JP5021885B2 - 燃料電池 - Google Patents
燃料電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5021885B2 JP5021885B2 JP2003384272A JP2003384272A JP5021885B2 JP 5021885 B2 JP5021885 B2 JP 5021885B2 JP 2003384272 A JP2003384272 A JP 2003384272A JP 2003384272 A JP2003384272 A JP 2003384272A JP 5021885 B2 JP5021885 B2 JP 5021885B2
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- Prior art keywords
- electrolyte layer
- electrode
- fuel
- catalyst
- fuel cell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 113
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 171
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 143
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 43
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 43
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 31
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 25
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 23
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 23
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 19
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 13
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 12
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000003405 preventing effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003411 electrode reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical class C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910020203 CeO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO Inorganic materials [Zr]=O GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003472 fullerene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001174 sulfone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
Description
燃料極 :2H2 → 4H+4e− ……(1)
酸化剤極:O2+4H++4e− → 2H2O ……(2)
上式において、燃料極では、式(1)に示すように、供給した水素を水素イオンと電子に解離する。その際、水素イオンは、電解質層を通り、また、電子は、外部回路を通り、酸化剤極にそれぞれ移動する。
1A 酸化剤極拡散層
1B 酸化剤極触媒層
2 燃料極
2A 燃料極拡散層
2B 燃料極触媒層
3 電解質層
3A 第1の電解質層
3B 第2の電解質層
4 酸化剤ガス供給用セパレータ
5 燃料ガス供給用セパレータ
6 カーボン材
7 触媒
8 金属酸化物
9 ポリテトラフロオロエチレンシート
10 フッ素系スルホン酸高分子樹脂溶液
11 触媒粒子
Claims (5)
- 触媒を含有しない第1の電解質層と、触媒を分散含有させた第2の電解質層とからなり、イオン導電性を有する固体高分子電解質膜である電解質層と、
前記電解質層の前記第1の電解質層側に設けた燃料極と、
前記電解質層の前記第2の電解質層側に設けた酸化剤極とを備え、
前記燃料極、前記第1の電解質層、前記第2の電解質層、前記酸化剤極が順次重ね合わされて構成され、
前記第2の電解質層において、電解質重量は前記第2の電解質層の総重量の80%より大きいことを特徴とする燃料電池。 - 第2の電解質層内に金属酸化物を分散含有させたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の燃料電池。
- 第2の電解質層内に分散含有させた触媒は、カーボン材料に担持されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の燃料電池。
- 第2の電解質層内に分散含有させた触媒は、金属酸化物に担持されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の燃料電池。
- 第2の電解質層内に分散含有させた触媒は、白金、パラジウム、金、イリジウム、ロジウムのうち、少なくとも1種以上の元素を含んだ金属触媒であることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項4のいずれか一項記載の燃料電池。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003384272A JP5021885B2 (ja) | 2003-11-13 | 2003-11-13 | 燃料電池 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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---|---|---|---|
JP2003384272A JP5021885B2 (ja) | 2003-11-13 | 2003-11-13 | 燃料電池 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2005149859A JP2005149859A (ja) | 2005-06-09 |
JP5021885B2 true JP5021885B2 (ja) | 2012-09-12 |
Family
ID=34692747
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003384272A Expired - Lifetime JP5021885B2 (ja) | 2003-11-13 | 2003-11-13 | 燃料電池 |
Country Status (1)
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JP (1) | JP5021885B2 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005104280A1 (ja) * | 2004-04-26 | 2005-11-03 | Toshiba Fuel Cell Power Systems Corporation | 燃料電池及び燃料電池の製造方法 |
CA2571138C (en) * | 2004-06-22 | 2014-02-11 | Asahi Glass Company, Limited | Electrolyte membrane for polymer electolyte fuel cell, process for its production and membrane-electrode assembly for polymer electrolyte fuel cell |
DE602005025213D1 (de) | 2004-06-22 | 2011-01-20 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Flüssige zusammensetzung, verfahren zu deren herstellung und verfahren zur herstellung einer membranelektrodenbaugruppe für polymerelektrolyt-brennstoffzelle |
WO2006006357A1 (ja) * | 2004-07-12 | 2006-01-19 | Asahi Glass Company, Limited | 固体高分子型燃料電池用電解質膜、その製造方法及び固体高分子型燃料電池用膜電極接合体 |
JP5247974B2 (ja) * | 2004-10-05 | 2013-07-24 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 固体高分子形水素・酸素燃料電池用電解質膜の製造方法 |
US8652705B2 (en) | 2005-09-26 | 2014-02-18 | W.L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Solid polymer electrolyte and process for making same |
JP5153108B2 (ja) * | 2006-09-29 | 2013-02-27 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 固体高分子膜を使用した燃料電池および燃料電池システム |
JP5309803B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-07 | 2013-10-09 | 東レ株式会社 | 水素燃料電池用膜電極複合体 |
JP5141167B2 (ja) | 2007-10-02 | 2013-02-13 | ソニー株式会社 | 電解液及び電気化学デバイス |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3271801B2 (ja) * | 1992-09-22 | 2002-04-08 | 田中貴金属工業株式会社 | 高分子固体電解質型燃料電池、該燃料電池の加湿方法、及び製造方法 |
JP3375200B2 (ja) * | 1993-06-18 | 2003-02-10 | 田中貴金属工業株式会社 | 高分子固体電解質組成物 |
JPH08298128A (ja) * | 1995-04-27 | 1996-11-12 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 固体高分子電解質型燃料電池 |
JP3502508B2 (ja) * | 1996-07-26 | 2004-03-02 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 直接メタノール型燃料電池 |
GB9822576D0 (en) * | 1998-10-16 | 1998-12-09 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Membrane |
DE19917812C2 (de) * | 1999-04-20 | 2002-11-21 | Siemens Ag | Membranelektrodeneinheit für eine selbstbefeuchtende Brennstoffzelle, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und Brennstoffzellenbatterie mit einer solchen Membranelektrodeneinheit |
JP3111408B1 (ja) * | 1999-06-21 | 2000-11-20 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 固体高分子型燃料電池における活性固体高分子電解質膜 |
JP3925764B2 (ja) * | 1999-10-19 | 2007-06-06 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 高耐久性固体高分子電解質 |
JP2002015743A (ja) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-18 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 固体高分子型燃料電池 |
JP4892777B2 (ja) * | 2000-10-20 | 2012-03-07 | ソニー株式会社 | 燃料電池を備えた電気で駆動される装置 |
JP2003059511A (ja) * | 2001-08-17 | 2003-02-28 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 燃料電池用電解質膜−電極接合体、その製造方法、および高分子電解質型燃料電池 |
JP2003086192A (ja) * | 2001-09-11 | 2003-03-20 | Toshiba International Fuel Cells Corp | 燃料電池およびその製造方法 |
JP2003109602A (ja) * | 2001-09-28 | 2003-04-11 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 高分子電解質形燃料電池およびその製造方法 |
US7112386B2 (en) * | 2002-09-04 | 2006-09-26 | Utc Fuel Cells, Llc | Membrane electrode assemblies with hydrogen peroxide decomposition catalyst |
-
2003
- 2003-11-13 JP JP2003384272A patent/JP5021885B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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