JP5020755B2 - トナー - Google Patents
トナー Download PDFInfo
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- JP5020755B2 JP5020755B2 JP2007244758A JP2007244758A JP5020755B2 JP 5020755 B2 JP5020755 B2 JP 5020755B2 JP 2007244758 A JP2007244758 A JP 2007244758A JP 2007244758 A JP2007244758 A JP 2007244758A JP 5020755 B2 JP5020755 B2 JP 5020755B2
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- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical class C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
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- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004249 sodium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- BTURAGWYSMTVOW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dodecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O BTURAGWYSMTVOW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940082004 sodium laurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940067741 sodium octyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940080350 sodium stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000776 sodium tetradecyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WFRKJMRGXGWHBM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;octyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O WFRKJMRGXGWHBM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SMECTXYFLVLAJE-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;pentadecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O SMECTXYFLVLAJE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UPUIQOIQVMNQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;tetradecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O UPUIQOIQVMNQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HFDCVHDLKUZMDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid titanium Chemical compound [Ti].OS(O)(=O)=O HFDCVHDLKUZMDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000000000 tetracarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CAPIMQICDAJXSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(1-chloroethyl)silane Chemical compound CC(Cl)[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl CAPIMQICDAJXSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FLPXNJHYVOVLSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(2-chloroethyl)silane Chemical compound ClCC[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl FLPXNJHYVOVLSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(OCC)OCC CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- XYJRNCYWTVGEEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(2-methylpropyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CC(C)C XYJRNCYWTVGEEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZJJKWKADRNWSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxysilicon Chemical group CO[Si](OC)OC PZJJKWKADRNWSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHOQXNHADJBILQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(sulfanyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)S KHOQXNHADJBILQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005051 trimethylchlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- PQDJYEQOELDLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilane Chemical compound C[SiH](C)C PQDJYEQOELDLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl benzoate Chemical compound C=COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl methyl ketone Natural products CC(=O)C=C FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000314 zinc acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Landscapes
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Description
前記樹脂粒子の含有量は、前記トナー粒子100質量部に対して、0.1質量部以上5.0質量部以下であり、
前記樹脂粒子が、微小圧縮試験において、前記樹脂粒子の1粒子に負荷速度9.8×10-5N/secで荷重9.8×10-4Nを付加した時の最大変位量をX100(μm)とし、荷重2.0×10-4N時の変位量をX20(μm)とし、弾性変位をYとしたとき、下記式(1)、(2)及び(3)
式(1) 0.2≦X20/X100≦0.8
式(2) 0.4≦X100≦1.5
式(3) 0.3≦Y<X100
を満たし、且つ、
前記トナー粒子の重量平均粒径D4tが5.0μm以上10.0μm以下であり、
前記トナー粒子の重量平均粒径D4t(μm)と、前記樹脂粒子の重量平均粒径D4r(μm)が下記式(4)
式(4) 0.5≦D4r/D4t≦2.0
を満たし、
前記トナーは、平均円形度が0.950以上であることを特徴とする。
前記樹脂粒子が、微小圧縮試験において、前記樹脂粒子の1粒子に負荷速度9.8×10-5N/secで荷重9.8×10-4Nを付加した時の最大変位量をX100(μm)とし、荷重2.0×10-4N時の変位量をX20(μm)とし、弾性変位をYとしたとき、下記式(1)、(2)及び(3)を満たすことを特徴とする。
式(1) 0.2≦X20/X100≦0.8
式(2) 0.4≦X100≦1.5
式(3) 0.3≦Y<X100
感光ドラムとクリーニングブレードとのクリーニングニップ部においては、クリーニングブレードは所定の圧力で感光ドラムへ押圧されている。微小な視点で見た場合、その圧力はある一定の振れ幅を有しているが、小径の感光ドラムであったり、プロセススピードが速くなってくると、振れ幅が大きくなり易い。このような状態が進むと、クリーニングブレードがビビリ、転写残トナーのすり抜けが発生してしまう場合がある。
円形度=(粒子投影面積と同じ面積の円の周囲長)/(粒子投影像の周囲長)
円相当径=(粒子投影面積/π)1/2×2
式(4) 0.5≦D4r/D4t≦2.0
(1)Multisizer 3専用のガラス製250ml丸底ビーカーに前記電解水溶液約200mlを入れ、サンプルスタンドにセットし、スターラーロッドの撹拌を反時計回りで24回転/秒にて行なう。そして、解析ソフトの「アパーチャーのフラッシュ」機能により、アパーチャーチューブ内の汚れと気泡を除去しておく。
(2)ガラス製の100ml平底ビーカーに前記電解水溶液約30mlを入れ、この中に分散剤として「コンタミノンN」(非イオン界面活性剤、陰イオン界面活性剤、有機ビルダーからなるpH7の精密測定器洗浄用中性洗剤の10質量%水溶液、和光純薬工業社製)をイオン交換水で3質量倍に希釈した希釈液を約0.3ml加える。
(3)発振周波数50kHzの発振器2個を位相を180度ずらした状態で内蔵し、電気的出力120Wの超音波分散器「Ultrasonic Dispension System Tetora150」(日科機バイオス社製)の水槽内に所定量のイオン交換水を入れ、この水槽中に前記コンタミノンNを約2ml添加する。
(4)前記(2)のビーカーを前記超音波分散器のビーカー固定穴にセットし、超音波分散器を作動させる。そして、ビーカー内の電解水溶液の液面の共振状態が最大となるようにビーカーの高さ位置を調整する。
(5)前記(4)のビーカー内の電解水溶液に超音波を照射した状態で、トナー粒子または樹脂粒子約10mgを少量ずつ前記電解水溶液に添加し、分散させる。そして、さらに60秒間超音波分散処理を継続する。尚、超音波分散にあたっては、水槽の水温が10℃以上40℃以下となる様に適宜調節する。
(6)サンプルスタンド内に設置した前記(1)の丸底ビーカーに、ピペットを用いてトナー粒子または樹脂粒子を分散した前記(5)の電解質水溶液を滴下し、測定濃度が約5%となるように調整する。そして、測定粒子数が50000個になるまで測定を行なう。
(7)測定データを装置付属の前記専用ソフトにて解析を行ない、重量平均粒径(D4tまたはD4r)および個数平均粒径(D1r)を算出する。尚、専用ソフトでグラフ/体積%と設定したときの、分析/体積統計値(算術平均)画面の「平均径」が重量平均粒径(D4tまたはD4r)であり、専用ソフトでグラフ/個数%と設定したときの、分析/個数統計値(算術平均)画面の「平均径」が個数平均粒径(D1r)である。
RmSiYn
(式中、Rはアルコキシ基を示し、mは1乃至3の整数を示し、Yはアルキル基、ビニル基、グリシドキシ基、メタクリル基の如き炭化水素基を示し、nは1〜3の整数を示す。)
で示されるものである。具体的には、以下のものが挙げられる。ビニルトリメトキシシラン、ビニルトリエトキシシラン、γ−メタクリルオキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、ビニルトリアセトキシシラン、メチルトリメトキシシラン、メチルトリエトキシシラン、イソブチルトリメトキシシラン、ジメチルジメトキシシラン、ジメチルジエトキシシラン、トリメチルメトキシシラン、ヒドロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、フェニルトリメトキシシラン、n−ヘキサデシルトリメトキシシラン、n−オクタデシルトリメトキシシラン。
CpH2p+1−Si−(OCqH2q+1)3
(式中、pは2乃至20の整数を示し、qは1〜3の整数を示す。)
で示されるアルキルトリアルコキシシランカップリング剤を使用して水系媒体中で磁性体を疎水化処理するのが良い。
また架橋成分として働く3価以上のアルコール成分や3価以上の酸成分を単独で使用するか、もしくは併用することが好ましい。
で表わされるテトラカルボン酸;これらの無水物、低級アルキルエステル。なかでも、1,2,4−ベンゼントリカルボン酸、1,2,5−ベンゼントリカルボン酸およびこれらの無水物、低級アルキルエステルが好ましい。
硫酸第一鉄水溶液中に、鉄元素に対してl.0当量の苛性ソーダ溶液、鉄元素に対しリン元素換算で0.3質量%のヘキサメタ燐酸ソーダ、鉄元素に対して珪素元素換算で1.2質量%の珪酸ソーダを混合し、水酸化第一鉄を含む水溶液を調製した。この水溶液をpH8に維持しながら、空気を吹き込み、温度85℃で酸化反応を行い、種晶を生成させるスラリー液を調製した。
イオン交換水720部に0.1M−Na3PO4水溶液450部を投入し温度60℃に加温した後、1.0M−CaCl2水溶液67.7部を添加して分散安定剤を含む水系媒体を得た。
n−ブチルアクリレート 21部
ジビニルベンゼン 0.5部
飽和ポリエステル樹脂 5部
(モノマー構成;ビスフェノールAプロピレンオキサイド付加物/テレフタル酸、酸価; 8mgKOH/g、Tg=72℃、Mn=3900、Mw=10000)
負荷電制御剤・T−77(保土ヶ谷化学製) 1部
磁性粉体1 90部
上記処方をアトライター(三井三池化工機(株))を用いて均一に分散混合した。この単量体組成物を温度60℃に加温し、そこにパラフィンワックス(DSCにおける最大吸熱ピーク78℃)10部を添加し混合溶解し、これに重合開始剤t−ブチル−オキシ2−エチルヘキサノエート4部を溶解して重合性単量体組成物とした。
トナー粒子1の製造において、0.1mol/L−Na3PO4水溶液の添加量を400部に、1.0mol/L−CaCl2水溶液の添加量を60部に変更すること以外は上記トナー粒子1の製造と同様にして、トナー粒子2を得た。
スチレン/n−ブチルアクリレート共重合体(質量比78/22)
(Mn =24300 Mw/Mn=3.0) 100部
飽和ポリエステル樹脂 5部
(モノマー構成;ビスフェノールAプロピレンオキサイド付加物/テレフタル酸、酸価; 8mgKOH/g、Tg=72℃、Mn=3900、Mw=10000)
アゾ染料の鉄錯体:T−77(保土ヶ谷化学社製) 2部
磁性粉体1 90部
フィッシャートロプシュワックス(mp.105℃) 5部
上記材料をブレンダーにて混合し、110℃に加熱した2軸エクストルーダーで溶融混練し、冷却した混練物をハンマーミルで粗粉砕し、粗粉砕物をターボミル(ターボ工業社製;回転子および固定子の表面に炭化クロムを含有したクロム合金めっきでコーティング(めっき厚150μm、表面硬さHV1050))で微粉砕し、得られた微粉砕物を風力分級して重量平均粒径8.3μmのトナー粒子3を得た。
トナー粒子1を100部と、一次粒径12nmのシリカにヘキサメチルジシラザンで処理をした後シリコーンオイルで処理し、処理後のBET比表面積値が120m2/gの疎水性シリカ微粉体1.0部、及びウレタン粒子(アートパールC800,根上工業社製)1.0部をヘンシェルミキサー(三井三池化工機(株))を用い混合し、トナー1を調製した。トナー1の物性を表1に示す。
トナー1の製造において、ウレタン粒子(アートパールC800)の添加量を0.08部に変更すること以外はトナー1の製造と同様にして、トナー2を得た。トナー2の物性を表1に示す。
トナー1の製造において、ウレタン粒子(アートパールC800)の添加量を5.5部に変更すること以外はトナー1の製造と同様にして、トナー3を得た。トナー3の物性を表1に示す。
トナー1の製造において、トナー粒子1をトナー粒子2に変更し、ウレタン粒子(アートパールC800)を分級してD4rを4.0μmとした樹脂粒子に変更すること以外はトナー1の製造と同様にして、トナー4を得た。トナー4の物性を表1に示す。
トナー1の製造において、ウレタン粒子(アートパールC800)をウレタン粒子:アートパールC400に変更すること以外はトナー1の製造と同様にして、トナー5を得た。トナー5の物性を表1に示す。
トナー1の製造において、ウレタン粒子(アートパールC800)を0.5部に変更し、ウレタン粒子(アートパールC400)を0.5部に変更すること以外はトナー1の製造と同様にして、トナー6を得た。トナー6の物性を表1に示す。
トナー1の製造において、ウレタン粒子(アートパールC800)をウレタン粒子:アートパールCF600Tに変更すること以外はトナー1の製造と同様にして、トナー7を得た。トナー7の物性を表1に示す。
トナー1の製造において、トナー粒子1をトナー粒子3に変更したこと以外はトナー1の製造と同様にして、トナー8を得た。トナー8の物性を表1に示す。
トナー1の製造において、ウレタン粒子(アートパールC800)をウレタン粒子:アートパールC200に変更すること以外はトナー1の製造と同様にして、トナー9を得た。トナー9の物性を表1に示す。
トナー1の製造において、ウレタン粒子(アートパールC800)をアクリル粒子(CX1000,綜研化学社製)に変更すること以外はトナー1のs製造と同様にして、トナー10を得た。トナー10の物性を表1に示す。
トナー1の製造において、ウレタン粒子(アートパールC800)を真球状黒色アクリルーウレタン粒子(EBA100B,日本触媒社製)に変更すること以外はトナー1の製造と同様にして、トナー11を得た。トナー11の物性を表1に示す。
画像形成装置としてLBP−3000を使用した。ここで、プロセススピードを105mm/secとし、現像バイアスとして−430Vの直流電圧Vdcに1.6kVpp、周波数2200Hzの交番電界を重畳したものを用いた。この条件において、トナー1を使用し、常温常湿環境下(温度23℃、湿度50%RH)及び高温高湿環境下(温度32.5℃、湿度80%RH)において8ポイントのA文字を用い印字率を4%とした画像にて耐久試験を行った。間欠モードで1日あたり750枚耐久を行い、2日かけて1,500枚の耐久試験を行った。なお、記録媒体としてはA4の75g/m2の紙を使用した。その結果、耐久試験を通してクリーニング不良の発生がなく、停止スジのレベルも良好であった。耐久終了時の画像濃度は1.4以上であり、カブリの無い高品位な画像を得ることができた。常温常湿環境下での評価結果を表2に、高温高湿環境下での評価結果を表3に示す。
画像濃度はベタ画像部を形成し、このベタ画像をマクベス反射濃度計(マクベス社製)にて測定を行った。
カブリの測定は、東京電色社製のREFLECTMETER MODEL TC−6DSを使用して測定した。フィルターは、グリーンフィルターを用い、カブリは下記の式より算出した。
カブリ(反射率)(%)=標準紙上の反射率(%)−サンプル非画像部の反射率(%)
A:非常に良好(1.5%未満)
B:良好(1.5%以上乃至2.5%未満)
C:普通(2.5%以上乃至4.0%未満)
D:悪い(4%以上)
クリーニング性の評価は、常温常湿環境下にてベタ白画像上の汚れの程度及び、ベタ白画像画出し後の静電画像担持体の汚れの程度を評価した。
A:画像上全く問題のない鮮明な画質であり、像担持体に全く汚れが見られないクリーニ ング性。
B:画像上全く問題のない画質が得られるが、像担持体上にやや汚れがみられるクリーニ ング性。
C:実用的には問題の無いクリーニング性。
D:画像及び像担持体に汚れが見られ、実用上好ましくないクリーニング性。
停止スジは、常温常湿環境下及び高温高湿環境下にて750枚耐久終了後2日目朝一及び、1500枚耐久終了後3日目朝一に評価を行った。その際、ベタ黒画像及びハーフトーン画像上でのスジの程度を評価した。
A:画像上全く問題のない画像レベル
B:実用上問題のないレベルであるが、スジがうっすらと確認できる状態。
C:画像にスジが発生し、実用上好ましくない状態。
トナーとして、トナー2乃至8を使用し、実施例1と同様の条件で画出し試験、定着性評価及び耐久性評価を行った。その結果、初期の画像特性も問題なく、印字1500枚までいずれも大きな問題のない結果が得られた。常温常湿環境下での評価結果を表2に、高温高湿環境下での評価結果を表3に示す。
トナーとして、トナー9乃至11を使用し、実施例1と同様の条件で画出し試験、定着性評価及び耐久性評価を行った。その結果、トナー9については停止スジのレベルが悪く、トナー10、11については、クリーニング不良が発生してしまった。またトナー11については、高温高湿環境下における濃度低下が著しかった。常温常湿環境下での評価結果を表2に、高温高湿環境下での評価結果を表3に示す。
102 現像スリーブ(トナー担持体)
114 転写帯電ローラー
116 クリーナ
117 一次帯電ローラー
121 レーザー発生装置
123 レーザー光
124 レジスタローラー
125 搬送ベルト
126 定着器
140 現像器
141 トナー塗布ローラ
Claims (4)
- 結着樹脂及び着色剤を少なくとも含有するトナー粒子と、樹脂粒子とを有するトナーであって、
前記樹脂粒子の含有量は、前記トナー粒子100質量部に対して、0.1質量部以上5.0質量部以下であり、
前記樹脂粒子が、微小圧縮試験において、前記樹脂粒子の1粒子に負荷速度9.8×10-5N/secで荷重9.8×10-4Nを付加した時の最大変位量をX100(μm)とし、荷重2.0×10-4N時の変位量をX20(μm)とし、弾性変位をYとしたとき、下記式(1)、(2)及び(3)
式(1) 0.2≦X20/X100≦0.8
式(2) 0.4≦X100≦1.5
式(3) 0.3≦Y<X100
を満たし、且つ、
前記トナー粒子の重量平均粒径D4tが5.0μm以上10.0μm以下であり、
前記トナー粒子の重量平均粒径D4t(μm)と、前記樹脂粒子の重量平均粒径D4r(μm)が下記式(4)
式(4) 0.5≦D4r/D4t≦2.0
を満たし、
前記トナーは、平均円形度が0.950以上であることを特徴とするトナー。 - 前記樹脂粒子の重量平均粒径D4r(μm)と個数平均粒径D1r(μm)の比(D4r/D1r)が1.7以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のトナー。
- 前記トナーが負帯電性トナーであり、前記トナー粒子の摩擦帯電量の絶対値 IQtI が、前記樹脂粒子の摩擦帯電量の絶対値 IQrI よりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のトナー。
- 前記樹脂粒子が、ウレタン樹脂で形成されている粒子であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載のトナー。
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