous charge state amount obtained by the amount calculation means is performed once or twice at a predetermined number of repetitions, and finally The obtained deterioration state quantity is output as a deterioration state quantity output value, the last obtained charge state quantity is output as a charge state quantity output value, and stored in the memory three or more times. The inclination of the change of the deterioration state quantity output value with respect to the stored number of times is obtained, and if the latest deterioration state quantity output value of the stored number of times is out of the allowable range, a warning is issued as an abnormality. This is a characteristic method for detecting a deterioration state / charge state of a storage battery.

本発明の第の態様は、第1又は第2の態様において、前記充電状態量出力値もメモリに記憶することを特徴とする。
本発明の第の態様は、第1乃至第3の態様のいずれかにおいて、前記所定の繰り返し回数は、前記劣化状態量が所定範囲に収束する回数であることを特徴とする。
本発明の第の態様は、第1乃至第の態様のいずれかにおいて、充電状態量算出手段により最初に求められる前記充電状態量は、予め設定された初期値か前記メモリに記憶された前回の前記劣化状態出力値かのいずれかに基づいて補正されて求められる値であることを特徴とする。
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect, the charge state quantity output value is also stored in a memory.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to third aspects, the predetermined number of repetitions is a number of times the deterioration state quantity converges to a predetermined range.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fourth aspects, the charge state amount first obtained by the charge state amount calculating means is stored in the memory as a preset initial value or It is a value obtained by correction based on any of the previous deterioration state output values.

本発明の第の態様は、第1乃至第のいずれかの態様において、前記劣化状態量算出手段は、前記蓄電池の内部インピーダンスの測定値を前記充電状態量に基づいて補正することにより前記劣化状態量を求めることを特徴とする。
本発明の第の態様は、第の態様において、前記内部インピーダンスの前記測定値は、前記蓄電池の測定時温度下の値から所定温度下の値に補正されることを特徴とする。
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fourth aspects, the deterioration state amount calculating unit corrects the measured value of the internal impedance of the storage battery based on the charge state amount. The deterioration state quantity is obtained.
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the sixth aspect, the measured value of the internal impedance is corrected from a value under the measurement temperature of the storage battery to a value under a predetermined temperature.

本発明の第の態様は、第1乃至第のいずれかの態様において、前記充電状態量算出手段は、前記蓄電池の開回路電圧の測定値、又は該測定値を初期値若しくは最新の前記劣化状態量に基づいて補正した値を関数に代入して前記充電状態量を求めることを特徴とする。 According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to seventh aspects, the state-of-charge calculation means calculates the measured value of the open circuit voltage of the storage battery, or sets the measured value to the initial value or the latest value. The charging state quantity is obtained by substituting a value corrected based on the deterioration state quantity into a function.

本発明の第の態様は、第1乃至第のいずれかの態様において、前記充電状態量算出手段は、前記蓄電池の放電電流又は充電電流に基づいて充電状態量変化分を求め、該充電状態量変化分を最前の前記充電状態量に加算して求めた値を最新の前記劣化状態量に基づいて算出することを特徴とする。 According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to sixth aspects, the charge state amount calculating unit obtains a change in charge state amount based on a discharge current or a charge current of the storage battery, and A value obtained by adding a change in state quantity to the previous charge state quantity is calculated based on the latest deterioration state quantity.

本発明の第10の態様は、最初に蓄電池の電圧又は電流の測定に基づく一方、初回以降は前記蓄電池の劣化状態量に基づいて蓄電池の充電状態量を2回以上の所定回数で繰り返して算出し、最終の算出後に充電状態量出力値として出力する充電状態量算出手段と、前記充電状態量算出手段による算出ごとに前記充電状態量に基づいて前記蓄電池の前記劣化状態量を算出して最終の算出後に劣化状態量出力値として出力する劣化状態量算出手段と、前記所定回数で繰り返すことにより最後に求められた前記劣化状態量出力値と前記充電状態量出力値のうち少なくとも前記劣化状態量出力値を複数記憶するメモリと、前記メモリに3回以上記憶された前記劣化状態量出力値の回数に対する変化に基づいて該変化の傾きを求め、前記3回以上の前記回数のうち最新の前記劣化状態量出力値が、許容範囲内にある場合には前記劣化状態量出力値を真値として確定する一方、前記許容範囲から外れている場合には前記最新の前記劣化状態量出力値を前記メモリから消去して再び前記充電状態量出力値と前記劣化状態量出力値を求める制御手段と、を有することを特徴とする蓄電池の劣化状態・充電状態の検知装置である。 The tenth aspect of the present invention is based on the measurement of the voltage or current of the storage battery at the beginning, and after the first time, the charge state quantity of the storage battery is repeatedly calculated at a predetermined number of times twice or more based on the deterioration state quantity of the storage battery. And a charge state amount calculating means for outputting as a charge state amount output value after the final calculation, and calculating the deterioration state amount of the storage battery based on the charge state amount for each calculation by the charge state amount calculating means. A deterioration state quantity calculating means for outputting as a deterioration state quantity output value after calculation of the at least one of the deterioration state quantity output value and the charge state quantity output value obtained last by repeating the predetermined number of times. a memory for storing a plurality of output values to obtain the inclination of said change based on changes to the number of the memory in more than 3 times stored the degradation state amount output value, the three or more of the If the latest deterioration state quantity output value of the number is within an allowable range, the deterioration state quantity output value is determined as a true value, whereas if it is out of the allowable range, the latest deterioration state is output. A storage battery deterioration state / charge state detection device comprising: a control unit that erases a state amount output value from the memory and obtains the charge state amount output value and the deterioration state amount output value again. .

本発明によれば、劣化状態量の算出と充電状態量の算出は、互いに影響を及ぼす互いの状態量を互いの検知最中に2回以上の所定回数繰り返して取得して補正し合うことにより劣化状態量と充電状態量を最終的に求めるようにしたので、劣化状態量と充電状態量をほぼ同じ時点で高い精度で検知することができる。
また、劣化状態量をメモリに格納することにより前回値又は前々回値などと比較して、各状態量の検知の誤りや検知異常を検出して蓄電池の適切な管理を行うことができる。
According to the present invention, the calculation of the deterioration state quantity and the calculation of the charge state quantity are performed by repeatedly acquiring and correcting each other's state quantities that affect each other a predetermined number of times during the detection of each other. Since the deterioration state amount and the charge state amount are finally obtained, the deterioration state amount and the charge state amount can be detected with high accuracy at substantially the same time.
In addition, by storing the deterioration state quantity in the memory, it is possible to detect an error or detection abnormality of each state quantity and perform appropriate management of the storage battery as compared with the previous value or the previous time value.

以下に本発明の実施の形態に係る蓄電池の劣化状態検知、充電状態検知を行う装置を示す構成図である。   It is a block diagram which shows the apparatus which performs the deterioration state detection of the storage battery which concerns on embodiment of this invention below, and a charge state detection.

(第1の実施の形態)
図1は、本発明の第1実施形態に係る蓄電池の劣化状態検知、充電状態検知装置を示すブロック図である。
図1において、蓄電池1には、蓄電池1から負荷2に供給される電流を制御する放電回路3と、充電電力供給用の充電回路4と、開回路時の劣化状態、充電状態を測定するための劣化状態検知・充電状態検知部10とが接続されている。
(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a storage battery deterioration state detection and charge state detection device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, a storage battery 1 has a discharge circuit 3 for controlling a current supplied from the storage battery 1 to a load 2, a charging circuit 4 for supplying charging power, and a deterioration state and a charging state during open circuit. The deterioration state detection / charging state detection unit 10 is connected.

劣化状態検知・充電状態検知部10は、蓄電池1の正電極と負電極に接続されて蓄電池1の内部インピーダンスを測定する内部インピーダンス測定手段11と、内部インピーダンスのデータを記憶する内部インピーダンスメモリ部12と、内部インピーダンスメモリ部12から内部インピーダンスのデータを取得してこれを電池温度に基づいて補正する内部インピーダンス補正手段13と、蓄電池1に取り付けられた温度センサ5の出力信号に基づいて蓄電池1の温度を測定する電池温度測定手段15と、蓄電池1の電池温度のデータを記憶する電池温度メモリ部16と、蓄電池1の両電極に接続されて開回路電圧(OCV:Open Circuit Voltage)を測定するOCV測定手段17と、OCV測定手段17によるOCVの測定値を記憶するOCV値メモリ部18と、OCV値メモリ部18に記憶された実測データを内部インピーダンスの値に応じて補正するOCV値補正手段19と、OCV値補正手段19により補正されたOCVの値に基づいて充電状態量(SOC量)を算出する充電状態量算出手段20と、内部インピーダンス補正手段13から出力される内部インピーダンスデータの補正値を充電状態量に基づいてさらに補正する内部インピーダンス算出手段14とを有している。   The deterioration state detection / charge state detection unit 10 is connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the storage battery 1 to measure the internal impedance of the storage battery 1, and the internal impedance memory unit 12 stores the internal impedance data. The internal impedance correction means 13 for acquiring the internal impedance data from the internal impedance memory unit 12 and correcting the data based on the battery temperature, and the output signal of the temperature sensor 5 attached to the storage battery 1. A battery temperature measuring means 15 for measuring temperature, a battery temperature memory unit 16 for storing battery temperature data of the storage battery 1, and an open circuit voltage (OCV) connected to both electrodes of the storage battery 1 are measured. OCV measuring means 17 and an OCV value for storing the measured value of OCV by OCV measuring means 17 The memory unit 18, the OCV value correction unit 19 that corrects the actual measurement data stored in the OCV value memory unit 18 according to the value of the internal impedance, and the state of charge based on the OCV value corrected by the OCV value correction unit 19 A charging state amount calculating means 20 for calculating the amount (SOC amount), and an internal impedance calculating means 14 for further correcting the correction value of the internal impedance data output from the internal impedance correcting means 13 based on the charging state amount. ing.

上記の内部インピーダンスメモリ部12は、内部インピーダンス測定手段11の測定が初回の場合には予め記憶させておいた初期値をOCV値補正手段19に出力し、または、内部インピーダンス測定手段11の測定が2回目以降の場合には内部インピーダンス算出手段14による前回の最終補正値をOCV値補正手段19に出力し、さらに、内部インピーダンス測定手段11による内部インピーダンスの実測値を内部インピーダンス補正手段13に出力する構成を有している。この場合の内部インピーダンスの値は、予め設定された充電状態の基準量における大きさである。
内部インピーダンスは蓄電池1の劣化とともに増加するので、その値は劣化状態量として定義される。
The internal impedance memory unit 12 outputs the initial value stored in advance to the OCV value correcting unit 19 when the internal impedance measuring unit 11 performs the first measurement, or the internal impedance measuring unit 11 performs the measurement. In the second and subsequent times, the last final correction value by the internal impedance calculation unit 14 is output to the OCV value correction unit 19, and the actual measurement value of the internal impedance by the internal impedance measurement unit 11 is output to the internal impedance correction unit 13. It has a configuration. The value of the internal impedance in this case is a magnitude in a preset reference amount of the charging state.
Since the internal impedance increases with the deterioration of the storage battery 1, the value is defined as the deterioration state quantity.

また、OCV値補正手段19は、切替手段29を介して内部インピーダンスメモリ部12又は内部インピーダンス算出手段14のいずれかから内部インピーダンスの値R1を入力し、さらにOCV値メモリ部18からOCVの実測値V1を入力して、ついで図2に例示する内部インピーダンスとOCV値の関係に基づいて、蓄電池1のOCVの実測による値V1を新品時の値V0に補正する構成を有している。 The OCV value correction means 19 receives the internal impedance value R 1 from either the internal impedance memory section 12 or the internal impedance calculation means 14 via the switching means 29, and further measures the OCV value from the OCV value memory section 18. The configuration is such that the value V 1 is input, and then the value V 1 obtained by actually measuring the OCV of the storage battery 1 is corrected to the value V 0 at the time of a new battery based on the relationship between the internal impedance and the OCV value illustrated in FIG. Yes.

充電状態量算出手段20は、OCV値補正手段19からOCVの補正値を入力し、さらに図3に例示するような新品時の蓄電池1におけるOCVと充電状態(SOC:State Of Charge)の関係を示す関数にOCVの補正値を代入してSOC量を算出するとともに、その算出量を内部インピーダンス算出手段14に出力するように構成されている。また、充電状態量算出手段20により2回以上の所定回数で繰り返して算出されたSOC量の最終値は、充電状態量出力手段21を介して表示等の処理手段23とSOC量・SOH量メモリ部24とに出力される。所定回数とは、例えば劣化状態量が所定範囲に収束する回数である。   The state-of-charge calculation means 20 receives the OCV correction value from the OCV value correction means 19 and further determines the relationship between the OCV and the state of charge (SOC) in the new storage battery 1 as illustrated in FIG. The SOC amount is calculated by substituting the OCV correction value into the function shown, and the calculated amount is output to the internal impedance calculation means 14. Further, the final value of the SOC amount calculated repeatedly by the charging state amount calculating means 20 at a predetermined number of times or more is displayed on the processing means 23 such as a display and the SOC amount / SOH amount memory via the charging state amount output means 21. To the unit 24. The predetermined number of times is, for example, the number of times that the deterioration state amount converges to a predetermined range.

なお、図3に示す関数は、その変化の条件因子として蓄電池1の温度があるので、電池温度メモリ部15から温度測定値を入力してその温度の値に基づいて修正される。また、その関数は、内部インピーダンスによっても変わるので内部インピーダンス算出手段14により補正された内部インピーダンスの値によって補正されてもよい。   The function shown in FIG. 3 includes the temperature of the storage battery 1 as a condition factor of the change. Therefore, the temperature measurement value is input from the battery temperature memory unit 15 and is corrected based on the temperature value. Further, since the function also changes depending on the internal impedance, the function may be corrected by the value of the internal impedance corrected by the internal impedance calculating means 14.

内部インピーダンス補正手段13は、内部インピーダンス測定手段11により測定された蓄電池1の内部インピーダンスR1を内部インピーダンスメモリ部12を介して入力し、さらに電池温度メモリ部16から電池温度の実測値を入力するとともに、図4に例示する内部インピーダンス・温度特性に基づいて、実測温度T1下での内部インピーダンス値R1を所定温度T0(例えば常温)下での内部インピーダンス値R’に置換する補正を行い、さらに、その補正値を内部インピーダンス算出手段14に出力するような構成を有している。なお、図4は、充電状態量の基準量N0における特性である。 The internal impedance correcting means 13 inputs the internal impedance R 1 of the storage battery 1 measured by the internal impedance measuring means 11 via the internal impedance memory section 12 and further inputs the actual measured value of the battery temperature from the battery temperature memory section 16. with, based on the internal impedance and temperature characteristics illustrated in FIG. 4, the correction to replace the internal impedance value R 'of the internal impedance value R 1 predetermined temperature T 0 (e.g. room temperature) under the under the measured temperatures T 1 In addition, the correction value is output to the internal impedance calculation means 14. FIG. 4 shows the characteristics at the reference amount N 0 of the state of charge.

内部インピーダンス算出手段14は、内部インピーダンス補正手段13による補正値R’および充電状態量算出手段20による算出値Nを入力するとともに、図5に例示するような所定温度下でのSOC量と内部インピーダンス値の関係から、充電状態の基準量N0での内部インピーダンスの値R’を充電状態の算出量Nでの内部インピーダンスの値R’’に補正する構成を有している。また、内部インピーダンス算出手段14は、充電状態量算出手段20の算出回数(所定回数n)に応じて、その補正処理を繰り返して補正するとともに、その補正値を所定回数nの前の回n−1までOCV値補正手段19に切替手段29を介して出力し、さらに所定回数nでは劣化状態量出力手段22に出力するような構成を有している。 The internal impedance calculation means 14 receives the correction value R ′ from the internal impedance correction means 13 and the calculation value N 1 from the charge state quantity calculation means 20, and the SOC amount and the internal value at a predetermined temperature as illustrated in FIG. From the relationship of the impedance value, the internal impedance value R ′ at the charging state reference amount N 0 is corrected to the internal impedance value R ″ at the charging state calculation amount N 1 . Further, the internal impedance calculation unit 14 repeatedly corrects the correction process according to the number of calculations (predetermined number n) of the state of charge calculation unit 20, and sets the correction value to the number n− before the predetermined number n. 1 is output to the OCV value correction means 19 via the switching means 29, and is further output to the deterioration state quantity output means 22 for a predetermined number of times n.

劣化状態量出力手段22は、内部インピーダンスの補正値を劣化状態(SOH: State Of Health)と定義して処理手段23及びSOC量・SOH量メモリ部24に出力する。
制御手段25は、内部インピーダンス測定手段11、電池温度測定手段15、OCV測定手段17の測定のタイミングを指令し、さらに切替手段29による入力信号の選択を指令し、所定温度の値を電池温度メモリ部16に設定し、内部インピーダンスの初期値と充電状態の基準量と内部インピーダンス算出手段14による最新の算出量とを内部インピーダンスメモリ部12に書き込み、さらに、図2〜図5に示した特性を示す係数や関数を内部インピーダンス補正手段13、内部インピーダンス算出手段14、OCV値補正手段19及び充電状態量算出手段20に記憶させるとともに、内部インピーダンス算出手段14と充電状態量算出手段20の繰り返し処理回数(所定回数)を設定するように構成されている。
The deterioration state quantity output means 22 defines the correction value of the internal impedance as a deterioration state (SOH: State Of Health), and outputs it to the processing means 23 and the SOC amount / SOH amount memory unit 24.
The control unit 25 commands the measurement timing of the internal impedance measuring unit 11, the battery temperature measuring unit 15, and the OCV measuring unit 17, and further commands the selection of the input signal by the switching unit 29, and the value of the predetermined temperature is stored in the battery temperature memory. Set in the unit 16, the initial value of the internal impedance, the reference amount of the charging state, and the latest calculated amount by the internal impedance calculating means 14 are written in the internal impedance memory unit 12, and the characteristics shown in FIGS. The coefficients and functions shown are stored in the internal impedance correction means 13, the internal impedance calculation means 14, the OCV value correction means 19, and the charge state quantity calculation means 20, and the number of repetitions of the internal impedance calculation means 14 and the charge state quantity calculation means 20 is repeated. It is configured to set (predetermined number of times).

また、制御手段25は、図6に示すように、SOC量・SOH量メモリ部24に記憶された劣化状態量(内部インピーダンス値)の測定回数に対する傾きとその許容範囲の閾値を求めるとともに、新たに入力された劣化状態量のデータが許容範囲からはみ出した場合に、OCV測定手段17、電池温度測定手段15及び内部インピーダンス測定手段11等に再度の検知指令信号を出力するか、又は、異常と判断して警報をならすなどの処理を行う構成となっている。
なお、上記の初期値、充電状態基準量等の条件、各補正係数、各特性等はコンピュータのメモリに格納され、また、算出、補正等の処理は、コンピュータのメモリに格納されたプログラムに従ってCPUにより実行される。
Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the control means 25 obtains a slope of the deterioration amount (internal impedance value) stored in the SOC amount / SOH amount memory unit 24 with respect to the number of measurements and a threshold of the allowable range, and newly When the data of the deterioration state quantity input to the terminal is out of the allowable range, a detection command signal is output again to the OCV measuring means 17, the battery temperature measuring means 15, the internal impedance measuring means 11, etc. It is configured to perform processing such as making a judgment and raising an alarm.
The initial value, the condition such as the charge state reference amount, each correction coefficient, each characteristic, etc. are stored in the memory of the computer, and the processing such as calculation and correction is performed by the CPU according to the program stored in the computer memory. It is executed by.

次に、上記した劣化状態検知・充電状態検知装置10により蓄電池1の劣化状態量と充電状態量を検知する方法を図7に示すフローチャートに基づいて説明する。
まず、充電状態の基準量N0での内部インピーダンスの初期値又は前回算出値を内部インピーダンスメモリ部12に設定し、また、電池温度メモリ部16に内部インピーダンス補正に必要な所定温度T0を書き込む。さらに、図4に基づいた温度補正係数を内部インピーダンス補正手段13に設定し、また、図5に基づいた充電状態量補正係数を内部インピーダンス算出手段14に設定し、図2に基づいた内部インピーダンス補正・OCV特性をOCV値補正手段19に設定し、図3に示すOCVと充電状態の関係を示す関数を充電状態量算出手段20に設定する。これらの処理は制御手段25によって行われる(図7のイ)。
Next, a method of detecting the deterioration state amount and the charge state amount of the storage battery 1 by the above-described deterioration state detection / charge state detection device 10 will be described based on the flowchart shown in FIG.
First, the initial value or the previously calculated value of the internal impedance at the reference amount N 0 in the state of charge is set in the internal impedance memory unit 12, and the predetermined temperature T 0 required for internal impedance correction is written in the battery temperature memory unit 16. . Furthermore, the temperature correction coefficient based on FIG. 4 is set in the internal impedance correction means 13, and the charge state amount correction coefficient based on FIG. 5 is set in the internal impedance calculation means 14, and the internal impedance correction based on FIG. The OCV characteristic is set in the OCV value correcting unit 19, and the function indicating the relationship between the OCV and the charged state shown in FIG. 3 is set in the charged state amount calculating unit 20. These processes are performed by the control means 25 (a in FIG. 7).

次いで、制御手段25の指令信号により電池温度測定手段15とOCV測定手段17はそれぞれ温度とOCVの測定を行うとともに、測定された温度の測定値は温度メモリ部16に記憶され、OCV値はOCV値メモリ部18に記憶される(図7のロ、ハ)。
続いて、OCV値補正手段19は、切替手段29を介して内部インピーダンスの設定値を内部インピーダンスメモリ部12から取得した後に(図7のニ)、図2に基づく内部インピーダンス補正係数に基づいてOCV値の実測値を例えば蓄電池1の新品状態のOCV値に補正する(図7のホ)。
Next, the battery temperature measuring means 15 and the OCV measuring means 17 measure the temperature and the OCV according to the command signal of the control means 25, respectively, and the measured values of the measured temperature are stored in the temperature memory unit 16, and the OCV value is the OCV value. It is stored in the value memory unit 18 (B, C in FIG. 7).
Subsequently, the OCV value correction unit 19 acquires the set value of the internal impedance from the internal impedance memory unit 12 via the switching unit 29 (D in FIG. 7), and then, based on the internal impedance correction coefficient based on FIG. The actually measured value is corrected to, for example, the OCV value in a new state of the storage battery 1 (e in FIG. 7).

ここで、OCV値補正手段19が取得する内部インピーダンスの設定値は、内部インピーダンス測定手段11の測定が初回の場合には予め記憶させておいた初期値であり、また、内部インピーダンス測定手段11の測定が2回目以降の場合には内部インピーダンス算出手段14による前回の算出値である。
なお、図1においてOCV値メモリ部18と充電状態量算出手段20の間の破線で示すように、内部インピーダンスの設定値によるOCV値の補正を省略して、OCV値の実測値をそのまま充電状態量算出手段20に入力するようにしてもよい。
Here, the set value of the internal impedance acquired by the OCV value correcting means 19 is an initial value stored in advance when the internal impedance measuring means 11 is measured for the first time. When the measurement is performed for the second time or later, it is the previous calculated value by the internal impedance calculating means 14.
In FIG. 1, as indicated by a broken line between the OCV value memory unit 18 and the charge state amount calculation means 20, the correction of the OCV value by the set value of the internal impedance is omitted, and the actual value of the OCV value is charged as it is. You may make it input into the quantity calculation means 20. FIG.

また、内部インピーダンス補正手段13は、内部インピーダンス測定手段11により測定された(図7のヘ)蓄電池1の内部インピーダンスの最新の実測値を内部インピーダンスメモリ部12から取得し、さらに、蓄電池1の温度の実測値を電池温度メモリ部16から取得する。その内部インピーダンスの測定値は測定時の蓄電池1の実際の温度下での値であるので、内部インピーダンス補正手段13は、図4に基づく温度補正係数を用いて、内部インピーダンスの実測時の温度T1下での内部インピーダンスの値R1を所定温度T0、例えば常温下での内部インピーダンスの値R’に置換する補正を行う(図7のト)。その補正値R’は、SOCを基準量N0とした場合の値である。
なお、内部インピーダンスの測定は制御手段25の指令に従って内部インピーダンス測定手段11により行われ、その測定値は内部インピーダンスメモリ部12に記憶される(図7のへ)。
Further, the internal impedance correction means 13 acquires the latest measured value of the internal impedance of the storage battery 1 measured by the internal impedance measurement means 11 (see FIG. 7) from the internal impedance memory unit 12, and further the temperature of the storage battery 1 Is obtained from the battery temperature memory unit 16. Since the measured value of the internal impedance is a value under the actual temperature of the storage battery 1 at the time of measurement, the internal impedance correction means 13 uses the temperature correction coefficient based on FIG. Correction is performed to replace the internal impedance value R 1 under 1 with a predetermined temperature T 0 , for example, the internal impedance value R ′ at room temperature (G in FIG. 7). The correction value R ′ is a value when the SOC is the reference amount N 0 .
The internal impedance is measured by the internal impedance measuring means 11 in accordance with a command from the control means 25, and the measured value is stored in the internal impedance memory unit 12 (see FIG. 7).

一方、充電状態量算出手段20は、予め設定された図3に示すようなOCVとSOCの関係を示す関数にOCV値補正手段19によるOCVの補正値又は実測値を代入して第1のSOC量N1を算出する(図7のホ、チ)。
次に、内部インピーダンス算出手段14は、図5に示すような所定温度T0での内部インピーダンスとSOCの関係を示す補正係数を用いて新たな内部インピーダンスを算出する(図7のリ)。これにより、内部インピーダンス補正手段13から入力したSOC量N0での内部インピーダンスの補正値R’は、さらに第1のSOC量N1における内部インピーダンスの値R’’に補正される。
On the other hand, the state-of-charge calculation unit 20 substitutes the OCV correction value or the actual measurement value by the OCV value correction unit 19 into a preset function indicating the relationship between the OCV and the SOC as shown in FIG. The amount N 1 is calculated (e and h in FIG. 7).
Next, the internal impedance calculation means 14 calculates a new internal impedance using a correction coefficient indicating the relationship between the internal impedance and the SOC at the predetermined temperature T 0 as shown in FIG. 5 (re in FIG. 7). Thereby, the correction value R ′ of the internal impedance at the SOC amount N 0 inputted from the internal impedance correction means 13 is further corrected to the internal impedance value R ″ at the first SOC amount N 1 .

続いて、OCV値補正手段19は、内部インピーダンス算出手段14から出力された内部インピーダンスの補正値R’’を用いて、OCVの実測値を改めて補正して、そのOCVの補正値を充電状態量算出手段20に出力する(図7のヌ、ホ)。   Subsequently, the OCV value correction unit 19 corrects the actual measured value of the OCV again using the correction value R ″ of the internal impedance output from the internal impedance calculation unit 14, and converts the OCV correction value into the charge state quantity. It outputs to the calculation means 20 (nu of FIG. 7, e).

充電状態量算出手段20は、さらにOCVの補正値に基づいて第2のSOC量N2を算出し、その算出値を内部インピーダンス算出手段14に出力する(図7のチ)。そのSCO量の算出値を取得した内部インピーダンス算出手段14は、内部インピーダンス補正手段13からの出力値について2回目の補正を行って第2の内部インピーダンス補正値R’’’を出力する(図7のリ)。 The state of charge calculation means 20 further calculates the second SOC amount N 2 based on the OCV correction value, and outputs the calculated value to the internal impedance calculation means 14 (H in FIG. 7). The internal impedance calculation unit 14 that has acquired the calculated value of the SCO amount performs the second correction on the output value from the internal impedance correction unit 13 and outputs the second internal impedance correction value R ′ ″ (FIG. 7). )

以上のように充電状態量算出手段20が所定回数の算出を行い、さらに算出された充電状態量に基づいて内部インピーダンス算出手段14が所定回数の補正を行った後に(図7のル、ヲ)、制御手段25は、内部インピーダンス算出手段14からの所定回数の最後の出力を劣化状態量(SOH量)と定義して劣化状態量算出手段22を介してSOC量・SOH量メモリ部24と処理手段23の双方に出力させる(図7のワ)とともに、充電状態量算出手段20からの所定回数の最後の出力を充電状態量として充電状態量出力手段21を介してSOC量・SOH量メモリ部24と処理手段23の双方に出力させる(図7のカ)。
なお、劣化状態量出力手段22から劣化状態量が出力されることにより、OCV値メモリ部18はOCV値のデータを消去する。
As described above, after the charging state quantity calculation means 20 calculates a predetermined number of times, and after the internal impedance calculation means 14 corrects the predetermined number of times based on the calculated charging state quantity (L, W in FIG. 7). The control means 25 defines the final output of the predetermined number of times from the internal impedance calculation means 14 as a deterioration state quantity (SOH quantity), and performs processing with the SOC amount / SOH amount memory section 24 via the deterioration state quantity calculation means 22. Both of the means 23 are output (W in FIG. 7), and the last output of the predetermined number of times from the charge state quantity calculating means 20 is used as the charge state quantity via the charge state quantity output means 21, and the SOC amount / SOH amount memory unit 24 and the processing means 23 (FIG. 7).
The OCV value memory unit 18 erases the data of the OCV value by outputting the deterioration state amount from the deterioration state amount output means 22.

この後に、制御手段25は、例えば図6に示すように、測定回数を横軸に、劣化状態量を縦軸にとり、過去の測定値の回数、好ましくは3回以上の回数のプロットに基づいてその変化を示す近似線を求め、さらに最新の測定値が近似線aを含む一定の許容範囲(閾値bの範囲)内に存在するか又は収束するかどうかを判断し、その最新の検知量がその許容範囲から外れている場合には異常値として、その最新の検知量をSOC量・SOH量メモリ部24から排除して、再び劣化状態量と充電状態量を検知する操作を行わせる(図7のタ)。異常値が出た場合の強制的な再測定は1回以上行わせる。
例えば、環境条件が−30℃における5時間率容量5.5Ahの鉛シール蓄電池では、蓄電池劣化末期において内部インピーダンス(劣化状態量)の増加が2mΩ/月である場合に、検知量が近似線から仮に5mΩ以上離れていれば1ヶ月後の測定値としては異常であると見なせるので、再検知を行わせる。
なお、異常値が出る場合には、警報を鳴らす、表示を行うなどの警告を発するといった再測定以外の処理を行ってもよい。
Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6, for example, the control means 25 takes the number of measurements on the horizontal axis and the deterioration state quantity on the vertical axis, and based on a plot of the number of past measured values, preferably three times or more. An approximate line indicating the change is obtained, and it is determined whether the latest measured value is within a certain allowable range including the approximate line a (the range of the threshold value b) or converges. If the value is outside the allowable range, the latest detected amount is excluded from the SOC amount / SOH amount memory unit 24 as an abnormal value, and an operation for detecting the deterioration state amount and the charge state amount is performed again (see FIG. 7). Forcibly re-measurement in case of outliers is performed at least once.
For example, in a lead-seal battery with a 5-hour rate capacity of 5.5 Ah at −30 ° C., when the increase in internal impedance (deterioration state quantity) is 2 mΩ / month at the end of battery deterioration, the detected amount is If the distance is 5 mΩ or more, the measured value after one month can be regarded as abnormal, and re-detection is performed.
When an abnormal value appears, processing other than re-measurement such as sounding an alarm or issuing a warning such as displaying may be performed.

一方、劣化状態量が許容範囲内の場合には、SOC量・SOH量メモリ部24に記憶された劣化状態量を真値として確定する。
以上のような劣化状態量の検知と充電状態量の検知を行う際に、互いに影響を及ぼす検知を互いに同列で設定し、互いの検知最中のデータを繰り返して取得して補正し合うことにより劣化状態量と充電状態量を最終的に求めるようにしている。
On the other hand, when the deterioration state amount is within the allowable range, the deterioration state amount stored in the SOC amount / SOH amount memory unit 24 is determined as a true value.
When detecting the deterioration state quantity and the charge state quantity as described above, the detections that affect each other are set in the same row, and the data during the mutual detection is repeatedly acquired and corrected. The deterioration state quantity and the charge state quantity are finally obtained.

これにより、劣化状態量と充電状態量をほぼ同じ時点で高い精度で検知することができる。
また、劣化状態量をメモリ部、即ち記憶媒体に格納することにより前回値又は前々回値などと比較して、各状態量の検知の誤りや検知異常を検出して蓄電池の適切な管理を行うことができる。
Thereby, the deterioration state quantity and the charge state quantity can be detected with high accuracy at substantially the same time.
In addition, by storing the deterioration state quantity in the memory unit, that is, the storage medium, comparing the previous value or the previous time value, etc., detection errors and detection abnormalities of each state quantity are detected, and appropriate storage battery management is performed. Can do.

(第2の実施の形態)
図8は、本発明の第2実施形態に係る蓄電池劣化検知、充電状態検知装置を示すブロック図である。図8において、図1と同じ符号は同じ要素を示している。
図8において、蓄電池1には放電回路3を介して負荷2が接続され、さらに充電回路4と劣化状態検知・充電状態検知部30が接続されている。また、充電回路4と蓄電池1の間には第1の電流計6が接続され、さらに、負荷2と蓄電池1の間には第2の電流計7が接続されている。
(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a storage battery deterioration detection and charge state detection device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 8, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same elements.
In FIG. 8, a load 2 is connected to the storage battery 1 via a discharge circuit 3, and a charging circuit 4 and a deterioration state detection / charge state detection unit 30 are further connected. A first ammeter 6 is connected between the charging circuit 4 and the storage battery 1, and a second ammeter 7 is connected between the load 2 and the storage battery 1.

劣化状態検知・充電状態検知部30は、第1実施形態に示したと同様に、内部インピーダンス測定手段11、内部インピーダンスメモリ部12、内部インピーダンス補正手段13、内部インピーダンス算出手段14、電池温度測定手段15、電池温度メモリ部16、切替手段29、充電状態量出力手段21及び劣化状態量出力手段22を有している。
また、蓄電池劣化状態検知・充電状態検知部30は、第1、第2の電流計6、7により検出される受電電流、放電電流と時間の積により時間分の充電量の変化分と受電状態量の変化分を求める充電量変化分算出手段31と、充電状態量の変化分を内部インピーダンスの値に応じて補正し、これによって補正された充電状態量の変化分をSOC量・SOH量メモリ部24に記憶された前回の充電状態量に加算してSOC量として出力する充電状態量算出手段32とを有している。
As in the first embodiment, the degradation state detection / charge state detection unit 30 includes an internal impedance measurement unit 11, an internal impedance memory unit 12, an internal impedance correction unit 13, an internal impedance calculation unit 14, and a battery temperature measurement unit 15. The battery temperature memory unit 16, the switching unit 29, the charge state amount output unit 21, and the deterioration state amount output unit 22 are provided.
In addition, the storage battery deterioration state detection / charge state detection unit 30 is configured so that the amount of change in the amount of charge and the power reception state by the product of the received current, discharge current and time detected by the first and second ammeters 6 and 7 Charge amount change calculation means 31 for obtaining a change in amount, and a change in the charge state amount is corrected according to the value of the internal impedance, and the change in the charge state amount thus corrected is stored in the SOC amount / SOH amount memory. And a state-of-charge calculation unit 32 that outputs the amount of SOC added to the previous state-of-charge stored in the unit 24.

充電状態量算出手段32は、切替手段29を介して内部インピーダンスメモリ部12又は内部インピーダンス算出手段14のいずれかからその内部インピーダンスの値を入力するとともに、算出したSOC量を内部インピーダンス算出手段14へ出力するように構成されている。
また、充電状態量算出手段32により2回以上の所定回数で繰り返して補正されたSOC量の最終値は、充電状態量出力手段21を介して処理手段23とSOC量・SOH量メモリ部24とに出力される。
The state-of-charge calculating unit 32 inputs the value of the internal impedance from either the internal impedance memory unit 12 or the internal impedance calculating unit 14 via the switching unit 29 and supplies the calculated SOC amount to the internal impedance calculating unit 14. It is configured to output.
Further, the final value of the SOC amount corrected repeatedly by the charging state amount calculating means 32 at a predetermined number of times or more is processed by the processing means 23 and the SOC amount / SOH amount memory unit 24 via the charging state amount output means 21. Is output.

次に、上記の劣化状態検知・充電状態検知装置10により蓄電池1の劣化状態量と充電状態量を検知する方法を図9に示すフローチャートに基づいて説明する。
まず、第1実施形態で説明したように、内部インピーダンス補正手段13は内部インピーダンスメモリ部12に記憶された測定値を温度補正する(図9のイ、ハ、ヘ、ト)。
その補正値は、第1実施形態と同様に、充電状態量算出手段32から出力されるSOC量に基づいて第2のインピーダンス算出手段14によってさらに補正され、この補正が所定回数繰り返して行われた後に、劣化状態量と定義されて劣化状態量出力手段22から出力される(図9のリ、ヲ、ワ)。
Next, a method of detecting the deterioration state amount and the charge state amount of the storage battery 1 by the above-described deterioration state detection / charge state detection device 10 will be described based on the flowchart shown in FIG.
First, as described in the first embodiment, the internal impedance correction unit 13 corrects the temperature of the measurement value stored in the internal impedance memory unit 12 (a, c, and h in FIG. 9).
The correction value is further corrected by the second impedance calculation means 14 based on the SOC amount output from the charge state quantity calculation means 32, as in the first embodiment, and this correction was repeated a predetermined number of times. Later, it is defined as a deterioration state quantity and is output from the deterioration state quantity output means 22 (re, w, w in FIG. 9).

また、充電量変化分算出手段31は、第1、第2の電流計6,7により計測された放電電流又は充電電流と時間との積により時間分の充電量の変化分、及び充電状態量の変化分を算出する(図9のロ、ホ)。この場合、放電電流の変化分はマイナス、充電電流の変化分はプラスとして表される。
ところで、蓄電池1の劣化状態に従い蓄電池1の満充電時容量が変化するので、充電量変化分算出手段31により算出された充電状態量の変化分は、さらに内部インピーダンスメモリ部12から出力される内部インピーダンスの初期値又は前回値に基づいて充電状態量算出手段32により補正される(図9のチ)。なお、初期値による補正を省略してもよい。
Further, the charge amount change calculation means 31 includes a change in the charge amount for the time based on the product of the discharge current or the charge current and the time measured by the first and second ammeters 6 and 7, and the charge state amount. Is calculated (B, E in FIG. 9). In this case, the change amount of the discharge current is expressed as negative, and the change amount of the charging current is expressed as positive.
By the way, since the capacity at the time of full charge of the storage battery 1 changes according to the deterioration state of the storage battery 1, the amount of change in the state of charge calculated by the charge amount change calculation means 31 is further output from the internal impedance memory unit 12. Based on the initial value or the previous value of the impedance, the state of charge calculation unit 32 corrects the value (h in FIG. 9). Note that the correction by the initial value may be omitted.

補正された充電状態量変化分は、充電状態量算出手段32において、SOC量・SOH量メモリ部21に記憶された初期値又は前回の充電状態量算出値に加算され、これにより充電状態量算出手段32は新たな充電状態量を算出する(図9のヨ)。なお、前回の充電状態量は、SOC量・SOH量メモリ部24に記憶されたデータから制御手段25によって内部インピーダンスメモリ部12に書き込まれている。   The corrected charge state amount change is added to the initial value or the previous charge state amount calculation value stored in the SOC amount / SOH amount memory unit 21 in the charge state amount calculation means 32, thereby calculating the charge state amount. The means 32 calculates a new charge state quantity (Y in FIG. 9). Note that the previous state of charge amount is written in the internal impedance memory unit 12 by the control means 25 from the data stored in the SOC amount / SOH amount memory unit 24.

その充電状態量の新たな算出値は内部インピーダンス算出手段14により取得される。そして、内部インピーダンス算出手段14は、その充電状態量に基づいて内部インピーダンスを補正し、その補正量を切替手段29を介して充電状態量算出手段32に出力する(図9のリ)。
それらの充電状態量は、充電状態量算出手段32により所定回数算出され、所定回数の終わりには充電状態量出力手段21を介して出力される(図9のヨ、ル、カ)。
A new calculated value of the state of charge is acquired by the internal impedance calculation means 14. Then, the internal impedance calculation unit 14 corrects the internal impedance based on the state of charge, and outputs the correction amount to the state of charge calculation unit 32 via the switching unit 29 (see FIG. 9).
These charge state quantities are calculated a predetermined number of times by the charge state quantity calculating means 32, and are output via the charge state quantity output means 21 at the end of the predetermined number of times (Y, LE, F in FIG. 9).

以上の処理により算出された劣化状態量と充電状態量は、第1実施形態と同様にSOC量・SOH量メモリ部24、処理手段23に出力される(図9のカ、ワ)。
さらに、制御手段25は、第1実施形態と同様に、測定回数を横軸に、劣化状態量を縦軸にとり、過去の測定値の回数、好ましくは3回以上の回数のプロットに基づいてその変化を示す近似線を求め、さらに最新の測定値が近似線を含む一定の許容範囲内に存在するか又は収束するかどうかを判断し、その最新の検知量がその許容範囲から外れている場合には異常値として、その最新の検知量をSOC量・SOH量メモリ部24から排除して、再び劣化状態量と充電状態量を検知する操作を行わせる(図9のタ、レ)。異常値が出た場合の強制的な再測定は1回以上行わせる。なお、異常値が出た場合には、警告を発するなどの再測定以外の処理を行ってもよい。
The deterioration state amount and the charge state amount calculated by the above processing are output to the SOC amount / SOH amount memory unit 24 and the processing means 23 as in the first embodiment (F, W in FIG. 9).
Further, as in the first embodiment, the control means 25 takes the number of measurements on the horizontal axis and the deterioration state quantity on the vertical axis, and based on a plot of the number of past measured values, preferably three times or more. When an approximate line indicating change is obtained, and it is determined whether the latest measured value is within a certain allowable range including the approximate line or converges, and the latest detected amount is out of the allowable range As the abnormal value, the latest detected amount is excluded from the SOC amount / SOH amount memory unit 24, and an operation of detecting the deterioration state amount and the charge state amount is performed again (see FIG. 9). Forcibly re-measurement in case of outliers is performed at least once. If an abnormal value appears, processing other than remeasurement such as issuing a warning may be performed.

一方、劣化状態量が許容範囲内の場合には、SOC量・SOH量メモリ部24に記憶された劣化状態量を真値として確定する。
以上のような劣化状態量の検知と充電状態量の検知は、互いに影響を及ぼす互いの状態量を互いの検知最中に繰り返して取得して補正し合うことにより劣化状態量と充電状態量を最終的に求めるようにしている。
これにより、劣化状態量と充電状態量をほぼ同じ時点で高い精度で検知することができる。
On the other hand, when the deterioration state amount is within the allowable range, the deterioration state amount stored in the SOC amount / SOH amount memory unit 24 is determined as a true value.
The detection of the deterioration state quantity and the detection of the charge state quantity as described above are performed by repeatedly acquiring and correcting each other's state quantities that influence each other during the mutual detection. I finally ask for it.
Thereby, the deterioration state quantity and the charge state quantity can be detected with high accuracy at substantially the same time.

また、劣化状態量をメモリ部、即ち記憶媒体に格納することにより前回値又は前々回値などと比較して、各状態量の検知の誤りや検知異常を検出して蓄電池の適切な管理を行うことができる。
上述したように、劣化状態の検知及び充電状態検知には、各々の測定値が相互に影響を及ぼすものであり、双方の検知(測定値)が一義的に決定されるものではなく、温度及び相手側の検知情報によって決定されるが、各状態量は相互に条件として用いられるため、ユーザが満足できる程度の高い精度が得られることになる。
In addition, by storing the deterioration state quantity in the memory unit, that is, the storage medium, comparing the previous value or the previous time value, etc., detection errors and detection abnormalities of each state quantity are detected, and appropriate storage battery management is performed. Can do.
As described above, in the detection of the deterioration state and the detection of the charging state, each measurement value has an influence on each other, and both detections (measurement values) are not uniquely determined. Although it is determined by the detection information of the other party, each state quantity is used as a condition for each other, so that high accuracy that can be satisfied by the user is obtained.

図1は、本発明の第1実施形態に係る蓄電池劣化状態検知・充電状態検知装置の構成を示すブロック図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a storage battery deterioration state detection / charge state detection device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 図2は、本発明の実施形態に係る蓄電池劣化状態検知・充電状態検知装置の検知対象となる蓄電池の内部インピーダンスと開回路電圧の関係を示す特性図である。FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the internal impedance and the open circuit voltage of the storage battery that is the detection target of the storage battery deterioration state detection / charge state detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention. 図3は、本発明の実施形態に係る蓄電池劣化状態検知・充電状態検知装置の検知対象となる蓄電池の充電状態と開回路電圧の関係を示す特性図である。FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the state of charge of the storage battery to be detected by the storage battery deterioration state detection / charge state detection device and the open circuit voltage according to the embodiment of the present invention. 図4は、本発明の実施形態に係る蓄電池劣化状態検知・充電状態検知装置の検知対象となる蓄電池の温度と内部インピーダンスの関係を示す特性図である。FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the temperature and internal impedance of a storage battery that is a detection target of the storage battery deterioration state detection / charge state detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention. 図5は、本発明の実施形態に係る蓄電池劣化状態検知・充電状態検知装置の検知対象となる蓄電池の内部インピーダンスと充電状態量の関係を示す特性図である。FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the internal impedance and the state of charge of a storage battery to be detected by the storage battery deterioration state detection / charge state detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention. 図6は、本発明の実施形態に係る蓄電池劣化状態検知・充電状態検知装置により検知された劣化状態量の測定回数に対する変化と、新たに測定された劣化状態測定量が異常となる例を示す特性図である。FIG. 6 illustrates an example in which the deterioration state quantity detected by the storage battery deterioration state detection / charge state detection apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is changed with respect to the number of measurements, and the newly measured deterioration state measurement quantity is abnormal. FIG. 図7は、本発明の第1実施形態に係る蓄電池劣化状態検知・充電状態検知方法を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a storage battery deterioration state detection / charge state detection method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 図8は、本発明の第2実施形態に係る蓄電池劣化状態検知・充電状態検知装置の構成を示すブロック図である。FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a storage battery deterioration state detection / charge state detection device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 図9は、本発明の第2実施形態に係る蓄電池劣化状態検知・充電状態検知方法を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a storage battery deterioration state detection / charge state detection method according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1:蓄電池
2:負荷
3:放電回路
4:充電回路
5:温度センサ
6,7:電流計
10:劣化状態検知・充電状態検知部
11:内部インピーダンス測定手段
12:内部インピーダンスメモリ部
13:内部インピーダンス補正手段
14:内部インピーダンス算出手段
15:温度測定手段
16:電池温度メモリ部
17:OCV測定手段
18:OCV値メモリ部
19:OCV値補正手段
20:充電状態量算出手段
21:充電状態量出力手段
22:劣化状態量出力手段
24:SOC量・SOH量メモリ部
25:制御手段
30:劣化状態検知・充電状態検知部
31:充電状態量変化分算出手段
32:充電状態量算出手段
1: storage battery 2: load 3: discharge circuit 4: charging circuit 5: temperature sensor 6, 7: ammeter 10: degradation state detection / charge state detection unit 11: internal impedance measuring means 12: internal impedance memory unit 13: internal impedance Correction means 14: Internal impedance calculation means 15: Temperature measurement means 16: Battery temperature memory section 17: OCV measurement means 18: OCV value memory section 19: OCV value correction means 20: Charge state quantity calculation means 21: Charge state quantity output means 22: Degradation state amount output means 24: SOC amount / SOH amount memory unit 25: Control unit 30: Deterioration state detection / charge state detection unit 31: Charge state amount change calculation unit 32: Charge state amount calculation unit

Claims (10)

蓄電池の電圧又は電流の測定に基づいて充電状態量算出手段により前記蓄電池の充電状態量を求め、前記充電状態量に基づいて劣化状態量算出手段により前記蓄電池の劣化状態量を求めた後に、
さらに、前記劣化状態量算出手段により求められた最前の前記劣化状態量に基づいて前記充電状態量算出手段により前記蓄電池の充電状態量を求め、前記充電状態量算出手段により求められた最前の前記充電状態量に基づいて前記充電劣化状態量算出手段により前記蓄電池の劣化状態量を求める処理を1回又は2回以上の所定の繰り返し回数で行い、
最後に求められた前記劣化状態量を劣化状態量出力値として出力し、最後に求められた前記充電状態量を充電状態量出力値として出力し、
前記劣化状態量出力値をメモリに記憶し、
前記メモリに3回以上記憶された前記劣化状態量出力値の記憶回数に対する変化の傾きを求め、
前記記憶回数のうちの最新の前記劣化状態量出力値が、許容範囲内にある場合には前記劣化状態出力値の前記メモリへの記憶を真値として確定する一方、前記許容範囲から外れている場合には前記最新の前記劣化状態量出力値を前記メモリから消去して再び前記充電状態量出力値と前記劣化状態量出力値を測定及び/又は算出して求める
ことを特徴とする蓄電池の劣化状態・充電状態の検知方法。
After obtaining the charge state amount of the storage battery by the charge state amount calculation means based on the measurement of the voltage or current of the storage battery, and after obtaining the deterioration state amount of the storage battery by the deterioration state amount calculation means based on the charge state amount,
Furthermore, the charge state quantity of the storage battery is obtained by the charge state quantity calculation means based on the previous deterioration state quantity obtained by the deterioration state quantity calculation means, and the forefront of the charge state quantity calculation means obtained by the charge state quantity calculation means. The process for obtaining the deterioration state amount of the storage battery by the charge deterioration state amount calculation means based on the charge state amount is performed once or twice at a predetermined number of repetitions,
Output the deterioration state quantity obtained last as a deterioration state quantity output value, output the charge state quantity obtained last as a charge state quantity output value,
Storing the deterioration state quantity output value in a memory ;
Find the slope of the change with respect to the number of storage times of the deterioration state output value stored three times or more in the memory,
If the latest deterioration state amount output value of the number of times of storage is within the allowable range, the storage of the deterioration state output value in the memory is determined as a true value, but is out of the allowable range. In this case, the latest degradation state quantity output value is erased from the memory, and the charge state quantity output value and the degradation state quantity output value are again measured and / or calculated. To detect deterioration / charge state of storage battery.
蓄電池の電圧又は電流の測定に基づいて充電状態量算出手段により前記蓄電池の充電状態量を求め、前記充電状態量に基づいて劣化状態量算出手段により前記蓄電池の劣化状態量を求めた後に、
さらに、前記劣化状態量算出手段により求められた最前の前記劣化状態量に基づいて前記充電状態量算出手段により前記蓄電池の充電状態量を求め、前記充電状態量算出手段により求められた最前の前記充電状態量に基づいて前記充電劣化状態量算出手段により前記蓄電池の劣化状態量を求める処理を1回又は2回以上の所定の繰り返し回数で行い、
最後に求められた前記劣化状態量を劣化状態量出力値として出力し、最後に求められた前記充電状態量を充電状態量出力値として出力し、
前記メモリに3回以上記憶された前記劣化状態量出力値の記憶回数に対する変化の傾きを求め、
前記記憶回数のうちの最新の前記劣化状態量出力値が、前記許容範囲から外れている場合には異常として警告を発する
ことを特徴とする蓄電池の劣化状態・充電状態の検知方法。
After obtaining the charge state amount of the storage battery by the charge state amount calculation means based on the measurement of the voltage or current of the storage battery, and after obtaining the deterioration state amount of the storage battery by the deterioration state amount calculation means based on the charge state amount,
Furthermore, the charge state quantity of the storage battery is obtained by the charge state quantity calculation means based on the previous deterioration state quantity obtained by the deterioration state quantity calculation means, and the forefront of the charge state quantity calculation means obtained by the charge state quantity calculation means. The process for obtaining the deterioration state amount of the storage battery by the charge deterioration state amount calculation means based on the charge state amount is performed once or twice at a predetermined number of repetitions,
Output the deterioration state quantity obtained last as a deterioration state quantity output value, output the charge state quantity obtained last as a charge state quantity output value,
Find the slope of the change with respect to the number of storage times of the deterioration state output value stored three times or more in the memory,
Recently the deterioration state quantity output value, the method of detecting the deterioration state-charged state of battery characterized in that a warning as if they deviate from the allowable range abnormality of said storage times.
前記充電状態量出力値もメモリに記憶することを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の劣化状態・充電状態の検知方法。 Method of detecting the deterioration state-charged state according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the storing also the memory the state of charge output value. 前記所定の繰り返し回数は、前記劣化状態量が所定範囲に収束する回数であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれか1つに記載の蓄電池の劣化状態・充電状態の検知方法。 The method of detecting a deterioration state / charge state of a storage battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the predetermined number of repetitions is the number of times the deterioration state amount converges to a predetermined range. . 充電状態量算出手段により最初に求められる前記充電状態量は、予め設定された初期値か前記メモリに記憶された前回の前記劣化状態出力値かのいずれかに基づいて補正されて求められる値であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項のいずれか1つに記載の蓄電池の劣化状態・充電状態の検知方法。 The state of charge obtained first by the state of charge amount calculating means is a value obtained by correcting based on either a preset initial value or the previous deterioration state output value stored in the memory. method of detecting the deterioration state-charged state of the battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that. 前記劣化状態量算出手段は、前記蓄電池の内部インピーダンスの測定値を前記充電状態量に基づいて補正することにより前記劣化状態量を求めることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項のいずれか1つに記載の蓄電池の劣化状態・充電状態の検知方法。 The degradation state quantity calculating means is any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that determining the deteriorated state quantity by correcting based on the measured value of the internal impedance of the battery in the state of charge A method for detecting a deterioration state / charge state of a storage battery according to one of the above. 前記内部インピーダンスの前記測定値は、前記蓄電池の測定時温度下の値から所定温度下の値に補正されることを特徴とする請求項に記載の蓄電池の劣化状態・充電状態の検知方法。 The method according to claim 6 , wherein the measured value of the internal impedance is corrected from a value under the measurement temperature of the storage battery to a value under a predetermined temperature. 前記充電状態量算出手段は、前記蓄電池の開回路電圧の測定値、又は該測定値を初期値若しくは最新の前記劣化状態量に基づいて補正した値を関数に代入して前記充電状態量を求めることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項のいずれか1つに記載の蓄電池の劣化状態・充電状態の検知方法。 The charge state quantity calculating means obtains the charge state quantity by substituting a measured value of the open circuit voltage of the storage battery or a value obtained by correcting the measured value based on an initial value or the latest deteriorated state quantity into a function. The method for detecting a deterioration state / charge state of a storage battery according to any one of claims 1 to 7 . 前記充電状態量算出手段は、前記蓄電池の放電電流又は充電電流に基づいて充電状態量変化分を求め、該充電状態量変化分を最前の前記充電状態量に加算して求めた値を最新の前記劣化状態量に基づいて算出することを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項のいずれか1つに記載の蓄電池の劣化状態・充電状態の検知方法。 The charging state quantity calculating means obtains a charging state quantity change based on the discharge current or charging current of the storage battery, and adds the charging state quantity change to the previous charging state quantity to obtain the latest value. method of detecting the deterioration state-charged state of the battery according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and calculates, based on the deterioration state quantity. 最初に蓄電池の電圧又は電流の測定に基づく一方、初回以降は前記蓄電池の劣化状態量に基づいて蓄電池の充電状態量を2回以上の所定回数で繰り返して算出し、最終の算出後に充電状態量出力値として出力する充電状態量算出手段と、
前記充電状態量算出手段による算出ごとに前記充電状態量に基づいて前記蓄電池の前記劣化状態量を算出して最終の算出後に劣化状態量出力値として出力する劣化状態量算出手段と、
前記所定回数で繰り返すことにより最後に求められた前記劣化状態量出力値と前記充電状態量出力値のうち少なくとも前記劣化状態量出力値を複数記憶するメモリと、
前記メモリに3回以上記憶された前記劣化状態量出力値の回数に対する変化に基づいて該変化の傾きを求め、前記3回以上の前記回数のうち最新の前記劣化状態量出力値が、許容範囲内にある場合には前記劣化状態量出力値を真値として確定する一方、前記許容範囲から外れている場合には前記最新の前記劣化状態量出力値を前記メモリから消去して再び前記充電状態量出力値と前記劣化状態量出力値を求める制御手段と、
を有することを特徴とする蓄電池の劣化状態・充電状態の検知装置。
First, based on the measurement of the voltage or current of the storage battery, after the first calculation, the storage state quantity of the storage battery is repeatedly calculated at a predetermined number of times two or more based on the deterioration state quantity of the storage battery. A state-of-charge calculation means for outputting as an output value;
A deterioration state amount calculating means for calculating the deterioration state amount of the storage battery based on the charge state amount for each calculation by the charge state amount calculating means and outputting as a deterioration state amount output value after the final calculation;
A memory that stores at least a plurality of the deterioration state amount output values among the deterioration state amount output value and the charge state amount output value that are finally obtained by repeating the predetermined number of times;
The inclination of the change is obtained based on the change with respect to the number of times of the deterioration state quantity output value stored three times or more in the memory, and the latest deterioration state quantity output value of the three or more times is within an allowable range. If it is within the range, the deterioration state quantity output value is determined as a true value, while if it is out of the allowable range, the latest deterioration state quantity output value is erased from the memory and again the charge state Control means for obtaining a quantity output value and the deterioration state quantity output value;
A device for detecting a deteriorated state / charged state of a storage battery, characterized by comprising:
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