JP4884332B2 - 内燃機関の排気システム - Google Patents
内燃機関の排気システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP4884332B2 JP4884332B2 JP2007214902A JP2007214902A JP4884332B2 JP 4884332 B2 JP4884332 B2 JP 4884332B2 JP 2007214902 A JP2007214902 A JP 2007214902A JP 2007214902 A JP2007214902 A JP 2007214902A JP 4884332 B2 JP4884332 B2 JP 4884332B2
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- expansion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/21—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media
- B01F23/213—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids
- B01F23/2132—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids using nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/30—Injector mixers
- B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
- B01F25/314—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit
- B01F25/3141—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit with additional mixing means other than injector mixers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
- B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
- B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
- B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
- B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
- B01F25/4332—Mixers with a strong change of direction in the conduit for homogenizing the flow
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
- B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
- B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
- B01F25/4335—Mixers with a converging-diverging cross-section
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
- B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
- B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
- B01F25/4338—Mixers with a succession of converging-diverging cross-sections, i.e. undulating cross-section
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/02—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using resonance
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2892—Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2490/00—Structure, disposition or shape of gas-chambers
- F01N2490/16—Chambers with particular shapes, e.g. spherical
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2490/00—Structure, disposition or shape of gas-chambers
- F01N2490/18—Dimensional characteristics of gas chambers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Description
内燃機関の排気管に配置された排気浄化装置と、
排気浄化装置より上流に位置する排気管の途中に配置され、該排気管の通路断面積より大きな断面積の排気流路を有する拡張室と、
前記拡張室へ流入する排気に還元剤を供給する還元剤供給装置と、を備え、
前記拡張室は、該拡張室の内部空間において排気のバックステップ流を生起するバックステップ流生成部と、該拡張室の内部空間へ流入した排気の流れを旋回流に変更する旋回流生成部とを備えるようにした。
クステップ流が生起される。拡張室の内部空間においてバックステップ流が生起されると、排気管の内壁面近傍を流れていた排気や還元剤が拡張室内の周縁へ分散・拡散するため、排気及び還元剤を含む気流の集束性が低下する。また、拡張室の内部空間へ流入した排気及び還元剤は慣性によって流入方向へ略直線的に流れようとするが、それらの流れは旋回流生成部によって旋回流に変更される。排気及び還元剤の流れが旋回流に変更されると、排気と還元剤の混合が促進される。更に、バックステップ流と旋回流が交差或いは衝突すると、拡張室内に乱流が発生するため、排気流量の偏りが解消されるとともに排気と還元剤が均質に混合される。その結果、排気及び還元剤が排気浄化装置の全域に均等に行き渡り易くなる。
せる流出口は、該流出口の開口面が前記流入口の開口面を延長した範囲からオフセットされた位置に設けられるようにしてもよい。これは、流入口の開口面を延長した範囲に流出口の開口面の少なくとも一部が重なると、流入口から拡張室へ流入した排気の一部が直線的に流出口へ到達する可能性があるからである。
先ず、本発明の第1の実施例について図1〜図6基づいて説明する。図1は、本発明に係る内燃機関の排気システムの全体構成を示す図である。
る。
α≧sin-1(C+D)/A・・・(1)
3C≧B≧1.2C・・・(2)
次に、本発明の第2の実施例について図7〜図9に基づいて説明する。ここでは、前述した第1の実施例と異なる構成について説明し、同様の構成については説明を省略する。
次に、本発明の第3の実施例について図11〜図13に基づいて説明する。ここでは前述した第1の実施例と異なる構成について説明し、同様の構成については説明を省略する。
次に、本発明の第4の実施例について図14〜図15に基づいて説明する。ここでは前述した第1の実施例と異なる構成について説明し、同様の構成については説明を省略する。
次に、本発明の第5の実施例について図16〜図18に基づいて説明する。ここでは前述した第1の実施例と異なる構成について説明し、同様の構成については説明を省略する。
次に、本発明の第6の実施例について図19〜図20に基づいて説明する。ここでは前述した第1の実施例と異なる構成について説明し、同様の構成については説明を省略する。
、流入口33の底面は、上流側排気管2の内部と円柱体30の内周壁面31とを段差を介さずに連通するように構成される。
次に、本発明の第7の実施例について図21〜図23に基づいて説明する。ここでは前述した第1の実施例と異なる構成について説明し、同様の構成については説明を省略する。
。
2・・・・・上流側排気管
3・・・・・拡張室
4・・・・・下流側排気管
5・・・・・排気浄化装置
6・・・・・還元剤添加弁(還元剤供給装置)
30・・・・円柱体
31・・・・内周壁面(旋回流生成部)
32・・・・上流側端面
33・・・・流入口(バックステップ流生成部)
34・・・・下流側端面
35・・・・流出口
36・・・・突起
37・・・・突出管
38・・・・突出管
39・・・・環状突起
40・・・・段付部
41・・・・***部
42・・・・レゾネータ
43・・・・連通孔
44・・・・底面
50・・・・内壁面
51・・・・流入口
60・・・・拡張室
61・・・・円柱体
Claims (8)
- 内燃機関の排気管に配置された排気浄化装置と、
排気浄化装置より上流に位置する排気管の途中に配置され、該排気管の通路断面積より大きな断面積の内部空間を有する拡張室と、
前記拡張室へ流入する排気に還元剤を供給する還元剤供給装置と、を備え、
前記拡張室は、該拡張室より上流に位置する排気管の内部と前記拡張室の内部空間とを段差を介して連通させる流入口であって、前記拡張室の内部空間において排気のバックステップ流を生起するバックステップ流生成部と、前記拡張室へ流入する排気の流入方向と斜めに交差するガイド壁面であって、前記拡張室の内部空間に流入した排気の流れを旋回流に変更する旋回流生成部と、を備えることを特徴とする内燃機関の排気システム。 - 請求項1において、前記拡張室は、該拡張室へ流入する排気の流入方向に対して該拡張室の軸線が斜めに交差するように配置され、
前記ガイド壁面は、前記拡張室の内壁面であることを特徴とする内燃機関の排気システム。 - 請求項1において、前記ガイド壁面は、前記拡張室の内壁面に設けられた突起の壁面であることを特徴とする内燃機関の排気システム。
- 内燃機関の排気管に設けられた排気浄化装置と、
前記排気浄化装置より上流に位置する排気管の途中に配置され、該排気管の通路断面積より大きな断面積の内部空間を有する拡張室と、
前記拡張室へ流入する排気に還元剤を供給する還元剤供給装置と、
を備え、
前記拡張室は、該拡張室へ流入する排気の流入方向に対して該拡張室の軸線が斜めに交差するように配置されるとともに、該拡張室より上流に位置する排気管の内部と該拡張室の内部空間とを段差を介して連通させる流入口を有することを特徴とする内燃機関の排気システム。 - 内燃機関の排気管に設けられた排気浄化装置と、
前記排気浄化装置より上流に位置する排気管の途中に配置され、該排気管の通路断面積より大きな断面積の内部空間を有する拡張室と、
前記拡張室へ流入する排気に還元剤を供給する還元剤供給装置と、
を備え、
前記拡張室は、該拡張室へ流入する排気の流入方向に対して斜めに交差する内壁面を有するとともに、該拡張室より上流に位置する排気管の内部と該拡張室の内部空間とを段差を介して連通させる流入口を有することを特徴とする内燃機関の排気システム。 - 請求項1〜5の何れか一において、前記流入口は、前記排気管の内部底面と前記拡張室の内部空間の底面とを段差を介さずに連通させることを特徴とする内燃機関の排気システム。
- 請求項1〜6の何れか一において、前記拡張室の内部空間の上流端から下流端までの長さは、前記段差の高さの7倍以下であることを特徴とする内燃機関の排気システム。
- 請求項1〜7の何れか一において、前記拡張室は、中空の円柱状に形成されることを特徴とする内燃機関の排気システム。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007214902A JP4884332B2 (ja) | 2007-08-21 | 2007-08-21 | 内燃機関の排気システム |
PCT/JP2008/064720 WO2009025262A1 (ja) | 2007-08-21 | 2008-08-19 | 内燃機関の排気システム |
EP08828023A EP2182189B1 (en) | 2007-08-21 | 2008-08-19 | Exhaust system for internal combustion engine |
CN2008801037561A CN101784770B (zh) | 2007-08-21 | 2008-08-19 | 内燃机的排气*** |
US12/673,946 US20110041488A1 (en) | 2007-08-21 | 2008-08-19 | Exhaust system of internal combustion engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007214902A JP4884332B2 (ja) | 2007-08-21 | 2007-08-21 | 内燃機関の排気システム |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2009047091A JP2009047091A (ja) | 2009-03-05 |
JP4884332B2 true JP4884332B2 (ja) | 2012-02-29 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007214902A Expired - Fee Related JP4884332B2 (ja) | 2007-08-21 | 2007-08-21 | 内燃機関の排気システム |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20110041488A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2182189B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4884332B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101784770B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2009025262A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010053033A1 (ja) * | 2008-11-05 | 2010-05-14 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
JP5381661B2 (ja) * | 2009-12-01 | 2014-01-08 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 排気浄化装置 |
JP5146605B2 (ja) * | 2010-06-21 | 2013-02-20 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 排気加熱装置 |
US8793982B2 (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2014-08-05 | Electro-Motive Diesel Inc. | Control system for a two-stroke locomotive diesel engine having an exhaust aftertreatment system |
JP5605578B2 (ja) * | 2011-06-17 | 2014-10-15 | 三菱自動車工業株式会社 | 排気浄化装置 |
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-
2007
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2008
- 2008-08-19 EP EP08828023A patent/EP2182189B1/en not_active Not-in-force
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- 2008-08-19 US US12/673,946 patent/US20110041488A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-08-19 WO PCT/JP2008/064720 patent/WO2009025262A1/ja active Application Filing
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EP2182189A1 (en) | 2010-05-05 |
JP2009047091A (ja) | 2009-03-05 |
EP2182189B1 (en) | 2012-09-19 |
US20110041488A1 (en) | 2011-02-24 |
CN101784770B (zh) | 2012-10-24 |
CN101784770A (zh) | 2010-07-21 |
EP2182189A4 (en) | 2011-07-13 |
WO2009025262A1 (ja) | 2009-02-26 |
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