JP5039795B2 - 押出型堆積システムのための粘性ポンプ - Google Patents
押出型堆積システムのための粘性ポンプ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5039795B2 JP5039795B2 JP2009549598A JP2009549598A JP5039795B2 JP 5039795 B2 JP5039795 B2 JP 5039795B2 JP 2009549598 A JP2009549598 A JP 2009549598A JP 2009549598 A JP2009549598 A JP 2009549598A JP 5039795 B2 JP5039795 B2 JP 5039795B2
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- Prior art keywords
- barrel
- impeller
- pump system
- drive motor
- pulley
- Prior art date
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/252—Drive or actuation means; Transmission means; Screw supporting means
- B29C48/2528—Drive or actuation means for non-plasticising purposes, e.g. dosing unit
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/285—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
- B29C48/288—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in solid form, e.g. powder or granules
- B29C48/2888—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in solid form, e.g. powder or granules in band or in strip form, e.g. rubber strips
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C48/365—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using pumps, e.g. piston pumps
- B29C48/37—Gear pumps
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C48/47—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using discs, e.g. plasticising the moulding material by passing it between a fixed and a rotating disc that are coaxially arranged
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- B29C48/865—Heating
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- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C2948/92323—Location or phase of measurement
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
- B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
- B29C48/83—Heating or cooling the cylinders
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- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
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- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
Description
本発明は、押出型積層製造システムを用いた3次元(3D)オブジェクトの製作に関する。具体的には、本発明は、3Dオブジェクトを製作するための押出型積層製造システムとともに使用される粘性ポンプに関する。
[概要]
本発明は、押出型堆積システムにおいて使用するのに適したポンプシステムに関する。このポンプシステムは、第1の駆動モータと動作可能に係合される搬送アセンブリと、スクリューポンプであって、該スクリューポンプのバレルを少なくとも部分的に画定するハウジングと、バレルの第1の端部でハウジングに固定される押出端部と、ハウジングに固定され、バレルと交差する液化装置と、バレルを少なくとも部分的に挿通する羽根車とを含むスクリューポンプとを含んでいる。搬送アセンブリは、第1の駆動モータの動力により固体材料を送出するように構成されている。液化装置は、搬送アセンブリから送出される固体材料を受け入れ、受け入れた固体材料を少なくとも部分的に溶融し、少なくとも部分的に溶融された固体材料をバレルに移動させる。羽根車は、バレルに移動された少なくとも部分的に溶融された材料を、第2の駆動モータの動力によって、押出端部の方へ推進させるように構成されている。
図1A,1Bはそれぞれ、2段ポンプシステム10の側面図と斜視図とであり、この2段ポンプシステム10は、押出型積層製造システム(例えば、ミネソタ州エデンプレーリーにあるストラタシス,インコーポレイテッドによって開発された溶融堆積モデリングシステム)において、押出ヘッドとして使用するのに適した押出システムである。図1Aに示されるように、ポンプシステム10は、フレーム12、流入部14、駆動モータ16,18、導管20、フィラメント搬送アセンブリ22、およびスクリューポンプ24を含んでいる。
FD×μ=FR、または (式1)
μ=FD/FR (式2)
抵抗力(FR)および駆動力(FD)がそれぞれ、力ベクトル(即ち、図2Aにおける力ベクトルFRおよびFD)として表される場合、(力ベクトルFDに平行な)支持ブロック38に垂直な軸からの支持アーム68の角度θは、以下の式によって定義され得る:
tan(θ)=FR/FD (式3)
上記式を式2で置換すると、以下が得られる:
角度θ=arctan(μ) (式4)
したがって、駆動ローラ52,54の間の挟締力が抵抗力(FR)の変化に応じて変化するため、支持アーム68を角度θで配向することにより、フィラメントの滑りを自己修正する機構がもたらされる。例えば、スクリューポンプ24における抵抗圧力により抵抗力(FR)が増大する場合、駆動ローラ52,54の間の挟締力が増大して、フィラメント上に高レベルの駆動力(FD)がもたらされることにより、フィラメントの滑りのリスクが低減される。好ましくは、角度θは、arctan(μ)よりも僅かに小さく決定され、および/または、駆動ローラ52,54の間の接触力は、0よりも僅かに大きく設定され、滑りに対する安全マージンが提供される。
以下の定義が使用される:
Wmotor=モータの回転速度
Wjack=ジャックシャフトの回転速度
PDmotor=モータプーリのピッチ円直径
PDjackin=ジャックシャフト入力プーリのピッチ円直径
PDjackout=ジャックシャフト出力プーリのピッチ円直径
PDscrew=ネジプーリのピッチ円直径
Vx=X方向の台車速度
Vy=Y方向の台車速度
ジャックシャフトおよびモータの回転速度は、以下の式で与えられる:
Wjack=Wmotor(PDmotor/PDjackin)−Vx/πPDjackin(式5)
Wscrew=Wjack(PDjackout/PDscrew)−Vy/πPDscrew(式6)
式6におけるWjackに式5を代入すると、以下が得られる:
Wscrew=(Wmotor(PDmotor/PDjackin)−Vx/πPDjackin)(PDjackout/PDscrew)−Vy/πPDscrew(式7)
式7を利用して、Wmotorを求めることができる:
(Wscrew+Vy/πPDscrew)(PDscrew/PDjackout)=Wmotor(PDmotor/PDjackin)−Vx/πPDjackin(式8)
Wmotor=((Wscrew+Vy/πPDscrew)(PDscrew/PDjackout)+Vx/πPDjackin)PDjackin/PDmotor(式9)
式9により、遠隔駆動モータ406の回転速度(Wmotor)は、X−Yガントリ404の動作に合致され、駆動ベルト414,420によるスクリューポンプ羽根車の精密な制御が可能になる。
Claims (14)
- 第1の駆動モータおよび第2の駆動モータと、
前記第1の駆動モータに動作可能に係合され、前記第1の駆動モータの動力により固体材料を送出するように構成された搬送アセンブリと、
スクリューポンプであって、該スクリューポンプのバレルを少なくとも部分的に画定するハウジングと、前記バレルの第1の端部で前記ハウジングに固定される押出端部と、前記ハウジングに固定され、前記バレルと交差する液化装置であって、前記搬送アセンブリから送出された前記固体材料を受け入れ、該受け入れた固体材料を少なくとも部分的に溶融し、該少なくとも部分的に溶融された材料を前記バレルに移動させるように構成され、らせんバッフルを備える液化装置とを備える、スクリューポンプと、
少なくとも部分的に前記バレルを挿通する羽根車であって、前記第2の駆動モータの動力により、前記バレルに移動される前記少なくとも部分的に溶融された材料を、前記押出端部の方へ推進するように構成された羽根車と
を備えるポンプシステム。 - 請求項1に記載のポンプシステムであって、
前記固体材料は、フィラメントとして提供され、
前記搬送アセンブリは、
複数の係合されたギアであって、前記複数の係合されたギアのうちの少なくとも1つは、前記第1の駆動モータ内に動作可能に係合された前記搬送アセンブリの一部である、複数の係合されたギアと、
前記複数の係合されたギアのうちの第1のギアと軸方向に係合された第1の駆動ローラと、
前記複数の係合されたギアのうちの第2のギアと軸方向に係合された第2の駆動ローラであって、前記第1の駆動ローラと前記第2の駆動ローラとが、前記フィラメントを係合するように構成されている、第2の駆動ローラと
を備えていることを特徴とするポンプシステム。 - 請求項2に記載のポンプシステムであって、
前記第2の駆動ローラは、付勢されて、前記フィラメントの抵抗力の変化に対応して前記第1の駆動ローラと前記第2の駆動ローラとの間の圧迫力を変化させる
ことを特徴とするポンプシステム。 - 請求項1に記載のポンプシステムであって、
前記液化装置は、前記羽根車と同心である円柱形の空洞を備える
ことを特徴とするポンプシステム。 - 請求項1に記載のポンプシステムであって、
前記羽根車は、前記バレル内の加圧領域と輸送領域とを少なくとも部分的に画定し、前記輸送領域は、前記液化装置に隣接し、前記加圧領域は、前記押出端部に隣接する
ことを特徴とするポンプシステム。 - 請求項1に記載のポンプシステムであって、
さらに、
前記ハウジングの少なくとも一部の周囲に延在する外部温度制御システムを備える
ことを特徴とするポンプシステム。 - 請求項1に記載のポンプシステムであって、
前記液化装置は、第1の液化装置であり、前記固体材料は、第1の固体材料であり、
前記ポンプシステムは、さらに、前記ハウジングに固定され、前記バレルと交差する第2の液化装置を備え、該第2の液化装置は、第2の固体材料を受け入れ、該受け入れた第2の固体材料を少なくとも部分的に溶融し、前記少なくとも部分的に溶融された第2の固体材料を前記バレルに移動させるように構成されている
ことを特徴とするポンプシステム。 - 3次元オブジェクトを構築するための押出装置であって、
前記押出装置は、
ポンプシステムであって、第1の駆動モータと、該第1の駆動モータと動作可能に係合され、該第1の駆動モータの動力によって熱可塑性プラスチック材料のフィラメントを送出するように構成されたフィラメント搬送アセンブリと、スクリューポンプであって、該スクリューポンプのバレルを少なくとも部分的に画定するハウジングと、前記バレルの第1の端部で前記ハウジングに固定された押出端部と、前記ハウジングに固定され、前記バレルと交差する液化装置であって、前記フィラメント搬送アセンブリから送出される前記フィラメントを受け入れるように構成された送出経路を有する液化装置と、前記バレルを少なくとも部分的に挿通する羽根車とを有するスクリューポンプと、を備えるポンプシステムと、
少なくとも一方向に前記ポンプシステムを移動させるように構成されたガントリアセンブリと、
前記ポンプシステムおよび前記ガントリアセンブリから離れた位置に配置された第2の駆動モータと、
前記第2の駆動モータを前記ポンプシステムの前記羽根車に係合させることで、前記第2の駆動モータの動力により前記羽根車を回転可能に構成されたベルトプーリアセンブリと
を備え、
前記ベルトプーリアセンブリは、
第1のプーリと、該第1のプーリと前記第2の駆動モータとに係合されることで該第2の駆動モータの動力により該第1のプーリを回転可能な第1の駆動ベルトとを有する第1のプーリ部と、
第2のプーリであって、前記第1のプーリに軸方向に接続されることで該第1のプーリ
の回転により該第2のプーリが回転することが可能な、第2のプーリと、該第2のプーリと前記羽根車とに係合されることで該第2のプーリの回転により該羽根車を回転可能な第2の駆動ベルトとを有する第2のプーリ部と
を備える
ことを特徴とする押出装置。 - 請求項8に記載の押出装置であって、
前記液化装置は、らせんバッフルを備える
ことを特徴とする押出装置。 - 請求項9に記載の押出装置であって、
前記第2の駆動モータは、前記ガントリアセンブリの動作が前記羽根車を回転させないように、前記ガントリアセンブリの動作を減じるように設定されている
ことを特徴とする押出装置。 - 請求項8に記載の押出装置であって、
前記フィラメント搬送アセンブリは、
複数の係合されたギアであって、該複数の係合されたギアのうちの少なくとも1つは、前記第1の駆動モータに動作可能に係合された前記フィラメント搬送アセンブリの前記一部である、複数の係合されたギアと、
該複数の係合されたギアのうちの第1のギアと軸方向に係合された第1の駆動ローラと、
前記複数の係合されたギアのうちの第2のギアと軸方向に係合された第2の駆動ローラであって、前記第1の駆動ローラおよび該第2の駆動ローラは、前記フィラメントに係合するように設定されている、第2の駆動ローラと
を備えることを特徴とする押出装置。 - 請求項11に記載の押出装置であって、
前記第2の駆動ローラは、付勢され、前記フィラメントの抵抗力の変化に対応して前記第1の駆動ローラと前記第2の駆動ローラとの間の挟締力を変化させる
ことを特徴とする押出装置。 - 請求項8に記載の押出装置であって、
前記液化装置は、前記羽根車と同心である円柱形の空洞を備える
ことを特徴とする押出装置。 - 請求項8に記載の押出装置であって、
前記羽根車は、前記バレル内の加圧領域と輸送領域とを少なくとも部分的に画定し、該輸送領域は、前記液化装置に隣接し、該加圧領域は、前記押出端部に隣接している
ことを特徴とする押出装置。
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PCT/US2008/001783 WO2008100467A1 (en) | 2007-02-12 | 2008-02-11 | Viscosity pump for extrusion-based deposition systems |
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WO2008100467A1 (en) | 2008-08-21 |
CN101605641B (zh) | 2012-01-18 |
US7891964B2 (en) | 2011-02-22 |
US20080213419A1 (en) | 2008-09-04 |
EP2117793B1 (en) | 2014-07-16 |
EP2117793A1 (en) | 2009-11-18 |
EP2117793A4 (en) | 2013-01-09 |
JP2010517830A (ja) | 2010-05-27 |
CN101605641A (zh) | 2009-12-16 |
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