JP4939297B2 - Screw point - Google Patents

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JP4939297B2
JP4939297B2 JP2007119432A JP2007119432A JP4939297B2 JP 4939297 B2 JP4939297 B2 JP 4939297B2 JP 2007119432 A JP2007119432 A JP 2007119432A JP 2007119432 A JP2007119432 A JP 2007119432A JP 4939297 B2 JP4939297 B2 JP 4939297B2
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main body
hardness
high hardness
screw point
screw
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JP2008274644A (en
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政昭 安枝
和博 武田
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Nitto Seiko Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、スウェーデン式サウンディング試験およびこれに準ずる試験に用いられるスクリューポイントに関する。   The present invention relates to a screw point used for a Swedish sounding test and similar tests.

従来、地盤の硬軟を調査する方法の一つにスウェーデン式サウンディング試験方法がある。このスウェーデン式サウンディング試験は、所定の荷重が加えられたロッド(図示せず)の先端に取付けられたスクリューポイントが回転しながら地盤に貫入する際の抵抗をロッドの回転数と貫入距離との関係から算出することによってその地盤の硬軟を判定するものである。このスウェーデン式サウンディング試験に使用されるスクリューポイントの形状は、概ね日本工業規格JIS A1221で規格化されており、四角錐と直方体とを組み合わせた形状をなし、これに右ねじり1回を与えた全長20cmのものである。また、このスクリューポイントは礫等を含む固い地盤に貫入されるため、高い耐摩耗性が、またその先端が礫に当たって貫入不能となると、作業者により強力な力で打撃されて礫を割るため、高い強度が要求されるので、スクリューポイントを高硬度に製造するのが理想である。その反面、このスクリューポイントはその先端が礫間に割り込んで斜め方向に貫入されると、曲げ方向の力を受けるため、これに耐えられる高い靱性が要求されるので、スクリューポイントの硬度を低くするのが理想となっている。これら強度および耐摩耗性並びに靱性は材質、加工方法および形状が同一であれば、その硬度により決まり、硬度を上げると強度および耐摩耗性が向上する反面、靱性が低下し、逆に硬度を下げると、強度および耐摩耗性が下がり、靱性が向上する相反する性質を持っている。そのため、互いの性能を犠牲にしながら硬度調整を行い、使用に耐えるスクリューポイントを製造しているのが現状である。   Conventionally, there is a Swedish sounding test method as one of the methods for investigating the hardness of the ground. In this Swedish sounding test, the resistance when the screw point attached to the tip of a rod (not shown) to which a predetermined load was applied penetrates into the ground while rotating is the relationship between the rotation speed of the rod and the penetration distance. The hardness of the ground is determined by calculating from the above. The shape of the screw point used in this Swedish sounding test is generally standardized by Japanese Industrial Standard JIS A1221, and it is a combination of a square pyramid and a rectangular parallelepiped, giving it a total right-hand twist. 20 cm. In addition, since this screw point penetrates the hard ground containing gravel, etc., high wear resistance, and if the tip hits the gravel and becomes impossible to penetrate, the operator will be hit with a powerful force to break the gravel, Since high strength is required, it is ideal to produce screw points with high hardness. On the other hand, since the screw point receives a force in the bending direction when its tip is inserted into the gravel and penetrates diagonally, high toughness that can withstand this is required, so the screw point hardness is lowered. Is the ideal. The strength, wear resistance, and toughness are determined by the hardness of the same material, processing method, and shape. Increasing the hardness improves the strength and wear resistance, but decreases the toughness and conversely decreases the hardness. In addition, the strength and wear resistance are reduced, and the toughness is improved. For this reason, the present situation is that a screw point that can withstand use is manufactured by adjusting the hardness while sacrificing each other's performance.

JIS A1221JIS A1221

上記スクリューポイントでは、強度および耐摩耗性並びに靱性を使用に耐える程度まで犠牲にして、スクリューポイントの熱処理の際に硬度調整を行わざるを得ず、強度および耐摩耗性並びに靱性を最大限高めたスクリューポイントの開発が要望されている。   In the above screw point, the hardness, wear resistance and toughness were maximized at the sacrifice of the strength, wear resistance and toughness to the extent that they can be used, and the hardness of the screw point must be adjusted during heat treatment. Development of screw points is desired.

本発明は上記課題に鑑みて創成されたものであり、横断面形状が矩形をなす四角錐形状の先端部とこれに連続する直方体形状の基部とを備えた本体を有し、この本体を横断面矩形状の頂点が先端に向かうに従ってねじれてなるねじれ翼を持つように成形する一方、この本体の表面側に高硬度表層を、軸芯側に低硬度芯層を設け、高硬度表層の深さは先端部の最先端部に向かうに従って増加させてあることを特徴としている。また、前記先端部の最先端部は軸芯まで高硬度としてもよい。さらに、前記高硬度表層の深さを摩耗限度幅近くとしてもよく、またこれを1.5mm以上としてもよい。しかも、前記本体に成形されたねじれ翼が形状変移点を有する場合、この形状変移点付近の硬度をその周辺よりも高くしてもよい。その上、前記基部にねじ部を一体に設け、このねじ部の表面側に高硬度表層を、軸芯側に低硬度芯層を設けてもよい。 The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has a main body having a quadrangular pyramid-shaped tip portion having a rectangular cross-sectional shape and a rectangular parallelepiped base portion that is continuous therewith, and traverses the main body. Molded to have a twisted wing that is twisted as the vertex of the rectangular surface faces toward the tip, while providing a high hardness surface layer on the surface side of this body and a low hardness core layer on the shaft core side, the depth of the high hardness surface layer The feature is that it is increased as it goes to the most advanced part of the tip part . The tip of the tip may have a high hardness up to the axis. Further, the depth of the high hardness surface layer may be close to the wear limit width, or may be 1.5 mm or more. In addition, when the twisted wing formed on the main body has a shape transition point, the hardness near the shape transition point may be higher than that of the periphery. In addition, a screw portion may be provided integrally with the base portion, a high hardness surface layer may be provided on the surface side of the screw portion, and a low hardness core layer may be provided on the shaft core side.

本発明のスクリューポイントによれば、地盤との接触により摩耗し易い本体の表面は高硬度表層で覆われているため、高い強度と高い耐摩耗性とを有し、地盤貫入時の摩耗が激減するばかりか、スクリューポイントに衝撃が加わってもこれに耐える十分な強度を持つことができる。また、スクリューポイントが礫間に割り込み、斜め方向に貫入して曲げ方向の力を受けても、これに耐える十分な靱性を備えているので、スクリューポイントが破損するようなことは激減する。従って、強度および耐摩耗性並びに靱性を最大限にした理想的なスクリューポイントを提供することができる。また、前記スクリューポイントの最先端部が軸芯まで高硬度となっている場合には、最先端部は十分な強度を備えており、打撃によりスクリューポイントの最先端部に衝撃が加えられても、最先端部が折損または変形するようなことは激減する。さらに、前記本体表面側の高硬度表層の深さを摩耗限度幅近くとした場合には、スクリューポイントが摩耗により使用限界に達するまで高い強度および耐摩耗性を保ちながら、靱性に影響を及ぼす低硬度芯層の面積を最大限大きくすることができ、また高硬度表層を1.5mm以上とした場合には、JISで推奨する摩耗限界まで高い耐摩耗性を保つことができる。しかも、前記本体に成形されたねじれ翼が形状変移点を持つ場合には、この形状変移点付近の硬度を周辺よりも高くすることにより、摩耗が最も激しい部分の耐摩耗性を高くして、スクリューポイントの外形状を平均して摩耗させることができる。その上、前記基部にねじ部を一体に設けてこのねじ部の表面側に高硬度表層を、軸芯側に低硬度芯層を設けた場合には、一体成形のねじ部に十分な強度と靱性の両特性を持たすことができる。   According to the screw point of the present invention, since the surface of the main body that is easily worn by contact with the ground is covered with a high hardness surface layer, it has high strength and high wear resistance, and wear during ground penetration is drastically reduced. In addition, even if an impact is applied to the screw point, it can have sufficient strength to withstand this. Even if the screw point interrupts the gravel, penetrates in an oblique direction and receives a force in the bending direction, it has sufficient toughness to withstand this, so that the screw point breakage is drastically reduced. Therefore, it is possible to provide an ideal screw point that maximizes strength, wear resistance, and toughness. In addition, when the most advanced part of the screw point has a high hardness up to the axis, the most advanced part has sufficient strength, and even if an impact is applied to the most advanced part of the screw point by hitting. If the leading edge breaks or deforms, it is drastically reduced. Furthermore, when the depth of the high hardness surface layer on the surface side of the main body is close to the wear limit width, the strength and wear resistance are maintained until the screw point reaches the service limit due to wear, and the toughness is affected. When the area of the hardness core layer can be maximized, and the high hardness surface layer is 1.5 mm or more, high wear resistance can be maintained up to the wear limit recommended by JIS. In addition, when the twisted wing formed in the main body has a shape transition point, by increasing the hardness near the shape transition point from the periphery, the wear resistance of the portion with the most wear is increased, The outer shape of the screw point can be worn on average. In addition, when the threaded portion is provided integrally with the base portion and a high hardness surface layer is provided on the surface side of the threaded portion and a low hardness core layer is provided on the shaft core side, sufficient strength is provided for the integrally formed threaded portion. It can have both characteristics of toughness.

以下、本発明を実施するための最良の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。図1において、1はスウェーデン式サウンディング試験に使用されるスクリューポイントであり、横断面形状が矩形をなす四角錐形状の先端部3とこれに連なる直方体形状の基部4とからなる本体2を有している。この本体2は横断面矩形状の頂点が先端に向かうに従って右ねじれ方向に1回転ねじれてなるねじれ翼2aを持つように成形されており、その外形状の包絡線は補助線x1,x2,x3並びにx4で繋がれるように構成されている。前記補助線x1,x2,x3およびx4の各接続点が形状変移位置となっており、この形状変移位置を含む円周上に位置するねじれ翼2aに形状変移点イ,ロ,ハが点在している。また、前記基部4の端部はテーパ状に形成され、その端面が後記するロッド(図示せず)の端面とほぼ等しくなるように構成されている。さらに、前記基部4の端面にはめねじ部(図示せず)が設けられており、このめねじ部には所定太さの無頭ボルト5が螺合して離脱しないように設けられている。この無頭ボルト5には、所定の荷重が加えられながら回転するロッドのめねじ部(図示せず)が螺合するように構成されており、スクリューポイント1がロッドの回転を受けながら地盤に貫入するように構成されている。   Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a screw point used for a Swedish sounding test, which has a main body 2 having a quadrangular pyramid-shaped tip 3 having a rectangular cross-sectional shape and a rectangular parallelepiped base 4 connected thereto. ing. The main body 2 is formed so as to have a twisted wing 2a that is twisted one turn in the right twist direction as the apex of the rectangular cross section toward the tip, and the envelopes of the outer shapes are auxiliary lines x1, x2, x3. In addition, they are configured to be connected by x4. Each connection point of the auxiliary lines x1, x2, x3 and x4 is a shape transition position, and the shape transition points A, B, and C are scattered on the torsion wing 2a located on the circumference including the shape transition position. is doing. Further, the end portion of the base portion 4 is formed in a tapered shape, and the end surface thereof is configured to be substantially equal to the end surface of a rod (not shown) described later. Further, an internal thread portion (not shown) is provided on the end surface of the base portion 4, and a headless bolt 5 having a predetermined thickness is provided on the internal thread portion so as not to be detached. The headless bolt 5 is configured such that a female thread portion (not shown) of a rod that rotates while a predetermined load is applied is screwed together, and the screw point 1 is applied to the ground while receiving the rotation of the rod. It is configured to penetrate.

前記本体2は、図2ないし図6に示すように表面側の高硬度表層2bと軸芯側の低硬度芯層2cとからなっており、高硬度表層2bの硬度は低硬度芯層2cの硬度の約2倍の値となっている。この本体2の二層硬度分布は、所定低硬度の素材、もしくは調質処理等により低硬度に調整した材料またはあらかじめ通常の熱処理で芯層を低硬度にした材料に高周波焼入処理を施して得ることができる。また、前記高硬度表層2bは基部4に向かうに従ってその深さを一定比で減少させており、先端部3と基部4との接続部付近でこれが最小となるように構成されている。さらに、前記低硬度芯層の断面積は基部に向かうに従って増加し、先端部3と基部4との接続部付近で最大となるように構成されている。   As shown in FIGS. 2 to 6, the main body 2 includes a high hardness surface layer 2b on the surface side and a low hardness core layer 2c on the shaft core side. The hardness of the high hardness surface layer 2b is that of the low hardness core layer 2c. The value is about twice the hardness. The two-layer hardness distribution of the main body 2 is obtained by subjecting a material having a predetermined low hardness, a material adjusted to a low hardness by a tempering process, or a material having a core layer having a low hardness by a conventional heat treatment to induction hardening. Obtainable. Further, the depth of the high hardness surface layer 2 b is decreased at a constant ratio toward the base portion 4, and is configured to be minimum in the vicinity of the connection portion between the tip portion 3 and the base portion 4. Furthermore, the cross-sectional area of the low-hardness core layer increases toward the base, and is configured to be maximized in the vicinity of the connecting portion between the tip 3 and the base 4.

前記本体2の先端部3では、高周波焼入処理が行われる関係で、図7に示すようにその最先端部3aが軸芯まで高硬度となっており、その強度が衝撃に耐える十分なものとなるように構成されている。また、前記先端部3には最先端部3aを除いて低硬度芯層2cが残されており、スクリューポイント1が礫間に割り込んで斜め方向に貫入する際に曲げ方向の力を受ける部分が十分な靱性を持ち、折損し難いように構成されている。   The tip 3 of the main body 2 is subjected to induction hardening, so that the most advanced portion 3a has a high hardness up to the shaft core as shown in FIG. 7, and its strength is sufficient to withstand impact. It is comprised so that. Further, the tip portion 3 is left with a low-hardness core layer 2c except for the most advanced portion 3a, and a portion that receives a force in the bending direction when the screw point 1 is inserted into the gravel and penetrates in an oblique direction. It is configured to have sufficient toughness and not easily break.

さらに、前記高硬度表層2bの深さは、摩耗限界深さ以上となっており、スクリューポイント1が摩耗して廃棄されるまで一定の耐摩耗性を保てるように構成されている。なお、この高硬度表層2bの深さを、先端部3と基部4との接合部付近で1.5mm以上としてもよく、この場合JISが推奨する摩耗限界に達するまでは一定の耐摩耗性を保つことができる。   Further, the depth of the high hardness surface layer 2b is equal to or greater than the wear limit depth, and is configured to maintain a certain wear resistance until the screw point 1 is worn and discarded. The depth of the high hardness surface layer 2b may be 1.5 mm or more in the vicinity of the joint between the tip portion 3 and the base portion 4. In this case, a certain wear resistance is obtained until the wear limit recommended by JIS is reached. Can keep.

しかも、前記ねじれ翼2aに点在する形状変移点イ,ロ,ハ付近の高硬度表層2bの硬度はその周辺よりも高く設定されており、スクリューポイント1が地盤に貫入される際にその抵抗が集中して摩耗が激しくなる部分の耐摩耗性がさらに高くなるように構成されている。   Moreover, the hardness of the high hardness surface layer 2b in the vicinity of the shape transition points a, b, and c scattered on the torsion blade 2a is set to be higher than the periphery thereof, and the resistance when the screw point 1 penetrates into the ground. It is configured so that the wear resistance of the portion where the wear is concentrated and the wear becomes intense further increases.

上記スクリューポイント1は、本体2の表面側の高硬度表層2bと軸芯側の低硬度芯層2cとで構成されているため、地盤貫入時に抵抗を受ける本体2の表面の強度および耐摩耗性が高く、先端部3が衝撃により折損することが激減するばかりか、本体2の表面の摩耗も激減する。しかも、靱性に影響を与える本体2の軸芯部分が低硬度芯層2cでなっているため、スクリューポイント1が礫間に割り込んで斜め方向に貫入されて曲げ方向の力を受けても、これに耐える十分な靱性を備えている。そのため、スクリューポイント1が先端部3で折損するようなことは激減する。   Since the screw point 1 is composed of a high hardness surface layer 2b on the surface side of the main body 2 and a low hardness core layer 2c on the shaft core side, the strength and wear resistance of the surface of the main body 2 that receives resistance when the ground penetrates. In addition to the fact that the tip 3 is broken by an impact, the wear of the surface of the main body 2 is also greatly reduced. In addition, since the axial core portion of the main body 2 that affects toughness is the low hardness core layer 2c, even if the screw point 1 is inserted into the gravel and penetrates in an oblique direction and receives a force in the bending direction, Sufficient toughness to withstand Therefore, the fact that the screw point 1 breaks at the tip 3 is drastically reduced.

また、前記本体2の先端部3ではその最先端部3aが軸芯まで高硬度となっているため、最先端部3aが礫に当たって停止した時にロッドを通じてスクリューポイント1に打撃が加えられ、最先端部3aに大きな衝撃が加わっても、これに耐える十分な強度を備えているため、最先端部3aでの折損はもとより変形も激減する。   Further, since the tip 3 of the main body 2 has a high hardness up to the axial center, when the tip 3a hits the gravel and stops, the screw point 1 is hit through the rod, and the tip 3 Even if a large impact is applied to the portion 3a, it has sufficient strength to withstand this, so that not only the breakage at the most advanced portion 3a but also the deformation is drastically reduced.

さらに、本体2に設けられた高硬度表層2bの深さは摩耗限界幅以上の深さとなっているため、長期間の使用により本体2の表面の摩耗が進み、これを廃棄することとなるまで所定の耐摩耗性を保つことができる。   Furthermore, since the depth of the high hardness surface layer 2b provided in the main body 2 is not less than the wear limit width, the wear of the surface of the main body 2 proceeds with long-term use, and this is discarded. Predetermined wear resistance can be maintained.

しかも、前記高硬度表層2bの深さを1.5mm以上とした場合には、JISが推奨する摩耗限界に達するまで所定の耐摩耗性を保つことができる。   Moreover, when the depth of the high hardness surface layer 2b is 1.5 mm or more, predetermined wear resistance can be maintained until the wear limit recommended by JIS is reached.

その上、前記本体2のねじれ翼2aに点在する形状変移点イ,ロ,ハ付近はその周辺よりも高硬度となっているため、この形状変移点イ,ロ,ハ付近にスクリューポイント貫入時の抵抗が集中しても、その摩耗を抑えることができ、他の部位と同様に摩耗させることができる。   In addition, the shape transition points a, b, and c scattered around the torsion blades 2a of the main body 2 are harder than their surroundings, so that the screw point penetrates near the shape transition points a, b, and c. Even if the resistance at the time is concentrated, the wear can be suppressed and can be worn in the same manner as other parts.

なお、本実施態様では、高硬度表層2bの深さは一定に変化するように設定されているが、スクリューポイント1の形状と地盤の特性とに応じた摩耗位置を探り、この位置の高硬度表層2bの深さをその摩耗度に比例して深くしてもよい。また、本実施態様では、本体2は二層硬度分布となっているが、三層以上の硬度分布であってもよい。さらに、本実施態様の無頭ボルト5に代え、本体2の基部4にねじ部(図示せず)を一体に成形し、このねじ部の表面側に高硬度表層を、軸芯側に低硬度芯層を設けてもよい。この場合、ねじ部は十分な強度と靱性の両特性を持つことができる。
In this embodiment, the depth of the high hardness surface layer 2b is set so as to change constantly. However, the wear position corresponding to the shape of the screw point 1 and the characteristics of the ground is searched, and the high hardness at this position is determined. The depth of the surface layer 2b may be increased in proportion to the degree of wear. In the present embodiment, the main body 2 has a two-layer hardness distribution, but may have a three-layer or higher hardness distribution. Further, instead of the headless bolt 5 of this embodiment, a threaded portion (not shown) is integrally formed on the base 4 of the main body 2, a high hardness surface layer is provided on the surface side of the threaded portion, and a low hardness is provided on the shaft core side. A core layer may be provided. In this case, the threaded portion can have both sufficient strength and toughness characteristics.

本発明に係るスクリューポイントの正面図。The front view of the screw point which concerns on this invention. 図1のA−A線拡大端面図。The AA line enlarged end elevation of FIG. 図1のB−B線拡大端面図。The BB line enlarged end elevation of FIG. 図1のC−C線拡大端面図。The CC line expanded end elevation figure of FIG. 図1のDーD線拡大端面図。FIG. 2 is an enlarged end view taken along the line D-D in FIG. 1. 図1のE−E線拡大端面図。The EE line enlarged end elevation of FIG. 図1のF−F線拡大端面図。The FF line enlarged end elevation of FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 スクリューポイント
2 本体
2a ねじれ翼
2b 高硬度表層
2c 低硬度芯層
3 先端部
3a 最先端部
4 基部
5 無頭ボルト
1 Screw point
2 body
2a Twisted wing
2b High hardness surface layer 2c Low hardness core layer 3 Tip 3a Cutting edge 4 Base 5 Headless bolt

Claims (6)

横断面形状が矩形をなす四角錐形状の先端部とこれに連続する直方体形状の基部とを備えた本体を有し、この本体を横断面矩形状の頂点が先端に向かうに従ってねじれてなるねじれ翼を持つように成形する一方、この本体の表面側に高硬度表層を、軸芯側に低硬度芯層を設け、高硬度表層の深さは先端部の最先端部に向かうに従って増加させてあることを特徴とするスクリューポイント。 A torsional wing having a main body having a quadrangular pyramid-shaped tip portion having a rectangular cross-sectional shape and a rectangular parallelepiped base portion continuous thereto, and the main body is twisted as the apex of the rectangular cross-section toward the tip end On the other hand, a high hardness surface layer is provided on the surface side of the main body and a low hardness core layer is provided on the shaft core side, and the depth of the high hardness surface layer is increased toward the most distal end portion of the tip portion. Screw point characterized by that. 先端部の最先端部は、軸芯まで高硬度層であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のスクリューポイント。   The screw point according to claim 1, wherein the most distal end portion of the tip portion is a high hardness layer up to the axis. 高硬度表層の深さを摩耗限度幅近くとしたことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のスクリューポイント。   The screw point according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the depth of the high hardness surface layer is close to the wear limit width. 高硬度表層を1.5mm以上としたことを特徴とする請求項1、2または3に記載のスクリューポイント。   The screw point according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the high hardness surface layer is 1.5 mm or more. 本体に成形されたねじれ翼は、形状変移点を有し、この形状変移点付近の硬度をその周辺よりも高くしたことを特徴とする請求項1,2,3または4に記載のスクリューポイント。   The screw point according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, wherein the twisted wing formed in the main body has a shape transition point, and the hardness in the vicinity of the shape transition point is higher than that in the vicinity thereof. 横断面形状が矩形をなす四角錐形状の先端部とこれに連続する直方体形状の基部とを備えた本体を有し、この本体を横断面矩形状の頂点が先端に向かうに従ってねじれてなるねじれ翼を持つように成形する一方、前記基部にねじ部を一体に設け、このねじ部の表面側に高硬度表層を、軸芯側に低硬度芯層を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1,2,3,4または5に記載のスクリューポイント。 A torsional wing having a main body having a quadrangular pyramid-shaped tip portion having a rectangular cross-sectional shape and a rectangular parallelepiped base portion continuous thereto, and the main body is twisted as the apex of the rectangular cross-section toward the tip end The screw portion is integrally provided on the base portion, a high hardness surface layer is provided on the surface side of the screw portion, and a low hardness core layer is provided on the shaft core side . Screw point according to 2, 3, 4 or 5 .
JP2007119432A 2007-04-27 2007-04-27 Screw point Active JP4939297B2 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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JP2678981B2 (en) * 1995-06-09 1997-11-19 株式会社三誠 Sounding tester and screw point
JP3365722B2 (en) * 1997-03-31 2003-01-14 日東精工株式会社 Screw point
JP2004232212A (en) * 2003-01-28 2004-08-19 稔 ▲高▼橋 Swedish sounding test screw point loosening tool
JP2006104763A (en) * 2004-10-05 2006-04-20 Itm:Kk Screw point
JP2006132216A (en) * 2004-11-08 2006-05-25 Maezumi Seisakusho:Kk Screw point
JP2006263868A (en) * 2005-03-24 2006-10-05 System Planning:Kk Manufacturing device and method of screw point and screw point
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