JP4878089B2

JP4878089B2 - Elevator hoist brakes

Info

Publication number: JP4878089B2
Application number: JP2001181486A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 康司小川
Original assignee: Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Current assignee: Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date: 2001-06-15
Filing date: 2001-06-15
Publication date: 2012-02-15
Anticipated expiration: 2021-06-15
Also published as: JP2003002568A

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a brake of a winding machine for an elevator in which collision sound is reduced when a braking piece 23 abuts on a rotary body 9. SOLUTION: A braking piece 23 is attached to a first moving-iron 21, a first elastic body 24 presses the braking piece 23 onto the rotary body 9 through the first moving-iron 21 to generate a braking force, a second elastic body 26 presses the braking piece 23 with a pressing force smaller than the first elastic body 24 through a second moving-iron 25 separated from the first moving-iron 21. Based on a start instruction of the elevator, an electromagnet is energized so that pressing of the braking piece 23 by the first elastic body 24 and the second elastic body 26 is released to open a winding machine 1. When a stop instruction of the elevator is issued, energization of the electromagnet 27 is stepwise reduced chronologically, thereby individually operating the first moving-iron 21 and the second moving-iron 25.

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、エレベータの巻上機のブレーキに関し、特にブレーキの動作音低減に係るものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
図８及び図９は、特開２０００−２８９９５４号公報と同様の構成を有する従来のエレベータの巻上機５１を示す。図８はブレーキ部分の正面図を、また、図９は電動機及び巻上機部分は縦断面を示し、ブレーキ部分は図８においてＩＸ−ＩＸ線側から矢視した側面図を示す。図は綱車６０と電動機の回転子５７とが一体化され、かつ、回転子５７が椀状に形成され、その回転子５７の円筒部の内周面５９をブレーキシュー７９で押圧して綱車６０を制動するようにしたものである。
【０００３】
即ち、一側が開口した椀状のフレーム５２にブラケット５３が取付ボルト５４によって締結されて上記開口を覆い、フレーム５２の内周面には巻上電動機の固定子５６が取り付けられている。
また、ブラケット５３には主軸５５が植設され、この主軸５５には、椀状をした回転子５７が支承されている。回転子５７の外周面には回転子鉄心５８が固定子６と対向させて取り付けられ、更に、回転子５７の側部には綱車６０が一体的に形成され、共にフレーム５２内に収納されている。綱車６０には主索６１が巻き掛けられていて、かご（図示しない。）を昇降駆動させる。
【０００４】
回転子５７の円筒部には、ブレーキ装置が収納されている。
即ち、ブラケット５３には、回転子５７の内周面５９に沿ってくの字状に屈曲したアーム７５が、一端部で支軸７６に支承されている。このアーム７５の中間部に鉄片８０が取り付けられている。また、支軸７６と鉄片８０の間には、保持具７７が取り付けられていて、その端面には内周面５９に押圧されるブレーキシュー７９が取り付けられている。
【０００５】
アーム７５の他端部は、ブラケット５３に突設された突起部８２から横設されたばね８３によって押圧されている。この押圧によりアーム７５は回転子５７の内周面５９側へ回動し、ブレーキシュー７９を内周面５９に押圧して回転子５７を制動させる。
【０００６】
また、ブラケット５３の中間部には電磁石７１が鉄片８０に対向して取り付けられており、電磁コイル７３を付勢すると、鉄片８０が電磁石７１に吸引され、ばね８３に抗してアーム７５を回動させてブレーキシュー７９を内周面５９から離脱させて回転子５７を開放する。
更に、ブラケット５３にはブレーキスイッチ８４が取り付けられていて、アーム７５の動きから回転子５７の制動及び開放が検出される。
【０００７】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
回転子５７が椀状に形成され、ブレーキを回転子５７内に収納してブレーキシュー７９を回転子５７の円筒部内周面に押圧する、いわゆる内拡形の従来のブレーキは上記のとおり構成されていたので、電磁石７１を付勢して回転子５７を開放し、かごを昇降させた後、目的位置で制止させるために上記電磁石７１を消勢すると、ばね８３に押されてブレーキシュー７９が回転子５７の円筒部内周面に当接して制動させる。
ところで、ブレーキシュー７９が回転子５７に当接する際に衝突音が発生する。この衝突音は椀状の回転子５７内で反響して増大されて外部に伝播されるため耳障りである、という問題があった。
【０００８】
この発明は、上記問題点を解決するもので、制動片が回転子に当接したときの衝突音を軽減することを目的とする。
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項１に係るエレベータ用巻上機のブレーキは、制動片を第１可動鉄片に取り付け、この第１可動鉄片を介して第１弾性体で制動片を回転体に押圧して制動力を発生させ、第１可動鉄片とは別体の第２可動鉄片を介して第２弾性体で第１弾性体よりも弱い押圧力で制動片を押圧させ、エレベータの起動指令に基づいて電磁石を付勢して第１弾性体及び第２弾性体による制動片の押圧を解いて巻上機を開放させると共に、エレベータの停止指令に基づいて電磁石の付勢を弱めることにより第１弾性体で制動片を回転体に押圧させた後、電磁石の付勢を更に弱め第２弾性体で加勢して制動片を押圧させて回転体を制動させるようにし、第１可動鉄片を、断面が溝形をなし、開口を電磁石側へ向け、背面側に制動片が取り付けられて一端が回動自在に軸支された棒状体からなるものとし、第２可動鉄片を、溝部に遊挿され一端が回動自在に軸支され、電磁石との間に第１可動鉄片よりも大きい空隙を隔てて第１可動鉄片と並設され、背面を溝部の底面に当接させて第１可動鉄片を介して制動片を押圧する棒状体からなるものとし、電磁石で第１可動鉄片及び第２可動鉄片を吸引することにより巻上機を開放させるものとしたものである。
【００１１】
請求項２に係るエレベータ用巻上機のブレーキは、請求項１において、第１可動鉄片及び第２可動鉄片が電磁石と対向する側の面を、電磁石の吸引側の面に対して傾斜させ、吸引状態で平行するようにしたものである。
【００１２】
請求項３に係るエレベータ用巻上機のブレーキは、請求項１において、第１可動鉄片の溝部底面と第２可動鉄片の背面との間に緩衝材を介在させたものである。
【００１３】
請求項４に係るエレベータ用巻上機のブレーキは、請求項１において、回転体を椀状とし、制動片を円筒部内周面に押圧させるようにしたものである。
【００１４】
【発明の実施の形態】
実施の形態１．
図１から図７は、この発明の実施の形態１を示す。
図１から図５において、図１は、図２のＩ−Ｉ線部分における巻上機の縦断面を矢視した巻上機内部の背面図、図２は、図１のＩＩ−ＩＩ線断面を矢視した断面図、図３は図１のＩＩＩ−ＩＩＩ線断面を矢視した断面図、図４は図１のＩＶ−ＩＶ線断面を矢視した断面図、図５は図１のＶ−Ｖ線断面を矢視した断面図である。
【００１５】
１はエレベータの巻上機、２は垂設されて固定部に取り付けられたブラケット、３はこのブラケット２の中央部に横設された突起部、４はこの突起部３に植設された主軸、５はブラケット２に植設された一対の支軸、６は一側が開口した椀状のフレームで、外周に設けられたフランジを介して取付ボルト７によってブラケット２に取り付けられ、このブラケット２によって開口が覆われている。
【００１６】
８はフレーム６の内周面に取り付けられた巻上電動機の固定子、９は一側が開口した椀状をなし、主軸４に回動自在に支承されてフレーム６内に収納された回転子、１０は回転子９の外周面に固定子８と対向させて取り付けられた回転子鉄心、１１は回転子９の円筒部の内周面で、制動片が押圧される制動面として機能する。１２はフレーム６内に収納され、回転子９の側部に一体的に形成された綱車、１３はこの綱車１２に巻き掛けられてかご（図示しない。）を吊持する主索である。
【００１７】
２１は断面が溝形の棒状体からなり、開口を中心部へ向けて一端が支軸５に回動自在に取り付けられた一対の第１可動鉄片、２２は第１可動鉄片２１の背面に取り付けられて共に回動する保持具、２３は保持具２２の端面に取り付けられ、回転子９の内周面１１に押圧されて回転子９を制動させる制動片であるブレーキシュー、２４は第１可動鉄片２１の他端を押圧してブレーキシュー２３を内周面１１に押圧するばねからなる第１弾性体である。
【００１８】
２５は第１可動鉄片２１とは別体の一対の第２可動鉄片で、第１可動鉄片２１の溝部に遊挿され一端が支軸５に回動自在に軸支されて第１可動鉄片と並設され、背面を上記溝部の底面に当接させて第１可動鉄片２１を介してブレーキシュー２３を押圧する棒状体からなる。２６は第２可動鉄片２５を中央部で押圧し、第１弾性体２４よりも弱い押圧力で加勢してブレーキシュー２３を押圧するばねからなる第２弾性体である。
【００１９】
２７はＥ字系に形成され、背面が突起部３の側面に取り付けられ、開口を第１可動鉄片２１及び第２可動鉄片２５側へ向けた電磁石で、中央突起には第２弾性体２６が遊挿される穴が凹設されている。２８は電磁石２７の中央突起に巻回された電磁コイル、２９は第１可動鉄片２１の溝部底面と第２可動鉄片２５の背面との間に敷設された緩衝材である。
【００２０】
ここで、第１可動鉄片２１及び第２可動鉄片２５が電磁石２７と対向する側の面は、巻上機１の制動状態では電磁石２７の吸引側の面に対して傾斜し、電磁石２７が第１可動鉄片２１及び第２可動鉄片２５を吸引して巻上機１を開放した状態で平行するようになっている。
【００２１】
また、図５に示したとおり、巻上機１の制動状態では、中央部における第１可動鉄片２１と電磁石２７との空隙はｇ１であり、第２可動鉄片２５と電磁石２７との空隙は、ｇ１よりも大きいｇ２である。従って、第２弾性体２６は第１弾性体２４よりも押圧力は弱いが、電磁石２７による吸引力も弱い。このため、電磁石２７は最初に第１可動鉄片２１を吸引し、第２可動鉄片２５は背面を第１可動鉄片２１に押されて初動して空隙を狭めた後、電磁石２７に吸引される。
【００２２】
図６は電気回路接続図を示し、４１はエレベータ制御盤、４２はこのエレベータ制御盤４１に含まれる制御接点で、エレベータの起動指令によって閉成し、停止指令によって開放する。
４３はブレーキ制御回路で、制御接点４２の閉成によって付勢されて常開接点４４ａを閉成させるリレー４４と、同様に付勢されて限時復帰の常開接点４５ａを閉成させる時限リレー４５と、常開接点４５ａと直列に接続された抵抗器４６とからなる。
【００２３】
次に、図６及び図７に基づいて動作を説明する。
エレベータの起動指令が出されていないときは、制御接点４２は開放されて電磁コイル２８は消勢されている。このため、第１可動鉄片２１は第１弾性体２４によって、また、第２可動鉄片２５は第２弾性体２６によって、それぞれ押圧されてブレーキシュー２３を内周面１１に押圧し、回転子９を制動停止させている。即ち、図７（ｃ１）の状態となる。
【００２４】
図７（ａ）に示す時刻ｔ０で、エレベータの起動指令が出されると、制御接点４２が閉成されてリレー４４が付勢される。常開接点４４ａが閉成されて電磁コイル２８には電圧Ｖ１が印加され、電磁石２７は所定の時定数で励磁される。この励磁過程において、第１可動鉄片２１の空隙ｇ１の方が第２可動鉄片２５の空隙ｇ２よりも小さいので、磁束密度は第１可動鉄片２１の方が第２可動鉄片２５よりも高い。このため、第１可動鉄片２１が吸引されることによって第２可動鉄片２５が回動して空隙ｇ２が狭められ、時刻ｔ１で磁束密度はＢ１となり、両者略同時に吸引され、図７（ｃ２）の状態となる。この吸引によりブレーキシュー２３による押圧が解かれて巻上機１は開放され、磁束密度も一定値Ｂ２となる。
【００２５】
時刻ｔ２でエレベータ制御盤４１から停止指令が出されると、制御接点４２が開放され、リレー４４及び限時リレー４５が共に消勢される。この消勢によって常開接点４４ａは開放され、常開接点４５ａは所定時間遅れて時刻ｔ４で開放される。従って、時刻ｔ２〜ｔ４の間は、抵抗器４６が介在するため、電磁コイル２８には低い電圧Ｖ２が印加される。この電圧Ｖ２は、第１可動鉄片２１は復帰するが、第２可動鉄片２５は吸引されたままとなる電圧値である。
磁束密度はＢ２から所定の時定数で減少し、途中時刻ｔ３で磁束密度はＢ３となり、第１可動鉄片２１が第１弾性体２４に押圧されて復帰してブレーキシュー２３を内周面１１に押圧して制動する。一方、第２可動鉄片２５は電磁石２７に吸引されたままとなる。即ち、図７（ｃ３）の状態となる。
【００２６】
時刻ｔ４で常開接点４５ａが開放されると、磁束密度はＢ４から更に減少して時刻ｔ５でＢ５となり、第２可動鉄片２５も第２弾性体２６に押圧されて復帰して第１可動鉄片２１に加勢してブレーキシュー２３を内周面１１に押圧する。即ち、図７（ｃ４）の状態となる。時刻ｔ６で電磁石２７は消勢される。
【００２７】
上記実施の形態１によれば、エレベータの停止指令が発せられると、電磁石２７の付勢が時系列で段階的に弱められ、まず、第１弾性体２４でブレーキシュー２３を回転子９の内周面１１に押圧させた後、電磁石２７を消勢させることにより第２弾性体２６を第１弾性体２４に加勢させて回転子９を制動させるようにして第１弾性体２４と第２弾性体２６とを個別に動作させるようにしたので、第１弾性体２４と第２弾性体２６を総合した押圧力で同時にブレーキシュー２３を押圧する場合に比べて動作音を減少させることができる。
【００２８】
また、第１可動鉄片２１を、断面が溝形をなし、開口を電磁石２７側へ向け、背面側にブレーキシュー２３が取り付けられて一端が支軸５に回動自在に軸支された棒状体とし、第２可動鉄片２５を、第１可動鉄片２１の溝部に遊挿され一端が支軸５に回動自在に軸支され、電磁石２７との間に第１可動鉄片２１よりも大きい空隙ｇ２を隔てて第１可動鉄片と並設され、背面を上記溝部の底面に当接させて第１可動鉄片２１を介してブレーキシュー２３を押圧する棒状体とし、更に、電磁石２７で第１可動鉄片２１及び第２可動鉄片２５を吸引することにより巻上機１を開放させるようにしたので、電磁石２７は最初に第１可動鉄片２１を吸引し、第２可動鉄片２５は背面を第１可動鉄片２１に押されて初動して空隙を狭めた後、電磁石２７に吸引される。このため、第１可動鉄片２１及び第２可動鉄片２５によるブレーキシュー２３の押圧解除を略同時に行うことができ、巻上機１を速やかに開放することができる。
【００２９】
更に、第１可動鉄片２１及び第２可動鉄片２５が電磁石２７と対向する側の面は、巻上機の制動状態では電磁石２７の吸引側の面に対して傾斜し、吸引状態では平行するようにしたので、対向面全体を均等に吸引させることができ、電磁コイル２８の印加電圧の変動に対しても、安定した吸引状態を維持できる。
【００３０】
更にまた、第１可動鉄片２１の溝部底面と第２可動鉄片２５の背面との間に緩衝材２９を介在させたので、第２可動鉄片２５が第２弾性体２６に押圧されて第１可動鉄片２１の溝部底面を衝打したときの音を低減させることができる。
【００３１】
更にまた、回転子９を椀状とし、円筒部の内周面にブレーキシュー２３を押圧させ、このときの動作音が回転子９内で反響したとしても、第１弾性体２４及び第２弾性体２６による押圧力を時系列で分散させて作用させたので、反響音を抑制することができる。
【００３２】
なお、上記実施の形態１では、ブレーキシュー２３を回転子９に押圧させたが、これに限るものではなく、回転子９の回動に伴って回動し、その回動を制止することによって巻上機１を制止させることができる回転体であればよい。
また、第１弾性体２４及び第２弾性体２６による押圧力を時系列で分散させるのに、時限リレー４５を用いたが、図８のブレーキスイッチ８４と同様な機能を有するスイッチを用いて、第１可動鉄片２１が復帰したことを検出した後、第２可動鉄片２５を復帰させるようにしてもよい。
【００３３】
【発明の効果】
この発明は上記のとおり構成されているので、以下の効果を奏する。
請求項１に係るエレベータ用巻上機のブレーキは、制動片を第１可動鉄片に取り付け、この第１可動鉄片を介して第１弾性体で制動片を回転体に押圧して制動力を発生させ、第１可動鉄片とは別体の第２可動鉄片を介して第２弾性体で第１弾性体よりも弱い押圧力で制動片を押圧させ、エレベータの起動指令に基づいて電磁石を付勢して第１弾性体及び第２弾性体による制動片の押圧を解いて巻上機を開放させると共に、エレベータの停止指令に基づいて電磁石の付勢を弱めることにより第１弾性体で制動片を回転体に押圧させた後、電磁石の付勢を更に弱め第２弾性体で加勢して制動片を押圧させて回転体を制動させるようにし、第１可動鉄片を、断面が溝形をなし、開口を電磁石側へ向け、背面側に制動片が取り付けられて一端が回動自在に軸支された棒状体からなるものとし、第２可動鉄片を、溝部に遊挿され一端が回動自在に軸支され、電磁石との間に第１可動鉄片よりも大きい空隙を隔てて第１可動鉄片と並設され、背面を溝部の底面に当接させて第１可動鉄片を介して制動片を押圧する棒状体からなるものとし、電磁石で第１可動鉄片及び第２可動鉄片を吸引することにより巻上機を開放させるものとしたものである。
このため、第１弾性体と第２弾性体を総合した押圧力で同時に制動片を押圧する場合に比べて動作音を減少させることができる、という効果を奏する。また、電磁石は最初に第１可動鉄片を吸引し、第２可動鉄片は背面を第１可動鉄片に押されて初動して空隙を狭めることにより電磁石に吸引される。従って、第１可動鉄片及び第２可動鉄片による制動片の押圧解除を略同時に行うことができ、巻上機を速やかに開放できる、という効果も併せ奏する。
【００３５】
請求項２に係るエレベータ用巻上機のブレーキは、請求項１において、第１可動鉄片及び第２可動鉄片が電磁石と対向する側の面を、巻上機の制動状態では電磁石の吸引側の面に対して傾斜させ、吸引状態で平行するようにしたもので、対向面全体に均等に吸引させることができ、安定した吸引状態を維持できる、という効果を奏する。
【００３６】
請求項３に係るエレベータ用巻上機のブレーキは、請求項１において、第１可動鉄片の溝部底面と第２可動鉄片の背面との間に緩衝材を介在させたものである。
このため、第２可動鉄片が第２弾性体に押圧されて第１可動鉄片の溝部底面を衝打したときの音を低減させることができる、という効果を奏する。
【００３７】
請求項４に係るエレベータ用巻上機のブレーキは、請求項１において、回転体を椀状とし、制動片を回転体の円筒部内周面に押圧させるようにしたものである。
このため、円筒部内周面に制動片を押圧させたときの動作音が回転体内で反響したとしても、第１弾性体及び第２弾性体による押圧力を時系列で分散させて作用させるようにしたので、反響音を抑制することができる、という効果を奏する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】この発明の実施の形態１におけるエレベータ用巻上機のブレーキの内部構造を示す背面図。
【図２】図１のＩＩ−ＩＩ線断面を矢視した断面図。
【図３】図１のＩＩＩ−ＩＩＩ線断面を矢視した断面図。
【図４】図１のＩＶ−ＩＶ線断面を矢視した断面図。
【図５】図１のＶ−Ｖ線断面を矢視した断面図。
【図６】この発明の実施の形態１におけるエレベータ用巻上機のブレーキの電気回路接続図。
【図７】この発明の実施の形態１におけるエレベータ用巻上機のブレーキの動作説明用図。
【図８】従来のエレベータ用巻上機のブレーキの正面図。
【図９】従来のエレベータ用巻上機の巻上電動機部分の縦断と、ブレーキ部分の側面を示す図。
【符号の説明】
１巻上機、２ブラケット、３突起部、４主軸、５支軸、６フレーム、７取付ボルト、８固定子、９回転子、１０回転子鉄心、１１内周面、１２綱車、１３主索、２１第１可動鉄片、２２保持具、２３ブレーキシュー、２４第１弾性体、２５第２可動鉄片、２６第２弾性体、２７電磁石、２８電磁コイル、２９緩衝材、４１エレベータ制御盤、４２制御接点、４３ブレーキ制御回路、４４リレー、４４ａ常開接点、４５時限リレー、４５ａ常開接点、４６抵抗器。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a brake for an elevator hoisting machine, and particularly relates to a reduction in operating noise of the brake.
[0002]
[Prior art]
8 and 9 show a conventional elevator hoisting machine 51 having a configuration similar to that of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-289954. 8 shows a front view of the brake part, FIG. 9 shows a longitudinal section of the electric motor and the hoisting machine part, and the brake part shows a side view as viewed from the IX-IX line side in FIG. In the figure, the sheave 60 and the rotor 57 of the electric motor are integrated, and the rotor 57 is formed in a bowl shape, and the inner peripheral surface 59 of the cylindrical portion of the rotor 57 is pressed by the brake shoe 79 to the rope. The vehicle 60 is braked.
[0003]
That is, a bracket 53 is fastened by a mounting bolt 54 to a bowl-shaped frame 52 opened on one side to cover the opening, and a stator 56 of a hoisting motor is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the frame 52.
A main shaft 55 is implanted in the bracket 53, and a hook-like rotor 57 is supported on the main shaft 55. A rotor core 58 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 57 so as to face the stator 6, and a sheave 60 is integrally formed on the side of the rotor 57, and both are accommodated in the frame 52. ing. A main rope 61 is wound around the sheave 60 to drive a car (not shown) up and down.
[0004]
A brake device is housed in the cylindrical portion of the rotor 57.
That is, an arm 75 bent in a U shape along the inner peripheral surface 59 of the rotor 57 is supported on the support shaft 76 at one end of the bracket 53. An iron piece 80 is attached to an intermediate portion of the arm 75. A holder 77 is attached between the support shaft 76 and the iron piece 80, and a brake shoe 79 that is pressed against the inner peripheral surface 59 is attached to an end surface of the holder 77.
[0005]
The other end of the arm 75 is pressed by a spring 83 that is laterally provided from a protrusion 82 that protrudes from the bracket 53. By this pressing, the arm 75 rotates to the inner peripheral surface 59 side of the rotor 57, and the brake shoe 79 is pressed against the inner peripheral surface 59 to brake the rotor 57.
[0006]
An electromagnet 71 is attached to the intermediate portion of the bracket 53 so as to face the iron piece 80. When the electromagnetic coil 73 is energized, the iron piece 80 is attracted to the electromagnet 71 and rotates the arm 75 against the spring 83. The brake shoe 79 is moved away from the inner peripheral surface 59 to release the rotor 57.
Further, a brake switch 84 is attached to the bracket 53, and the braking and release of the rotor 57 is detected from the movement of the arm 75.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The so-called inwardly-expanded conventional brake in which the rotor 57 is formed in a bowl shape, the brake is housed in the rotor 57 and the brake shoe 79 is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion of the rotor 57 is configured as described above. Therefore, when the electromagnet 71 is energized to release the rotor 57, the car is moved up and down, and then the electromagnet 71 is deenergized to stop at the target position, the spring 83 is pushed and the brake shoe 79 is The cylinder 57 of the rotor 57 is brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the rotor 57 for braking.
By the way, a collision sound is generated when the brake shoe 79 comes into contact with the rotor 57. There is a problem that this collision sound is harsh because it is reflected and increased in the bowl-shaped rotor 57 and propagated to the outside.
[0008]
The present invention solves the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to reduce a collision sound when a braking piece comes into contact with a rotor.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The brake of the elevator hoisting machine according to claim 1 has a braking piece attached to the first movable iron piece, and a braking force is generated by pressing the braking piece against the rotating body with the first elastic body via the first movable iron piece. The brake piece is pressed by the second elastic body with a weaker pressing force than the first elastic body via the second movable iron piece that is separate from the first movable iron piece, and the electromagnet is energized based on the start command of the elevator The first elastic body and the second elastic body are used to release the hoisting machine by releasing the braking pieces, and based on the elevator stop command, the electromagnet biasing is weakened to release the braking pieces with the first elastic body. After pressing the rotating body, further weakening the urging force of the electromagnet and urging with the second elastic body to press the braking piece to brake the rotating body , the first movable iron piece has a groove shape in cross section, With the opening facing the electromagnet side, a braking piece is attached to the back side, and one end rotates The second movable iron piece is loosely inserted into the groove portion and is pivotally supported at one end, and is spaced apart from the electromagnet by a larger gap than the first movable iron piece. It is arranged in parallel with one movable iron piece, and is made of a rod-like body that presses the braking piece through the first movable iron piece with the back surface in contact with the bottom surface of the groove, and the first movable iron piece and the second movable iron piece are attracted by an electromagnet. By doing so, the hoisting machine is opened .
[0011]
The elevator hoist brake according to claim 2 is the brake according to claim 1, wherein the first movable iron piece and the second movable iron piece are opposed to the electromagnet on the side facing the electromagnet, and the electromagnet suction side surface is inclined. It is made to parallel in a suction state.
[0012]
A brake for an elevator hoist according to a third aspect is the brake according to the first aspect, wherein a cushioning material is interposed between the groove bottom surface of the first movable iron piece and the rear surface of the second movable iron piece.
[0013]
A brake for an elevator hoist according to a fourth aspect is the brake according to the first aspect, wherein the rotating body has a hook shape and the braking piece is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 to 7 show a first embodiment of the present invention.
1 to 5, FIG. 1 is a rear view of the inside of the hoisting machine as viewed from the vertical section of the hoisting machine at the II line portion of FIG. 2, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG. 1, and FIG. It is sectional drawing which looked at the -V line | wire cross section.
[0015]
1 is an elevator hoisting machine, 2 is a bracket that is suspended and attached to a fixed part, 3 is a projecting part that is laterally installed in the center part of the bracket 2, and 4 is a spindle that is implanted in the projecting part 3 Reference numeral 5 denotes a pair of support shafts implanted in the bracket 2, and 6 denotes a bowl-shaped frame opened on one side. The bracket 2 is attached to the bracket 2 by a mounting bolt 7 via a flange provided on the outer periphery. The opening is covered.
[0016]
8 is a stator of a hoisting motor attached to the inner peripheral surface of the frame 6, 9 is a hook-shaped opening on one side, is rotatably supported by the main shaft 4, and is housed in the frame 6, Reference numeral 10 denotes a rotor core attached to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 9 so as to face the stator 8, and 11 denotes an inner peripheral surface of a cylindrical portion of the rotor 9, which functions as a braking surface against which a braking piece is pressed. Reference numeral 12 denotes a sheave that is housed in the frame 6 and is integrally formed on the side of the rotor 9, and 13 is a main rope that is wound around the sheave 12 and holds a car (not shown). .
[0017]
Reference numeral 21 denotes a rod-shaped body having a groove shape in cross section, and a pair of first movable iron pieces whose one ends are rotatably attached to the support shaft 5 with the opening directed toward the center, and 22 is attached to the back surface of the first movable iron piece 21. The holder 23 that rotates together with the brake 23 is attached to the end face of the holder 22, and is a brake shoe that is pressed against the inner peripheral surface 11 of the rotor 9 to brake the rotor 9, and 24 is a first movable member. This is a first elastic body made of a spring that presses the other end of the iron piece 21 and presses the brake shoe 23 against the inner peripheral surface 11.
[0018]
Reference numeral 25 denotes a pair of second movable iron pieces that are separate from the first movable iron piece 21, loosely inserted into the groove portion of the first movable iron piece 21, and one end pivotally supported by the support shaft 5. The rod-shaped body is provided side by side and presses the brake shoe 23 via the first movable iron piece 21 with the back surface in contact with the bottom surface of the groove portion. Reference numeral 26 denotes a second elastic body made of a spring that presses the second movable iron piece 25 at the center and urges the brake shoe 23 by urging with a pressing force weaker than that of the first elastic body 24.
[0019]
An electromagnet 27 is formed in an E-shape, the back surface is attached to the side surface of the protrusion 3, and the opening is directed toward the first movable iron piece 21 and the second movable iron piece 25, and the second elastic body 26 is formed at the central protrusion. The hole to be loosely inserted is recessed. 28 is an electromagnetic coil wound around the central projection of the electromagnet 27, and 29 is a cushioning material laid between the groove bottom surface of the first movable iron piece 21 and the back surface of the second movable iron piece 25.
[0020]
Here, the surface on the side where the first movable iron piece 21 and the second movable iron piece 25 face the electromagnet 27 is inclined with respect to the surface on the suction side of the electromagnet 27 in the braking state of the hoist 1, and the electromagnet 27 is The first movable iron piece 21 and the second movable iron piece 25 are sucked and paralleled with the hoist 1 opened.
[0021]
Further, as shown in FIG. 5, in the braking state of the hoist 1, the gap between the first movable iron piece 21 and the electromagnet 27 in the center is g1, and the gap between the second movable iron piece 25 and the electromagnet 27 is It is g2 larger than g1. Therefore, the second elastic body 26 has a weaker pressing force than the first elastic body 24, but also has a weak attractive force by the electromagnet 27. For this reason, the electromagnet 27 first attracts the first movable iron piece 21, and the second movable iron piece 25 is attracted to the electromagnet 27 after the back surface is pushed by the first movable iron piece 21 to initially move to narrow the gap.
[0022]
FIG. 6 shows an electric circuit connection diagram, 41 is an elevator control panel, 42 is a control contact included in the elevator control panel 41, and is closed by an elevator start command and opened by a stop command.
43 is a brake control circuit, which is energized by closing the control contact 42 to close the normally open contact 44a, and similarly a time relay 45 to be energized to close the time-returning normally open contact 45a. And a resistor 46 connected in series with the normally open contact 45a.
[0023]
Next, the operation will be described with reference to FIGS.
When the elevator start command is not issued, the control contact 42 is opened and the electromagnetic coil 28 is de-energized. Therefore, the first movable iron piece 21 is pressed by the first elastic body 24 and the second movable iron piece 25 is pressed by the second elastic body 26 to press the brake shoe 23 against the inner peripheral surface 11. Is stopped. That is, the state shown in FIG.
[0024]
When an elevator start command is issued at time t0 shown in FIG. 7A, the control contact 42 is closed and the relay 44 is energized. The normally open contact 44a is closed, the voltage V1 is applied to the electromagnetic coil 28, and the electromagnet 27 is excited with a predetermined time constant. In this excitation process, since the gap g1 of the first movable iron piece 21 is smaller than the gap g2 of the second movable iron piece 25, the magnetic flux density is higher in the first movable iron piece 21 than in the second movable iron piece 25. For this reason, when the 1st movable iron piece 21 is attracted | sucked, the 2nd movable iron piece 25 rotates and the space | gap g2 is narrowed, Magnetic flux density becomes B1 at the time t1, and both are attracted | sucked substantially simultaneously, FIG.7 (c2) It becomes the state of. By this suction, the press by the brake shoe 23 is released, the hoisting machine 1 is released, and the magnetic flux density also becomes a constant value B2.
[0025]
When a stop command is issued from the elevator control panel 41 at time t2, the control contact 42 is opened, and both the relay 44 and the time limit relay 45 are de-energized. By this deactivation, the normally open contact 44a is opened, and the normally open contact 45a is opened at a time t4 with a predetermined time delay. Accordingly, since the resistor 46 is interposed between the times t2 and t4, a low voltage V2 is applied to the electromagnetic coil 28. This voltage V2 is a voltage value at which the first movable iron piece 21 is restored, but the second movable iron piece 25 remains attracted.
The magnetic flux density decreases from B2 with a predetermined time constant. At mid-time t3, the magnetic flux density becomes B3, and the first movable iron piece 21 is pressed against the first elastic body 24 to return to the brake shoe 23 on the inner peripheral surface 11. Press to brake. On the other hand, the second movable iron piece 25 remains attracted to the electromagnet 27. That is, the state shown in FIG.
[0026]
When the normally open contact 45a is opened at time t4, the magnetic flux density further decreases from B4 to B5 at time t5, and the second movable iron piece 25 is also pressed by the second elastic body 26 to return to the first movable iron piece. The brake shoe 23 is pressed against the inner peripheral surface 11 by being urged to 21. That is, the state shown in FIG. The electromagnet 27 is de-energized at time t6.
[0027]
According to the first embodiment, when an elevator stop command is issued, the urging force of the electromagnet 27 is weakened step by step in a time series. First, the brake shoe 23 is moved inside the rotor 9 by the first elastic body 24. After pressing the peripheral surface 11, the electromagnet 27 is deenergized so that the second elastic body 26 is urged to the first elastic body 24 and the rotor 9 is braked so as to brake the first elastic body 24 and the second elastic body 24. Since the body 26 is individually operated, the operation sound can be reduced as compared with the case where the brake shoe 23 is simultaneously pressed by the combined pressing force of the first elastic body 24 and the second elastic body 26.
[0028]
Further, the first movable iron piece 21 has a rod-like body whose cross section has a groove shape, the opening is directed to the electromagnet 27 side, the brake shoe 23 is attached to the back side, and one end is pivotally supported by the support shaft 5. The second movable iron piece 25 is loosely inserted into the groove portion of the first movable iron piece 21, one end of which is pivotally supported by the support shaft 5, and a gap g2 larger than the first movable iron piece 21 between the electromagnet 27 and the second movable iron piece 25. A rod-shaped body that is arranged in parallel with the first movable iron piece with the back surface in contact with the bottom surface of the groove portion and presses the brake shoe 23 through the first movable iron piece 21, and further, the electromagnet 27 uses the first movable iron piece. Since the hoisting machine 1 is opened by attracting the 21 and the second movable iron piece 25, the electromagnet 27 first attracts the first movable iron piece 21, and the second movable iron piece 25 faces the first movable iron piece. After being pushed by 21 and initially moving to narrow the gap, the electromagnet 27 It is argument. For this reason, the press release of the brake shoe 23 by the first movable iron piece 21 and the second movable iron piece 25 can be performed substantially simultaneously, and the hoisting machine 1 can be quickly released.
[0029]
Further, the surface on the side where the first movable iron piece 21 and the second movable iron piece 25 face the electromagnet 27 is inclined with respect to the surface on the suction side of the electromagnet 27 in the braking state of the hoist, and is parallel in the suction state. As a result, the entire opposing surface can be attracted evenly, and a stable attraction state can be maintained against fluctuations in the applied voltage of the electromagnetic coil 28.
[0030]
Furthermore, since the cushioning material 29 is interposed between the groove bottom surface of the first movable iron piece 21 and the back surface of the second movable iron piece 25, the second movable iron piece 25 is pressed by the second elastic body 26 and the first movable iron piece 25. The sound when hitting the groove bottom surface of the iron piece 21 can be reduced.
[0031]
Furthermore, even if the rotor 9 has a bowl shape and the brake shoe 23 is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion, and the operating sound at this time is reflected in the rotor 9, the first elastic body 24 and the second elastic body 24 Since the pressing force by the body 26 is dispersed and applied in time series, the reverberant sound can be suppressed.
[0032]
In the first embodiment, the brake shoe 23 is pressed against the rotor 9. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the rotor 9 rotates with the rotation of the rotor 9 and stops the rotation. Any rotating body that can stop the hoisting machine 1 may be used.
In addition, the time relay 45 is used to disperse the pressing force by the first elastic body 24 and the second elastic body 26 in time series, but a switch having the same function as the brake switch 84 in FIG. You may make it return the 2nd movable iron piece 25, after detecting that the 1st movable iron piece 21 returned.
[0033]
【Effect of the invention】
Since this invention is comprised as mentioned above, there exist the following effects.
The brake of the elevator hoisting machine according to claim 1 has a braking piece attached to the first movable iron piece, and a braking force is generated by pressing the braking piece against the rotating body with the first elastic body via the first movable iron piece. The brake piece is pressed by the second elastic body with a weaker pressing force than the first elastic body via the second movable iron piece that is separate from the first movable iron piece, and the electromagnet is energized based on the start command of the elevator The first elastic body and the second elastic body are used to release the hoisting machine by releasing the braking pieces, and based on the elevator stop command, the electromagnet biasing is weakened to release the braking pieces with the first elastic body. After pressing the rotating body, further weakening the urging force of the electromagnet and urging with the second elastic body to press the braking piece to brake the rotating body , the first movable iron piece has a groove shape in cross section, With the opening facing the electromagnet side, a braking piece is attached to the back side, and one end rotates The second movable iron piece is loosely inserted into the groove portion and is pivotally supported at one end, and is spaced apart from the electromagnet by a larger gap than the first movable iron piece. It is arranged in parallel with one movable iron piece, and is made of a rod-like body that presses the braking piece through the first movable iron piece with the back surface in contact with the bottom surface of the groove, and the first movable iron piece and the second movable iron piece are attracted by an electromagnet. By doing so, the hoisting machine is opened .
For this reason, there exists an effect that an operation sound can be reduced compared with the case where a braking piece is simultaneously pressed with the pressing force which combined the 1st elastic body and the 2nd elastic body. In addition, the electromagnet first attracts the first movable iron piece, and the second movable iron piece is attracted to the electromagnet by first moving the back surface against the first movable iron piece to narrow the gap. Therefore, it is possible to release the brake pieces by the first movable iron piece and the second movable iron piece at substantially the same time, and the effect that the hoisting machine can be quickly opened is also achieved.
[0035]
A brake for an elevator hoisting machine according to claim 2 is the brake according to claim 1, wherein the first movable iron piece and the second movable iron piece are opposed to the electromagnet on the side facing the electromagnet, and in the braking state of the hoisting machine, Inclined with respect to the surface and parallel to the suction state, the entire opposing surface can be sucked evenly, and the stable suction state can be maintained.
[0036]
A brake for an elevator hoist according to a third aspect is the brake according to the first aspect, wherein a cushioning material is interposed between the groove bottom surface of the first movable iron piece and the rear surface of the second movable iron piece.
For this reason, there exists an effect that the sound when the 2nd movable iron piece is pressed by the 2nd elastic body and strikes the groove part bottom face of the 1st movable iron piece can be reduced.
[0037]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention , the elevator hoisting brake according to the first aspect is configured such that the rotating body has a bowl shape and the braking piece is pressed against the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion of the rotating body.
For this reason, even if the operation sound when the braking piece is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion reverberates in the rotating body, the pressing force by the first elastic body and the second elastic body is dispersed and applied in time series. Therefore, there is an effect that reverberation can be suppressed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a rear view showing an internal structure of a brake of an elevator hoist according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG.
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG.
5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VV in FIG.
FIG. 6 is an electrical circuit connection diagram of a brake of the elevator hoist according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the brake of the elevator hoist according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a front view of a brake of a conventional elevator hoisting machine.
FIG. 9 is a view showing a longitudinal section of a hoisting motor part of a conventional elevator hoisting machine and a side view of a brake part.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hoisting machine, 2 Bracket, 3 Protruding part, 4 Main shaft, 5 Support shaft, 6 Frame, 7 Mounting bolt, 8 Stator, 9 Rotor, 10 Rotor core, 11 Inner peripheral surface, 12 Sheave, 13 Main Rope, 21 first movable iron piece, 22 holder, 23 brake shoe, 24 first elastic body, 25 second movable iron piece, 26 second elastic body, 27 electromagnet, 28 electromagnetic coil, 29 cushioning material, 41 elevator control panel, 42 control contact, 43 brake control circuit, 44 relay, 44a normally open contact, 45 time relay, 45a normally open contact, 46 resistor.

Claims

エレベータの巻上機の回転体に制動片を押圧して上記巻上機を制動させ、上記押圧を解くことにより上記巻上機を開放するエレベータ用巻上機のブレーキにおいて、上記制動片が取り付けられた第１可動鉄片と、この第１可動鉄片を介して上記制動片を押圧する第１弾性体と、上記第１可動鉄片とは別体の第２可動鉄片と、この第２可動鉄片を介して上記第１弾性体よりも弱い押圧力で上記制動片を押圧する第２弾性体と、上記第１弾性体及び上記第２弾性体に抗して上記制動片の押圧を解く電磁石と、上記エレベータの起動指令に基づいて上記電磁石を付勢して上記第１弾性体及び上記第２弾性体による上記制動片の押圧を解いて上記巻上機を開放させると共に、上記エレベータの停止指令に基づいて上記電磁石の付勢を弱めることにより上記第１弾性体で上記制動片を上記回転体に押圧させた後、上記電磁石の付勢を更に弱め上記第２弾性体で加勢して上記制動片を押圧させて上記回転体を制動させるブレーキ制御回路とを備え、上記第１可動鉄片を、断面が溝形をなし、開口を上記電磁石側へ向け、背面側に上記制動片が取り付けられて一端が回動自在に軸支された棒状体からなるものとし、上記第２可動鉄片を、上記溝部に遊挿され一端が回動自在に軸支され、上記電磁石との間に上記第１可動鉄片よりも大きい空隙を隔てて上記第１可動鉄片と並設され、背面を上記溝部の底面に当接させて上記第１可動鉄片を介して上記制動片を押圧する棒状体からなるものとし、上記電磁石で上記第１可動鉄片及び上記第２可動鉄片を吸引することにより巻上機を開放させるものとしたエレベータ用巻上機のブレーキ。In the brake of an elevator hoisting machine that releases the hoisting machine by pressing the braking piece against the rotating body of the elevator hoisting machine to brake the hoisting machine and releasing the press, the braking piece is attached The first movable iron piece, the first elastic body that presses the braking piece via the first movable iron piece, the second movable iron piece that is separate from the first movable iron piece, and the second movable iron piece A second elastic body that presses the braking piece with a pressing force weaker than the first elastic body, an electromagnet that releases the braking piece against the first elastic body and the second elastic body, Based on the elevator start command, the electromagnet is energized to release the brake pieces by the first elastic body and the second elastic body to release the hoisting machine, and to stop the elevator. By weakening the energization of the electromagnet based on The brake that presses the braking piece against the rotating body with the first elastic body, and further weakens the urging force of the electromagnet and biases it with the second elastic body to press the braking piece to brake the rotating body. A rod-like body having a control circuit , wherein the first movable iron piece has a groove shape in cross section, the opening is directed to the electromagnet side, the braking piece is attached to the back side, and one end is pivotally supported. The second movable iron piece is loosely inserted into the groove portion, and one end thereof is pivotally supported. The first movable iron piece is separated from the electromagnet by a gap larger than the first movable iron piece. It is made of a rod-like body that is juxtaposed with the iron piece, presses the braking piece through the first movable iron piece with the back surface in contact with the bottom surface of the groove, and the electromagnet uses the first movable iron piece and the second piece. shall for opening the hoist by sucking the movable iron piece Hoisting machine brake for an elevator.

第１可動鉄片及び第２可動鉄片が電磁石と対向する側の面は、上記電磁石の吸引側の面に対して傾斜し、吸引状態で平行するものとした請求項１に記載のエレベータ用巻上機のブレーキ。The elevator hoist according to claim 1 , wherein a surface of the first movable iron piece and the second movable iron piece facing the electromagnet is inclined with respect to the surface of the electromagnet attracting side and is parallel to the attracting state. Machine brake.

第１可動鉄片の溝部底面と第２可動鉄片の背面との間に緩衝材を介在させた請求項１に記載のエレベータ用巻上機のブレーキ。The brake of the elevator hoisting machine according to claim 1 , wherein a cushioning material is interposed between the bottom surface of the groove portion of the first movable iron piece and the back surface of the second movable iron piece.

回転体を椀状とし、制動片を上記回転体の円筒部内周面に押圧させた請求項１に記載のエレベータ用巻上機のブレーキ。 The brake for an elevator hoisting machine according to claim 1, wherein the rotating body has a bowl shape, and the braking piece is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion of the rotating body.