JP5085386B2 - Tile mold - Google Patents

Tile mold Download PDF

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JP5085386B2
JP5085386B2 JP2008073628A JP2008073628A JP5085386B2 JP 5085386 B2 JP5085386 B2 JP 5085386B2 JP 2008073628 A JP2008073628 A JP 2008073628A JP 2008073628 A JP2008073628 A JP 2008073628A JP 5085386 B2 JP5085386 B2 JP 5085386B2
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molding
raw material
lower mold
tile
rubber
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JP2008273182A (en
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隆利 美山
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日本超硬株式会社
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/003Pressing by means acting upon the material via flexible mould wall parts, e.g. by means of inflatable cores, isostatic presses

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
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Description

本発明は、粉体のタイル原料を圧縮成形するタイルの成形金型に関する。   The present invention relates to a tile mold for compression molding a powdered tile raw material.

従来、タイルは、その裏面を形成する下型と該下型を囲繞する型枠とにより形成される成形空間へ粉枡(例えば、特許文献1参照)によってタイルの粉体原料を充填し、かかる成形空間内の粉体原料へタイル表面を形成する上型を降下させて加圧圧縮することでタイル素地を形成し、その後タイル素地が素焼、施釉、焼成等の工程を経ることで得られる。
ところが、粉枡による成形空間への粉体原料の投入では、成形空間内に全体的に均一な密度を以て粉体原料を充填することはかなり難しく、密度ムラのある状態で圧縮成形したタイル素地を焼成すると、その焼成時に収縮差を生じて所望形状のタイルが得られないことがある。
かかる不具合を解消するため、特許文献2に開示される様に、成形面をラバーで形成した下型において、ラバー直下に凹部を形成すると共に、該凹部に軟質材を充填した成形金型が開発された。
この成形金型を用いることにより、タイルの圧縮成形時に、軟質材からの反作用圧力がラバー及び粉体原料に付与され、高密度の原料充填位置では軟質材が高圧力で収縮変形変位し、低圧力部分へ移動した軟質材にて低密度の原料に圧力が付与されることになり、その結果、粉体原料の充填密度の粗密が解消されて、粉体原料を均等に加圧できるため、均一な成形密度のタイル素地を成形でき、焼成時に収縮差の少ない形状の安定したタイルが得られた。
Conventionally, a tile is filled with a powder raw material of the tile by powdered powder (see, for example, Patent Document 1) into a molding space formed by a lower mold that forms the back surface thereof and a mold that surrounds the lower mold. The tile base is formed by lowering the upper mold for forming the tile surface onto the powder raw material in the molding space and compressing it under pressure, and the tile base is then subjected to steps such as uncoating, glazing and firing.
However, it is quite difficult to fill a molding material with a uniform density throughout the molding space by using powder powder to form the powder material into the molding space. When fired, a tile having a desired shape may not be obtained due to a shrinkage difference during firing.
In order to solve this problem, as disclosed in Patent Document 2, a molding die in which a concave portion is formed immediately below the rubber and a soft material is filled in the concave portion has been developed in the lower die having a molding surface formed of rubber. It was done.
By using this molding die, the reaction pressure from the soft material is applied to the rubber and powder raw material during the compression molding of the tile, and the soft material is shrunk, deformed and displaced at high pressure at a high density raw material filling position. Pressure will be applied to the low-density raw material with the soft material moved to the pressure part, and as a result, the density of the packing density of the powder raw material is eliminated, and the powder raw material can be uniformly pressurized, A tile substrate having a uniform molding density could be formed, and a stable tile having a small shrinkage difference upon firing was obtained.

実開昭60−34408号公報(第1図)Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 60-34408 (Fig. 1) 特開2001−252915号公報JP 2001-252915 A

ところで、上記成形空間内への粉枡によるタイル原料の投入は、特許文献1に開示される様に、粉枡が型枠上面を成形空間における一端側からその対向側の他端側の間を往復する間に粉体原料を成形空間内へ投入することで成されるため、成形空間の一端側の方が原料投入量が多くなる傾向にあり、この傾向は大型タイルの方が粉枡のストロークが長いため顕著である。
そして、上記成形金型における軟質材は、圧縮成形時に軟質材が高密度の原料充填位置で収縮変形して低圧力部分側へ変形移動することにより、低密度の原料充填位置を押し上げる様に働く構成のため、高密度の原料充填位置で変形した軟質材が、容易に低密度の原料充填位置へ移動できる様な比較的面積が小さい小型タイルの成形には適している。
しかしながら、大型タイルの成形では、上記の様に成形空間内の両極端(一端側と他端側)に原料充填密度の顕著な粗密の差を有するため、軟質材が成形空間における一端側の高密度の原料充填位置で収縮変形してもその収縮変形量が他端側の低密度の原料充填位置へ移動してかかる箇所を押し上げる程に変形しない。
又、上記成形金型で成形されたタイル素地は、原料の充填密度を均一にできるが、原料充填密度の粗密に対応した箇所では、タイル裏面に凹凸を生ずることになるので、タイル素地の形状安定性、特に裏足の平滑性を図ることはできず、その後のタイル製造工程へ進む過程で多数のタイル素地を積重して搬送、保管する場合、タイル素地の積重状態は崩れ易いといった課題を有している。
そこで、本発明では、主に大型のタイル素地における全体的な充填密度の差を低減し、焼成収縮によって変形することが少なく、しかも平滑な裏足を成形できる様にしたタイルの成形金型を提供することを目的としている。
By the way, as the tile raw material is charged into the molding space by the powder soot, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, the powder dust is formed between the one end side in the molding space and the other end on the opposite side of the mold upper surface. Since the powder raw material is introduced into the molding space during the reciprocation, the amount of raw material input tends to increase at one end of the molding space. This is noticeable due to the long stroke.
The soft material in the molding die functions to push up the low-density raw material filling position by compressing and deforming the soft material at the high-density raw material filling position and deforming and moving to the low pressure portion side during compression molding. Due to the construction, the soft material deformed at the high-density raw material filling position is suitable for forming a small tile having a relatively small area so that it can easily move to the low-density raw material filling position.
However, in the molding of large tiles, the soft material has a high density on one end side in the molding space because there is a significant difference in density of raw material filling density at both extremes (one end side and the other end side) in the molding space as described above. Even if the material is contracted and deformed at the raw material filling position, the amount of contraction and deformation is not deformed so as to move to the low-density raw material filling position on the other end side and push up the portion.
In addition, the tile base molded with the above-mentioned molding die can make the raw material packing density uniform, but irregularities are formed on the back surface of the tile at locations corresponding to the density of the raw material packing density. Stability, especially the smoothness of the back foot cannot be achieved, and when a large number of tile substrates are stacked and transported and stored in the process of proceeding to the subsequent tile manufacturing process, the stacked state of the tile substrates is likely to collapse. Has a problem.
Therefore, in the present invention, there is provided a mold for molding a tile which mainly reduces a difference in overall packing density in a large tile substrate, is less likely to be deformed by firing shrinkage, and can form a smooth back foot. It is intended to provide.

上記課題に鑑み、本発明に係るタイルの成形金型は、下型と型枠とにより形成される成形空間内に充填した粉体原料を上型にて圧縮成形するものにして、下型は、その下方に直立配置した3本以上の油圧シリンダのロッドの先端に固定されることにより、水平に支持され、各油圧シリンダは作動油を充填した密閉空間に連通したことを特徴とする。
又、下型は、成形面をラバーで形成すると共に、該ラバーの周縁を細幅に残して水平に形成されたラバー裏面に平行に陥没させた凹部を形成し、該凹部内には、その周壁との間に柔軟材を介装すると共に、凹部高さより薄肉でラバー裏面に接着一体化した金属平板を設け、該金属平板の底部に下型の底部より凹部内に突入した各油圧シリンダのロッドの先端を固定したことを特徴とする。
In view of the above problems, the mold for molding the tile according to the present invention is such that the powder raw material filled in the molding space formed by the lower mold and the mold is compression-molded in the upper mold, and the lower mold is Further, it is supported horizontally by being fixed to the tip of the rods of three or more hydraulic cylinders arranged upright below, and each hydraulic cylinder communicates with a sealed space filled with hydraulic oil.
In addition, the lower mold has a molding surface made of rubber and a recess recessed in parallel with the rubber back surface formed horizontally, leaving the periphery of the rubber narrow, Each of the hydraulic cylinders inserted into the recesses from the bottom of the lower mold is provided at the bottom of the metal flat plate by interposing a flexible material between the peripheral wall and being thinner than the height of the recess and integrally bonded to the rubber back surface. The rod tip is fixed.

要するに本発明は、下型は、その下方に直立配置した3本以上の油圧シリンダのロッドの先端に固定されることにより、水平に支持され、各油圧シリンダは作動油を充填した密閉空間に連通したので、成形空間内に投入された粉体原料を上型にて圧縮成形すると、粉体原料は、下型成形面、下型を支持する各油圧シリンダのロッド及び作動油に圧力を及ぼし、この時、粉体原料における高密度充填箇所には高圧力が発生して、その対応個所のロッドが押し下げられ、粉体原料における低密度充填箇所で発生する圧力は弱く、下型のその対応個所を弱くしか押し下げられないが、高圧力発生部分に対応したロッドが前記の如く押し下げられることで、そのロッドを支承している作動油が密閉空間を通じて低圧力発生部分に対応したロッドのシリンダ内に送り込まれるため、そのロッドが上昇してかかる下型部位を押し上げて下部から反作用的に圧縮することになり、下型は各ロッドの上下動により三次元的に傾斜し、粉体原料はその全体的な充填密度の粗密の差を低減する様に圧縮成形され、焼成収縮によって変形することが少ないタイル素地が成形でき、下型が成形するタイル裏面を平滑化できる。
又、下型がタイル裏面の成形面を有するものであれば、当然ながら成形されたタイルの裏足を平滑に成形でき、成形されたタイル素地を多段に積重してもガタつくことはない。
In short, in the present invention, the lower mold is supported horizontally by being fixed to the tip of three or more hydraulic cylinder rods arranged upright below, and each hydraulic cylinder communicates with a sealed space filled with hydraulic oil. Therefore, when the powder raw material put into the molding space is compression-molded with the upper mold, the powder raw material exerts pressure on the lower mold forming surface, the rod of each hydraulic cylinder that supports the lower mold, and the hydraulic oil, At this time, high pressure is generated at the high density filling point in the powder raw material, the corresponding part of the rod is pushed down, the pressure generated at the low density filling point in the powder raw material is weak, and the corresponding part of the lower mold is low. However, when the rod corresponding to the high pressure generating portion is pressed down as described above, the hydraulic oil supporting the rod passes through the sealed space to the rod series corresponding to the low pressure generating portion. Since the rod goes up into the die, the rod rises and pushes up the lower die part and compresses reactively from the lower part. The lower die is tilted three-dimensionally by the vertical movement of each rod, and the powder raw material Is compression-molded so as to reduce the difference in density of the overall packing density, a tile base that is hardly deformed by firing shrinkage can be formed, and the back surface of the tile formed by the lower mold can be smoothed.
In addition, if the lower mold has a molding surface on the back side of the tile, it is natural that the molded foot can be molded smoothly, and even if the molded tile substrates are stacked in multiple stages, there is no rattling. .

下型は、成形面をラバーで形成すると共に、該ラバーの周縁を細幅に残して水平に形成されたラバー裏面に平行に陥没させた凹部を形成し、該凹部内には、その周壁との間に柔軟材を介装すると共に、凹部高さより薄肉でラバー裏面に接着一体化した金属平板を設け、該金属平板の底部に下型の底部より凹部内に突入した各油圧シリンダのロッドの先端を固定したので、成形空間内に投入された粉体原料を上型にて圧縮成形すると、粉体原料は、ラバーから成る下型成形面、その下部の金属平板、該金属平板を支持している油圧シリンダのロッド及び作動油に圧力を及ぼし、この時、粉体原料における高密度充填箇所には高い圧力が発生して、成形面及び金属平板におけるその対応箇所のロッドが押し下げられ、粉体原料における低密度充填箇所で発生する圧力は弱く、成形面及び金属平板におけるその対応箇所を弱くしか押し下げられないが、高圧力発生部分に対応したロッドが前記の如く押し下げられることで、そのロッドを支承している作動油が密閉空間を通じて低圧力発生部位を押し上げて下部から反作用的に圧縮することになり、この様な各ロッドの上下動により金属平板は型枠との間に介在する柔軟材の弾性変形の許容範囲内で、成形面と共に三次元的に傾斜し、粉体原料はその全体的な充填密度の粗密の差を低減する様に圧縮成形され、焼成収縮によって変形することが少ないタイル素地を成形でき、下型が成形するタイル裏面を平滑に形成でき、例え裏足を有するタイルであっても同様に裏足を平滑に形成でき、そのタイル素地を多段に積重してもガタつくことはない。
又、上記成形時においては、下型における成形面及び金属平板のみが可動するだけであって、下型全体が動作しないため、下型を囲繞している型枠との間に下型全体が三次元的に傾斜するための狭小な隙間を設ける必要はなく、よって成形空間内の粉体原料が型枠と下型との間に入り込んでその可動に支障を招く恐れが全くなく、常に上記の様な良質なタイル素地を成形できる等その実用的効果甚だ大である。
The lower mold has a molding surface formed of rubber and a recess recessed in parallel with a rubber back surface formed horizontally, leaving the periphery of the rubber narrow, and the peripheral wall includes a peripheral wall and In addition, a metal plate is provided between the bottom of the rubber plate and the bottom of the lower die is inserted into the recess from the bottom of the lower mold. Since the tip is fixed, when the powder raw material put into the molding space is compression-molded with the upper mold, the powder raw material supports the lower mold forming surface made of rubber, the lower metal flat plate, and the metal flat plate. Pressure is exerted on the hydraulic cylinder rod and hydraulic oil, and at this time, high pressure is generated at the high density filling location in the powder raw material, and the rod at the corresponding location on the forming surface and the metal flat plate is pushed down to Low density filling in body materials The pressure generated at the place is weak and the corresponding part of the forming surface and the metal flat plate can be pushed down only weakly, but the rod corresponding to the high pressure generating part is pushed down as described above, so that the rod is supported. The oil pushes up the low pressure generation site through the sealed space and compresses reactively from the lower part, and the vertical movement of each rod makes it possible to allow elastic deformation of the flexible material interposed between the metal plate and the mold. Within the range, it is inclined three-dimensionally with the forming surface, and the powder raw material is compression-molded to reduce the difference in density of the overall packing density, and it can form a tile substrate that is less likely to be deformed by firing shrinkage. The bottom of the tile formed by the lower mold can be formed smoothly, and even if the tile has a back foot, the back foot can be formed smoothly, and even if the tile substrate is stacked in multiple stages, There.
Further, at the time of molding, only the molding surface and the metal flat plate of the lower mold move, and the entire lower mold does not operate. Therefore, the entire lower mold is interposed between the mold frame surrounding the lower mold. There is no need to provide a narrow gap to incline in three dimensions. Therefore, there is no possibility that the powder raw material in the molding space enters between the mold frame and the lower mold, causing a hindrance to its movement. The practical effects such as being able to form a high-quality tile substrate such as

以下本発明の実施の一形態例を図面に基づいて説明する。
本発明に係るタイルの成形金型は、図1に示す様に、タイル裏面の成形面1を有する方形板状の下型2と、該下型2を囲繞する型枠3とにより形成される成形空間4内に充填した粉体原料Wを、タイル表面の成形面(図示せず)を有し、且つ図示しない昇降装置にて降下する方形板状の上型5にて圧縮成形する様に構成されている。
An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the tile molding die according to the present invention is formed by a rectangular plate-like lower mold 2 having a molding surface 1 on the back side of a tile, and a mold 3 surrounding the lower mold 2. The powder raw material W filled in the molding space 4 is compression-molded by a rectangular plate-shaped upper mold 5 having a molding surface (not shown) on the tile surface and descending by a lifting device (not shown). It is configured.

下型2は、型枠3及び上型5と同様に金属製から成り、下型2の上面はラバーにて形成された成形面1を接着している。
成形面1は、図2に示す様に、タイル裏面に有する裏足を形成するための複数の凹溝1aを所定間隔置きに形成している。
The lower mold 2 is made of metal like the mold 3 and the upper mold 5, and the upper surface of the lower mold 2 is bonded to the molding surface 1 formed of rubber.
As shown in FIG. 2, the molding surface 1 is formed with a plurality of concave grooves 1a at predetermined intervals for forming a back foot on the back surface of the tile.

そして、下型2は、基台6上に固定された圧力受承台7上に設置されている。
圧力受承台7は、その上面の4隅の夫々に高さ方向に長いシリンダ装填穴8を穿設し、該シリンダ装填穴8の夫々に同一構成の単動式油圧シリンダ9をそのロッド9aの先端を上向きにして螺挿することにより、油圧シリンダ9を直立する様に支持し、該油圧シリンダ9の上端にはロックナット10を螺合し、該ロックナット10によりシリンダ装填穴8対する油圧シリンダ9の出没状態を調整して各ロッド9aの先端が圧力受承台7の上面より所定長さ突出する様に成している。
尚、ロッド9aの圧力受承台7の上面からの突出長は、約0.2 〜0.3 mmに設定されており、図3においては、その突出長を便宜上誇張して示している。
And the lower mold | type 2 is installed on the pressure receiving stand 7 fixed on the base 6. FIG.
The pressure receiving base 7 has cylinder loading holes 8 that are elongated in the height direction at the four corners of the upper surface thereof, and single-acting hydraulic cylinders 9 having the same configuration are inserted into the rod loading holes 8 in the cylinder loading holes 8 respectively. The hydraulic cylinder 9 is supported upright by being screwed with the front end of the hydraulic cylinder upward, and a lock nut 10 is screwed into the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder 9, and the hydraulic pressure applied to the cylinder loading hole 8 by the lock nut 10. The leading and trailing states of the cylinders 9 are adjusted so that the tips of the rods 9a protrude from the upper surface of the pressure receiving base 7 by a predetermined length.
The protruding length of the rod 9a from the upper surface of the pressure receiving base 7 is set to about 0.2 to 0.3 mm. In FIG. 3, the protruding length is exaggerated for convenience.

各シリンダ装填穴8の下端には、油圧シリンダ9のテール部に設けた作動油Sの油口(図示せず)に液密状に連通する垂直な直通路11を設け、隣接する直通路11同士を圧力受承台7に水平に横穿した連結路12を介して連通し、各連通路12にて四角枠状で一連の環路13を構成している(図4参照)。
又、圧力受承台7の側面において連結路12の穿孔時に形成される複数の開口部の夫々は止栓14にて液密状に閉塞されることにより、各油圧シリンダ9に連通する直通路11と、各直通路11に連通する環路13とを一連の密閉空間15と成し、該密閉空間15内に作動油Sを充填している。
At the lower end of each cylinder loading hole 8, a vertical straight passage 11 is provided in fluid tight communication with an oil port (not shown) of hydraulic oil S provided at the tail portion of the hydraulic cylinder 9. They communicate with each other via a connecting passage 12 that is horizontally drilled in the pressure receiving table 7, and each communicating passage 12 forms a series of annular passages 13 in a rectangular frame shape (see FIG. 4).
Further, each of the plurality of openings formed when the connecting passage 12 is drilled on the side surface of the pressure receiving base 7 is closed in a liquid-tight manner by a stopper 14 so that the direct passage communicates with each hydraulic cylinder 9. 11 and the circulation path 13 communicating with each direct passage 11 form a series of sealed spaces 15, and the sealed space 15 is filled with hydraulic oil S.

圧力受承台7において、環路13の内側の適所には上下に貫通するボルト挿通穴16を設け、下型2の底部2aにはボルト挿通穴16に位置対応するねじ穴17を設けており、ボルト挿通穴16の下端を拡径形成したボルト頭掛止口からボルト挿通穴16より小径のボルト18を遊挿してその先端をねじ穴17に螺着することにて、油圧シリンダ9のロッド9aの先端上に下型2の底部2aの四方を固定している。
この様に、油圧シリンダ9のロッド9aの先端上に底部1aの四方を載上支持された下型2は、三次元的に傾斜可能と成しており、このため型枠3と下型2との間には狭小な隙間を設けている。
In the pressure cradle 7, a bolt insertion hole 16 penetrating vertically is provided at an appropriate position inside the ring 13, and a screw hole 17 corresponding to the bolt insertion hole 16 is provided in the bottom portion 2 a of the lower mold 2. The rod of the hydraulic cylinder 9 is inserted by loosely inserting a bolt 18 having a smaller diameter than the bolt insertion hole 16 from a bolt head stop opening having a lower diameter formed at the lower end of the bolt insertion hole 16 and screwing the tip of the bolt 18 into the screw hole 17. The four sides of the bottom 2a of the lower mold 2 are fixed on the tip of 9a.
In this manner, the lower mold 2 supported on the four ends of the bottom 1a on the tip of the rod 9a of the hydraulic cylinder 9 can be tilted three-dimensionally. A narrow gap is provided between and.

尚、上記では、油圧シリンダ9を下型2下方の四方に直立配置して、各ロッド9aの先端に下型2の底部2aを固定することにより、粉体原料Wの未充填状態の下型2を水平に支持したものを示したが、この様に下型2を水平支持するには、該下型2の底部2aを適宜3点位置で支持しても成り立つので、3本の油圧シリンダ9を用いて下型2を水平支持しても良い。
要するに、粉体原料Wの未充填状態の下型2を水平に安定支持できる構成であれば、油圧シリンダ9は、3本以上であれば良く、用いられる油圧シリンダ9の本数に応じ、圧力受承台7に形成される装填穴8の位置及び個数と、密閉空間15の構成とを適宜に変更しても良い。
In the above, the lower cylinder 2 is placed in an upright position on the lower side of the lower mold 2 and the bottom 2a of the lower mold 2 is fixed to the tip of each rod 9a, so that the lower mold of the powder raw material W is not filled. In this way, the lower die 2 is supported horizontally by supporting the bottom portion 2a of the lower die 2 at three appropriate positions, so that three hydraulic cylinders are provided. 9 may be used to horizontally support the lower mold 2.
In short, as long as the lower mold 2 in an unfilled state of the powder raw material W can be stably supported horizontally, the number of hydraulic cylinders 9 may be three or more. The position and number of the loading holes 8 formed in the cradle 7 and the configuration of the sealed space 15 may be changed as appropriate.

上記の様に構成された成形金型における型枠3上面には、その右側から左側(逆でも良い)へ往復移動する粉枡(図示せず)が装備されており、粉体原料Wを投入した粉枡が型枠3上を往復移動する間に成形空間4内に粉体原料Wが充填される。
この場合、上述の如く成形空間4における右側の方が左側より原料投入量が多い傾向にあり、従って成形空間4において充填された粉体原料Wの充填密度は、粉枡の往路始端側(右側)と終端側(左側)に粗密の差が激しく、図1、3では成形空間4内における粉体原料Wの充填状態を誇張して示している。
そして、成形空間4内に充填された粉体原料Wを上型5の降下により加圧圧縮すると、粉体原料Wは、下型2の成形面1、油圧シリンダ9のロッド9a及び作動油Sに圧力を及ぼす。
The upper surface of the mold 3 in the molding die configured as described above is equipped with a powder basket (not shown) that reciprocates from the right side to the left side (or vice versa). The powder material W is filled into the molding space 4 while the powdered soot is reciprocatingly moved on the mold 3.
In this case, as described above, the right side in the molding space 4 tends to have a larger amount of raw material input than the left side. Therefore, the packing density of the powder raw material W filled in the molding space 4 is the forward end side (right side) ) And the terminal side (left side) have a large difference in density, and FIGS. 1 and 3 exaggerately show the filling state of the powder raw material W in the molding space 4.
Then, when the powder raw material W filled in the molding space 4 is pressurized and compressed by the lowering of the upper mold 5, the powder raw material W is converted into the molding surface 1 of the lower mold 2, the rod 9 a of the hydraulic cylinder 9 and the hydraulic oil S. Exert pressure.

この時、成形空間4内における粉体原料Wの高密度充填箇所(主に原料投入量の多い傾向にある右側)には高圧力が発生して、その対応箇所のロッド9aが強く押し下げられて収縮する。
一方、粉体原料Wにおける低密度充填箇所で発生する圧力は弱く、下型2におけるその対応箇所を弱くしか押し下げられないが、高圧力発生部分に対応したロッド9aの降下により、これを支承している作動油Sが密閉空間15を通じて低圧力発生部分に対応したロッド9aの油圧シリンダ9内に送り込まれるため、そのロッド9aが上昇して下型2のかかる部位を押し上げて下部から反作用的に圧縮する。
この様に下型2は各ロッド9aの上下動により三次元的に傾斜し、高密度充填箇所では押し下がって低密度充填箇所では押し上がって粉体原料Wを圧縮し、粉体原料Wはその全体的な充填密度の粗密の差、特に成形空間4において左側と右側に激しく生ずる粗密の差を低減する様に圧縮成形され、その結果、焼成収縮によって変形することの少ないタイル素地が成形される。
At this time, a high pressure is generated at the high density filling portion of the powder raw material W in the molding space 4 (mainly on the right side where the amount of raw material input tends to be large), and the rod 9a at the corresponding portion is strongly pushed down. Shrink.
On the other hand, the pressure generated at the low density filling point in the powder raw material W is weak and can only be pushed down weakly at the corresponding part in the lower mold 2, but this is supported by the lowering of the rod 9a corresponding to the high pressure generating part. Since the working oil S is fed into the hydraulic cylinder 9 of the rod 9a corresponding to the low pressure generating portion through the sealed space 15, the rod 9a rises and pushes up the portion of the lower mold 2 to react from below. Compress.
In this way, the lower die 2 is tilted three-dimensionally by the vertical movement of each rod 9a, and is pushed down at the high density filling location and pushed up at the low density filling location to compress the powder raw material W. Compression molding is performed so as to reduce the difference in overall density of the packing density, particularly the difference in density that occurs severely between the left side and the right side in the molding space 4, and as a result, a tile substrate that is less likely to be deformed by firing shrinkage is formed. The

そして、成形されたタイル素地は、下型2の成形面1がタイル裏面を成形するものであり、そのラバー製の成形面1は金属製の下型2の平坦な上面にて圧縮されるので、成形されたタイルの裏足下面は凹凸が生ぜず極めて微細に傾斜はしているものの平滑に成形されるため、タイル素地を多段に積重てもガタつくことはない。   In the molded tile base, the molding surface 1 of the lower mold 2 forms the back surface of the tile, and the rubber molding surface 1 is compressed on the flat upper surface of the metal lower mold 2. The bottom surface of the back of the formed tile does not have irregularities and is extremely finely inclined, but is formed smoothly, so that even if the tile substrates are stacked in multiple stages, there is no backlash.

図5、6に基づく第二実施例の成形金型は、上記の第一実施例における下型2を主に変形したものであり、第一実施例と同一又は相当部分には同じ符号を付し、説明を省略する。   The molding die of the second embodiment based on FIGS. 5 and 6 is mainly a modification of the lower die 2 in the first embodiment, and the same reference numerals are given to the same or corresponding parts as in the first embodiment. The description is omitted.

この下型2は、図5に示す様に、上記と同様にラバーにて形成された成形面(以下、ラバーとも称する。)1の周縁を細幅に残して水平に形成されたラバー裏面1bに平行に陥没させた方形穴状の凹部19を形成し、下型2において凹部19の開口部周端面に成形面(ラバー)1の前記周縁の裏面を接着している。
又、凹部19内には、その周壁19aとの間にシリコーンゴムなどの様にゴム状弾性を有する素材から成る柔軟材20を介装すると共に、凹部19の高さより薄肉でラバー裏面1bに接着一体化した金属平板21を設けている。
As shown in FIG. 5, the lower mold 2 has a rubber back surface 1b formed horizontally with the periphery of a molding surface (hereinafter also referred to as rubber) 1 formed of rubber in the same manner as described above. A concave portion 19 having a rectangular hole shape is formed in parallel with the lower surface 2, and the back surface of the peripheral edge of the molding surface (rubber) 1 is bonded to the peripheral end surface of the opening portion of the concave portion 19 in the lower mold 2.
In addition, a flexible material 20 made of a material having rubber-like elasticity such as silicone rubber is interposed in the recess 19 between the peripheral wall 19a, and is thinner than the height of the recess 19 and bonded to the rubber back surface 1b. An integrated metal flat plate 21 is provided.

柔軟材20は、金属平板21と凹部19との間に形成される方形枠状の狭小間隔に配されるもにして、金属平板21の4側面と、この各側面と一致する凹部19の各周壁19aの上方部とを接着しており、この様に下型2を構成することにより、金属平板21はラバー1と共に柔軟材20の弾性変形の許容範囲内で三次元的に傾斜可能と成している。
そして、金属平板21の底部21aに下型2の底部2aより凹部19内に突入した各油圧シリンダ9のロッド9aの先端を固定している。
この固定は、第一実施例と同様に、圧力受承台7のボルト挿通穴16を通して上方へ突出するボルト18の先端を下型2の底部2aに設けたねじ穴17に螺着することによって成される。
The flexible material 20 is arranged in a rectangular frame-shaped narrow space formed between the metal flat plate 21 and the concave portion 19, and each of the four side surfaces of the metal flat plate 21 and the concave portions 19 that coincide with the respective side surfaces. By adhering the upper part of the peripheral wall 19a and thus forming the lower mold 2, the metal flat plate 21 and the rubber 1 can be tilted three-dimensionally within the allowable range of elastic deformation of the flexible material 20. doing.
And the tip of the rod 9a of each hydraulic cylinder 9 that has entered the recess 19 from the bottom 2a of the lower mold 2 is fixed to the bottom 21a of the metal flat plate 21.
As in the first embodiment, this fixing is performed by screwing the tip of a bolt 18 protruding upward through the bolt insertion hole 16 of the pressure receiving base 7 into a screw hole 17 provided in the bottom 2a of the lower mold 2. Made.

図6に示す様に、圧力受承台7の3方の夫々には、油圧シリンダ9を直立する様に支持している。
この3本の油圧シリンダ9は、第一実施例と同様に同一構成の単動式油圧シリンダであるが、第一実施例とは異なり圧力受承台7に一体的に設けている。
即ち、圧力受承台7の上面の3方の夫々に高さ方向に長いシリンダ室8を穿設し、該シリンダ室8には、その下部に設けた直通路11に連通する圧力室8aと、シリンダ室8の上方部8bとをOリングにて気密状に区画するピストン22を摺動自在に挿嵌し、該ピストン22の上面中央部にピストン22より小径で下型2の底部2aに貫設したロッド挿通穴23に挿通可能な長尺円柱状のロッド9aを突設している。
そして、シリンダ室8の上方開口部に挿嵌された円環状のバネ受け24とピストン22上面間にロッド9aを外嵌する圧縮スプリング25を介装している。
As shown in FIG. 6, a hydraulic cylinder 9 is supported upright on each of the three sides of the pressure receiving base 7.
The three hydraulic cylinders 9 are single-acting hydraulic cylinders having the same configuration as in the first embodiment. However, unlike the first embodiment, the three hydraulic cylinders 9 are integrally provided on the pressure receiving base 7.
That is, a cylinder chamber 8 that is long in the height direction is formed in each of the three upper surfaces of the pressure receiving base 7, and the cylinder chamber 8 includes a pressure chamber 8a that communicates with a straight passage 11 provided in the lower portion thereof. A piston 22 that divides the upper part 8b of the cylinder chamber 8 in an airtight manner by an O-ring is slidably fitted into the bottom part 2a of the lower mold 2 having a smaller diameter than the piston 22 at the center of the upper surface of the piston 22. A long columnar rod 9a that can be inserted through the rod insertion hole 23 provided in a projecting manner is projected.
Further, a compression spring 25 for externally fitting the rod 9a is interposed between an annular spring receiver 24 inserted into the upper opening of the cylinder chamber 8 and the upper surface of the piston 22.

又、作動油Sを充填した密閉空間15は、本実施例では、3本の油圧シリンダ9を圧力受承台7の3方に配置した関係上、直通路11に垂直に連通する連結路12によって、図6に示す様に、コ字状路13を構成している。
尚、油圧シリンダ9の本数(3本以上)、及び圧力受承台7に配置される位置等は、第一実施例と同様に粉体原料Wの未充填状態の下型2を水平に安定支持できる構成であれば良く、図示例に限定されない。
当然ながら、油圧シリンダ9は、第一実施例の様に、そのシリンダチューブを圧力受承台7に装填するタイプのものであっても良い。
逆に第一実施例の油圧シリンダ9を第二実施例に示した圧力受承台7と一体的なタイプとしても良い。
In the present embodiment, the sealed space 15 filled with the hydraulic oil S is connected to the straight passage 11 so that the three hydraulic cylinders 9 are arranged in three directions on the pressure receiving base 7. Thus, a U-shaped path 13 is formed as shown in FIG.
The number of hydraulic cylinders 9 (three or more) and the position of the hydraulic cylinders 9 placed on the pressure cradle 7 are such that the lower mold 2 in an unfilled state of the powder raw material W is horizontally stabilized as in the first embodiment. Any configuration that can be supported is acceptable, and the configuration is not limited to the illustrated example.
Of course, the hydraulic cylinder 9 may be of a type in which the cylinder tube is loaded into the pressure receiving base 7 as in the first embodiment.
Conversely, the hydraulic cylinder 9 of the first embodiment may be integrated with the pressure receiving base 7 shown in the second embodiment.

上記の様に構成された成形金型における型枠3上面には、第一実施例と同様に図示しない粉枡が装備されており、粉体原料Wを投入した粉枡が型枠3上を往復移動する間に成形空間4内に粉体原料Wが充填される。
この場合、上述の如く成形空間4における右側の方が左側より原料投入量が多い傾向にあり、従って成形空間4において充填された粉体原料Wの充填密度は、粉枡の往路始端側(右側)と終端側(左側)に粗密の差が激しく、第一実施例と同様に図5では成形空間4内における粉体原料Wの充填状態を誇張して示している。
そして、成形空間4内に充填された粉体原料Wを上型5の降下により加圧圧縮すると、粉体原料Wは、下型2の成形面(ラバー)1と、該ラバー1の直下の金属平板21と、該金属平板21を支持している油圧シリンダ9のロッド9a及び作動油Sに圧力を及ぼす。
The upper surface of the mold 3 in the molding die configured as described above is equipped with a powder cake (not shown) as in the first embodiment, and the powder cake charged with the powder raw material W moves over the mold 3. During the reciprocating movement, the powder raw material W is filled into the molding space 4.
In this case, as described above, the right side in the molding space 4 tends to have a larger amount of raw material input than the left side. Therefore, the packing density of the powder raw material W filled in the molding space 4 is the forward end side (right side) ) And the end side (left side) have a large difference in density, and in the same manner as in the first embodiment, FIG. 5 exaggerates the filling state of the powder raw material W in the molding space 4.
Then, when the powder raw material W filled in the molding space 4 is pressed and compressed by the lowering of the upper mold 5, the powder raw material W is formed on the molding surface (rubber) 1 of the lower mold 2 and immediately below the rubber 1. Pressure is exerted on the metal flat plate 21, the rod 9 a of the hydraulic cylinder 9 that supports the metal flat plate 21, and the hydraulic oil S.

この時、成形空間4内における粉体原料Wの高密度充填箇所(主に原料投入量の多い傾向にある右側)には高圧力が発生して、その対応箇所のロッド9aが強く押し下げられて収縮する。
一方、粉体原料Wにおける低密度充填箇所で発生する圧力は弱く、ラバー1及び金属平板21におけるその対応箇所を弱くしか押し下げられないが、高圧力発生部分に対応したロッド9aの降下により、これを支承している作動油Sが密閉空間15を通じて低圧力発生部分に対応したロッド9aの油圧シリンダ9内に送り込まれるため、そのロッド9aが上昇してラバー1及び金属平板21のかかる部位を押し上げて下部から反作用的に圧縮する。
この様にラバー1及び金属平板21は、各ロッド9aの上下動により柔軟材20の弾性変形の許容範囲内で三次元的に傾斜し、高密度充填箇所では押し下がって低密度充填箇所では押し上がって粉体原料Wを圧縮し、粉体原料Wはその全体的な充填密度の粗密の差、特に成形空間4において左側と右側に激しく生ずる粗密の差を低減する様に圧縮成形され、その結果、焼成収縮によって変形することの少ないタイル素地が成形される。
At this time, a high pressure is generated at the high density filling portion of the powder raw material W in the molding space 4 (mainly on the right side where the amount of raw material input tends to be large), and the rod 9a at the corresponding portion is strongly pushed down. Shrink.
On the other hand, the pressure generated at the low density filling location in the powder raw material W is weak, and the corresponding location on the rubber 1 and the metal flat plate 21 can be pushed down only weakly, but this is caused by the lowering of the rod 9a corresponding to the high pressure generation location. Since the hydraulic oil S supporting the oil is fed into the hydraulic cylinder 9 of the rod 9a corresponding to the low pressure generating portion through the sealed space 15, the rod 9a rises and pushes up the portion where the rubber 1 and the metal flat plate 21 are applied. Compress from the bottom.
In this way, the rubber 1 and the metal flat plate 21 are tilted three-dimensionally within the allowable range of elastic deformation of the flexible material 20 by the vertical movement of each rod 9a, and are pushed down at the high density filling location and pushed at the low density filling location. The powder raw material W is compressed, and the powder raw material W is compression-molded so as to reduce the difference in overall density of the packing density, in particular, the difference in density that occurs severely on the left and right sides in the molding space 4. As a result, a tile substrate that is hardly deformed by firing shrinkage is formed.

そして、成形されたタイル素地は、下型2の成形面1がタイル裏面を成形するものであり、そのラバー製の成形面1は金属製の金属平板21の平坦な上面にて圧縮されるので、成形されたタイルの裏足下面は凹凸が生ぜず極めて微細に傾斜はしているものの平滑に成形されるため、タイル素地を多段に積重てもガタつくことはない。   In the formed tile substrate, the molding surface 1 of the lower mold 2 forms the back surface of the tile, and the molding surface 1 made of rubber is compressed on the flat upper surface of the metal flat plate 21 made of metal. The bottom surface of the back of the formed tile does not have irregularities and is extremely finely inclined, but is formed smoothly, so that even if the tile substrates are stacked in multiple stages, there is no backlash.

又、成形時において、上記の様に可動するのは、下型2におけるラバー1及び金属平板21であって、下型2全体が動作しないので、第一実施例の様に下型2を三次元的に傾斜可能に可動させるために型枠3と下型2との間に狭小な隙間を設ける必要がなく、よって成形空間4内の粉体原料Wが型枠3と下型2との間に入り込んでその可動に支障を招く恐れが全くない。   Further, at the time of molding, the rubber 1 and the metal flat plate 21 in the lower mold 2 move as described above. Since the entire lower mold 2 does not operate, the lower mold 2 is tertiary as in the first embodiment. It is not necessary to provide a narrow gap between the mold 3 and the lower mold 2 in order to move the original in a tiltable manner. Therefore, the powder raw material W in the molding space 4 is separated from the mold 3 and the lower mold 2. There is no danger of getting in between and causing trouble in its movement.

タイルの成形金型の正面部分断面図である。It is a front fragmentary sectional view of the molding die of a tile. 下型の平面図である。It is a top view of a lower mold. 図1の要部拡大図である。It is a principal part enlarged view of FIG. 圧力受承台の平面図である。It is a top view of a pressure receiving stand. 第二実施例を示す要部断面図である。It is principal part sectional drawing which shows a 2nd Example. 図5の圧力受承台の平面図である。It is a top view of the pressure receiving stand of FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 成形面(ラバー)
1b ラバー裏面
2 下型
2a 底部
3 型枠
4 成形空間
5 上型
9 油圧シリンダ
9a ロッド
15 密閉空間
19 凹部
19a 周壁
20 柔軟材
21 金属平板
21a 底部
S 作動油
W 粉体原料
1 Molding surface (rubber)
1b Rubber back 2 Lower mold
2a Bottom 3 Formwork 4 Molding space 5 Upper mold 9 Hydraulic cylinder
9a rod
15 sealed space
19 Recess
19a wall
20 Flexible material
21 Metal plate
21a Bottom S Hydraulic oil W Powder raw material

Claims (2)

下型と型枠とにより形成される成形空間内に充填した粉体原料を上型にて圧縮成形する成形金型であって、下型は、その下方に直立配置した3本以上の油圧シリンダのロッドの先端に固定されることにより、水平に支持され、各油圧シリンダは作動油を充填した密閉空間に連通したことを特徴とするタイルの成形金型。   A molding die for compressing and molding a powder raw material filled in a molding space formed by a lower die and a mold with an upper die, the lower die being three or more hydraulic cylinders arranged upright below A tile molding die characterized in that the hydraulic cylinder is supported horizontally by being fixed to the tip of the rod, and each hydraulic cylinder communicates with a sealed space filled with hydraulic oil. 下型は、成形面をラバーで形成すると共に、該ラバーの周縁を細幅に残して水平に形成されたラバー裏面に平行に陥没させた凹部を形成し、該凹部内には、その周壁との間に柔軟材を介装すると共に、凹部高さより薄肉でラバー裏面に接着一体化した金属平板を設け、該金属平板の底部に下型の底部より凹部内に突入した各油圧シリンダのロッドの先端を固定したことを特徴とする請求項1記載のタイルの成形金型。   The lower mold has a molding surface formed of rubber and a recess recessed in parallel with a rubber back surface formed horizontally, leaving the periphery of the rubber narrow, and the peripheral wall includes a peripheral wall and In addition, a metal plate is provided between the bottom of the rubber plate and the bottom of the lower die is inserted into the recess from the bottom of the lower mold. The tile molding die according to claim 1, wherein the tip is fixed.
JP2008073628A 2007-04-05 2008-03-21 Tile mold Expired - Fee Related JP5085386B2 (en)

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CN107243828B (en) * 2017-06-20 2023-10-03 佛山市高明区新粤丰建材有限公司 Automatic tile feeding device for tile at light inlet of polishing

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JPH0410006Y2 (en) * 1987-05-27 1992-03-12
JP2729029B2 (en) * 1994-10-12 1998-03-18 新興窯業株式会社 Tile mold and method of manufacturing the mold
JPH08197525A (en) * 1995-01-25 1996-08-06 Shinko Yogyo Kk Molding tool for tile and manufacturing method for its molding tool
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