JP5051814B2 - Polysaccharide derivative and optical isomer separation filler using the same - Google Patents

Polysaccharide derivative and optical isomer separation filler using the same Download PDF

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JP5051814B2
JP5051814B2 JP2006127824A JP2006127824A JP5051814B2 JP 5051814 B2 JP5051814 B2 JP 5051814B2 JP 2006127824 A JP2006127824 A JP 2006127824A JP 2006127824 A JP2006127824 A JP 2006127824A JP 5051814 B2 JP5051814 B2 JP 5051814B2
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polysaccharide
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佳男 岡本
智代 山本
泰央 加藤
正己 上垣外
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Nagoya University NUC
Daicel Corp
Tokai National Higher Education and Research System NUC
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Description

本発明は、多糖の誘導体及びそれを用いた光学異性体分離用充填剤に関する。   The present invention relates to a polysaccharide derivative and a filler for separating optical isomers using the same.

多糖誘導体が光学異性体の分離に有効であることは従来より良く知られ、研究されてきた(特許文献1または2)。多糖誘導体としては、多糖のフェニルカルバメートやベンゾエート等種々の多糖誘導体が研究され、また光学異性体分離用充填剤として製品化されてきた。
しかし、これらの分離剤であらゆる光学異性体を分離できるわけではなく、また、分離対象化合物によっては分離が充分とは言えず、分離能について改良の余地があった。
このようなことから、従来研究され、製品化されてきた分離剤とは異なった化学構造をもち、これにより既存の分離剤とは異なる分離特性を有する、あるいはより高度な光学異性体識別能力を有する分離剤の開発が試みられている。例えば、特許文献3においては、多糖のエステル誘導体において、置換基が窒素を有するヘテロ芳香族化合物である例が開示されている。
しかし、ヘテロ原子を複数有する化合物を置換基として有する多糖誘導体や、その多糖誘導体上の複数のヘテロ原子に金属原子を配位させた多糖誘導体については一切検討されていない。
特許第1466384号明細書 特許第1799654号明細書 特開昭60−223801号公報
It has been well known and studied that a polysaccharide derivative is effective for separation of optical isomers (Patent Document 1 or 2). As polysaccharide derivatives, various polysaccharide derivatives such as polysaccharides phenylcarbamate and benzoate have been studied and commercialized as fillers for separating optical isomers.
However, not all optical isomers can be separated with these separating agents, and depending on the compound to be separated, separation cannot be said to be sufficient, and there is room for improvement in separation performance.
For this reason, it has a chemical structure that is different from the separation agents that have been studied and commercialized in the past, and thus has different separation characteristics from existing separation agents, or has a higher ability to discriminate optical isomers. Attempts have been made to develop a separating agent. For example, Patent Document 3 discloses an example in which a polysaccharide ester derivative is a heteroaromatic compound having nitrogen as a substituent.
However, a polysaccharide derivative having a compound having a plurality of heteroatoms as a substituent and a polysaccharide derivative in which a metal atom is coordinated to a plurality of heteroatoms on the polysaccharide derivative have not been studied at all.
Patent No. 1466384 Japanese Patent No. 1799654 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 60-223801

本発明は、光学異性体分離剤などとして有用な新規な多糖誘導体を提供することを課題とする。   An object of the present invention is to provide a novel polysaccharide derivative useful as an optical isomer separating agent.

本発明者らは上記課題を解決するために鋭意検討を行った。その結果、ビピリジル基などの、金属原子に配位可能なヘテロ原子を複数含む置換基が導入された多糖誘導体を合成することに成功し、さらに、該多糖誘導体が光学異性体分離剤として使用できることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。   The present inventors have intensively studied to solve the above problems. As a result, it succeeded in synthesizing a polysaccharide derivative introduced with a substituent containing a plurality of heteroatoms capable of coordinating to a metal atom such as a bipyridyl group, and the polysaccharide derivative can be used as an optical isomer separating agent. As a result, the present invention has been completed.

すなわち、本発明は以下のとおりである。
(1)置換基として下記式で表されるビピリジル基のいずれかが多糖の水酸基に導入された多糖誘導体であって、前記多糖がセルロースまたはアミロースである、多糖誘導体。

(2)前記置換基が、エステル結合、ウレタン結合またはエーテル結合により導入された、(1)に記載の多糖誘導体。
(3)前記ビピリジル基が有するヘテロ原子に金属原子が配位した、(1)または(2)に記載の多糖誘導体。
(4)前記金属原子が周期表で2族から14族のものである、(3)に記載の多糖誘導体。
(5)前記金属原子が銅、コバルト、鉄、ニッケル、亜鉛、またはルテニウムである(4)に記載の多糖誘導体。
(6)(1)〜(5)のいずれかに記載の多糖誘導体からなる光学異性体分離用充填剤。
That is, the present invention is as follows.
(1) A polysaccharide derivative in which any one of the bipyridyl groups represented by the following formula is introduced as a substituent into a hydroxyl group of the polysaccharide, and the polysaccharide is cellulose or amylose .

(2) The polysaccharide derivative according to (1), wherein the substituent is introduced by an ester bond, a urethane bond or an ether bond.
(3) The polysaccharide derivative according to (1) or (2), wherein a metal atom is coordinated to a heteroatom of the bipyridyl group.
(4) The polysaccharide derivative according to (3), wherein the metal atom is from Group 2 to Group 14 in the periodic table.
(5) The polysaccharide derivative according to (4), wherein the metal atom is copper, cobalt, iron, nickel, zinc, or ruthenium.
(6) A filler for separating optical isomers, comprising the polysaccharide derivative according to any one of (1) to (5).

本発明の多糖誘導体は、ヘテロ原子が複数導入されたことにより、多糖の高次構造に変化が生じて特徴的な光学異性体の分離特性を発揮する。また、金属原子との配位が可能になることから、金属原子との配位による特徴的な分離特性を発揮する。
In the polysaccharide derivative of the present invention, due to the introduction of a plurality of heteroatoms, a change occurs in the higher order structure of the polysaccharide, and the characteristic optical isomer separation property is exhibited. Further, since coordination with a metal atom becomes possible, a characteristic separation characteristic due to coordination with the metal atom is exhibited.

本発明の多糖誘導体は、金属原子に配位可能なヘテロ原子を複数含む置換基が導入された多糖誘導体である。ここで、金属原子に配位可能なヘテロ原子としては、非共有電子対を有するヘテロ原子が挙げられ、非共有電子対を有する、窒素原子、酸素原子、および硫黄原子などが例示でき、非共有電子対を有する窒素原子が好ましい。複数とは2個以上であればよく、好ましくは2個である。   The polysaccharide derivative of the present invention is a polysaccharide derivative into which a substituent containing a plurality of heteroatoms capable of coordinating with a metal atom is introduced. Here, the hetero atom that can be coordinated to the metal atom includes a hetero atom having an unshared electron pair, and examples thereof include a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, and a sulfur atom having an unshared electron pair. A nitrogen atom having an electron pair is preferred. The plural may be two or more, preferably two.

金属原子に配位可能なヘテロ原子を複数含む置換基としては、非共有電子対を有するヘテロ原子を複数含む、鎖状置換基、環状置換基、多環状置換基などが挙げられ、ヘテロ原子を複数含む環状の置換基、またはヘテロ原子を含む環が複数つながった置換基が好ましい。これらの環状置換基は芳香族置換基であることが好ましい。
ヘテロ原子を複数含む鎖状の置換基としては、アミノ基や水酸基などのヘテロ置換基を複数有する脂肪族炭化水素基などが挙げられ、具体的には、ジアミノアルキル基などが挙げられる。
ヘテロ原子を複数含む環状の置換基としては、非共有電子対を有するヘテロ原子を2以上含む複素環、例えば、イミダゾール基、ピラゾール基、イソチアゾール基、イソオキサゾール基などが挙げられる。
また、ヘテロ原子を複数含む環状の置換基としては、アミノ基や水酸基などのヘテロ置換基を有する複素環、例えば、アミノ基や水酸基などで環上の水素原子が置換された、ピロール、フラン、チオフェン、ピリジン、ピペリジンなどが挙げられる。
ヘテロ原子を含む環が複数つながった置換基としては、ピロール、フラン、チオフェン、ピリジン、ピペリジンなどの複素環が2つ以上つながった置換基が挙げられる。この中では、芳香族複素環が2つ以上つながった置換基が好ましく、ピリジンが2つ以上つながった置換基がより好ましく、ピリジンが2つつながった置換基(ビピリジル基)が特に好ましい。
Examples of the substituent containing a plurality of heteroatoms capable of coordinating to a metal atom include a chain substituent, a cyclic substituent, a polycyclic substituent, etc. containing a plurality of heteroatoms having an unshared electron pair. A plurality of cyclic substituents or a substituent in which a plurality of rings containing heteroatoms are connected is preferable. These cyclic substituents are preferably aromatic substituents.
Examples of the chain-like substituent containing a plurality of heteroatoms include an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having a plurality of hetero substituents such as an amino group and a hydroxyl group, and specific examples include a diaminoalkyl group.
Examples of the cyclic substituent containing a plurality of heteroatoms include heterocycles containing two or more heteroatoms having an unshared electron pair, such as an imidazole group, a pyrazole group, an isothiazole group, and an isoxazole group.
In addition, as a cyclic substituent containing a plurality of heteroatoms, a heterocyclic ring having a hetero substituent such as an amino group or a hydroxyl group, for example, a pyrrole, furan, a hydrogen atom on the ring substituted with an amino group or a hydroxyl group, Examples include thiophene, pyridine, piperidine and the like.
Examples of the substituent in which a plurality of rings containing a heteroatom are connected include a substituent in which two or more heterocycles such as pyrrole, furan, thiophene, pyridine, and piperidine are connected. Among these, a substituent in which two or more aromatic heterocycles are connected is preferable, a substituent in which two or more pyridines are connected is more preferable, and a substituent in which two pyridines are connected (bipyridyl group) is particularly preferable.

ビピリジル基の種類としては、下記のような基が挙げられる。
Examples of the bipyridyl group include the following groups.

金属原子に配位可能なヘテロ原子を複数含む置換基は、多糖誘導体の水酸基に導入されていることが好ましい。ここで、水酸基に導入されるとは、水酸基の酸素原子に結合することを意味する。上記置換基は水酸基の酸素原子に直接結合してもよいが、エステル結合、カルバメート結合またはエーテル結合を介して多糖の水酸基に導入されていることが好ましい。
なお、多糖の全ての水酸基が上記置換基で置換されていてもよいが、多糖の水酸基のうち、特定の位置の水酸基のみに上記置換基が導入されていてもよいし、多糖分子内の一部の水酸基のみに上記置換基が導入されていてもよい。また、多糖がアミノ基を有する多糖であるときは、水酸基とアミノ基の両方に上記置換基が導入されていてもよいし、水酸基のみに上記置換基が導入されていてもよい。
The substituent containing a plurality of heteroatoms that can be coordinated to a metal atom is preferably introduced into the hydroxyl group of the polysaccharide derivative. Here, being introduced into a hydroxyl group means bonding to an oxygen atom of the hydroxyl group. The substituent may be directly bonded to the oxygen atom of the hydroxyl group, but is preferably introduced to the hydroxyl group of the polysaccharide via an ester bond, carbamate bond or ether bond.
Although all the hydroxyl groups of the polysaccharide may be substituted with the above substituents, the above substituents may be introduced only into the hydroxyl groups at specific positions among the hydroxyl groups of the polysaccharide, The above substituents may be introduced only into the hydroxyl group of the part. Further, when the polysaccharide is a polysaccharide having an amino group, the substituent may be introduced into both the hydroxyl group and the amino group, or the substituent may be introduced only into the hydroxyl group.

本発明の多糖誘導体は、さらに、金属原子に配位可能なヘテロ原子を複数含む置換基以外の置換基が導入されていてもよい。
金属原子に配位可能なヘテロ原子を複数含む置換基以外の置換基としては、導入可能なものであれば特にその種類は限定されないが、好ましくは、下記の式(1)、式(2)、式(3)および式(4)のいずれかで示される置換基を挙げることができる。
R-NH-CO- … (1)、 R-X-NH-CO- … (2)、 R-CO- … (3)、 R-X-CO- … (4)
式(1)〜(4)中、Rはヘテロ原子を含んでもよい芳香族炭化水素基であり、無置換であっても、または炭素数1〜12のアルキル基、炭素数1〜12のアルコキシ基、炭素数1〜12のアルキルチオ基、シアノ基、ハロゲン原子、炭素数1〜8のアシル基、炭素数1〜8のアルコキシカルボニル基、ニトロ基、アミノ基および炭素数1〜8のアルキルアミノ基よりなる群から選択される少なくとも一種の置換基を有していても良い。これらの中でより好ましいRとしては、アルキル基またはハロゲンで置換されていてもよい、フェニル基、ナフチル基、フェナントリル基、アントラシル基、インデニル基、フリル基、チオニル基、ピリル基、ベンゾフリル基、ベンズチオニル基、インジル基、ピリジル基、ピリミジル基、キノリル基、イシキノリル基などを挙げることができる。これらの中でもさらに好ましいのは、アルキル基またはハロゲンで置換されていてもよい、フェニル基、ナフチル基、ピリジル基などであり、特に好ましいのはハロゲン化フェニル基およびアルキルフェニル基である。
式(1)〜(4)中、Xは炭素数1〜4の炭化水素基であり、二重結合または三重結合を含んでいても良い。Xとしては、メチレン基、メチルメチレン基、エチレン基、エチリデン基、エテニレン基、エチニレン基、1,2−または1,3−プロピレン基、1,1−
または2,2−プロピリジン基等を挙げることができる。
なお、本発明の多糖誘導体においては、金属原子に配位可能なヘテロ原子を複数含む置換基が導入された水酸基(及びアミノ基)以外の水酸基(及びアミノ基)に、全て上記式(1)〜(4)の置換基が導入されていてもよいし、無置換の水酸基(及びアミノ基)があってもよい。
In the polysaccharide derivative of the present invention, a substituent other than a substituent containing a plurality of heteroatoms capable of coordinating to a metal atom may be introduced.
The substituent other than the substituent containing a plurality of heteroatoms capable of coordinating to a metal atom is not particularly limited as long as it can be introduced. Preferably, the following formulas (1) and (2) are used. And substituents represented by any one of the formulas (3) and (4).
R-NH-CO- (1), RX-NH-CO- (2), R-CO- (3), RX-CO- (4)
In the formulas (1) to (4), R is an aromatic hydrocarbon group which may contain a hetero atom, which may be unsubstituted, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. Group, alkylthio group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, cyano group, halogen atom, acyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, alkoxycarbonyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, nitro group, amino group, and alkylamino having 1 to 8 carbon atoms It may have at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of groups. Among these, more preferable R is a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a phenanthryl group, an anthracyl group, an indenyl group, a furyl group, a thionyl group, a pyryl group, a benzofuryl group, or a benzthionyl group, which may be substituted with an alkyl group or halogen. A group, an indyl group, a pyridyl group, a pyrimidyl group, a quinolyl group, an ishiquinolyl group, and the like. Among these, more preferred are a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pyridyl group and the like, which may be substituted with an alkyl group or a halogen, and particularly preferred are a halogenated phenyl group and an alkylphenyl group.
In the formulas (1) to (4), X is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and may contain a double bond or a triple bond. X is methylene group, methylmethylene group, ethylene group, ethylidene group, ethenylene group, ethynylene group, 1,2- or 1,3-propylene group, 1,1-
Or a 2, 2- propylidine group etc. can be mentioned.
In the polysaccharide derivative of the present invention, all of the hydroxyl groups (and amino groups) other than the hydroxyl group (and amino group) introduced with a substituent containing a plurality of heteroatoms capable of coordinating to a metal atom are all represented by the above formula (1). The substituent of (4) may be introduced, and there may be an unsubstituted hydroxyl group (and amino group).

本発明の多糖誘導体の原料となる多糖は、合成多糖、天然多糖及び天然物変成多糖のいずれかを問わず、光学活性であればいかなるものでもよいが、好ましくは結合様式の規則性の高いものが望ましい。
例示すればβ−1,4−グルカン(セルロース)、α−1,4−グルカン(アミロース、アミロペクチン)、α−1,6−グルカン(デキストラン)、β−1,6−グルカン(ブスツラン)、β−1,3−グルカン(例えばカードラン、シゾフィラン等)、α−1,3−グルカン、β−1,2−グルカン(Crown Gall多糖)、β−1,4−ガラクタン、β−1,4−マンナン、α−1,6−マンナン、β−1,2−フラクタン(イヌリン)、β−2,6−フラクタン(レバン)、β−1,4−キシラン、β−1,3−キシラン、β−1,4−キトサン、α−1,4−N−アセチルキトサン(キチン)、プルラン、アガロース、アルギン酸等であり、アミロースを含有する澱粉も含まれる。
これらの中では、高純度の多糖を容易に入手できるセルロース、アミロース、β−1,4−キシラン、β−1,4−キトサン、キチン、β−1,4−マンナン、イヌリン、カードラン等が好ましく、特にセルロース、アミロースが好ましい。
多糖の数平均重合度(1分子中に含まれるピラノースあるいはフラノース環の平均数)は5以上、好ましくは10以上であり、特に上限はないが、1000以下であることが取り扱いの容易さの点で望ましい。
The polysaccharide used as a raw material for the polysaccharide derivative of the present invention may be any optically active material, regardless of whether it is a synthetic polysaccharide, a natural polysaccharide, or a natural product-modified polysaccharide. Is desirable.
For example, β-1,4-glucan (cellulose), α-1,4-glucan (amylose, amylopectin), α-1,6-glucan (dextran), β-1,6-glucan (bustulan), β -1,3-glucan (eg, curdlan, schizophyllan, etc.), α-1,3-glucan, β-1,2-glucan (Crown Gall polysaccharide), β-1,4-galactan, β-1,4- Mannan, α-1,6-mannan, β-1,2-fructan (inulin), β-2,6-fructan (levan), β-1,4-xylan, β-1,3-xylan, β- 1,4-chitosan, α-1,4-N-acetylchitosan (chitin), pullulan, agarose, alginic acid and the like, and starch containing amylose is also included.
Among these, cellulose, amylose, β-1,4-xylan, β-1,4-chitosan, chitin, β-1,4-mannan, inulin, curdlan and the like from which high-purity polysaccharides can be easily obtained. Cellulose and amylose are particularly preferable.
The number average degree of polymerization of the polysaccharide (the average number of pyranose or furanose rings contained in one molecule) is 5 or more, preferably 10 or more, and there is no particular upper limit. Is desirable.

本発明の多糖誘導体は、金属原子に配位可能なヘテロ原子を複数含む置換基を有し、多糖が有する水酸基(及びアミノ基)と反応しうる官能基を有する化合物を、原料の多糖に反応させることによって得ることができる。このような化合物としては、金属原子に配位可能なヘテロ原子を複数含む置換基を有する、カルボン酸、酸塩化物、酸無水物、酸エステル、イソシアン酸誘導体、アルコールなどを用いることができる。この置換基導入反応は、多糖誘導体を溶解することのできる溶媒(例えば、ピリジン)中、好ましくは加熱しながら行うことができる。   The polysaccharide derivative of the present invention reacts a raw material polysaccharide with a compound having a substituent containing a plurality of heteroatoms capable of coordinating to a metal atom and having a functional group capable of reacting with a hydroxyl group (and amino group) of the polysaccharide. Can be obtained. As such a compound, a carboxylic acid, an acid chloride, an acid anhydride, an acid ester, an isocyanic acid derivative, an alcohol, or the like having a substituent containing a plurality of heteroatoms that can coordinate to a metal atom can be used. This substituent introduction reaction can be performed in a solvent (for example, pyridine) capable of dissolving the polysaccharide derivative, preferably with heating.

また、上記式(1)〜(4)の置換基は、下記の式(5)〜(8)で示されるイソシアネートや酸クロリドと多糖とを反応させることにより、導入することができる。
R-N=C=O … (5)、 R-X-N=C=O … (6)、 R-CO-Cl … (7)、 R-X-CO-Cl … (8)ただし、式中、R およびXは前記と同様の意味を示す。
なお、本発明の多糖誘導体が、金属原子に配位可能なヘテロ原子を複数含む置換基と、式(1)〜(4)の置換基をともに有するものである場合、これらの置換基の導入は、どちらを先に行ってもよい。
Moreover, the substituent of said formula (1)-(4) can be introduce | transduced by making the isocyanate and acid chloride and polysaccharide which are shown by following formula (5)-(8) react.
RN = C = O (5), RXN = C = O (6), R-CO-Cl (7), RX-CO-Cl (8) where R 1 and X are as defined above The same meaning is shown.
In addition, when the polysaccharide derivative of the present invention has both a substituent containing a plurality of heteroatoms capable of coordinating to a metal atom and a substituent of formulas (1) to (4), introduction of these substituents Either may be done first.

本発明の多糖誘導体は、ヘテロ原子に金属原子を配位させたものであってもよい。配位させる金属原子の種類は特に制限されないが、周期表で2族から14族の金属原子が好ましく、Cu、Co、Fe、Ni、Zn、およびRuがより好ましい。   The polysaccharide derivative of the present invention may have a metal atom coordinated to a hetero atom. The type of metal atom to be coordinated is not particularly limited, but metal atoms of Group 2 to Group 14 are preferable in the periodic table, and Cu, Co, Fe, Ni, Zn, and Ru are more preferable.

本発明の多糖誘導体は光学異性体用分離剤として使用することができる。例えば、多糖誘導体を担体に担持させるか、または多糖誘導体自体を破砕、又は公知の方法により球状粒子化(例えば、特開平7−285889号公報)することにより光学異性体用分離剤を作製することができる。なお、ここでいう担持とは、担体上に多糖誘導体が固定化されていることである。担持方法は公知の担持方法を適用することができ、多糖誘導体と担体との間の物理的な吸着、担体との間の化学結合、多糖誘導体同士の化学結合、第三成分の化
学結合、多糖誘導体への光照射、ラジカル反応等の方法を適用することができる(例えば、特開平6−93002公報参照)。
The polysaccharide derivative of the present invention can be used as a separating agent for optical isomers. For example, a separating agent for optical isomers is prepared by supporting a polysaccharide derivative on a carrier, or crushing the polysaccharide derivative itself or making it into spherical particles by a known method (for example, JP-A-7-285889). Can do. Here, the term “support” means that a polysaccharide derivative is immobilized on a carrier. As the loading method, known loading methods can be applied. Physical adsorption between the polysaccharide derivative and the carrier, chemical bond between the carrier, chemical bond between the polysaccharide derivatives, chemical bond of the third component, polysaccharide Methods such as light irradiation to the derivative and radical reaction can be applied (for example, see JP-A-6-93002).

担体としては、多孔質有機担体及び多孔質無機担体が挙げられ、好ましくは多孔質無機担体である。多孔質担体の平均孔径は1nm〜100μmが好ましく、5nm〜5μmがより好ましい。多孔質有機担体として適当なものは、ポリスチレン、ポリアクリルアミド、ポリアクリレート等からなる高分子物質であり、多孔質無機担体として適当なものは、シリカ、アルミナ、マグネシア、ガラス、カオリン、酸化チタン、ケイ酸塩、ヒドロキシアパタイトなどである。
特に好ましい担体はシリカゲルであり、シリカゲルの粒径は1μm〜1mm、好ましくは1μm〜300μm、更に好ましくは1μm〜100μmである。
また、担体は、多糖誘導体との親和性を良くしたり、担体自身の表面の特性を改質するための処理を施したものを用いても良い。表面処理の方法としては有機シラン化合物によるシラン化処理やプラズマ重合による表面処理方法がある。
担体上への多糖誘導体の担持量は、光学異性体用分離剤100質量部に対して、1〜100質量部が好ましく、更に5〜60質量部が好ましく、特に10〜40質量部が好ましい。
Examples of the carrier include a porous organic carrier and a porous inorganic carrier, and a porous inorganic carrier is preferable. The average pore diameter of the porous carrier is preferably 1 nm to 100 μm, and more preferably 5 nm to 5 μm. Suitable materials for the porous organic carrier are polymeric substances composed of polystyrene, polyacrylamide, polyacrylate, etc., and suitable materials for the porous inorganic carrier are silica, alumina, magnesia, glass, kaolin, titanium oxide, silica. Acid salts, hydroxyapatite, and the like.
A particularly preferable carrier is silica gel, and the particle size of the silica gel is 1 μm to 1 mm, preferably 1 μm to 300 μm, and more preferably 1 μm to 100 μm.
Further, the carrier may be a carrier that has been treated to improve the affinity with the polysaccharide derivative or to modify the surface properties of the carrier itself. As the surface treatment method, there are a silanization treatment with an organosilane compound and a surface treatment method by plasma polymerization.
The amount of the polysaccharide derivative supported on the carrier is preferably 1 to 100 parts by weight, more preferably 5 to 60 parts by weight, and particularly preferably 10 to 40 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the separating agent for optical isomers.

また多糖誘導体自体を破砕又は球状粒子化するとき、乳鉢等を用いることで得られた破砕状又は球状の多糖誘導体は、分級して粒度を揃えておくことが望ましい。   Further, when the polysaccharide derivative itself is crushed or formed into spherical particles, it is desirable that the crushed or spherical polysaccharide derivative obtained by using a mortar or the like is classified to have a uniform particle size.

多糖誘導体から作製される光学異性体用分離剤は、例えば、クロマトグラフィーの固定相として用いることができ、ガスクロマトグラフィー、液体クロマトグラフィー、薄層クロマトグラフィー、超臨界流体クロマトグラフィー、電気泳動等に適用することができ、特に(連続式)液体クロマトグラフィー法、薄層クロマトグラフィー、電気泳動に好適である。また、クロマトグラフィー用分離剤のみならず、ホストゲスト分離剤、膜分離、液晶材料への応用もできる。
Separating agents for optical isomers produced from polysaccharide derivatives can be used, for example, as a stationary phase for chromatography, and can be used for gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, thin layer chromatography, supercritical fluid chromatography, electrophoresis, etc. It can be applied and is particularly suitable for (continuous) liquid chromatography, thin layer chromatography, and electrophoresis. Moreover, it can be applied not only to chromatographic separation agents, but also to host guest separation agents, membrane separations, and liquid crystal materials.

I.ピリジル基を有する多糖誘導体の合成と光学分割
1.合成
1-1.ビピリジル酸クロライドの合成
1-1-1.bromomethyl pyridyl ketone の合成 (H. N. Wingfield Jr, J. Org. Chem., 24, 872-873 (1981))

ピリジニウムブロミドぺルブロミド(25.0 g, 78 mmol)を60〜70℃に加熱しながら氷酢酸(300 mL)に溶解させ、2-アセチルピリジン(9.0 g, 74 mmol)と氷酢酸(32%臭化水素酸を含む)(30 mL)を加え6時間反応させた。反応終了後放冷し、ジエチルエーテル(600 mL)を加え、結晶熟成のため0 ℃で一晩寝かせた。析出した結晶をろ過し、ジエチルエーテルおよびアセトンで洗浄を行い、bromomethyl pyridyl ketone(21.1 g, yield>99%)を得た。
I. Synthesis and optical resolution of polysaccharide derivatives having a pyridyl group Synthesis 1-1. Synthesis of bipyridyl chloride 1-1-1. Synthesis of bromomethyl pyridyl ketone (HN Wingfield Jr, J. Org. Chem., 24, 872-873 (1981))

Pyridinium bromide perbromide (25.0 g, 78 mmol) was dissolved in glacial acetic acid (300 mL) while heating to 60-70 ° C, and 2-acetylpyridine (9.0 g, 74 mmol) and glacial acetic acid (32% hydrogen bromide) were dissolved. (Containing acid) (30 mL) was added and reacted for 6 hours. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was allowed to cool, diethyl ether (600 mL) was added, and the mixture was allowed to sleep overnight at 0 ° C. for crystal ripening. The precipitated crystals were filtered and washed with diethyl ether and acetone to obtain bromomethyl pyridyl ketone (21.1 g, yield> 99%).

1-1-2.N-(2-pyridylcarbonylmethyl)pyridinium bromideの合成 (P. N. P. Rao, M. Amini, H. Li, A. G. Habeeb, and E. E. Knaus, J. Med. Chem., 46, 4872-4882 (2003)
)

窒素雰囲気下、1-1-1で合成したbromomethyl pyridyl ketone(21.2 g, 106 mmol)、脱水テトラヒドロフラン(THF)(350 mL)を加え撹拌した。その後、脱水ピリジン(10.0 g, 127 mmol)を加え室温で6時間反応させた。反応終了後、ろ過しTHFで洗浄することでN-(2-pyridylcarbonylmethyl)pyridinium bromide(29.1 g, yield:99%)を得た。
1-1-2. Synthesis of N- (2-pyridylcarbonylmethyl) pyridinium bromide (PNP Rao, M. Amini, H. Li, AG Habeeb, and EE Knaus, J. Med. Chem., 46, 4872-4882 (2003)
)

In a nitrogen atmosphere, bromomethyl pyridyl ketone (21.2 g, 106 mmol) synthesized in 1-1-1 and dehydrated tetrahydrofuran (THF) (350 mL) were added and stirred. Then, dehydrated pyridine (10.0 g, 127 mmol) was added and reacted at room temperature for 6 hours. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was filtered and washed with THF to obtain N- (2-pyridylcarbonylmethyl) pyridinium bromide (29.1 g, yield: 99%).

1-1-3.5-methyl-2,2’-bipyridineの合成 (F. Krohnke, Synthesis, 1, 1-24 (1976))

1-1-2で合成したN-(2-pyridylcarbonylmethyl)pyridinium bromide(23.3 g, 84 mmol)、NH4OAc(14.2 g, 184 mmol)、ホルムアミド(100 mL)を窒素下で加え撹拌した。そこにメタクロレイン(8.3 mL, 101 mmol)を加え、60〜70 ℃で6時間反応させた後、ジエチルエーテル及び水で洗浄し有機相を抽出した。得られた有機相を硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥させ、エバポレーターでジエチルエーテルをとばし、5-methyl-2,2’-bipyridine(8.1 g, yield:46%)を得た。
1-1-3. Synthesis of 5-methyl-2,2'-bipyridine (F. Krohnke, Synthesis, 1, 1-24 (1976))

N- (2-pyridylcarbonylmethyl) pyridinium bromide (23.3 g, 84 mmol), NH 4 OAc (14.2 g, 184 mmol) and formamide (100 mL) synthesized in 1-1-2 were added and stirred under nitrogen. Then methacrolein (8.3 mL, 101 mmol) was added and reacted at 60-70 ° C. for 6 hours, followed by washing with diethyl ether and water to extract the organic phase. The obtained organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate, and diethyl ether was removed with an evaporator to obtain 5-methyl-2,2′-bipyridine (8.1 g, yield: 46%).

1-1-4.5-carboxy-2,2’-bipyridineの合成 (N. C. Fletcher, M. Nieuwenhuyzen, and S. Rainey, J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans., 2001, 2641-2648)

1-1-3で合成した5-methyl-2,2’-bipyridine(8.1 g, 47.6 mmol)にH2O(60 mL)を加え70℃で撹拌し、KMnO4(32 g)を加えた。70 ℃で3時間、90 ℃で12時間反応を行った。その後、Celiteを用いて熱ろ過し、得られたろ液にHCl水溶液を徐々に加えていき、白色の沈殿物を生成させた。一晩0 ℃で沈殿物を熟成させた後、凍結乾燥して5-carboxy-2,2’-bipyridine (7.0 g, yield:73%)を得た。
1-1-4-Synthesis of 5-carboxy-2,2'-bipyridine (NC Fletcher, M. Nieuwenhuyzen, and S. Rainey, J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans., 2001, 2641-2648)

H 2 O (60 mL) was added to 5-methyl-2,2′-bipyridine (8.1 g, 47.6 mmol) synthesized in 1-1-3, stirred at 70 ° C., and KMnO 4 (32 g) was added. . The reaction was carried out at 70 ° C. for 3 hours and at 90 ° C. for 12 hours. Then, it filtered hot using Celite, HCl aqueous solution was gradually added to the obtained filtrate, and the white precipitate was produced | generated. The precipitate was aged at 0 ° C. overnight and then freeze-dried to obtain 5-carboxy-2,2′-bipyridine (7.0 g, yield: 73%).

1-1-5. 5-chlorocarbonyl-2,2’-bipyridineの合成 (N. C. Fletcher, M. Nieuwenhuyzen, and S. Rainey, J. Chem. Soc., Dalion Trans., 2001, 2641-2648)

1-1-4で合成した 5-carboxy-2,2’-bipyridine (1.1 g, 5.6 mmol)に窒素雰囲気下で塩化チオニル(100 mL)を加えていった。滴下終了後80 ℃で6時間反応させた。反応終了後、真空乾燥させ、 5-chlorocarbonyl-2,2’-bipyridineを得た。
1-1-5. Synthesis of 5-chlorocarbonyl-2,2'-bipyridine (NC Fletcher, M. Nieuwenhuyzen, and S. Rainey, J. Chem. Soc., Dalion Trans., 2001, 2641-2648)

Thionyl chloride (100 mL) was added to 5-carboxy-2,2′-bipyridine (1.1 g, 5.6 mmol) synthesized in 1-1-4 under a nitrogen atmosphere. After completion of the dropwise addition, the reaction was carried out at 80 ° C. for 6 hours. After completion of the reaction, vacuum drying was performed to obtain 5-chlorocarbonyl-2,2′-bipyridine.

1-2.ビピリジル基を有するセルロース誘導体の合成
[合成例1]
1-2-1.2,3,6位にビピリジル基を有するセルロース誘導体cellulose 2,3,6-tris(2,2’-bipyridine-5-carboxylate) [c-236(bpy-e)]の合成

セルロース(0.4 g, 2.5 mmol)に窒素雰囲気下でN,N-ジメチルアセトアミド(DMA)(12 mL)を加え85 ℃、24時間撹拌した。その後、室温まで放冷し、リチウムクロライド(0.62 g)加え、室温で12時間撹拌し均一なセルロース溶液を得た。そこに1-1-5で合成した5-chlorocarbonyl-2,2’-bipyridine (2.5 g, 11.4 mmol)およびピリジン(30 mL)を加え、80 ℃で24時間反応させた。反応の進行をIRスペクトルで確認後、過剰のメタノールに滴下回収し、真空乾燥することでc-236(bpy-e)(1.48 g, yield:79%)を得た。
1-2. Synthesis of cellulose derivative having bipyridyl group [Synthesis Example 1]
1-2-1. Cellulose derivative with bipyridyl group at 2,3,6 position of cellulose 2,3,6-tris (2,2'-bipyridine-5-carboxylate) [c-236 (bpy-e)] Composition

N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) (12 mL) was added to cellulose (0.4 g, 2.5 mmol) under a nitrogen atmosphere, and the mixture was stirred at 85 ° C. for 24 hours. Thereafter, the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, lithium chloride (0.62 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours to obtain a uniform cellulose solution. 5-chlorocarbonyl-2,2′-bipyridine (2.5 g, 11.4 mmol) and pyridine (30 mL) synthesized in 1-1-5 were added thereto and reacted at 80 ° C. for 24 hours. After confirming the progress of the reaction by IR spectrum, it was recovered by dropping in excess methanol and vacuum-dried to obtain c-236 (bpy-e) (1.48 g, yield: 79%).

[合成例2]
1-2-2.6位だけにビピリジル基を有するセルロース誘導体cellulose 2,3-bis(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)-6-(2,2’-bipyridine-5-carboxylate) [c-23(35dp-c)-6(bpy-e)]の合成
1-2-2-1.6-O-trityl celluloseの合成

セルロース(3.0 g, 18.6 mmol)に窒素雰囲気下でN,N-ジメチルアセトアミド(DMA)(14
0 mL)を加え85 ℃、24時間撹拌した。その後、室温まで放冷し、リチウムクロライド(8.0
g)加え、室温で12時間撹拌し均一なセルロース溶液を得た。そこにトリフェニルクロロメタン(7.6 g, 27.8 mmol)およびピリジン(90 mL)を加え、90 ℃で24時間反応させた。反応の進行をIRスペクトルで確認後、過剰のメタノールに滴下して回収し、真空乾燥することで6-O-trityl cellulose(5.8 g, yield:70%)を得た。
[Synthesis Example 2]
1-2.2-Cellulose derivative with bipyridyl group only at 6-position cellulose 2,3-bis (3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) -6- (2,2'-bipyridine-5-carboxylate) [c-23 (35dp -c) -6 (bpy-e)] 1-2-2-1. Synthesis of 6-O-trityl cellulose

N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) (14) in cellulose (3.0 g, 18.6 mmol) under nitrogen atmosphere
0 mL) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 85 ° C. for 24 hours. Then, it is allowed to cool to room temperature and lithium chloride (8.0
g) and stirred at room temperature for 12 hours to obtain a uniform cellulose solution. Triphenylchloromethane (7.6 g, 27.8 mmol) and pyridine (90 mL) were added thereto and reacted at 90 ° C. for 24 hours. After confirming the progress of the reaction by IR spectrum, the reaction mixture was dropped into excess methanol and recovered, followed by vacuum drying to obtain 6-O-trityl cellulose (5.8 g, yield: 70%).

1-2-2-2.2,3-bis(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamoyl)-6-O-trityl celluloseの合成

1-2-2-1で合成した6-O-trityl celluloseに窒素雰囲気下でピリジン(30 mL)を加えてセルロース誘導体を溶かした後、3,5-ジメチルフェニルイソシアナート(2.6 g)を加え85 ℃で30時間反応させた。反応の進行をIRスペクトルで確認後、過剰のメタノールに滴下して回収し、真空乾燥することで2,3-bis(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamoyl)-6-O-trityl celluloseを得た。
1-2-2-2-2 Synthesis of 2,3-bis (3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamoyl) -6-O-trityl cellulose

To 6-O-trityl cellulose synthesized in 1-2-2-1, pyridine (30 mL) was added under a nitrogen atmosphere to dissolve the cellulose derivative, and then 3,5-dimethylphenyl isocyanate (2.6 g) was added. The reaction was carried out at 85 ° C. for 30 hours. After confirming the progress of the reaction by IR spectrum, the reaction mixture was dropped into excess methanol, collected, and vacuum-dried to obtain 2,3-bis (3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamoyl) -6-O-trityl cellulose.

1-2-2-3.cellulose 2,3-bis(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)の合成

1-2-2-2で合成した2,3-bis(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamoyl)-6-O-trityl celluloseを1% HCl/MeOH(300 mL)に加え、室温で36時間反応させた。反応終了後、メタノールで十分に洗浄し、真空乾燥することでcellulose 2,3-bis(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)を得た。
1-2-2-3. Synthesis of cellulose 2,3-bis (3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)

2,3-bis (3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamoyl) -6-O-trityl cellulose synthesized in 1-2-2-2 was added to 1% HCl / MeOH (300 mL) and reacted at room temperature for 36 hours. After the reaction was completed, the product was thoroughly washed with methanol and vacuum dried to obtain cellulose 2,3-bis (3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate).

1-2-2-4.c-23(35dp-c)-6(bpy-e)の合成

1-2-2-3で合成したcellulose 2,3-bis(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) (1.00 g, 2.19 mmol)に窒素雰囲気下でピリジン(25 mL)を加えてセルロース誘導体を溶かした後、1-1-5で合成した5-chlorocarbonyl-2,2’-bipyridine (1.03 g, 4.71 mmol)を加え85 ℃で30時間反応させた。反応の進行をIRスペクトルで確認後、過剰のメタノールに滴下して回収し、真空乾燥することでc-23(35dp-c)-6(bpy-e)を得た。
1-2-2-4. Synthesis of c-23 (35dp-c) -6 (bpy-e)

After cellulose derivative was dissolved by adding pyridine (25 mL) to cellulose 2,3-bis (3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) (1.00 g, 2.19 mmol) synthesized in 1-2-2-3 under nitrogen atmosphere, 5-chlorocarbonyl-2,2′-bipyridine (1.03 g, 4.71 mmol) synthesized in 1-1-5 was added and reacted at 85 ° C. for 30 hours. After confirming the progress of the reaction by IR spectrum, it was dropped into excess methanol and collected, and dried in vacuum to obtain c-23 (35dp-c) -6 (bpy-e).

[合成例3]
1-2-3.6位だけにビピリジル基を有するセルロース誘導体cellulose 2,3-dibenzoate-6-(2,2’-bipyridine-5-carboxylate) [c-23(bz-e)-6(bpy-e)]の合成
1-2-3-1.2,3-dibenzoyloxy-6-O-trityl celluloseの合成

1-2-2-1で合成した6-O-trityl cellulose(1.6 g, 4.0 mmol)に窒素雰囲気下でピリジン(30 mL)を加えてセルロース誘導体を溶かした後、 ベンゾイルクロライド(1.6 g, 11
mmol)を加え85 ℃で30時間反応させた。反応の進行をIRスペクトルで確認後、過剰のメタノールに滴下して回収し、真空乾燥することで2,3-dibenzoyloxy-6-O-trityl cellulose(2.1 g, yield:88%)を得た。
[Synthesis Example 3]
1-2.3.6 Cellulose derivative having bipyridyl group only at position 6 cellulose 2,3-dibenzoate-6- (2,2'-bipyridine-5-carboxylate) [c-23 (bz-e) -6 (bpy -e)] 1-2-3-1. Synthesis of 2,3-dibenzoyloxy-6-O-trityl cellulose

6-O-trityl cellulose (1.6 g, 4.0 mmol) synthesized in 1-2-2-1 was added with pyridine (30 mL) under a nitrogen atmosphere to dissolve the cellulose derivative, and then benzoyl chloride (1.6 g, 11
mmol) was added and reacted at 85 ° C. for 30 hours. After confirming the progress of the reaction by IR spectrum, the reaction mixture was dropped into excess methanol and recovered, followed by vacuum drying to obtain 2,3-dibenzoyloxy-6-O-trityl cellulose (2.1 g, yield: 88%).

1-2-3-2.cellulose 2,3-dibenzoateの合成
1-2-3-1で合成した2,3-dibenzoyloxy-6-O-trityl celluloseを1% HCl/MeOH(300 mL)に加え、室温で36時間反応させた。反応終了後、メタノールで十分に洗浄し、真空乾燥することでcellulose 2,3-dibenzoate (1.1 g, yield:96%)を得た。
1-2-2-2. Synthesis of cellulose 2,3-dibenzoate 2,3-dibenzoyloxy-6-O-trityl cellulose synthesized in 1-2-3-1 was added to 1% HCl / MeOH (300 mL) and reacted at room temperature for 36 hours. . After completion of the reaction, the product was thoroughly washed with methanol and vacuum dried to obtain cellulose 2,3-dibenzoate (1.1 g, yield: 96%).

1-2-3-3.c-23(bz-e)-6(bpy-e)の合成

1-2-3-2で合成したcellulose 2,3-dibenzoate (1.1 g, 3.0 mmol)に窒素雰囲気下でピリジン(25 mL)を加えてセルロース誘導体を溶かした後、1-1-5で合成した5-chlorocarbonyl-2,2’-bipyridine (1.2 g, 5.5 mmol)/DMA(25 mL)溶液を加え85 ℃で30時間反応させた。反応の進行をIRスペクトルで確認後、過剰のメタノールに滴下して回収し、真空乾燥することでc-23(bz-e)-6(bpy-e)(1.3 g, yield:78%)を得た。
1-2-3-3. Synthesis of c-23 (bz-e) -6 (bpy-e)

To cellulose 2,3-dibenzoate (1.1 g, 3.0 mmol) synthesized in 1-2-2-2, pyridine (25 mL) was added in a nitrogen atmosphere to dissolve the cellulose derivative, and then synthesized in 1-1-5. The 5-chlorocarbonyl-2,2′-bipyridine (1.2 g, 5.5 mmol) / DMA (25 mL) solution was added and reacted at 85 ° C. for 30 hours. After confirming the progress of the reaction by IR spectrum, it was dropped into excess methanol, recovered, and vacuum dried to obtain c-23 (bz-e) -6 (bpy-e) (1.3 g, yield: 78%). Obtained.

[合成例4]
1-2-4.2,3位だけにビピリジル基を有するセルロース誘導体cellulose 2,3-bis(2,2’-bipyridine-5-carboxylate)-6-(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) [c-23(bpy-e)-6(35dp-c)]の合成
1-2-4-1.2,3-bis(2,2’-bipyridine-5-carbonyloxy)-6-O-trityl celluloseの合成

1-2-2-1で合成した6-O-trityl cellulose(1.5 g, 3.7 mmol)に窒素雰囲気下でピリジン(30 mL)を加えてセルロース誘導体を溶かした後、 1-1-5で合成した5-chlorocarbonyl-2,2’-bipyridine (2.9 g, 13 mmol)/DMA(25 mL)溶液を加え85 ℃で72時間反応させた。反応の進行をIRスペクトルで確認後、過剰のメタノールに滴下して回収し、真空乾燥することで2,3-bis(2,2’-bipyridine-5-carbonyloxy)-6-O-trityl cellulose (2.3 g,
yield:76%)を得た。
[Synthesis Example 4]
1-2-4 Cellulose derivative with bipyridyl group only at 2,3 position cellulose 2,3-bis (2,2'-bipyridine-5-carboxylate) -6- (3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) [c-23 Synthesis of (bpy-e) -6 (35dp-c)] 1-2-4-1-1 Synthesis of 2,3-bis (2,2'-bipyridine-5-carbonyloxy) -6-O-trityl cellulose

6-O-trityl cellulose (1.5 g, 3.7 mmol) synthesized in 1-2-2-1 was added with pyridine (30 mL) in a nitrogen atmosphere to dissolve the cellulose derivative, and then synthesized in 1-1-5. The 5-chlorocarbonyl-2,2′-bipyridine (2.9 g, 13 mmol) / DMA (25 mL) solution was added and reacted at 85 ° C. for 72 hours. After confirming the progress of the reaction by IR spectrum, it was dropped into excess methanol, recovered, and dried in vacuo to give 2,3-bis (2,2'-bipyridine-5-carbonyloxy) -6-O-trityl cellulose ( 2.3 g,
yield: 76%).

1-2-4-2.cellulose 2,3-bis(2,2’-bipyridine-5-carboxylate)の合成

1-2-4-1で合成された2,3-bis(2,2’-bipyridine-5-carbonyloxy)-6-O-trityl cell
uloseを2% HCl/MeOH(300 mL)に加え、50 ℃で24時間反応させた。反応終了後、炭酸水素ナトリウムを加え溶液を中性にすることで析出させ、水/メタノールで十分に洗浄し、真空乾燥することでcellulose 2,3-bis(2,2’-bipyridine-5-carboxylate)(0.5 g, yield:39%)を得た。
1-2-4-2. Synthesis of cellulose 2,3-bis (2,2'-bipyridine-5-carboxylate)

2,3-bis (2,2'-bipyridine-5-carbonyloxy) -6-O-trityl cell synthesized in 1-2-4-1
ulose was added to 2% HCl / MeOH (300 mL) and reacted at 50 ° C. for 24 hours. After completion of the reaction, sodium bicarbonate is added to neutralize the solution, and the solution is washed thoroughly with water / methanol and vacuum dried to make cellulose 2,3-bis (2,2'-bipyridine-5- carboxylate) (0.5 g, yield: 39%).

1-2-4-3.c-23(bpy-e)-6(35dp-c)の合成

1-2-4-2で合成したcellulose 2,3-bis(2,2’-bipyridine-5-carboxylate)(1.0 g)に窒素雰囲気下でピリジン(20 mL)を加えてセルロース誘導体を溶かした後、3,5-ジメチルフェニルイソシアナート(1 mL)を加え85 ℃で30時間反応させた。反応の進行をIRスペクトルで確認後、過剰のメタノールに滴下して回収し、真空乾燥することでc-23(bpy-e)-6(35dp-c)を得た。
1-2-4-3. Synthesis of c-23 (bpy-e) -6 (35dp-c)

Cellulose derivatives were dissolved by adding pyridine (20 mL) to cellulose 2,3-bis (2,2'-bipyridine-5-carboxylate) (1.0 g) synthesized in 1-2-4-2 under a nitrogen atmosphere. Then, 3,5-dimethylphenyl isocyanate (1 mL) was added and reacted at 85 ° C. for 30 hours. After confirming the progress of the reaction by IR spectrum, it was dropped into excess methanol, recovered, and vacuum-dried to obtain c-23 (bpy-e) -6 (35dp-c).

[合成例5]
1-2-5.2,3位だけにビピリジル基を有するセルロース誘導体cellulose 2,3-bis(2,2’-bipyridine-5-carboxylate)-6-benzoate [c-23(bpy-e)-6(bz-e)]の合成

1-2-4-2で合成したcellulose 2,3-bis(2,2’-bipyridine-5-carboxylate)(0.5 g)に窒素雰囲気下でピリジン(20 mL)を加えてセルロース誘導体を溶かした後、ベンゾイルクロライド (3.9 g, excess)を加え80 ℃で18時間反応させた。反応の進行をIRスペクトルで確認後、過剰のメタノールに滴下して回収し、真空乾燥することでc-23(bpy-e)-6(bz-e)(0.49 g, yield:84%)を得た。
[Synthesis Example 5]
1-2-5.Cellulose derivative having bipyridyl group only at 2,3 position cellulose 2,3-bis (2,2'-bipyridine-5-carboxylate) -6-benzoate [c-23 (bpy-e)- 6 (bz-e)]

To cellulose 2,3-bis (2,2'-bipyridine-5-carboxylate) (0.5 g) synthesized in 1-2-4-2, pyridine (20 mL) was added in a nitrogen atmosphere to dissolve the cellulose derivative. Then, benzoyl chloride (3.9 g, excess) was added and reacted at 80 ° C. for 18 hours. After confirming the progress of the reaction by IR spectrum, it was dropped into excess methanol, collected, and vacuum dried to obtain c-23 (bpy-e) -6 (bz-e) (0.49 g, yield: 84%). Obtained.

[合成例6]
1-3.ピリジルカルバメート基を有するセルロース誘導体cellulose 2,3,6-tris(3-pyridylcarbamate) [c-236(3py-c)]の合成
1-3-1.3-pyridylisocyanateの合成 (B. P. Bandgar and S. S. Pandit, Tetrahedron
Lett., 43, 3413-3414 (2002))

塩化シアヌル(5.5 g, 30 mmol)にクロロホルム(162 mL)を加え溶解させ、N-メチルモルホリン(9 g, 89 mmol)を加えて30分間-5〜5 ℃で反応させると不溶物質が生じた。温度を-5〜5 ℃に保ったまま、ニコチン酸(10 g, 81.2 mmol)クロロホルム(56 mL)懸濁液をキャニュラーによって徐々に加え、0 ℃で2時間反応させた。その後、キャニュラーろ過をしてろ液のみを回収し、アジ化ナトリウム(5.8 g, 89 mmol)を加え、室温で一晩反応させた。得られた溶液をNaHCO3で3回、H2Oで数回洗浄し、有機相を抽出してNa2SO4で3時間乾燥させた後、エバポレーターで濃縮し、3-pyridylazide(4.6 g, yield:39%)を得た。その固体をピリジンに溶解させ、80 ℃まで温度を上げると窒素が発生し転移が起こった。転移反応を3時間行い、IRスペクトルでイソシアナートの生成を確認し、反応を終了して黒色の溶液、3-pyridylisocyanate/ピリジンを得た。
[Synthesis Example 6]
1-3. Synthesis of cellulose derivatives having a pyridylcarbamate group cellulose 2,3,6-tris (3-pyridylcarbamate) [c-236 (3py-c)] 1-3-1. Synthesis of 3-pyridylisocyanate (BP Bandgar and SS Pandit, Tetrahedron
Lett., 43, 3413-3414 (2002))

Insoluble material was generated when chloroform (162 mL) was added to cyanuric chloride (5.5 g, 30 mmol) and dissolved, and N-methylmorpholine (9 g, 89 mmol) was added and reacted at -5-5 ° C for 30 minutes. . While maintaining the temperature at −5 to 5 ° C., a suspension of nicotinic acid (10 g, 81.2 mmol) in chloroform (56 mL) was gradually added by a cannula and reacted at 0 ° C. for 2 hours. Thereafter, cannular filtration was performed to collect only the filtrate, sodium azide (5.8 g, 89 mmol) was added, and the mixture was reacted at room temperature overnight. The resulting solution was washed 3 times with NaHCO 3 and several times with H 2 O, the organic phase was extracted and dried over Na 2 SO 4 for 3 hours, then concentrated with an evaporator, and 3-pyridylazide (4.6 g, yield: 39%). When the solid was dissolved in pyridine and the temperature was raised to 80 ° C., nitrogen was generated and a transition occurred. The transfer reaction was carried out for 3 hours, and the formation of isocyanate was confirmed by IR spectrum. The reaction was terminated to obtain a black solution, 3-pyridylisocyanate / pyridine.

1-3-2.c-236(3py-c)の合成

セルロース(0.4 g, 2.5 mmol)に窒素雰囲気下でN,N-ジメチルアセトアミド(DMA)(20 mL)を加え85 ℃、24時間撹拌した。その後、室温まで放冷し、リチウムクロライド(1.4 g)加え、室温で12時間撹拌し均一なセルロース溶液を得た。そこに1-3-1で合成した3-pyridylisocyanate/ピリジンを加え、80 ℃で24時間反応させた。反応の進行をIRスペクトルで確認後、過剰のメタノールに滴下回収し、真空乾燥することでc-236(3py-c)(1.1 g, yield:85%)を得た。
1-3-2. Synthesis of c-236 (3py-c)

N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) (20 mL) was added to cellulose (0.4 g, 2.5 mmol) under a nitrogen atmosphere, and the mixture was stirred at 85 ° C. for 24 hours. Thereafter, the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, lithium chloride (1.4 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours to obtain a uniform cellulose solution. 3-pyridylisocyanate / pyridine synthesized in 1-3-1 was added thereto and reacted at 80 ° C. for 24 hours. After confirming the progress of the reaction by IR spectrum, it was dropped into excess methanol and collected by vacuum drying to obtain c-236 (3py-c) (1.1 g, yield: 85%).

2.HPLC用カラムの作成
2-1.担持・充填
合成例1〜6で得られたセルロース誘導体をそれぞれ以下の表1に記載の溶媒に溶解させ、表面処理したシリカゲルに担持を行い物理吸着させた。その後、ヘキサン/2-プロパノール=90/10でステンレススチールのカラムにスラリー法で充填した。充填したカラム(表1に示したサイズのもの)をそれぞれ用いた。
2. Preparation of HPLC column 2-1. Supporting / Packing Synthesis The cellulose derivatives obtained in Synthesis Examples 1 to 6 were dissolved in the solvents shown in Table 1 below, supported on surface-treated silica gel, and physically adsorbed. Thereafter, the mixture was filled in a stainless steel column with hexane / 2-propanol = 90/10 by a slurry method. Each packed column (of the size shown in Table 1) was used.

2-2.銅イオンの配位
2-1でセルロース誘導体を担持させたシリカゲルを充填したカラムに、10 mM CuSO4 水溶液を流速0.2 mL/minで72時間流すことで銅イオンを配位させた。ポリマーが青色を帯びた時点で完全に配位したとした。
2-2. Coordination of copper ions Copper ions were coordinated by flowing a 10 mM CuSO 4 aqueous solution at a flow rate of 0.2 mL / min for 72 hours through a column packed with silica gel carrying a cellulose derivative in 2-1. The polymer was completely coordinated when it turned blue.

3.光学分割能評価
合成例1〜5のセルロース誘導体を担持させたシリカゲルを充填したカラムを、そのまま、又は金属を配位させて、表2〜4に示す10種類のラセミ体の光学分割に用いた(実施例1〜5:表2,3)。また、合成例6のセルロース誘導体を担持させたシリカゲルを充填したカラムを、そのまま、又は金属を配位させて、10種類のラセミ体の光学分割に用いた(比較例:表4)。
これらのセルロース誘導体カラムをHPLCにつなげ、溶離液ヘキサン/2-プロパノール=90/10を流速0.5 mL/minおよび0.1 mL/minで流し、10種類のラセミ体を用いて光学分割能を評価した。なお、理論段数Nはベンゼンのチャートから、溶離液がカラム内を素通りする時間t0は1,3,5-トリ-tert-ブチルベンゼン求めた。
3. Evaluation of optical resolution The column packed with silica gel carrying the cellulose derivatives of Synthesis Examples 1 to 5 was used as it was or after metal coordination, and used for optical resolution of 10 racemates shown in Tables 2 to 4. (Examples 1 to 5: Tables 2 and 3). In addition, the column packed with the silica gel carrying the cellulose derivative of Synthesis Example 6 was used as it was or with a metal coordinated for optical resolution of 10 racemates (Comparative Example: Table 4).
These cellulose derivative columns were connected to HPLC, and eluent hexane / 2-propanol = 90/10 was flowed at a flow rate of 0.5 mL / min and 0.1 mL / min, and optical resolution was evaluated using 10 racemates. The theoretical plate number N was determined from 1,3,5-tri-tert-butylbenzene from the benzene chart as the time t 0 during which the eluent passes through the column.

なお、HPLCは、PU-980(製造社名JASCO)を用い、溶離液にはヘキサン/2-プロパノール=90/10を用いて、流速は0.5 mL/minおよび0.1 mL/minとし、UV検出器(装置名MD-2010 Plus、製造社名JASCO、波長254 nm)と旋光検出器(装置名OR-990、製造社名JASCO)を用いてピークの検出、同定を行った。なお、理論段数Nはベンゼンのチャートから、また溶離液がカラムを素通りする時間t0は1,3,5-トリ-tert-ブチルベンゼンの溶出時間から求めた。 For HPLC, use PU-980 (manufacturer name: JASCO), hexane / 2-propanol = 90/10 as the eluent, flow rates of 0.5 mL / min and 0.1 mL / min, and UV detector ( Peaks were detected and identified using a device name MD-2010 Plus, manufacturer's name JASCO, wavelength 254 nm) and an optical rotation detector (device name OR-990, manufacturer's name JASCO). The theoretical plate number N was determined from the benzene chart, and the time t 0 for the eluent to pass through the column was determined from the elution time of 1,3,5-tri-tert-butylbenzene.

光学分割結果を表2〜4に示す。
表中の値は容量比k1’と分離係数αで、かっこの中の符号は先に溶出したエナンチオマーの旋光性である。なお、容量比k1’、分離係数αは下式で定義される。以下の実施例及び比較例においても同じ式を用いて容量比及び分離係数を算出した。
The optical resolution results are shown in Tables 2-4.
The values in the table are the volume ratio k 1 ′ and the separation factor α, and the sign in parentheses is the optical rotation of the enantiomer eluted earlier. The capacity ratio k 1 ′ and the separation factor α are defined by the following equations. In the following examples and comparative examples, the capacity ratio and the separation factor were calculated using the same formula.

その結果、ピリジルカルバメート基を導入したセルロース誘導体と比べて、ビピリジル基を導入したセルロース誘導体は、光学分割能が向上していることがわかった。また、ビピリジル基を導入したセルロース誘導体は、金属を配位させても向上した光学分割能を示すことがわかった。   As a result, it was found that the cellulose derivative introduced with a bipyridyl group had improved optical resolution compared with the cellulose derivative introduced with a pyridylcarbamate group. Moreover, it turned out that the cellulose derivative which introduce | transduced the bipyridyl group shows the optical resolution ability improved even if it coordinated a metal.

Claims (6)

置換基として下記式で表されるビピリジル基のいずれかが多糖の水酸基に導入された多糖誘導体であって、前記多糖がセルロースまたはアミロースである、多糖誘導体。
A polysaccharide derivative in which any of the bipyridyl groups represented by the following formula as a substituent is introduced into a hydroxyl group of a polysaccharide, and the polysaccharide is cellulose or amylose .
前記置換基が、エステル結合、ウレタン結合またはエーテル結合により導入された、請求項1に記載の多糖誘導体。The polysaccharide derivative according to claim 1, wherein the substituent is introduced by an ester bond, a urethane bond or an ether bond. 前記ビピリジル基が有するヘテロ原子に金属原子が配位した、請求項1または2に記載の多糖誘導体。The polysaccharide derivative according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a metal atom is coordinated to a heteroatom of the bipyridyl group. 前記金属原子が周期表で2族から14族のものである、請求項3に記載の多糖誘導体。The polysaccharide derivative according to claim 3, wherein the metal atom is one of Groups 2 to 14 in the periodic table. 前記金属原子が銅、コバルト、鉄、ニッケル、亜鉛、またはルテニウムである請求項4に記載の多糖誘導体。The polysaccharide derivative according to claim 4, wherein the metal atom is copper, cobalt, iron, nickel, zinc, or ruthenium. 請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の多糖誘導体からなる光学異性体分離用充填剤。The filler for optical isomer separation which consists of a polysaccharide derivative as described in any one of Claims 1-5.
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