JP4887838B2 - 多孔質体の製造方法およびそれを用いた多孔質体 - Google Patents
多孔質体の製造方法およびそれを用いた多孔質体 Download PDFInfo
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Description
ポリマー、貧溶媒および良溶媒を混合して混合溶液を調製する。各溶媒の添加順序は特に制限されない。
前記混合溶液を300℃/hr以下の速度で冷却して、前記混合溶液を凍結させる。凍結工程においては、前記範囲の速度で冷却を行う以外は何ら制限されず、例えば、市販の凍結乾燥機を用いて前記混合溶液の凍結を行うことができる。前記凍結乾燥機としては、冷却速度の制御が可能な機種が好ましく、例えば、商品名TF5-85ATANCS(宝製作所製)等が使用できる。
前記凍結処理工程において得られた混合溶液の凍結処理物を減圧乾燥することによって、多孔質体が得られる。減圧乾燥の条件は何ら制限されず、従来公知の方法で行うことができる。
貧溶媒濃度(質量%) ポアサイズ(μm)
6-9 30-200
9.25-9.75 <200-400
10 <400-800
10.25 <800-1000
冷却速度5℃/hr
貧溶媒濃度(質量%) ポアサイズ(μm)
6-9.5 30-200
4.75-10 <200-400
10.25-10.5 <400-800
10.75 <800-1200
11-11.5 <1200-1500
冷却速度10℃/hr
貧溶媒濃度(質量%) ポアサイズ(μm)
6-10 30-200
10.25 <200-400
10.5-10.75 <400-800
11 <800-1200
11-11.75 <1200-1800
冷却速度180℃/hr
貧溶媒濃度(質量%) ポアサイズ(μm)
6-10.25 30-200
10.5-11 <200-400
11.25-12 <400-800
従来法として凍結温度の設定によってポアサイズを変化させる方法を採用し、これにより多孔質体を作製した。前記実施例1と同様のP(LA/CL=50/50)と1,4-ジオキサンとを質量比4:96となるように混合して混合溶液を調製した。この混合溶液(20g)をステンレスシャーレに供給し、前記ステンレスシャーレを冷凍庫内で所定の冷却温度(-80, -30, -15℃)に4時間静置して凍結させた。そして、これらのステンレスシャーレを凍結乾燥機(商品名Freeze dryer FDU-830:EYELA社製)に設置して減圧乾燥を行った。また、ステンレスシャーレに前記混合溶液(20g)を供給し、これを液体窒素(-196℃)で凍結した後、同様にして減圧乾燥を行った。これにより、4種類の多孔質体サンプルを作製した。得られた多孔質体サンプルのポアサイズを下記表1に示す。
従来法としてポリマー含有量によってポアサイズを変化させる方法を採用し、これにより多孔質体を作製した。前記実施例1と同様のP(LA/CL=50/50)と1,4-ジオキサンとを質量比2:98、4:96、6:94となるようにそれぞれ混合して混合溶液を調製した。そして、ドライアイスとエタノールを用いて-60℃で混合溶液を凍結した以外は、前記比較例1と同様にして凍結乾燥機(商品名Freeze dryer FDU-830:EYELA社製)により減圧乾燥を行い、多孔質体サンプルを作製した。得られたサンプルのポアサイズを下記表1に示す。
比較例1 凍結温度 ポアサイズ(μm)
-196℃ 12
-80℃ 33
-30℃ 56
-15℃ 82
比較例2 質量比 ポアサイズ(μm)
2:98 83
4:96 56
6:94 46
Claims (24)
- ラクチドとカプロラクトンとの共重合体を含むポリマー、前記ポリマーに対して相対的に溶解度の低い溶媒、および、前記ポリマーに対して相対的に溶解度が高く且つ前記溶解度の低い溶媒と相溶性である溶媒を含む混合溶液を調製する工程、
前記混合溶液を凍結処理する工程、
前記混合溶液の凍結処理物を減圧乾燥する工程を含む多孔質体の製造方法であって、
前記混合溶液の調製工程において、前記ポリマーに対して相対的に溶解度の低い溶媒の前記混合溶液中の含有率を変化させ、且つ、前記凍結工程において、前記混合溶液を300℃/hr以下の速度で冷却することによって、製造される多孔質体のポアサイズを制御することを特徴とする多孔質体の製造方法。 - 前記混合溶液を300℃/hr以下の同じ一定速度で冷却する、請求項1記載の多孔質体の製造方法。
- 前記凍結工程において、前記混合溶液を容器に入れ、前記容器の底部から前記混合溶液を冷却する、請求項1または2記載の多孔質体の製造方法。
- 前記凍結工程において、混合溶液の冷却に凍結機を使用し、前記混合溶液が入った前記容器を、前記凍結機の冷却棚に配置し、前記冷却棚の温度を300℃/hr以下の同じ一定速度で減少するように制御する、請求項3記載の多孔質体の製造方法。
- 前記容器が、ステンレス製容器である、請求項3または4記載の多孔質体の製造方法。
- 前記凍結工程における冷却速度が、3〜180℃/hrの範囲である、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質体の製造方法。
- 前記ポリマーに対して相対的に溶解度の低い溶媒が、水、エタノールおよびターシャリーブチルアルコールからなる群から選択された少なくとも一つである、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質体の製造方法。
- 前記ポリマーに対して相対的に溶解度が高い溶媒が、1,4−ジオキサンおよび炭酸ジメチルの少なくとも一方である、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質体の製造方法。
- 前記混合溶液における前記相対的に溶解度が低い溶媒の含有率が、6〜12.5質量%の範囲である、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質体の製造方法。
- ラクチドとカプロラクトンとの共重合体において、ラクチドとカプロラクトンとのモル比が、90:10〜10:90の範囲である、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質体の製造方法。
- 前記凍結工程において、前記混合溶液の最終凍結処理温度が、共晶点以下である、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質体の製造方法。
- 前記凍結工程において、前記混合溶液の最終凍結処理温度が、−10℃以下である、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質体の製造方法。
- 前記混合溶液の最終凍結処理温度が、−50〜−10℃の範囲である、請求項12記載の多孔質体の製造方法。
- 前記凍結工程において、前記混合溶液を最終凍結処理温度で0を超え12時間以下の範囲で処理する、請求項11〜13のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質体の製造方法。
- 前記凍結工程において、凍結処理開始時における前記混合溶液の温度が、10℃〜室温の範囲である、請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質体の製造方法。
- 凍結処理開始時における前記混合溶液の温度が、10℃である、請求項15記載の多孔質体の製造方法。
- 前記混合溶液における前記ポリマー濃度が、0.1〜24質量%の範囲である、請求項1〜16のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質体の製造方法。
- 前記ポリマーと前記ポリマーに対して相対的に溶解度が高い溶媒との質量比が、0.1:99.9〜24:76の範囲である請求項1〜17のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質体の製造方法。
- 前記ポリマーと前記ポリマーに対して相対的に溶解度が高い溶媒との質量比が、4:96である請求項18記載の多孔質体の製造方法。
- 前記ポリマーと前記ポリマーに対して相対的に溶解度が低い溶媒との質量比が、3.2:20〜4:0.5の範囲である請求項1〜19のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質体の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜20のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質体の製造方法によって得られる多孔質体。
- 平均ポアサイズが、30〜1800μmの範囲である、請求項21記載の多孔質体。
- 多孔質体が培養細胞の足場材料である、請求項21または22記載の多孔質体。
- 多孔質体が医療用多孔質体である、請求項21〜23のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質体。
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