JP5135256B2 - Engine mechanical governor - Google Patents
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- JP5135256B2 JP5135256B2 JP2009042382A JP2009042382A JP5135256B2 JP 5135256 B2 JP5135256 B2 JP 5135256B2 JP 2009042382 A JP2009042382 A JP 2009042382A JP 2009042382 A JP2009042382 A JP 2009042382A JP 5135256 B2 JP5135256 B2 JP 5135256B2
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Description
本発明は、エンジンのメカニカルガバナに関し、詳しくは、スプリング係止部等の耐摩耗性が高いエンジンのメカニカルガバナに関する。 The present invention relates to an engine mechanical governor, and more particularly, to an engine mechanical governor having high wear resistance such as a spring locking portion.
従来、調速レバーのスプリング基端係止部材にガバナスプリングのスプリング基端フックを係止させ、ガバナレバーのスプリング先端係止部材にガバナスプリングのスプリング先端フックを係止させたエンジンのメカニカルガバナがある(例えば、特許文献１)。
この種のメカニカルガバナによれば、ガバナスプリングのガバナスプリング力とガバナ力との力の釣り合いで燃料調量部を調量制御することができる利点がある。
この従来技術では、ガバナレバーのスプリング先端係止部の素材には浸炭焼き入れ処理等を行うことができない強度保証鋼が用いられ、ガバナスプリングにはバネ特性の狂いを防止する等の観点から、浸炭焼き入れ処理等は行われていない。
Conventionally, there is an engine mechanical governor in which a spring proximal end hook of a governor spring is engaged with a spring proximal end engaging member of a governor lever, and a spring distal end hook of a governor lever is engaged with a spring distal end hook of a governor lever. (For example, patent document 1).
According to this type of mechanical governor, there is an advantage that the fuel metering unit can be metered and controlled by the balance between the governor spring force and the governor force of the governor spring.
In this prior art, strength-guaranteed steel that cannot be carburized and quenched is used for the material of the spring tip locking portion of the governor lever, and the governor spring is immersed from the standpoint of preventing the spring characteristics from deviating. Charcoal quenching is not performed.
《問題》 スプリング先端係止部等の耐摩耗性が十分に得られない場合がある。
従来、ガバナレバーのスプリング先端係止部の素材には浸炭焼き入れ処理等を行うことができない強度保証鋼が用いられ、ガバナスプリングにはバネ特性の狂いを防止する等の観点から、浸炭焼き入れ処理等は行われていないので、スプリング先端係止部とスプリング先端フックの各接触部分の耐摩耗性が十分に得られない場合がある。
このため、経時的に上記各接触部分が磨耗し、ガバナスプリング力が低下し、出力低下を起こすことがある。
なお、上記各接触部分の磨耗を避けるため、スプリング先端係止部にカラーを取り付けることや、ガバナスプリングの線径を大きくして上記各接触部分の面圧を下げることも考えられる。しかし、前者では部品点数が増加し、後者ではガバナスプリング力の増加に伴ってメカニカルガバナが大型化する問題が起こる。
<Problem> The wear resistance of the spring tip locking part or the like may not be sufficiently obtained.
Conventionally, strength-guaranteed steel, which cannot be carburized and quenched, is used as the material for the spring tip locking part of the governor lever, and carburizing and quenching is used for the governor spring from the viewpoint of preventing the spring characteristics from going wrong. Therefore, the wear resistance of each contact portion between the spring tip locking portion and the spring tip hook may not be sufficiently obtained.
For this reason, each said contact part wears out with time, and governor spring force may fall and it may cause output fall.
In addition, in order to avoid wear of each said contact part, attaching a collar | collar to a spring front-end | tip locking part, enlarging the wire diameter of a governor spring and reducing the surface pressure of each said contact part are also considered. However, in the former, the number of parts increases, and in the latter, there is a problem that the mechanical governor increases in size as the governor spring force increases.
本発明の課題は、スプリング係止部等の接触部分の耐摩耗性を高めることができるエンジンのメカニカルガバナを提供することにある。 The subject of this invention is providing the mechanical governor of the engine which can improve the abrasion resistance of contact parts, such as a spring latching | locking part.
本発明者らは、スプリング係止部材とガバナスプリングに各種素材を用い、これに各種熱処理や表面処理を施し、表面組織や表面硬さの異なる各種接触部分の組み合わせで耐摩耗性実験を実施した結果、最も耐磨耗性に優れた接触部分の組み合わせを発見し、この発明に至った。 The present inventors used various materials for the spring locking member and the governor spring, applied various heat treatments and surface treatments thereto, and conducted wear resistance experiments with combinations of various contact portions having different surface structures and surface hardnesses. As a result, a combination of contact portions having the most excellent wear resistance was discovered, and the present invention was achieved.
(請求項１，２，４に共通する発明特定事項)
図１(Ａ)に例示するように、調速レバー(１)のスプリング基端係止部材(２)にガバナスプリング(３)のスプリング基端フック(４)を係止させ、ガバナレバー(５)のスプリング先端係止部材(６)にガバナスプリング(３)のスプリング先端フック(７)を係止させた、エンジンのメカニカルガバナにおいて、
(請求項１に固有の発明特定事項)
図１(Ａ)(Ｂ)に例示するように、ガバナスプリング(３)には、窒化処理により、スプリング先端フック(７)の表面部分に窒化層(８)を形成したものを用い、
スプリング先端係止部材(６)には、鋼材の浸炭焼き入れ処理により、表面部分に浸炭層(９)を形成したものを用い、この浸炭層(９)にスプリング先端フック(７)の窒化層(８)を接触させ、
ガバナレバー(５)には、鋼材の板金を曲げ加工したもの用い、
スプリング先端係止部材(６)には、これを取り付けたガバナレバー(５)と一緒に浸炭焼き入れ処理したものを用いた、ことを特徴とするエンジンのメカニカルガバナ。
(請求項２に固有の発明特定事項)
図１(Ａ)(Ｂ)に例示するように、ガバナスプリング(３)には、窒化処理により、スプリング先端フック(７)の表面部分に窒化層(８)を形成したものを用い、
スプリング先端係止部材(６)には、光輝焼き入れ処理により、表面部分に光輝硬質層を形成したものを用い、この光輝硬質層にスプリング先端フック(７)の窒化層(８)を接触させた、ことを特徴とするエンジンのメカニカルガバナ。
(Invention specific matters common to
As illustrated in FIG. 1A, the spring proximal end hook member (2) of the governor lever (1) is engaged with the spring proximal end hook (4) of the governor spring (3), and the governor lever (5) In the mechanical governor of the engine, the spring tip hooking member (7) of the governor spring (3) is locked to the spring tip locking member (6) of the engine.
(Invention specific matter specific to claim 1)
As illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the governor spring (3) is formed by forming a nitride layer (8) on the surface portion of the spring tip hook (7) by nitriding,
As the spring tip locking member (6), a carburized layer (9) formed on the surface by carburizing and quenching of steel is used, and a nitrided layer of the spring tip hook (7) is formed on the carburized layer (9). (8) is contacted,
For the governor lever (5), use a bent steel sheet metal.
A mechanical governor for an engine, wherein the spring tip locking member (6) is carburized and quenched together with a governor lever (5) to which the spring tip locking member (6) is attached.
(Invention specific matter specific to claim 2)
As illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the governor spring (3) is formed by forming a nitride layer (8) on the surface portion of the spring tip hook (7) by nitriding,
The spring tip locking member (6) uses a bright hard layer formed on the surface portion by bright quenching treatment, and the nitride hard layer (8) of the spring tip hook (7) is brought into contact with this bright hard layer. The engine's mechanical governor.
(請求項４に固有の発明特定事項)
図１(Ａ)(Ｃ)に例示するように、ガバナスプリング(３)には、窒化処理により、スプリング基端フック(４)の表面部分に窒化層(８)を形成したものを用い、
スプリング基端係止部材(２)には、光輝焼き入れ処理により、表面部分に光輝硬質層を形成したものを用い、この光輝硬質層にスプリング基端フック(４)の窒化層(８)を接触させた、ことを特徴とするエンジンのメカニカルガバナ。
(Invention specific matter specific to claim 4)
As illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1C, the governor spring (3) is formed by forming a nitride layer (8) on the surface portion of the spring proximal hook (4) by nitriding,
As the spring base end locking member (2), a member having a bright hard layer formed on the surface portion by bright quenching is used, and a nitride layer (8) of the spring base hook (4) is formed on the bright hard layer. An engine mechanical governor characterized by being brought into contact with each other.
(請求項１に係る発明)
請求項１に係る発明は、次の効果を奏する。
《効果》 スプリング先端係止部等の耐摩耗性を高めることができる。
図１(Ａ)(Ｂ)に例示するように、ガバナスプリング(３)には、窒化処理により、スプリング先端フック(７)の表面部分に窒化層(８)を形成したものを用い、スプリング先端係止部材(６)には、鋼材の浸炭焼き入れ処理により、表面部分に浸炭層(９)を形成したものを用い、この浸炭層(９)にスプリング先端フック(７)の窒化層(８)を接触させたので、スプリング先端係止部材(６)とスプリング先端フック(７)の各接触部分の耐摩耗性を高めることができる。
このため、この各接触部分の経時的な磨耗が抑制され、ガバナスプリング力(３ａ)の低下による出力低下が起こりにくい。
各接触部分の耐摩耗性を高めることができる理由は明確ではないが、窒化層(８)と浸炭層(９)の金属組織同士の相性がよく、相互になじみやすいことに加え、窒化層(８)から浸炭層(９)に力が加わることにより、浸炭層(９)を構成するオーステナイト組織が変態によって硬化し、窒化層(８)の硬さに適合する硬さのマルテンサイト組織に変化するためではないかと推定される。
(Invention of Claim 1)
The invention according to
<Effect> It is possible to improve the wear resistance of the spring tip locking portion and the like.
As illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the governor spring (3) is formed by forming a nitride layer (8) on the surface portion of the spring tip hook (7) by nitriding, As the locking member (6), a carburized layer (9) formed on the surface by carburizing and quenching of steel is used, and the nitrided layer (8) of the spring tip hook (7) is formed on the carburized layer (9). ) Are brought into contact with each other, the wear resistance of each contact portion of the spring tip locking member (6) and the spring tip hook (7) can be improved.
For this reason, the wear of each contact portion with time is suppressed, and a decrease in output due to a decrease in the governor spring force (3a) hardly occurs.
The reason why the wear resistance of each contact portion can be improved is not clear, but the metal structures of the nitrided layer (8) and the carburized layer (9) are compatible with each other and are easily compatible with each other. When a force is applied from 8) to the carburized layer (9), the austenite structure constituting the carburized layer (9) is hardened by transformation and changes to a martensitic structure having a hardness suitable for the hardness of the nitrided layer (8). It is presumed that
《効果》 部品点数を増加させる必要がない。
図１(Ａ)(Ｂ)に例示するように、ガバナスプリング(３)とスプリング先端係止部材(６)の熱処理に基づいて、各接触部分の耐摩耗性を高めるので、スプリング先端係止部材(６)にカラーを取り付ける場合と異なり、部品点数を増加させる必要がない。
<Effect> It is not necessary to increase the number of parts.
As illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the wear resistance of each contact portion is enhanced based on the heat treatment of the governor spring (3) and the spring tip locking member (6). Unlike the case of attaching a collar to (6), there is no need to increase the number of parts.
《効果》 メカニカルガバナの大型化を避けることができる。
図１(Ａ)(Ｂ)に例示するように、ガバナスプリング(３)とスプリング先端係止部材(６)の熱処理に基づいて、各接触部分の耐摩耗性を高めるので、ガバナスプリング(３)の線径を大きくする場合と異なり、ガバナスプリング力(３ａ)が増加せず、メカニカルガバナ(１５)の大型化を避けることができる。
《効果》 メカニカルガバナを安価に製造することができる。
ガバナレバー(５)には、鋼材の板金を曲げ加工したもの用い、スプリング先端係止部材(６)には、これを取り付けたガバナレバー(５)と一緒に浸炭焼き入れ処理したものを用いたので、簡素な熱処理による低廉部品で、メカニカルガバナ(１５)を安価に製造することができる。
<Effect> An increase in size of the mechanical governor can be avoided.
As illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the wear resistance of each contact portion is enhanced based on the heat treatment of the governor spring (3) and the spring tip locking member (6). Unlike the case where the wire diameter is increased, the governor spring force (3a) does not increase, and an increase in the size of the mechanical governor (15) can be avoided.
<< Effect >> A mechanical governor can be manufactured at low cost.
Since the governor lever (5) is a bent steel plate, and the spring tip locking member (6) is carburized and hardened together with the governor lever (5) to which it is attached. The mechanical governor (15) can be manufactured at low cost with low-cost parts by simple heat treatment.
(請求項２に係る発明)(Invention of Claim 2)
請求項２に係る発明は、次の効果を奏する。The invention according to
《効果》 スプリング先端係止部等の耐摩耗性を高めることができる。<Effect> It is possible to improve the wear resistance of the spring tip locking portion and the like.
図１(Ａ)(Ｂ)に例示するように、ガバナスプリング(３)には、窒化処理により、スプリング先端フック(７)の表面部分に窒化層(８)を形成したものを用い、スプリング先端係止部材(６)には、光輝焼き入れ処理により、表面部分に光輝硬質層を形成したものを用い、この光輝硬質層にスプリング先端フック(７)の窒化層(８)を接触させたので、スプリング先端係止部材(６)とスプリング先端フック(７)の各接触部分の耐摩耗性を高めることができる。 As illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the governor spring (3) is formed by forming a nitride layer (8) on the surface portion of the spring tip hook (7) by nitriding, As the locking member (6), a surface in which a bright hard layer is formed by bright quenching treatment is used, and the nitride hard layer (8) of the spring tip hook (7) is brought into contact with this bright hard layer. The wear resistance of each contact portion between the spring tip locking member (6) and the spring tip hook (7) can be improved.
このため、この各接触部分の経時的な磨耗が抑制され、ガバナスプリング力(３ａ)の低下による出力低下が起こりにくい。 For this reason, the wear of each contact portion with time is suppressed, and a decrease in output due to a decrease in the governor spring force (3a) hardly occurs.
各接触部分の耐摩耗性を高めることができる理由は明確ではないが、窒化層(８)と光輝硬質層の金属組織同士の相性がよく、相互になじみやすいことに加え、窒化層(８)から光輝硬質層に力が加わることにより、光輝硬質層を構成するオーステナイト組織が変態によって硬化し、窒化層(８)の硬さに適合する硬さのマルテンサイト組織に変化するためではないかと推定される。 Although the reason why the wear resistance of each contact portion can be improved is not clear, the nitride layer (8) and the bright hard layer have good compatibility with each other and are easily compatible with each other. In addition, the nitride layer (8) It is estimated that the austenite structure constituting the bright hard layer is hardened by transformation and changes to a martensitic structure having a hardness suitable for the hardness of the nitrided layer (8) by applying force to the bright hard layer from Is done.
《効果》 部品点数を増加させる必要がない。 <Effect> It is not necessary to increase the number of parts.
図１(Ａ)(Ｂ)に例示するように、ガバナスプリング(３)とスプリング先端係止部材(６)の熱処理に基づいて、各接触部分の耐摩耗性を高めるので、スプリング先端係止部材(６)にカラーを取り付ける場合と異なり、部品点数を増加させる必要がない。 As illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the wear resistance of each contact portion is enhanced based on the heat treatment of the governor spring (3) and the spring tip locking member (6). Unlike the case of attaching a collar to (6), there is no need to increase the number of parts.
《効果》 メカニカルガバナの大型化を避けることができる。 <Effect> An increase in size of the mechanical governor can be avoided.
図１(Ａ)(Ｂ)に例示するように、ガバナスプリング(３)とスプリング先端係止部材(６)の熱処理に基づいて、各接触部分の耐摩耗性を高めるので、ガバナスプリング(３)の線径を大きくする場合と異なり、ガバナスプリング力(３ａ)が増加せず、メカニカルガバナ(１５)の大型化を避けることができる。 As illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the wear resistance of each contact portion is enhanced based on the heat treatment of the governor spring (3) and the spring tip locking member (6). Unlike the case where the wire diameter is increased, the governor spring force (3a) does not increase, and an increase in the size of the mechanical governor (15) can be avoided.
(請求項３に係る発明)(Invention of Claim 3)
請求項３に係る発明は、請求項２に係る発明の効果に加え、次の効果を奏する。 The invention according to
《効果》 メカニカルガバナを安価に製造することができる。 << Effect >> A mechanical governor can be manufactured at low cost.
ガバナレバー(５)には、鋼材の板金を曲げ加工したもの用い、スプリング先端係止部材(６)には、これを取り付けたガバナレバー(５)と一緒に光輝焼き入れ処理したものを用いたので、簡素な熱処理による低廉部品で、メカニカルガバナ(１５)を安価に製造することができる。 Since the governor lever (5) is a steel sheet metal bent, and the spring tip locking member (6) is a material that is brightly quenched together with the governor lever (5) to which it is attached. The mechanical governor (15) can be manufactured at low cost with low-cost parts by simple heat treatment.
(請求項４に係る発明)
請求項４に係る発明は、次の効果を奏する。
《効果》 スプリング基端係止部等の耐摩耗性を高めることができる。
図１(Ａ)(Ｃ)に例示するように、ガバナスプリング(３)には、窒化処理により、スプリング基端フック(４)の表面部分に窒化層(８)を形成したものを用い、スプリング基端係止部材(２)には、鋼材の光輝焼き入れ処理により、表面部分に光輝硬質層を形成したものを用い、この光輝硬質層にスプリング基端フック(４)の窒化層(８)を接触させたので、スプリング基端係止部(２)とスプリング基端フック(４)の各接触部分の耐摩耗性を高めることができる。
このため、この各接触部分の経時的な磨耗が抑制され、ガバナスプリング力(３ａ)の低下による大きな出力低下が起こらない。
各接触部分の耐摩耗性を高めることができる理由は明確ではないが、請求項１の効果で述べた、金属組織同士の相性やなじみ、光輝硬質層の変態による硬化に基づくものと推定される。
(Invention of Claim 4 )
The invention according to claim 4 has the following effects.
<Effect> The wear resistance of the spring base end locking portion and the like can be improved.
As illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1C, the governor spring (3) is formed by forming a nitride layer (8) on the surface portion of the spring proximal hook (4) by nitriding treatment. For the base end locking member (2), a steel layer with a bright hard layer formed by bright quenching treatment is used, and a nitrided layer (8) of the spring base hook (4) is formed on the bright hard layer. Therefore, the wear resistance of each contact portion of the spring proximal end locking portion (2) and the spring proximal end hook (4) can be improved.
For this reason, the wear of each contact portion with time is suppressed, and a large output decrease due to a decrease in the governor spring force (3a) does not occur.
The reason why the wear resistance of each contact portion can be improved is not clear, but it is presumed to be based on the compatibility and familiarity between metal structures described in the effect of
《効果》 部品点数を増加させる必要がない。
図１(Ａ)(Ｃ)に例示するように、ガバナスプリング(３)とスプリング基端係止部材(２)の熱処理に基づいて耐摩耗性を高めるので、スプリング基端係止部材(２)にカラーを取り付ける場合のように、部品点数を増加させる必要がない。
<Effect> It is not necessary to increase the number of parts.
As illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1C, the wear resistance is enhanced based on the heat treatment of the governor spring (3) and the spring base end locking member (2), so that the spring base end locking member (2) There is no need to increase the number of parts as in the case where a collar is attached to the.
《効果》 メカニカルガバナの大型化を避けることができる。
図１(Ａ)(Ｃ)に例示するように、ガバナスプリング(３)とスプリング基端係止部材(２)の熱処理に基づいて、各接触部分の耐摩耗性を高めるので、ガバナスプリング(３)の線径を大きくする場合とは異なり、ガバナスプリング力(３ａ)が増加せず、メカニカルガバナ(１５)の大型化を避けることができる。
<Effect> An increase in size of the mechanical governor can be avoided.
As illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1C, the wear resistance of each contact portion is enhanced based on the heat treatment of the governor spring (3) and the spring base end locking member (2). Unlike the case of increasing the wire diameter of), the governor spring force (3a) does not increase, and an increase in the size of the mechanical governor (15) can be avoided.
(請求項５に係る発明)(Invention according to claim 5)
請求項５に係る発明は、請求項１から請求項４のいずれかに係る発明の効果に加え、次の効果を奏する。 The invention according to
《効果》 前記耐摩耗性が特に高い。 <Effect> The wear resistance is particularly high.
ガバナスプリング(３)には、３００°Ｃ以上、５００°Ｃ未満の処理温度で窒化処理したものを用いたので、前記耐摩耗性が特に高い。 Since the governor spring (3) is nitrided at a processing temperature of 300 ° C. or higher and lower than 500 ° C., the wear resistance is particularly high.
その理由は、明確ではないが、この温度範囲で窒化処理された窒化層(８)の金属組織は浸炭層(９)の金属組織との相性が特に良く、相互のなじみが特に良いためではないかと推定される。 The reason is not clear, but it is not because the metal structure of the nitrided layer (8) nitrided in this temperature range has particularly good compatibility with the metal structure of the carburized layer (9), and the familiarity with each other is particularly good. It is estimated that.
《効果》 ガバナスプリングのバネ特性の狂いを防止することができる。 <Effect> It is possible to prevent the spring characteristic of the governor spring from being distorted.
ガバナスプリング(３)には、３００°Ｃ以上、５００°Ｃ未満の処理温度で窒化処理したものを用いたので、ガバナスプリング(３)がバネ鋼材が窒化処理による熱影響を受けにくく、ガバナスプリング(３)のバネ特性の狂いを防止することができる。 Since the governor spring (3) is nitrided at a processing temperature of 300 ° C or higher and lower than 500 ° C, the governor spring (3) is less susceptible to the heat effect of the nitriding treatment on the spring steel material. It is possible to prevent the spring characteristic of (3) from being distorted.
(請求項６に係る発明) (Invention of Claim 6)
請求項６に係る発明は、請求項１から請求項５のいずれかに係る発明の効果に加え、次の効果を奏する。 The invention according to
《効果》 前記耐摩耗性が特に高い。 <Effect> The wear resistance is particularly high.
ガバナスプリング(３)には、窒化層(８)での表面硬さがビッカース硬さでＨｖ４５０以上、Ｈｖ６５０未満となるものを用いたので、前記耐摩耗性が特に高い。 Since the governor spring (3) has a surface hardness at the nitride layer (8) of Vickers hardness of not less than Hv450 and less than Hv650, the wear resistance is particularly high.
その理由は、明確ではないが、この表面硬さを有する窒化層(８)が浸炭層(９)を窒化層(８)との適合性が特に高い硬さに変えるためではないかと推定される。 The reason is not clear, but it is presumed that the nitrided layer (8) having this surface hardness is to change the carburized layer (9) to a hardness that is particularly highly compatible with the nitrided layer (8). .
図１〜図３は本発明の実施形態に係るエンジンのメカニカルガバナを説明する図であり、この実施形態では、メカニカルガバナを備えた立形の多気筒ディーゼルエンジンについて説明する。 1-3 is a figure explaining the mechanical governor of the engine which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and this embodiment demonstrates the vertical multicylinder diesel engine provided with the mechanical governor.
このエンジンの概要は、次の通りである。
図２に示すように、シリンダブロック(図外)の横にポンプケース(１１)を配置し、このポンプケース(１１)内に列型の燃料噴射ポンプ(１２)と燃料噴射カム軸(１３)を収容し、ポンプケース(１１)の後部にガバナケース(１４)を配置し、このガバナケース(１４)内にメカニカルガバナ(１５)を収容している。ガバナケース(１４)にはエンジン停止用ソレノイド(１６)とブーストコンペンセータ(１７)を取り付けている。
The outline of this engine is as follows.
As shown in FIG. 2, a pump case (11) is arranged beside a cylinder block (not shown), and a row-type fuel injection pump (12) and a fuel injection cam shaft (13) are placed in the pump case (11). The governor case (14) is disposed at the rear part of the pump case (11), and the mechanical governor (15) is accommodated in the governor case (14). An engine stop solenoid (16) and a boost compensator (17) are attached to the governor case (14).
メカニカルガバナ(１５)の構成は、次の通りである。
図２に示すように、メカニカルガバナ(１５)のガバナレバー(５)をガバナ力入力レバー(１８)とスプリング力入力レバー(１９)とで構成し、各レバー(１８)(１９)をガバナレバー軸(２０)で揺動自在に枢支し、ガバナ力入力レバー(１８)の入力部にガバナ力発生手段(２１)を当接させ、ガバナ力入力レバー(１８)の出力部に燃料噴射ポンプ(１２)の燃料調量部(２２)を連動連結し、スプリング力入力レバー(１９)をガバナスプリング(３)を介して調速レバー(１)に連動連結している。
The configuration of the mechanical governor (15) is as follows.
As shown in FIG. 2, the governor lever (5) of the mechanical governor (15) is composed of a governor force input lever (18) and a spring force input lever (19), and each lever (18) (19) is connected to a governor lever shaft ( 20), the governor force generating means (21) is brought into contact with the input portion of the governor force input lever (18), and the fuel injection pump (12) is connected to the output portion of the governor force input lever (18). ) And a spring force input lever (19) are linked to the speed control lever (1) via a governor spring (3).
メカニカルガバナ(１５)の具体的構造は、次の通りである。
図１、図２に示すように、ガバナ力入力レバー(１８)とスプリング力入力レバー(１９)とは、いずれも板金の折り曲げ成型品である。調速レバー(１)は板金の打ち抜き成形品である。スプリング力入力レバー(１９)には、金属棒のスプリング先端係止部材(６)を架設して取り付け、調速レバー(１)には、金属棒のスプリング基端係止部材(２)を片持ち状で取り付けている。ガバナレバー軸(２０)は、ガバナケース(３３)に架設している。図２に示すように、ガバナ力発生手段(２１)は、フライウェイト(２３)とガバナスリーブ(２４)からなる。燃料噴射カム軸(１３)の後端部をガバナケース(１４)内に突出させ、この突出部にフライウェイト(２３)とガバナスリーブ(２４)とを取り付けている。ガバナ力入力レバー(１８)の出力部には、連動プレート(２５)を介して、燃料噴射ポンプ(１２)の燃料調量部(２２)を連動連結している。この燃料調量部(２２)は、燃料調量ラックである。
The specific structure of the mechanical governor (15) is as follows.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the governor force input lever (18) and the spring force input lever (19) are both bent and molded products of sheet metal. The speed control lever (1) is a stamped and formed product of sheet metal. A spring tip locking member (6) of a metal rod is erected and attached to the spring force input lever (19), and a spring base end locking member (2) of the metal rod is attached to the governing lever (1). It is attached by holding. The governor lever shaft (20) is installed on the governor case (33). As shown in FIG. 2, the governor force generating means (21) includes a flyweight (23) and a governor sleeve (24). The rear end of the fuel injection camshaft (13) protrudes into the governor case (14), and a flyweight (23) and a governor sleeve (24) are attached to the protrusion. The fuel metering section (22) of the fuel injection pump (12) is linked and connected to the output section of the governor force input lever (18) via the linkage plate (25). The fuel metering unit (22) is a fuel metering rack.
図２に示すように、スプリング力入力レバー(１９)にトルクアップ装置(２６)に取り付け、トルクアップ装置(２６)をホルダ(２７)とトルクピン(２８)とトルクバネ(２９)とで構成し、ホルダ(２７)にトルクピン(２８)とトルクバネ(２９)とを取り付け、トルクバネ力(２９ａ)でトルクピン(２８)をその先端突出方向に付勢し、トルクピン(２８)先端をガバナ力入力レバー(１８)に当接させ、燃料制限具(３０)をスプリング力入力レバー(１９)に臨ませている。 As shown in FIG. 2, the torque-up device (26) is attached to the spring force input lever (19), and the torque-up device (26) comprises a holder (27), a torque pin (28), and a torque spring (29). The torque pin (28) and the torque spring (29) are attached to the holder (27), the torque pin (28) is urged in the protruding direction by the torque spring force (29a), and the tip of the torque pin (28) is moved to the governor force input lever (18 ) And the fuel limiter (30) faces the spring force input lever (19).
トルクアップ装置(２６)の機能は、次の通りである。
図３に示すように、調速レバー(１)を高速位置に設定した場合、部分負荷運転時には、ガバナスプリング力(３ａ)とガバナ力(２１ａ)とでトルクピン(２８)をその基端方向に押し込んだまま、ガバナスプリング力(３ａ)とガバナ力(２１ａ)との不釣合い力で、ガバナ力入力レバー(１８)とスプリング力入力レバー(１９)とを一体に揺動させることにより、燃料調量部(２２)を部分負荷調量領域(３１)で調量移動させる。定格負荷運転時には、燃料制限具(３０)にスプリング力入力レバー(１９)を当接させることにより、燃料調量部(２２)を定格負荷調量位置(３２)に位置させる。過負荷運転時には、燃料制限具(３０)にスプリング力入力レバー(１９)を当接させたまま、ガバナ力(２１ａ)とトルクバネ力(２９ａ)との不釣合い力により、トルクピン(２８)先端の出代に応じて、ガバナ力入力レバー(１８)のみを揺動させることにより、燃料調量部(２２)を過負荷調量領域(３３)で調量移動させる。尚、図３中の符号(３４)は始動用スプリング、(３４ａ)は始動用スプリング力である。
The function of the torque-up device (26) is as follows.
As shown in FIG. 3, when the speed control lever (1) is set to a high speed position, during partial load operation, the torque pin (28) is moved in the proximal direction by the governor spring force (3a) and the governor force (21a). By pressing the governor force input lever (18) and the spring force input lever (19) together with the unbalanced force between the governor spring force (3a) and the governor force (21a) while being pushed in, the fuel is adjusted. The quantity part (22) is metered in the partial load metering area (31). During rated load operation, the fuel metering unit (22) is positioned at the rated load metering position (32) by bringing the spring force input lever (19) into contact with the fuel limiter (30). At the time of overload operation, the tip of the torque pin (28) is caused by the unbalanced force between the governor force (21a) and the torque spring force (29a) while the spring force input lever (19) is kept in contact with the fuel limiter (30). The fuel metering unit (22) is metered in the overload metering region (33) by swinging only the governor force input lever (18) according to the allowance. In FIG. 3, reference numeral (34) denotes a starting spring, and (34a) denotes a starting spring force.
スプリング先端係止部材(６)とスプリング先端フック(７)の各接触部分の耐摩耗性、スプリング基端係止部材(２)とスプリング基端フック(４)の各接触部分の耐摩耗性を高める工夫は、次の通りである。
図１(Ａ)に示すように、調速レバー(１)のスプリング基端係止部材(２)にガバナスプリング(３)のスプリング基端フック(４)を係止させ、ガバナレバー(５)のスプリング先端係止部材(６)にガバナスプリング(３)のスプリング先端フック(７)を係止させている。
図１(Ｂ)(Ｃ)に示すように、ガバナスプリング(３)には、窒化処理により、スプリング先端フック(７)、スプリング基端フック(４)、その他の部分の各表面部分に窒化層(８)を形成したものを用いている。
スプリング先端係止部材(６)及びスプリング基端係止部材(２)には、鋼材を浸炭焼き入れ処理して、各表面部分に浸炭層(９)を形成したものを用い、この浸炭層(９)にスプリング先端フック(７)及びスプリング基端フック(４)の窒化層(８)を接触させている。
Wear resistance of each contact portion of the spring tip locking member (6) and spring tip hook (7), and wear resistance of each contact portion of the spring base end locking member (2) and spring base hook (4) The ideas to improve are as follows.
As shown in FIG. 1 (A), the spring base end hook member (2) of the governor lever (1) is locked to the spring base end hook (4) of the governor spring (3), and the governor lever (5) is The spring tip hook (7) of the governor spring (3) is locked to the spring tip locking member (6).
As shown in FIGS. 1 (B) and (C), the governor spring (3) is nitrided by a nitriding process on each surface portion of the spring tip hook (7), the spring base hook (4), and other portions. What formed (8) is used.
For the spring front end locking member (6) and the spring base end locking member (2), a carburized and quenched steel material formed with a carburized layer (9) on each surface portion is used. 9) is in contact with the nitride layer (8) of the spring tip hook (7) and the spring proximal hook (4).
ガバナスプリング(３)には、バネ用鋼材であるピアノ線ＳＷＰ−Ａをガス窒化法を用いて、アンモニアガス雰囲気下、３００°Ｃ以上、５００°Ｃ未満の処理温度で、３時間〜５時間の処理時間で、低温窒化処理したものを用いている。
処理温度が ５００°Ｃを越えると、熱影響によりガバナスプリング(３)のバネ特性が狂うおそれがあり、処理温度が３００°Ｃ未満では窒化層(８)の表面硬さを適正な値、すなわちビッカース硬さでＨｖ４５０以上、Ｈｖ６５０未満の値にすることができない場合があるからである。
このような観点から、低温窒化処理は、３５０°Ｃ以上、４５０°Ｃ未満の処理温度とするのがより望ましい。
For governor spring (3), piano wire SWP-A, which is a steel material for springs, is gas nitridated at a treatment temperature of 300 ° C. or higher and lower than 500 ° C. for 3 hours to 5 hours in an ammonia gas atmosphere. In this processing time, a material subjected to low-temperature nitriding treatment is used.
If the treatment temperature exceeds 500 ° C, the spring characteristics of the governor spring (3) may be distorted due to thermal effects. If the treatment temperature is less than 300 ° C, the surface hardness of the nitride layer (8) is set to an appropriate value, that is, This is because the Vickers hardness may not be a value of Hv450 or more and less than Hv650.
From such a viewpoint, the low temperature nitriding treatment is more preferably performed at a treatment temperature of 350 ° C. or higher and lower than 450 ° C.
スプリング先端係止部材(６)及びスプリング基端係止部材(２)には、鋼材である低炭素鋼を浸炭焼き入れ処理したものを用いている。
この浸炭焼き入れ処理では、一酸化炭素の雰囲気下、８５０°Ｃ〜９３０°Ｃの処理温度で、５時間〜８時間の処理時間で焼入れ処理を行った後、ガス窒化法により、アンモニアガス雰囲気下、８００°Ｃ〜８７０°Ｃの処理温度で、２時間〜５時間の処理時間で窒化処理を行い、その後、１５０°Ｃ〜３００°Ｃの処理温度で、２時間〜５時間の処理時間で焼戻し処理を行う。
この浸炭焼き入れ処理は、鋼材の表面に炭素を拡散させた後、鋼材の表面の金属組織をオーステナイト層にするもので、正確には浸炭浸窒処理といわれるものである。
As the spring front end locking member (6) and the spring base end locking member (2), carburized and quenched low carbon steel is used.
In this carburizing and quenching treatment, a quenching treatment is performed in a carbon monoxide atmosphere at a treatment temperature of 850 ° C. to 930 ° C. for a treatment time of 5 hours to 8 hours, and then an ammonia gas atmosphere is obtained by gas nitriding. Below, nitriding is performed at a processing temperature of 800 ° C. to 870 ° C. for a processing time of 2 hours to 5 hours, and then a processing temperature of 150 ° C. to 300 ° C. for a processing time of 2 hours to 5 hours. Tempering with
This carburizing and quenching treatment diffuses carbon on the surface of the steel material and then turns the metal structure on the surface of the steel material into an austenite layer, which is precisely called carburizing and nitriding treatment.
ガバナレバー(５)には、低炭素鋼の鋼材の板金を曲げ加工したもの用い、スプリング先端係止部材(６) 及びスプリング基端係止部材(２)には、これを取り付けたガバナレバー(５)と一緒に上記の方法で浸炭焼き入れ処理したものを用いている。 The governor lever (5) is formed by bending a low-carbon steel sheet metal, and the spring tip locking member (6) and the spring base locking member (2) are provided with a governor lever (5) attached thereto. And carburized and quenched by the above method.
スプリング先端係止部材(６)及びスプリング基端係止部材(２)には、低炭素鋼の鋼材を光輝焼き入れ処理により、表面部分に光輝硬質層を形成したものを用い、この光輝硬質層にスプリング先端フック(７)及びスプリング基端フック(４)の窒化層(８)を接触させたものを用いてもよい。
この光輝焼き入れ処理では、鋼材を４時間〜８時間、８５０°Ｃ〜９３０°Ｃの温度に加熱した後、光輝焼き入れ油に浸漬して急冷し、その後、２時間〜５時間の処理時間、１５０°Ｃ〜３００°Ｃの処理温度で焼き戻し処理を行う。
ガバナレバー(５)には、低炭素鋼の鋼材の板金を曲げ加工したもの用い、スプリング先端係止部材(６)及びスプリング基端係止部材(２)には、これを取り付けたガバナレバー(５)と一緒に上記の方法で光輝焼き入れ処理したものを用いている。
For the spring front end locking member (6) and the spring base end locking member (2), a low carbon steel material formed by a bright quenching process and having a bright hard layer formed on the surface portion is used. Alternatively, a spring tip hook (7) and a spring base end hook (4) in contact with the nitride layer (8) may be used.
In this bright quenching treatment, the steel material is heated to a temperature of 850 ° C. to 930 ° C. for 4 hours to 8 hours, then immersed in bright quenching oil and rapidly cooled, and then treated for 2 hours to 5 hours. The tempering process is performed at a processing temperature of 150 ° C. to 300 ° C.
The governor lever (5) is formed by bending a low-carbon steel sheet metal, and the spring leading end locking member (6) and the spring base end locking member (2) are provided with a governor lever (5) attached thereto. And a material that has been brightly quenched by the above method.
上記のように熱処理された、ガバナスプリング(３)、スプリング先端係止部材(６)、スプリング基端係止部材(２)を用いると、このような熱処理がされていないものを用いた場合に比べ、スプリング先端係止部材(６)とスプリング先端フック(７)の各接触部分の耐摩耗性、スプリング基端係止部(２)とスプリング基端フック(４)の各接触部分の耐摩耗性を格段に高めることができた。 When the governor spring (3), the spring front end locking member (6), and the spring base end locking member (2) that have been heat-treated as described above are used, In comparison, the wear resistance of each contact portion between the spring front end locking member (6) and the spring front end hook (7), and the wear resistance of each contact portion between the spring base end locking portion (2) and the spring base end hook (4). I was able to improve my sex dramatically.
(１) 調速レバー
(２) スプリング基端係止部材
(３) ガバナスプリング
(４) スプリング基端フック
(５) ガバナレバー
(６) スプリング先端係止部材
(７) スプリング先端フック
(８) 窒化層
(９) 浸炭層
(1) Control lever
(2) Spring proximal end locking member
(3) Governor spring
(4) Spring proximal hook
(5) Governor lever
(6) Spring tip locking member
(7) Spring end hook
(8) Nitride layer
(9) Carburized layer
Claims (6)
ガバナスプリング(３)には、窒化処理により、スプリング先端フック(７)の表面部分に窒化層(８)を形成したものを用い、
スプリング先端係止部材(６)には、鋼材の浸炭焼き入れ処理により、表面部分に浸炭層(９)を形成したものを用い、この浸炭層(９)にスプリング先端フック(７)の窒化層(８)を接触させ、
ガバナレバー(５)には、鋼材の板金を曲げ加工したもの用い、
スプリング先端係止部材(６)には、これを取り付けたガバナレバー(５)と一緒に浸炭焼き入れ処理したものを用いた、ことを特徴とするエンジンのメカニカルガバナ。 The spring proximal end hook (4) of the governor spring (3) is engaged with the spring proximal end engaging member (2) of the governor lever (1), and the spring distal end engaging member (6) of the governor lever (5) is governed. In the engine mechanical governor with the spring tip hook (7) of the spring (3) locked,
For the governor spring (3), a nitride layer (8) is formed on the surface portion of the spring tip hook (7) by nitriding,
As the spring tip locking member (6), a carburized layer (9) formed on the surface by carburizing and quenching of steel is used, and a nitrided layer of the spring tip hook (7) is formed on the carburized layer (9). (8) is contacted,
For the governor lever (5), use a bent steel sheet metal.
A mechanical governor for an engine, wherein the spring tip locking member (6) is carburized and quenched together with a governor lever (5) to which the spring tip locking member (6) is attached.
ガバナスプリング(３)には、窒化処理により、スプリング先端フック(７)の表面部分に窒化層(８)を形成したものを用い、
スプリング先端係止部材(６)には、光輝焼き入れ処理により、表面部分に光輝硬質層を形成したものを用い、この光輝硬質層にスプリング先端フック(７)の窒化層(８)を接触させた、ことを特徴とするエンジンのメカニカルガバナ。 The spring proximal end hook (4) of the governor spring (3) is engaged with the spring proximal end engaging member (2) of the governor lever (1), and the spring distal end engaging member (6) of the governor lever (5) is governed. In the engine mechanical governor with the spring tip hook (7) of the spring (3) locked,
For the governor spring (3), a nitride layer (8) is formed on the surface portion of the spring tip hook (7) by nitriding,
The spring tip locking member (6) uses a bright hard layer formed on the surface portion by bright quenching treatment, and the nitride hard layer (8) of the spring tip hook (7) is brought into contact with this bright hard layer. The engine's mechanical governor.
ガバナレバー(５)には、鋼材の板金を曲げ加工したもの用い、For the governor lever (5), use a bent steel sheet metal.
スプリング先端係止部材(６)には、これを取り付けたガバナレバー(５)と一緒に光輝焼き入れ処理したものを用いた、ことを特徴とするエンジンのメカニカルガバナ。A mechanical governor for an engine, characterized in that the spring tip locking member (6) is a member that is brightly quenched together with a governor lever (5) to which the spring tip locking member (6) is attached.
ガバナスプリング(３)には、窒化処理により、スプリング基端フック(４)の表面部分に窒化層(８)を形成したものを用い、
スプリング基端係止部材(２)には、光輝焼き入れ処理により、表面部分に光輝硬質層を形成したものを用い、この光輝硬質層にスプリング基端フック(４)の窒化層(８)を接触させた、ことを特徴とするエンジンのメカニカルガバナ。 The spring proximal end hook (4) of the governor spring (3) is engaged with the spring proximal end engaging member (2) of the governor lever (1), and the spring distal end engaging member (6) of the governor lever (5) is governed. In the engine mechanical governor with the spring tip hook (7) of the spring (3) locked,
For the governor spring (3), a nitride layer (8) formed on the surface portion of the spring proximal hook (4) by nitriding is used.
As the spring base end locking member (2), a member having a bright hard layer formed on the surface portion by bright quenching is used, and a nitride layer (8) of the spring base hook (4) is formed on the bright hard layer. An engine mechanical governor characterized by being brought into contact with each other.
ガバナスプリング(３)には、３００°Ｃ以上、５００°Ｃ未満の処理温度で低温窒化処理したものを用いた、ことを特徴とするエンジンのメカニカルガバナ。 The mechanical governor of the engine according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
A mechanical governor for an engine, characterized in that the governor spring (3) is subjected to low-temperature nitriding treatment at a treatment temperature of 300 ° C or higher and lower than 500 ° C.
ガバナスプリング(３)には、窒化層(８)での表面硬さがビッカース硬さでＨｖ４５０以上、Ｈｖ６５０未満となるものを用いた、ことを特徴とするエンジンのメカニカルガバナ。 In the mechanical governor of the engine according to any one of claims 1 to 5 ,
A mechanical governor for an engine, wherein the governor spring (3) has a surface hardness at the nitrided layer (8) of not less than Hv450 and less than Hv650 in terms of Vickers hardness.
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