JP4881820B2 - Absorption refrigerator - Google Patents

Absorption refrigerator Download PDF

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JP4881820B2
JP4881820B2 JP2007234171A JP2007234171A JP4881820B2 JP 4881820 B2 JP4881820 B2 JP 4881820B2 JP 2007234171 A JP2007234171 A JP 2007234171A JP 2007234171 A JP2007234171 A JP 2007234171A JP 4881820 B2 JP4881820 B2 JP 4881820B2
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absorption
refrigerant vapor
absorbing liquid
liquid
flow direction
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JP2009068724A (en
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▲隆▼一郎 川上
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Osaka Gas Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems

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Description

本発明は、横側面に蒸発器に連なって冷媒蒸気を導入する導入路を備えた吸収器本体と、その吸収器本体の上部に設けられて、吸収液を液滴として散布する吸収液散布手段と、その吸収液散布手段に供給される前に吸収液を過冷却する過冷却器とを備えた吸収冷凍機に関する。   The present invention relates to an absorber main body provided with an introduction path for introducing refrigerant vapor connected to an evaporator on a lateral side surface, and an absorbing liquid spraying means provided on the upper part of the absorber main body for spraying the absorbing liquid as droplets. And an absorption refrigerator including a supercooler for supercooling the absorbent before being supplied to the absorbent spraying means.

吸収冷凍機の吸収器としては、吸収器本体内に冷却手段を設け、吸収器での冷媒蒸気の吸収時に発生する熱により温度が上昇した吸収液を冷却する、いわゆる冷却型吸収器が知られている。
ところが、構造が複雑で専用の熱交換器を吸収器本体内に組み込むために高価になる不都合がある。 As an absorber of an absorption refrigerator, a so-called cooling type absorber is known in which a cooling means is provided in the absorber body, and the absorbing liquid whose temperature has risen due to heat generated during absorption of refrigerant vapor in the absorber is cooled. ing.
However, since the structure is complicated and a dedicated heat exchanger is incorporated in the absorber body, there is a disadvantage that it is expensive.

このような不都合を回避する上で、汎用の熱交換器やパッケージエアコンなどに使用される空気熱交換器を過冷却器として用いることができる、いわゆる断熱吸収器が有利であり、従来、次のようなものが知られている。
すなわち、空冷吸収器の円筒状の伝熱器体中に蒸発器が一体に組み込んで構成され、再生器からの臭化リチウム濃溶液を上部空間側溶液散布トレイに導入し、その溶液散布トレイから伝熱器体の内壁面に液膜状態で流下させるとともに下部側液溜め部からの冷媒蒸気吸収後の臭化リチウム希溶液を溶液ポンプによりクロスフィン熱交換器構造よりなる空冷吸収液冷却器を介設した吸収液循環路（希溶液循環路）を通してスプレーノズルに導入した後、伝熱器体の上部空間側内壁面に霧状に吹き付けて上方から下方に緩やかに流下させ、各流下状態において蒸発器で蒸発し、エリミネータを介して拡散供給される冷媒蒸気を吸収させるようになっている（特許文献１参照）。
特開平１０−１２２６８５号公報 In order to avoid such inconvenience, a so-called adiabatic absorber that can use an air heat exchanger used for a general-purpose heat exchanger or a packaged air conditioner as a subcooler is advantageous. Something like that is known.
That is, the evaporator is integrated into the cylindrical heat transfer body of the air-cooled absorber, and the lithium bromide concentrated solution from the regenerator is introduced into the upper space side solution spray tray, and the solution spray tray An air-cooled absorption liquid cooler having a cross-fin heat exchanger structure is used to cause the lithium bromide dilute solution after the refrigerant vapor absorption from the lower side liquid reservoir to flow down to the inner wall surface of the heat transfer body in a liquid film state by a solution pump. After being introduced into the spray nozzle through the intervening absorption liquid circulation path (diluted solution circulation path), it is sprayed on the inner wall surface of the upper space side of the heat transfer body in a mist form and gently flows downward from above. It evaporates with an evaporator and absorbs the refrigerant vapor diffused and supplied through an eliminator (see Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-122585

しかしながら、上述のように伝熱器体の上部空間側内壁面を流下する吸収液に冷媒蒸気を吸収させるものでは、伝熱器体の上部空間側内壁面と接触している部分が冷媒蒸気に接触せず、冷媒蒸気の吸収性能が低い欠点があった。
そこで、吸収器本体の上部から吸収液を液滴状態で散布するように構成したものがあるが、次のような問題があった。
冷媒蒸気との接触面積を多くするためには、吸収液を細かい液滴にして散布するのが好ましいが、液滴を密に散布すると蒸発器から導入される冷媒蒸気の流れを阻害し、冷媒蒸気の流れ方向の下流側では吸収液と接触せず、吸収性能が低下する。逆に液滴を疎に散布すると、吸収器本体の水平方向での面積を大きくしなければならず、大型化する問題があった。 However, in the case where the refrigerant vapor is absorbed by the absorbing liquid flowing down the upper space side inner wall surface of the heat transfer body as described above, the portion in contact with the upper space side inner wall surface of the heat transfer body becomes the refrigerant vapor. There was a drawback that the refrigerant vapor absorption performance was low without contact.
Therefore, there is a configuration in which the absorbing liquid is sprayed from the upper part of the absorber body in the form of droplets, but there are the following problems.
In order to increase the contact area with the refrigerant vapor, it is preferable to disperse the absorbing liquid as fine droplets. However, when the droplets are densely dispersed, the flow of the refrigerant vapor introduced from the evaporator is hindered, and the refrigerant On the downstream side in the steam flow direction, it does not come into contact with the absorbing liquid, and the absorption performance decreases. On the other hand, when the droplets are sparsely distributed, the area of the absorber body in the horizontal direction has to be increased, and there is a problem of increasing the size.

本発明は、このような事情に鑑みてなされたものであって、請求項１、２および３に係る発明は、吸収液散布孔を合理的に配置して、散布孔形成部材を大きくすることなく、冷媒蒸気の流れを阻害せずに液滴との接触面積を大きくして吸収性能を向上できるようにすることを目的とし、請求項４に係る発明は、吸収液散布孔から細かな液滴で散布できるようにすることを目的とし、請求項５に係る発明は、製作簡単で安価にして吸収液散布孔から細かな液滴で散布できるようにすることを目的とする。   This invention is made | formed in view of such a situation, Comprising: The invention which concerns on Claim 1, 2, and 3 arrange | positions an absorption-liquid dispersion | distribution hole rationally, and enlarges a dispersion | spreading hole formation member. In order to improve the absorption performance by increasing the contact area with the liquid droplets without hindering the flow of the refrigerant vapor, the invention according to claim 4 provides a fine liquid from the absorption liquid spray hole. An object of the present invention is to make it possible to disperse with droplets, and an object of the invention according to claim 5 is to be able to disperse with fine droplets from an absorbing solution dispersal hole with simple manufacture and low cost.

請求項１に係る発明は、上述のような目的を達成するために、
横側面に蒸発器に連なって冷媒蒸気を導入する導入路を備えた吸収器本体と、前記吸収器本体の上部に設けられて、吸収液を液滴として散布する吸収液散布手段と、前記吸収液散布手段に供給される前に吸収液を過冷却する過冷却器とを備えた吸収冷凍機において、
前記吸収液散布手段を、
吸収液の液滴を散布する吸収液散布孔を分散配備して構成し、
かつ、前記吸収液散布孔を、前記導入路から導入される冷媒蒸気の流れ方向での間隔が、冷媒蒸気の流れ方向に直交する水平方向での前記導入路に最も近い箇所の間隔よりも小さい間隔になるとともに、前記導入路から導入される冷媒蒸気の流れ方向で上流側よりも下流側が密になる状態で分布するように分散させてあることを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above-described object, the invention according to claim 1
An absorber body provided with an introduction path for introducing refrigerant vapor connected to the evaporator on a lateral side surface, an absorbing liquid spraying means provided on an upper part of the absorber body for spraying an absorbing liquid as droplets, and the absorption In an absorption refrigerator having a supercooler for supercooling the absorption liquid before being supplied to the liquid spraying means,
The absorbent spraying means,
Absorbing liquid spray holes for dispersing liquid droplets of absorbing liquid are distributed and configured,
In addition, an interval in the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor introduced from the introduction passage through the absorption liquid spray hole is smaller than an interval at a location closest to the introduction passage in the horizontal direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor. In addition to being spaced apart, the refrigerant vapor is distributed so that the downstream side is more densely distributed than the upstream side in the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor introduced from the introduction path.

（作用・効果）
請求項１に係る発明の吸収冷凍機の構成によれば、冷媒蒸気の流れ方向よりも疎な状態で分布された吸収液散布孔から散布される液滴の間を通じて冷媒蒸気を流し、冷媒蒸気の流れ方向に沿って密な状態で分布された吸収液散布孔から散布される液滴に接触させて冷媒を吸収液に吸収させ、かつ、冷媒蒸気の流れ方向下流側になるほど一層密な状態で分布された吸収液散布孔から散布される液滴によって、流動する冷媒蒸気が通過することを抑制しながら冷媒蒸気を液滴に接触させて冷媒を吸収液に吸収させることができる。
したがって、吸収液散布孔を冷媒蒸気の流れ方向には密、それに直交する水平方向には疎に、更に、冷媒蒸気の流れ方向の下流側が上流側よりも密になるように分布させるという合理的な配置構成により、冷媒蒸気の流れを阻害せずに液滴との接触面積を大きくして吸収性能を向上できるとともに、冷媒蒸気の通過を抑制して十分に液滴に接触させて冷媒の吸収液への吸収量を増加できる。
しかも、例えば、冷媒蒸気の流れ方向には密、それに直交する水平方向には疎にし、冷媒蒸気の流れ方向に均一に形成する場合に比べて、一定量の吸収液を散布する上で、平面面積を減少でき、散布孔形成部材を大きくせずに済み、機体を小型化できる利点を有している。 (Action / Effect)
According to the configuration of the absorption refrigerator of the invention according to claim 1, the refrigerant vapor is caused to flow through the droplets dispersed from the absorbing liquid spraying holes distributed in a state sparser than the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor. The refrigerant is absorbed in the absorbing liquid by contacting the droplets distributed from the absorbing liquid spray holes distributed in a dense state along the flow direction of the refrigerant, and the denser the state is as it becomes downstream in the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor. The liquid droplets sprayed from the absorbing liquid spraying holes distributed in (1) can cause the refrigerant vapor to contact the liquid droplets while suppressing the passage of the flowing refrigerant vapor, and the refrigerant can be absorbed by the absorbing liquid.
Therefore, it is reasonable to distribute the absorbing liquid spray holes so that they are dense in the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor, sparse in the horizontal direction perpendicular thereto, and further, the downstream side in the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor is denser than the upstream side. This arrangement makes it possible to improve the absorption performance by increasing the contact area with the liquid droplets without hindering the flow of the refrigerant vapor, and also absorbs the refrigerant by sufficiently preventing the refrigerant vapor from passing through and contacting the liquid droplets. The amount absorbed into the liquid can be increased.
In addition, for example, it is dense in the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor, sparse in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the flow direction, and more uniform in the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor. The area can be reduced, the sprinkling hole forming member does not need to be enlarged, and the airframe can be downsized.

請求項２に係る発明は、前述のような目的を達成するために、
請求項１に記載の吸収冷凍機において、
導入路から導入される冷媒蒸気の流れ方向での吸収液散布孔の分散状態が、比例的に密になるように構成する。 In order to achieve the above-described object, the invention according to claim 2
The absorption refrigerator according to claim 1,
The dispersion state of the absorption liquid spray holes in the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor introduced from the introduction path is configured to be proportionally dense.

（作用・効果）
請求項２に係る発明の吸収冷凍機の構成によれば、比例的に密になるように分布された吸収液散布孔からの液滴に、流動する冷媒蒸気が通過することを抑制しながら冷媒蒸気を接触させ、冷媒を吸収液に吸収させることができる。
したがって、冷媒蒸気の流れを阻害せずに液滴との接触面積を大きくして吸収性能を向上できるとともに、冷媒蒸気の通過を抑制して十分に液滴に接触させて冷媒の吸収液への吸収量を増加できる。 (Action / Effect)
According to the configuration of the absorption refrigerator of the invention according to claim 2, the refrigerant is suppressed while passing the flowing refrigerant vapor through the droplets from the absorption liquid spraying holes distributed so as to be proportionally dense. Steam can be contacted and the refrigerant can be absorbed by the absorbent.
Therefore, it is possible to improve the absorption performance by increasing the contact area with the liquid droplets without hindering the flow of the refrigerant vapor, and to suppress the passage of the refrigerant vapor and sufficiently contact the liquid droplets to the refrigerant absorption liquid. Absorption can be increased.

請求項３に係る発明は、前述のような目的を達成するために、
請求項１に記載の吸収冷凍機において、
導入路から導入される冷媒蒸気の流れ方向での吸収液散布孔の分散状態が、段階的に密になるように構成する。 In order to achieve the above-described object, the invention according to claim 3
The absorption refrigerator according to claim 1,
The dispersion state of the absorbing liquid spraying holes in the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor introduced from the introduction path is configured so as to become dense stepwise.

（作用・効果）
請求項３に係る発明の吸収冷凍機の構成によれば、段階的に密になるように分布された吸収液散布孔からの液滴に、流動する冷媒蒸気が通過することを抑制しながら冷媒蒸気を接触させ、冷媒を吸収液に吸収させることができる。
したがって、冷媒蒸気の流れを阻害せずに液滴との接触面積を大きくして吸収性能を向上できるとともに、冷媒蒸気の通過を抑制して十分に液滴に接触させて冷媒の吸収液への吸収量を増加できる。
しかも、段階的に密になるように分布させるから、吸収液散布孔を形成しやすい利点を有している。 (Action / Effect)
According to the configuration of the absorption refrigerator of the invention according to claim 3, the refrigerant is suppressed while passing the flowing refrigerant vapor through the droplets from the absorbing liquid spraying holes distributed so as to be dense in stages. Steam can be contacted and the refrigerant can be absorbed by the absorbent.
Therefore, it is possible to improve the absorption performance by increasing the contact area with the liquid droplets without hindering the flow of the refrigerant vapor, and to suppress the passage of the refrigerant vapor and sufficiently contact the liquid droplets to the refrigerant absorption liquid. Absorption can be increased.
And since it distributes so that it may become dense in steps, it has an advantage which is easy to form an absorption liquid dispersion | spreading hole.

請求項４に係る発明は、前述のような目的を達成するために、
請求項１、２、３のいずれかに記載の吸収冷凍機において、
吸収液散布手段が、吸収液散布孔を吸収液の液滴を受け留めるトレイの底面に分散配備して構成したものであり、かつ、前記トレイの底部上面から前記吸収液散布孔の下端までの長さが前記吸収液散布孔の開口径の１．３倍以上になるように構成する。 In order to achieve the above-described object, the invention according to claim 4
In the absorption refrigerator according to any one of claims 1, 2, and 3,
The absorbing liquid spraying means is configured by dispersing and arranging the absorbing liquid spraying holes on the bottom surface of the tray for receiving the absorbing liquid droplets, and from the bottom upper surface of the tray to the lower end of the absorbing liquid spraying hole. The length is configured to be 1.3 times or more the opening diameter of the absorbing liquid spray hole.

（作用・効果）
トレイ内の吸収液に加え、吸収液散布孔内で、開口径の１．３倍以上のヘッド差を備えるから、その部分の重量が加わることにより吸収液散布孔の下端で液滴が形成されて離れるまでの時間が短くなり、細かな液滴で落下させることができ、液滴の表面積が大きくなって冷媒蒸気と接触する表面積を大きくでき、吸収性能を向上できる。 (Action / Effect)
In addition to the absorption liquid in the tray, there is a head difference of 1.3 times or more of the opening diameter in the absorption liquid spray hole, so that the weight of that part adds droplets at the lower end of the absorption liquid spray hole. The time until it leaves can be shortened, and it can be dropped with fine droplets, the surface area of the droplets can be increased, the surface area in contact with the refrigerant vapor can be increased, and the absorption performance can be improved.

請求項５に係る発明は、前述のような目的を達成するために、
請求項１、２、３、４のいずれかに記載の吸収冷凍機において、
吸収液散布孔を、バーリング加工によって孔下端がトレイの底部下面よりも突出する状態に形成して構成する。 In order to achieve the above-described object, the invention according to claim 5
In the absorption refrigerator according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, and 4,
The absorbing liquid spray hole is formed by burring so that the lower end of the hole protrudes from the bottom lower surface of the tray.

（作用・効果）
請求項５に係る発明の吸収冷凍機の構成によれば、吸収液散布孔をバーリング加工によって形成するから、吸収液散布孔を備えるトレイを安価に製作できる。しかも、吸収液散布孔の下端をトレイの底部下面よりも突出させ、その孔下端周縁の厚みを薄くでき、平板に孔を形成したものに比べて、液滴が孔周縁から離れやすくなるから、細かな液滴で落下させることができ、液滴の表面積が大きくなって冷媒蒸気と接触する表面積を大きくでき、吸収性能を向上できる。 (Action / Effect)
According to the configuration of the absorption refrigerator of the invention according to claim 5, since the absorbing liquid spraying hole is formed by burring, a tray having the absorbing liquid spraying hole can be manufactured at low cost. Moreover, the lower end of the absorbing liquid spraying hole protrudes from the bottom bottom surface of the tray, the thickness of the peripheral edge of the lower end of the hole can be reduced, and the droplets can be easily separated from the peripheral edge of the hole as compared with the case where the hole is formed in the flat plate It can be dropped with fine droplets, the surface area of the droplets can be increased, the surface area in contact with the refrigerant vapor can be increased, and the absorption performance can be improved.

以上の説明から明らかなように、請求項１に係る発明の吸収冷凍機の構成によれば、冷媒蒸気の流れ方向よりも疎な状態で分布された吸収液散布孔から散布される液滴の間を通じて冷媒蒸気を流し、冷媒蒸気の流れ方向に沿って密な状態で分布された吸収液散布孔から散布される液滴に接触させて冷媒を吸収液に吸収させ、かつ、冷媒蒸気の流れ方向下流側になるほど一層密な状態で分布された吸収液散布孔から散布される液滴によって、流動する冷媒蒸気が通過することを抑制しながら冷媒蒸気を液滴に接触させて冷媒を吸収液に吸収させることができる。
したがって、吸収液散布孔を冷媒蒸気の流れ方向には密、それに直交する水平方向には疎に、更に、冷媒蒸気の流れ方向の下流側が上流側よりも密になるように分布させるという合理的な配置構成により、冷媒蒸気の流れを阻害せずに液滴との接触面積を大きくして吸収性能を向上できるとともに、冷媒蒸気の通過を抑制して十分に液滴に接触させて冷媒の吸収液への吸収量を増加できる。
しかも、例えば、冷媒蒸気の流れ方向には密、それに直交する水平方向には疎にし、冷媒蒸気の流れ方向に均一に形成する場合に比べて、一定量の吸収液を散布する上で、平面面積を減少でき、散布孔形成部材を大きくせずに済み、機体を小型化できる利点を有している。 As is clear from the above description, according to the configuration of the absorption refrigerator of the invention according to claim 1, the droplets sprayed from the absorbing liquid spray holes distributed in a sparser state than the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor. The refrigerant vapor is caused to flow through, and the refrigerant is absorbed in the absorbing liquid by contacting the droplets dispersed from the absorbing liquid spray holes distributed in a dense state along the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor, and the flow of the refrigerant vapor The liquid droplets sprayed from the absorbing liquid spray holes distributed more densely toward the downstream side in the direction of the liquid absorb the refrigerant by bringing the refrigerant vapor into contact with the liquid droplets while suppressing passage of the flowing refrigerant vapor. Can be absorbed.
Therefore, it is reasonable to distribute the absorbing liquid spray holes so that they are dense in the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor, sparse in the horizontal direction perpendicular thereto, and further, the downstream side in the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor is denser than the upstream side. This arrangement makes it possible to improve the absorption performance by increasing the contact area with the liquid droplets without hindering the flow of the refrigerant vapor, and also absorbs the refrigerant by sufficiently preventing the refrigerant vapor from passing through and contacting the liquid droplets. The amount absorbed into the liquid can be increased.
In addition, for example, it is dense in the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor, sparse in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the flow direction, and more uniform in the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor. The area can be reduced, the sprinkling hole forming member does not need to be enlarged, and the airframe can be downsized.

次に、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。   Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

図１は、本発明に係る吸収冷凍機の実施例１を示す全体概略構成図であり、ガスエンジン（図示せず）のエンジン冷却部からの排熱（エンジン冷却水）を加熱媒体として供給する再生器１内に、低圧下でエンジン冷却水（例えば、温度85℃）によって沸騰可能な、水を冷媒とし、かつ、リチウムブロマイドを吸収剤としたリチウムブロマイド水溶液（吸収液）が収容されている。   FIG. 1 is an overall schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment 1 of an absorption refrigerator according to the present invention, and exhaust heat (engine cooling water) from an engine cooling unit of a gas engine (not shown) is supplied as a heating medium. The regenerator 1 contains a lithium bromide aqueous solution (absorbing liquid) that can be boiled by engine cooling water (for example, a temperature of 85 ° C.) under a low pressure, using water as a refrigerant and lithium bromide as an absorbent. .

再生器１には、吸収液から分離された冷媒蒸気を供給するように凝縮器２が第１の配管３を介して連通接続され、再生器１に第２の配管４を介して吸収器５が接続されるとともに、凝縮器２に第３の配管６を介して蒸発器７が接続され、更に、吸収器５と蒸発器７とが冷媒蒸気の導入路を形成するエリミネータ８を介して連通接続され、吸収冷凍機が構成されている。   A condenser 2 is connected to the regenerator 1 through a first pipe 3 so as to supply refrigerant vapor separated from the absorbent, and the absorber 5 is connected to the regenerator 1 through a second pipe 4. Is connected to the condenser 2 via the third pipe 6, and the absorber 5 and the evaporator 7 communicate with each other via an eliminator 8 that forms a refrigerant vapor introduction path. The absorption refrigerator is connected and configured.

凝縮器２は、再生器１からの冷媒蒸気を流すフィン付きの熱交換用パイプ９と、その熱交換用パイプ９に外気を供給するファン１０と、液溜め１１とから構成され、冷媒蒸気を空冷によって凝縮液化し、その液化した冷媒液を液溜め１１に溜め、液化した冷媒液を蒸発器７に供給するようになっている。   The condenser 2 includes a heat exchange pipe 9 with fins through which refrigerant vapor from the regenerator 1 flows, a fan 10 that supplies outside air to the heat exchange pipe 9, and a liquid reservoir 11. The refrigerant liquid is condensed by air cooling, the liquefied refrigerant liquid is stored in the liquid reservoir 11, and the liquefied refrigerant liquid is supplied to the evaporator 7.

蒸発器７は、散布ノズル１２を付設した冷媒液用液溜め部１３と、冷媒液用液溜め部１３から流下される冷媒液を分散させる分散板１４とから構成されている。
蒸発器７の下部と冷媒液用液溜め部１３とにわたって、冷媒ポンプ１５および冷熱取り出し用熱交換器１６を介装した循環配管１７が接続されている。
冷熱取り出し用熱交換器１６に、ガスヒートポンプ用の冷媒入口管１８と冷媒出口管１９とが接続され、吸収器５における吸収液による冷媒の吸収に伴って冷媒液を蒸発冷却し、その冷却冷媒液によってガスヒートポンプ用の冷媒を冷却するようになっている。 The evaporator 7 includes a refrigerant liquid reservoir 13 provided with a spray nozzle 12 and a dispersion plate 14 for dispersing the refrigerant liquid flowing down from the refrigerant liquid reservoir 13.
A circulation pipe 17 including a refrigerant pump 15 and a cold heat extraction heat exchanger 16 is connected to the lower portion of the evaporator 7 and the liquid reservoir portion 13.
A refrigerant inlet pipe 18 and a refrigerant outlet pipe 19 for a gas heat pump are connected to the heat exchanger 16 for extracting cold heat, and the refrigerant liquid is evaporated and cooled along with absorption of the refrigerant by the absorbing liquid in the absorber 5, and the cooling refrigerant The refrigerant for the gas heat pump is cooled by the liquid.

吸収器５は、蒸発器７と一体構成の吸収器本体２０の上部に吸収液散布手段２１を備えて構成されている。吸収液散布手段２１は、図２のトレイの平面図、および、図３の一部省略断面側面図（図２の一部省略Ａ−Ａ線拡大断面図）に示すように、トレイ２２の底面に吸収液散布孔２３を分散配備して構成されている。   The absorber 5 includes an absorbing liquid spraying means 21 on an upper part of an absorber body 20 that is integrated with the evaporator 7. As shown in the plan view of the tray of FIG. 2 and the partially omitted cross-sectional side view of FIG. 3 (partially omitted sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2), the absorbent spraying means 21 is the bottom surface of the tray 22. The absorbent solution spraying holes 23 are arranged in a distributed manner.

トレイ２２内には、最下部にスペーサとしての支持部材２４を介して凹凸状の充填材２５が３段、凹凸方向を交互に変えて充填されている。充填材２５には、その凹部の底部に貫通孔２６が分散して形成されている。
充填材２５の上部に、散布ノズル２７が設けられ、その散布ノズル２７と吸収器５の下部とが、吸収液ポンプ２８と過冷却器２９とを介装した第４の配管３０を介して接続され、吸収液を循環しながら過冷却し、吸収液に吸収させる冷媒量を増加し、更に、吸収液を充填材２５上に散布し、トレイ２２内での液深を大きくしながら水平方向に分散して吸収液を供給し、吸収液散布孔２３から液滴状態で滴下できるようになっている。２９ａは、過冷却器２９のファンを示している。 The tray 22 is filled with uneven filling material 25 in three steps and alternately in the uneven direction via a support member 24 as a spacer at the bottom. In the filler 25, through holes 26 are dispersedly formed at the bottom of the recess.
A spray nozzle 27 is provided above the filler 25, and the spray nozzle 27 and the lower part of the absorber 5 are connected via a fourth pipe 30 having an absorption liquid pump 28 and a supercooler 29 interposed therebetween. The refrigerant is supercooled while circulating the absorption liquid, the amount of refrigerant absorbed by the absorption liquid is increased, and the absorption liquid is sprayed on the filler 25 to increase the liquid depth in the tray 22 in the horizontal direction. The absorbing liquid is supplied after being dispersed, and the liquid can be dropped from the absorbing liquid spraying hole 23 in a droplet state. Reference numeral 29 a denotes a fan of the subcooler 29.

トレイ２２において、吸収液散布孔２３が、エリミネータ８から導入される冷媒蒸気の流れ方向での間隔が、冷媒蒸気の流れ方向に直交する水平方向でのエリミネータ８に最も近い箇所の間隔よりも小さい間隔になるとともに、エリミネータ８から導入される冷媒蒸気の流れ方向で上流側よりも下流側が比例的に密になる状態で分布するように分散して配備されている。
これにより、冷媒蒸気の流れを阻害せずに液滴との接触面積を大きくして吸収性能を向上できるとともに、冷媒蒸気の通過を抑制して十分に液滴に接触させて冷媒の吸収液への吸収量を増加できるように構成されている。 In the tray 22, the interval between the absorbing liquid spray holes 23 in the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor introduced from the eliminator 8 is smaller than the interval between the locations closest to the eliminator 8 in the horizontal direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor. In addition to being spaced apart, they are distributed and distributed so that the downstream side is proportionally denser than the upstream side in the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor introduced from the eliminator 8.
As a result, the contact area with the droplets can be increased without impeding the flow of the refrigerant vapor and the absorption performance can be improved, and the refrigerant vapor can be suppressed and sufficiently brought into contact with the droplets to be absorbed into the refrigerant. It is comprised so that the amount of absorption of can be increased.

吸収液散布孔２３それぞれは、図４の要部の拡大断面図に示すように、バーリング加工によって孔下端がトレイ２２の底部下面よりも突出する状態に形成されている。
また、トレイ２２の底部上面から吸収液散布孔２３の下端までの長さＴが吸収液散布孔２３の開口径Ｄの１．３倍以上になるように構成されている。
長さＴと開口径Ｄとの比Ｔ／Ｄを１．０、１．１、１．２、１．３、１．４、１．５と変えたものを製作し、目視によって観察した結果、Ｔ／Ｄが１．３以上の場合に、吸収液散布孔２３から細かな液滴として散布供給できることがわかった。この結果に基づいて、上述のように、Ｔ／Ｄが１．３以上になるように吸収液散布孔２３が形成されている。 As shown in the enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part in FIG. 4, each of the absorbing liquid spray holes 23 is formed in a state where the lower end of the hole protrudes from the bottom lower surface of the tray 22 by burring.
Further, the length T from the upper surface of the bottom of the tray 22 to the lower end of the absorbing liquid spraying hole 23 is configured to be 1.3 times or more the opening diameter D of the absorbing liquid spraying hole 23.
The result of making the one with the ratio T / D of the length T and the opening diameter D changed to 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 and observing it visually. When T / D is 1.3 or more, it is found that fine liquid droplets can be sprayed and supplied from the absorbing liquid spray hole 23. Based on this result, as described above, the absorbing liquid spray hole 23 is formed so that T / D is 1.3 or more.

これにより、トレイ２２内の吸収液に加え、吸収液散布孔２３内で、開口径の１．３倍以上のヘッド差を備え、その部分の重量を加えることにより吸収液散布孔２３の下端で液滴が形成されて離れるまでの時間を短くできて、細かな液滴で落下させることができ、液滴の表面積を大きくできて冷媒蒸気と接触する表面積を大きくし、吸収性能を向上できる。
しかも、バーリング加工によって吸収液散布孔２３の下端をトレイ２２の底部下面よりも突出させ、その孔下端周縁の厚みを薄くでき、液滴が孔周縁から離れやすくできて、細かな液滴で落下させることができ、一層吸収性能を向上できる。 Thereby, in addition to the absorbing liquid in the tray 22, a head difference of 1.3 times or more of the opening diameter is provided in the absorbing liquid spraying hole 23, and the weight of that portion is added to the lower end of the absorbing liquid spraying hole 23. The time until a liquid droplet is formed and separated can be shortened, the liquid droplet can be dropped with a fine liquid droplet, the surface area of the liquid droplet can be increased, the surface area in contact with the refrigerant vapor can be increased, and the absorption performance can be improved.
Moreover, the lower end of the absorbing liquid spraying hole 23 protrudes from the bottom surface of the bottom of the tray 22 by burring so that the thickness of the peripheral edge of the lower end of the hole can be reduced, and the liquid droplet can be easily separated from the peripheral edge of the hole. The absorption performance can be further improved.

第４の配管３０の吸収液ポンプ２８と過冷却器２９との間の箇所と再生器１とにわたって第５の配管３１が接続されている。第４の配管３０の一部と第５の配管３１とによって第２の配管４が構成されている。再生器１の下部と吸収器５とが第６の配管３２を介して接続され、この第６の配管３２と第５の配管３１との間に熱交換器３３が設けられ、再生器１に戻す吸収液を、再生器１から吸収器５に流す吸収液によって加熱するようになっている。   A fifth pipe 31 is connected across the portion of the fourth pipe 30 between the absorbent pump 28 and the subcooler 29 and the regenerator 1. A part of the fourth pipe 30 and the fifth pipe 31 constitute the second pipe 4. The lower part of the regenerator 1 and the absorber 5 are connected via a sixth pipe 32, and a heat exchanger 33 is provided between the sixth pipe 32 and the fifth pipe 31. The absorption liquid to be returned is heated by the absorption liquid flowing from the regenerator 1 to the absorber 5.

再生器１は、再生器本体３４内に、外面を伝熱面に形成した伝熱部材としての鉛直方向の伝熱面を有するプレート３５を水平方向に並設し、プレート３５の下部にエンジン冷却後のエンジン冷却水をプレート３５内に供給する加熱媒体供給管３６を接続し、一方、プレート３５の上部に吸収液との熱交換によって冷却されたエンジン冷却水をプレート３５内から取り出す加熱媒体取り出し管３７を接続して構成されている。   In the regenerator 1, a plate 35 having a heat transfer surface in the vertical direction as a heat transfer member having an outer surface formed as a heat transfer surface is provided in the regenerator main body 34 in parallel in the horizontal direction, and engine cooling is performed below the plate 35. A heating medium supply pipe 36 for supplying the subsequent engine cooling water into the plate 35 is connected. On the other hand, an engine cooling water cooled by heat exchange with the absorbing liquid is taken out from the plate 35 to the upper part of the plate 35. The tube 37 is connected.

図５は、本発明に係る吸収冷凍機の実施例２を示すトレイの平面図であり、実施例１と異なるところは次の通りである。
すなわち、トレイ２２において、吸収液散布孔２３が、エリミネータ８から導入される冷媒蒸気の流れ方向での間隔が、冷媒蒸気の流れ方向に直交する水平方向でのエリミネータ８に最も近い箇所の間隔よりも小さい間隔になるとともに、エリミネータ８から導入される冷媒蒸気の流れ方向で上流側よりも下流側が段階的に密になる状態で分布するように分散して配備され、冷媒蒸気の流れを阻害せずに液滴との接触面積を大きくして吸収性能を向上できるとともに、冷媒蒸気の通過を抑制して十分に液滴に接触させて冷媒の吸収液への吸収量を増加できるように構成されている。他の構成は実施例１と同じであり、同一図番を付し、その説明は省略する。 FIG. 5 is a plan view of a tray showing the second embodiment of the absorption refrigerator according to the present invention. The difference from the first embodiment is as follows.
That is, in the tray 22, the interval between the absorption liquid spray holes 23 in the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor introduced from the eliminator 8 is greater than the interval between the locations closest to the eliminator 8 in the horizontal direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor. In the direction of the flow of the refrigerant vapor introduced from the eliminator 8 and distributed so that the downstream side is more densely distributed in the downstream side than the upstream side, thereby inhibiting the flow of the refrigerant vapor. The absorption area can be improved by increasing the contact area with the droplets, and the amount of refrigerant absorbed into the absorption liquid can be increased by suppressing the passage of the refrigerant vapor and sufficiently contacting the droplets. ing. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the same reference numerals are given, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

図６は、本発明に係る吸収冷凍機の実施例３を示すトレイの要部の拡大断面図であり、実施例１と異なるところは次の通りである。
すなわち、トレイ２２の厚みが、その底部上面から吸収液散布孔２３の下端までの長さＴと等しく、しかも、その長さＴが吸収液散布孔２３の開口径Ｄの１．３倍以上になるように構成されている。他の構成は実施例１と同じであり、同一図番を付し、その説明は省略する。 FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of the tray showing the third embodiment of the absorption refrigerator according to the present invention. The differences from the first embodiment are as follows.
That is, the thickness of the tray 22 is equal to the length T from the bottom upper surface to the lower end of the absorbing liquid spraying hole 23, and the length T is 1.3 times or more the opening diameter D of the absorbing liquid spraying hole 23. It is comprised so that it may become. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the same reference numerals are given, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

上記実施例では、吸収液散布手段２１をトレイ２２と吸収液散布孔２３とから構成し、更に、そのトレイ２２内に充填材２５を備え、トレイ２２内の吸収液の量が少なくても液深が大きくなるように構成しているが、本発明としては、充填材２５を備えないものでも良い。
また、吸収液散布手段２１としては、冷媒蒸気の下流側ほど比例的にあるいは段階的に密な状態になるように吸収液散布孔を形成した枝分かれ状のパイプを、冷媒蒸気の流れ方向に直交する水平方向に疎な間隔で配設して構成するものでも良い。 In the above embodiment, the absorbing liquid spraying means 21 is constituted by the tray 22 and the absorbing liquid spraying hole 23, and further, the filler 22 is provided in the tray 22, so that the liquid can be stored even if the amount of the absorbing liquid in the tray 22 is small Although the depth is increased, the present invention may be one without the filler 25.
Further, as the absorbing liquid spraying means 21, a branched pipe in which absorbing liquid spraying holes are formed so as to become denser in a proportional or stepwise manner toward the downstream side of the refrigerant vapor is orthogonal to the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor. It may be configured to be arranged at sparse intervals in the horizontal direction.

本発明に係る吸収冷凍機の実施例１を示す全体概略構成図である。It is a whole schematic block diagram which shows Example 1 of the absorption refrigerator which concerns on this invention. 実施例１のトレイの平面図である。FIG. 3 is a plan view of the tray of Example 1. 図２の一部省略Ａ−Ａ線拡大断面図である。FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 2. 実施例１の要部の拡大断面図である。2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of Example 1. 実施例２のトレイの平面図である。6 is a plan view of a tray according to Embodiment 2. FIG. 実施例３の要部の拡大断面図である。6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of Example 3. FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

５…吸収器
７…蒸発器
８…エリミネータ（導入路）
２０…吸収器本体
２１…吸収液散布手段
２２…トレイ
２３…吸収液散布孔
２９…過冷却器
Ｄ…吸収液散布孔の開口径
Ｔ…トレイの底部上面から吸収液散布孔の下端までの長さ 5 ... Absorber 7 ... Evaporator 8 ... Eliminator (introduction path)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 20 ... Absorber main body 21 ... Absorbing liquid spraying means 22 ... Tray 23 ... Absorbing liquid spraying hole 29 ... Supercooler D ... Opening diameter of the absorbing liquid spraying hole T ... Length from bottom upper surface of tray to lower end of absorbing liquid spraying hole The

Claims (5)

横側面に蒸発器に連なって冷媒蒸気を導入する導入路を備えた吸収器本体と、前記吸収器本体の上部に設けられて、吸収液を液滴として散布する吸収液散布手段と、前記吸収液散布手段に供給される前に吸収液を過冷却する過冷却器とを備えた吸収冷凍機において、
前記吸収液散布手段を、
吸収液の液滴を散布する吸収液散布孔を分散配備して構成し、
かつ、前記吸収液散布孔を、前記導入路から導入される冷媒蒸気の流れ方向での間隔が、冷媒蒸気の流れ方向に直交する水平方向での前記導入路に最も近い箇所の間隔よりも小さい間隔になるとともに、前記導入路から導入される冷媒蒸気の流れ方向で上流側よりも下流側が密になる状態で分布するように分散させてあることを特徴とする吸収冷凍機。 An absorber body provided with an introduction path for introducing refrigerant vapor connected to the evaporator on a lateral side surface, an absorbing liquid spraying means provided on an upper part of the absorber body for spraying an absorbing liquid as droplets, and the absorption In an absorption refrigerator having a supercooler for supercooling the absorption liquid before being supplied to the liquid spraying means,
The absorbent spraying means,
Absorbing liquid spray holes for dispersing liquid droplets of absorbing liquid are distributed and configured,
In addition, an interval in the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor introduced from the introduction passage through the absorption liquid spray hole is smaller than an interval at a location closest to the introduction passage in the horizontal direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor. The absorption refrigeration machine is characterized in that it is distributed so as to be distributed in a state where the downstream side is denser than the upstream side in the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor introduced from the introduction path. 請求項１に記載の吸収冷凍機において、
導入路から導入される冷媒蒸気の流れ方向での吸収液散布孔の分散状態が、比例的に密になるようにしてある吸収冷凍機。 The absorption refrigerator according to claim 1,
An absorption refrigerating machine in which the dispersion state of the absorption liquid spray holes in the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor introduced from the introduction path is proportionally dense. 請求項１に記載の吸収冷凍機において、
導入路から導入される冷媒蒸気の流れ方向での吸収液散布孔の分散状態が、段階的に密になるようにしてある吸収冷凍機。 The absorption refrigerator according to claim 1,
An absorption refrigerator in which the dispersion state of the absorption liquid spray holes in the flow direction of the refrigerant vapor introduced from the introduction path becomes dense in stages. 請求項１、２、３のいずれかに記載の吸収冷凍機において、
吸収液散布手段が、吸収液散布孔を吸収液の液滴を受け留めるトレイの底面に分散配備して構成したものであり、かつ、前記トレイの底部上面から前記吸収液散布孔の下端までの長さが前記吸収液散布孔の開口径の１．３倍以上である吸収冷凍機。 In the absorption refrigerator according to any one of claims 1, 2, and 3,
The absorbing liquid spraying means is configured by dispersing and arranging the absorbing liquid spraying holes on the bottom surface of the tray for receiving the absorbing liquid droplets, and from the bottom upper surface of the tray to the lower end of the absorbing liquid spraying hole. An absorption refrigerator having a length that is at least 1.3 times the opening diameter of the absorption liquid spray hole. 請求項１、２、３、４のいずれかに記載の吸収冷凍機において、
吸収液散布孔が、バーリング加工によって孔下端がトレイの底部下面よりも突出する状態に形成されたものである吸収冷凍機。 In the absorption refrigerator according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, and 4,
An absorption refrigerator in which the absorbing liquid spraying hole is formed by burring so that the lower end of the hole protrudes from the bottom surface of the bottom of the tray.
JP2007234171A 2007-09-10 2007-09-10 Absorption refrigerator Expired - Fee Related JP4881820B2 (en)

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