JP5169942B2 - 積層体 - Google Patents
積層体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5169942B2 JP5169942B2 JP2009077117A JP2009077117A JP5169942B2 JP 5169942 B2 JP5169942 B2 JP 5169942B2 JP 2009077117 A JP2009077117 A JP 2009077117A JP 2009077117 A JP2009077117 A JP 2009077117A JP 5169942 B2 JP5169942 B2 JP 5169942B2
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- Prior art keywords
- layer
- copolymer
- ctfe
- laminate
- fluorine
- Prior art date
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- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 176
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrifluoroethylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)Cl UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 90
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 53
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 43
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- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 429
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 65
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 29
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 26
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 26
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- KHXKESCWFMPTFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoro-3-(1,2,2-trifluoroethenoxy)propane Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)OC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F KHXKESCWFMPTFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isooctane Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C)C NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-hexane Natural products CCCCCC(C)C JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- MMCOUVMKNAHQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-L oxido carbonate Chemical compound [O-]OC([O-])=O MMCOUVMKNAHQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
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- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 description 4
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- YPVDWEHVCUBACK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propoxycarbonyloxy propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OOC(=O)OCCC YPVDWEHVCUBACK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001124 (E)-prop-1-ene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- BLTXWCKMNMYXEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trifluoro-2-(trifluoromethoxy)ethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)OC(F)(F)F BLTXWCKMNMYXEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004341 Octafluorocyclobutane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229940091181 aconitic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 3
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- GTZCVFVGUGFEME-IWQZZHSRSA-N cis-aconitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C\C(C(O)=O)=C\C(O)=O GTZCVFVGUGFEME-IWQZZHSRSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-NSCUHMNNSA-N mesaconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C/C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylfumaric acid Natural products OC(=O)C(C)=CC(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BCCOBQSFUDVTJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octafluorocyclobutane Chemical compound FC1(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C1(F)F BCCOBQSFUDVTJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-aconitic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)=CC(O)=O GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFMIQNJMJJKICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trichloro-2-fluoroethene Chemical group FC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl LFMIQNJMJJKICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AYKYXWQEBUNJCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylfuran-2,5-dione Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)OC1=O AYKYXWQEBUNJCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFNISBHGPNMTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylideneoxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound C=C1CC(=O)OC1=O OFNISBHGPNMTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- TZYHIGCKINZLPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N azepan-2-one;hexane-1,6-diamine;hexanedioic acid Chemical compound NCCCCCCN.O=C1CCCCCN1.OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O TZYHIGCKINZLPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- NOBYOEQUFMGXBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-tert-butylcyclohexyl) (4-tert-butylcyclohexyl)oxycarbonyloxy carbonate Chemical compound C1CC(C(C)(C)C)CCC1OC(=O)OOC(=O)OC1CCC(C(C)(C)C)CC1 NOBYOEQUFMGXBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FDLQZKYLHJJBHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC(CN)=C1 FDLQZKYLHJJBHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Y10T428/1379—Contains vapor or gas barrier, polymer derived from vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride, or polymer containing a vinyl alcohol unit
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
Description
CX3X4=CX1(CF2)nX2 (i)
(式中、X1、X3及びX4は、同一若しくは異なって、水素原子又はフッ素原子を表し、X2は、水素原子、フッ素原子又は塩素原子を表し、nは、1〜10の整数を表す。)で表されるフルオロオレフィン、
下記一般式(ii)
CF2=CF−ORf1 (ii)
(式中、Rf1は、炭素数1〜8のパーフルオロアルキル基を表す。)で表されるPAVE、
及び、下記一般式(iii)
CF2=CF−OCH2−Rf2 (iii)
(式中、Rf2は、炭素数1〜5のパーフルオロアルキル基)で表されるアルキルパーフルオロビニルエーテル誘導体等が挙げられる。
H2C=CX5Rf3 (iv)
(式中、X5は、H、F又はCF3であり、Rf3は、炭素数1〜10のパーフルオロアルキル基である。)で表される(パーフルオロアルキル)エチレン等が挙げられる。
CX6 2=CY1−(R1)n−Z1 (v)
(式中、Z1は、ヒドロキシル基、カルボニル基又はアミノ基を有する官能基を表し、X6及びY1は、同一又は異なって、水素原子若しくはフッ素原子を表し、R1は、水素原子の一部又は全部がフッ素原子に置換されていてもよい、炭素数1〜40のアルキレン基、炭素数1〜40のオキシアルキレン基、エーテル結合を有する炭素数2〜40のアルキレン基、又は、エーテル結合を有する炭素数2〜40のオキシアルキレン基を表し、nは、0又は1を表す。)で表される不飽和化合物が好ましい。本明細書において、上記「ヒドロキシル基、カルボニル基又はアミノ基を有する官能基」とは、ヒドロキシル基であってもよいし、カルボニル基であってもよいし、アミノ基であってもよいし、これらの接着機能性官能基の何れかを有する官能基であってもよいことを意味する。
末端基の個数(上記炭素数1×106個あたり)=(l×K)/t
l:吸光度
K:補正係数
t:フィルム厚(mm)
対象となる末端基の補正係数を表1に示す。
CF2=CF−Rf5 (vi)
(式中、Rf5は、CF3又はORf6を表し、Rf6は、炭素数1〜5のパーフルオロアルキル基を表す。)で表されるパーフルオロ単量体に由来するパーフルオロ単量体単位からなる共重合体が挙げられる。上記パーフルオロ単量体単位は、1種であってもよいし、2種以上であってもよい。
(III−I)TFE単位70〜95モル%、好ましくは85〜93モル%、HFP単位5〜30モル%、好ましくは7〜15モル%の共重合体、
(III−II)TFE単位70〜95モル%、下記一般式(vii)
CF2=CF−ORf7 (vii)
(式中、Rf7は、炭素数1〜5のパーフルオロアルキル基を表す。)で表されるPAVE単位の1種又は2種以上との合計5〜30モル%からなる共重合体、
(III−III)TFE単位70〜95モル%、HFP単位と上記一般式(vii)で表されるPAVE単位の1種又は2種以上との合計が5〜30モル%の共重合体、
等が挙げられる。
CX9X10=CX7(CF2)nX8 (viii)
(式中、X7、X9及びX10は、同一若しくは異なって、水素原子又はフッ素原子を表し、X8は、水素原子、フッ素原子又は塩素原子を表し、nは、1〜10の整数を表す。)で表されるフルオロオレフィン、下記一般式(ix)
CF2=CF−ORf8 (ix)
(式中、Rf8は、炭素数1〜5のパーフルオロアルキル基を表す。)で表されるPAVE等が挙げられ、これらの1種又は2種以上を用いてもよい。
(IV−I)TFE単位30〜70モル%、Et単位20〜55モル%及び上記一般式(viii)で表されるフルオロオレフィンに由来するフルオロオレフィン単位0〜10モル%からなる共重合体、
(IV−II)TFE単位30〜70モル%、Et単位20〜55モル%、HFP単位1〜30モル%及びこれらと共重合可能な単量体に由来する単位0〜10モル%からなる共重合体、
(IV−III)TFE単位30〜70モル%、Et単位20〜55モル%及び上記一般式(ix)で表されるPAVEに由来するPAVE単位0〜10モル%からなる共重合体、
等が挙げられる。
(V−I)フッ化ビニリデン単独重合体(本明細書においてポリフッ化ビニリデン〔PVdF〕ということがある。)、
(V−II)VdF単位30〜99モル%、及び、TFE単位1〜70モル%からなる共重合体、
(V−III)VdF単位10〜90モル%、TFE単位0〜90モル%、及び、トリクロロフルオロエチレン単位0〜30モル%からなる共重合体、
(V−IV)VdF単位10〜90モル%、TFE単位0〜90モル%、及び、HFP単位0〜30モル%からなる共重合体、
等が挙げられる。
チューブ、ホース類;自動車燃料用チューブ若しくは自動車燃料用ホース等の燃料用チューブ又は燃料用ホース、溶剤用チューブ又は溶剤用ホース、塗料用チューブ又は塗料用ホース(プリンタ用途含む)、自動車のラジエーターホース、エアコンホース、ブレーキホース、電線被覆材、飲食物用チューブ又は飲食物用ホース、ガソリンスタンド用地下埋設チューブ若しくはホース、海底油田用チューブ若しくはホース(インジェクションチューブ、原油移送チューブ含む)等
ボトル、容器、タンク類;自動車のラジエータータンク、ガソリンタンク等の燃料用タンク、溶剤用タンク、塗料用タンク、半導体用薬液容器等の薬液容器、飲食物用タンク等
その他;キャブレターのフランジガスケット、燃料ポンプのOリング等の各種自動車用シール、油圧機器のシール等の各種機械関係シール、ギア、医療用チューブ(カテーテル含む)、索道管等
層1:接着機能性官能基を有するCTFE共重合体からなる層
層2:ポリアミド系樹脂からなる層
からなる積層体;
層1:接着機能性官能基を有するCTFE共重合体からなる層
層2:接着機能性官能基を有するCTFE共重合体からなる層
層3:ポリアミド系樹脂からなる層
からなる積層体;
層1:接着機能性官能基を有するCTFE共重合体からなる層
層2:エチレン/ビニルアルコール共重合体からなる樹脂層
層3:変性ポリオレフィン樹脂からなる層
層4:高密度ポリオレフィン樹脂からなる層
からなる積層体;
等が挙げられる。
層1:含フッ素エチレン性重合体(導電性フィラーを配合したものであってもよい)からなる層
層2:CTFE共重合体からなる層
層3:ポリアミド系樹脂からなる層
からなる積層体が挙げられ、なかでも、
層1:共重合体(III)(導電性フィラーを配合したものであってもよい)からなる層
層2:接着機能性官能基を有するCTFE共重合体からなる層
層3:ポリアミド系樹脂からなる層
からなる積層体が挙げられる。
層1:含フッ素エチレン性重合体(導電性フィラーを配合したものであってもよい)からなる層
層2:ポリアミド系樹脂からなる層
層3:CTFE共重合体からなる層
層4:ポリアミド系樹脂からなる層
からなる積層体が挙げられ、なかでも、
層1:共重合体(IV)(導電性フィラーを配合したものであってもよい)からなる層
層2:ポリアミド系樹脂からなる層
層3:接着機能性官能基を有するCTFE共重合体からなる層
層4:ポリアミド系樹脂からなる層
からなる積層体が好ましく、とりわけ、
層1:共重合体(IV−II)(導電性フィラーを配合したものであってもよい)からなる層
層2:ポリアミド系樹脂からなる層
層3:接着機能性官能基を有するCTFE共重合体からなる層
層4:ポリアミド系樹脂からなる層
からなる積層体が挙げられる。
水174kgを収容できるジャケット付攪拌式重合槽に、脱ミネラルした純水 51.5kgを仕込み、内部空間を純窒素ガスで充分置換した後、窒素ガスを真空で排除した。次いでオクタフルオロシクロブタン40.6kg、クロロトリフルオロエチレン〔CTFE〕1.3kg、テトラフルオロエチレン〔TFE〕4.5kg、パーフルオロ(プロピルビニルエーテル)〔PPVE〕2.8kgを圧入した。連鎖移動剤としてn−プロピルアルコール〔PrOH〕0.075kgを添加して、温度を35℃に調節し、攪拌を開始した。ここへ重合開始剤としてジ−n−プロピルパーオキシジカーボネート〔NPP〕の50質量%メタノール溶液を0.44kg添加して重合を開始した。重合中には、所望の共重合体組成と同組成に調製した混合モノマーを、槽内圧力が0.66MPaを維持するように追加仕込みしながら重合した後、槽内の残存ガスを排気して生成したポリマーを取り出し、脱ミネラルした純水で洗浄し、乾燥させて30.5kgの粒状粉末のCTFE共重合体を得た。次いでφ50mm単軸押出し機を用いてシリンダー温度290℃で溶融混練を行い、ペレットを得た。次いで得られたペレット状のCTFE共重合体を190℃で24時間加熱した。
初期のモノマーおよび連鎖移動剤量、開始剤仕込み量をクロロトリフルオロエチレン〔CTFE〕1.4kg、テトラフルオロエチレン〔TFE〕4.5kg、パーフルオロ(プロピルビニルエーテル)〔PPVE〕2.8kg、〔PrOH〕0.042kg、〔NPP〕の50質量%メタノール溶液を0.44kgとした以外は合成例1と同様にして重合行い28.4kgの粒状粉末のCTFE共重合体を得た。また合成例1と同様の溶融混練および加熱を行い、ペレットを得た。
初期のモノマーおよび連鎖移動剤量、開始剤仕込み量をクロロトリフルオロエチレン〔CTFE〕1.1kg、テトラフルオロエチレン〔TFE〕4.5kg、パーフルオロ(プロピルビニルエーテル)〔PPVE〕2.8kg、〔PrOH〕0.080kg、〔NPP〕の50質量%メタノール溶液を0.44kgとした以外は合成例1と同様にして重合行い30.5kgの粒状粉末のCTFE共重合体を得た。また合成例1と同様の溶融混練および加熱を行い、ペレットを得た。
初期のモノマーおよび連鎖移動剤量、開始剤仕込み量をクロロトリフルオロエチレン〔CTFE〕1.6kg、テトラフルオロエチレン〔TFE〕4.5kg、パーフルオロ(プロピルビニルエーテル)〔PPVE〕2.8kg、〔PrOH〕0.090kg、〔NPP〕の50質量%メタノール溶液を0.44kgとした以外は合成例1と同様にして重合行い30.5kgの粒状粉末のCTFE共重合体を得た。また合成例1と同様の溶融混練および加熱を行い、ペレットを得た。
水174kgを収容できるジャケット付攪拌式重合槽に、脱ミネラルした純水 51.5kgを仕込み、内部空間を純窒素ガスで充分置換した後、窒素ガスを真空で排除した。次いでオクタフルオロシクロブタン87kg、クロロトリフルオロエチレン〔CTFE〕8.4kg、テトラフルオロエチレン〔TFE〕で重合槽内を0.67Mpaまで昇圧した後、パーフルオロ(プロピルビニルエーテル)〔PPVE〕4.3kgを圧入し、連鎖移動剤としてn−プロピルアルコール〔PrOH〕0.13kgを添加して、温度を35℃に調節し、攪拌を開始した。ここへ重合開始剤としてジ−n−プロピルパーオキシジカーボネート〔NPP〕の50質量%メタノール溶液を0.2kg添加して重合を開始した。重合中には、所望の共重合体組成と同組成に調製した混合モノマーを、槽内圧力が0.67MPaを維持するように追加仕込みしながら重合した後、槽内の残存ガスを排気して生成したポリマーを取り出し、脱ミネラルした純水で洗浄し、乾燥させて20kgの粒状粉末のCTFE共重合体を得た。次いでφ50mm単軸押出し機を用いてシリンダー温度270℃で溶融混練を行い、ペレットを得た。次いで得られたペレット状のCTFE共重合体を190℃で24時間加熱した。
初期のモノマーおよび連鎖移動剤量、開始剤仕込み量をクロロトリフルオロエチレン〔CTFE〕1.3kg、テトラフルオロエチレン〔TFE〕4.5kg、パーフルオロ(プロピルビニルエーテル)〔PPVE〕2.8kg、〔PrOH〕0.020kg、〔NPP〕の50質量%メタノール溶液を0.44kgとした以外は合成例1と同様にして重合行い30.5kgの粒状粉末のCTFE共重合体を得た。また合成例1と同様の溶融混練および加熱を行い、ペレットを得た。
初期のモノマーおよび連鎖移動剤量、開始剤仕込み量をクロロトリフルオロエチレン〔CTFE〕1.3kg、テトラフルオロエチレン〔TFE〕4.5kg、パーフルオロ(プロピルビニルエーテル)〔PPVE〕2.8kg、〔PrOH〕0.108kg、〔NPP〕の50質量%メタノール溶液を0.44kgとした以外は合成例1と同様にして重合行い30.5kgの粒状粉末のCTFE共重合体を得た。また合成例1と同様の溶融混練および加熱を行い、ペレットを得た。
初期のモノマーおよび連鎖移動剤量、開始剤仕込み量をクロロトリフルオロエチレン〔CTFE〕1.0kg、テトラフルオロエチレン〔TFE〕4.5kg、パーフルオロ(プロピルビニルエーテル)〔PPVE〕2.8kg、〔PrOH〕0.110kg、〔NPP〕の50質量%メタノール溶液を0.44kgとした以外は合成例1と同様にして重合行い30.5kgの粒状粉末のCTFE共重合体を得た。また合成例1と同様の溶融混練および加熱を行い、ペレットを得た。
水174kgを収容できるジャケット付攪拌式重合槽に、脱ミネラルした純水 51.5kgを仕込み、内部空間を純窒素ガスで充分置換した後、窒素ガスを真空で排除した。次いでオクタフルオロシクロブタン87kg、クロロトリフルオロエチレン〔CTFE〕8.4kg、テトラフルオロエチレン〔TFE〕で重合槽内を0.67Mpaまで昇圧した後、パーフルオロ(プロピルビニルエーテル)〔PPVE〕4.3kgを圧入し、温度を35℃に調節し、攪拌を開始した。ここへ重合開始剤としてジ−n−プロピルパーオキシジカーボネート〔NPP〕の50質量%メタノール溶液を0.2kg添加して重合を開始した。重合中には、所望の共重合体組成と同組成に調製した混合モノマーを、槽内圧力が0.67MPaを維持するように追加仕込みしながら重合した後、槽内の残存ガスを排気して生成したポリマーを取り出し、脱ミネラルした純水で洗浄し、乾燥させて20kgの粒状粉末のCTFE共重合体を得た。次いでφ50mm単軸押出し機を用いてシリンダー温度270℃で溶融混練を行い、ペレットを得た。次いで得られたペレット状のCTFE共重合体を190℃で24時間加熱した。
共重合体の白色粉末又は溶融押出ペレットの切断片を室温で圧縮成形し、厚さ50〜200μmのフィルムを作成した。このフィルムの赤外吸収スペクトル分析によってカーボネート基〔−OC(=O)O−〕のカルボニル基由来のピークが1817cm−1〔ν(C=O)〕の吸収波長に現れるので、そのν(C=O)ピークの吸光度を測定し、下記式により共重合体の主鎖炭素数106個あたりの個数を算出した。
末端基の個数(炭素数1×106個あたり)=(l×K)/t
l:吸光度
K:補正係数 (−OC(=O)O−R:1426)
t:フィルム厚(mm)
合成例の共重合体組成は19F−NMRおよび塩素の元素分析測定より求めた。
セイコー型示差走査熱量計〔DSC〕を用い、10℃/分の速度で昇温したときの融解ピークを記録し、極大値に対応する温度を融点(Tm)とした。
メルトインデクサー(東洋精機製作所社製)を用い、測定温度297℃において、5kg荷重下で内径2mm、長さ8mmのノズルから単位時間(10分間)あたりに流出するポリマーの質量(g)を測定した。
チューブ状の積層体の各層に用いる共重合体のペレットを、それぞれ、直径120mmの金型に入れ、300℃に加熱したプレス機にセットし、約2.9MPaの圧力で溶融プレスして、厚さ0.15mmのシートを得た。CE10(イソオクタンとトルエンとの容量比50:50の混合物にエタノール10容量%を混合した燃料)を18ml投入した内径40mmφ、高さ20mmのSUS316製の透過係数測定用カップに得られたシートを入れ、60℃における質量変化を1000時間まで測定した。時間あたりの質量変化、接液部のシートの表面積及びシートの厚さから燃料透過係数(g・mm/m2/day)を算出した結果を表2に示す。
マルチマニホールドTダイを装着した2種2層フィルムの押出し装置(プラスチック工学研究所製)を用いて、外層がポリアミド12(商品名:Vestamid X7297、Degussa Huls AG社製)、内層が合成例1〜9のCTFE共重合体となるように2台の押出し機にそれぞれ供給して、表3に示す押出条件により、外径8mm、内径6mmの2種2層の多層チューブを成形した。得られた多層チューブについて、以下の方法により層間接着強度及び燃料透過速度を測定した。成形条件及び評価結果を表3に示す。
ライン速度を5m/min、8m/min、15m/minと変更して表3に示す構成の多層チューブ成形を行った。得られたチューブについて、内面および外面のメルトフラクチャーの発生状態を確認し、発生した場合は×を、発生しなかった場合は○をそれぞれ表3に示す。
チューブ状の積層体から1cm幅のテストピースを切り取り、テンシロン万能試験機を用いて、25mm/分の速度で180°剥離試験を行い、伸び量−引張強度グラフにおける極大5点平均を初期接着強度(N/cm)として求めた。全ての実施例および比較例に示されるチューブ状の積層体において、層間接着力が30N/cm以上であることを確認した。
チューブ状の積層体を40cmの長さにカットし、容量120mlのSUS316製リザーバータンクをスエージロックで取りつけ、SAE J 1737に準じてCE10の60℃での透過量を測定し、チューブ状の積層体の肉厚より、燃料透過速度(g/m2/day)を算出した。測定結果が2.5以下であった場合は○を、2.5を超えた場合は×とした。結果を表3に示す。
長さ15cmのチューブ状の積層体を半分に縦割り後、CM15に浸漬すると同時にチューブを半径5cmに曲げ10分後にCM15より取り出して最内層の表面のクラック発生を観た。クラックが発生した場合には×を、発生しなかった場合には○とした。結果を表3に示す。
合成例1〜9のCTFE共重合体を、それぞれ融点より50℃高い成形温度、5MPaの成形圧力にて圧縮成形することにより得られた厚み0.1〜0.2mmのシートを用い、ASTM D638に準拠して試験片を作成した。作成した試験片についてテンシロン万能試験機を用いて100mm/minの速度で引張試験を行い、引張弾性率を求めた。測定結果を表3に示す。
Claims (5)
- クロロトリフルオロエチレン共重合体からなる層(C)及びフッ素非含有有機材料からなる層(K)を有する積層体であって、
前記クロロトリフルオロエチレン共重合体は、メルトフローレートが15.0〜40.0(g/10分)であり、クロロトリフルオロエチレン単位を全単量体単位の15.0〜25.0モル%含有する
ことを特徴とする積層体。 - クロロトリフルオロエチレン共重合体は、クロロトリフルオロエチレン単位、テトラフルオロエチレン単位、並びに、クロロトリフルオロエチレン及びテトラフルオロエチレンと共重合可能な単量体(M)に由来する単量体(M)単位から構成されるものである請求項1記載の積層体。
- クロロトリフルオロエチレン共重合体からなる層(C)及びフッ素非含有有機材料からなる層(K)と、更に含フッ素エチレン性重合体からなる層(J)とを有する積層体であって、前記含フッ素エチレン性重合体は、1つの前記積層体において前記層(C)における前記クロロトリフルオロエチレン共重合体とは異なるものであり、前記層(J)、前記層(C)及び前記層(K)はこの順に積層していることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の積層体。
- フッ素非含有有機材料は、ポリアミド系樹脂及びポリオレフィン系樹脂からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種である請求項1、2又は3記載の積層体。
- 燃料用チューブである請求項1、2、3又は4記載の積層体。
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