JP4850648B2 - Field emission lamp - Google Patents

Field emission lamp Download PDF

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JP4850648B2
JP4850648B2 JP2006262429A JP2006262429A JP4850648B2 JP 4850648 B2 JP4850648 B2 JP 4850648B2 JP 2006262429 A JP2006262429 A JP 2006262429A JP 2006262429 A JP2006262429 A JP 2006262429A JP 4850648 B2 JP4850648 B2 JP 4850648B2
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emission
electrons
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JP2008084659A (en
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宏興 王
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Pureron Japan Co Ltd
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本発明は、電界により電界電子エミッタから電子を放出させ、この電子を蛍光体に当てることにより蛍光体を発光させるフィールドエミッションランプ(フィールドエミッションディスプレイを含む)および該フィールドエミッションランプの駆動方式に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a field emission lamp (including a field emission display) that emits electrons from a field electron emitter by an electric field and emits the electrons by applying the electrons to the phosphor, and a driving method of the field emission lamp. is there.

上記フィールドエミッションランプの駆動では、陽極側に直流電源の正極性電圧を印加して該陽極と対向配置された電界電子エミッタ上の多数の電子放出点それぞれから電界により陽極に向けて電子を放出させ、この放出した電子を陽極上の蛍光体に衝突させて該蛍光体を励起発光させるようになっている(特許文献1)。   In driving the field emission lamp, a positive voltage of a DC power source is applied to the anode side, and electrons are emitted from each of a large number of electron emission points on the field electron emitter disposed opposite to the anode toward the anode by an electric field. The emitted electrons are collided with the phosphor on the anode to cause the phosphor to excite and emit light (Patent Document 1).

このような駆動方法においては図8のd1→d2→d3→…で示すように蛍光体の各発光領域に対応してそれまで励起発光して明るかった白抜き丸印で示す領域は暗くなり、それまで暗かった別の黒抜き丸印で示す領域は励起発光して明るくなる。   In such a driving method, as indicated by d1 → d2 → d3 →... In FIG. 8, the areas indicated by the bright white circles that have been excited and emitted so far correspond to the respective emission areas of the phosphor, and become darker. A region indicated by another black circle that has been dark until then is excited to emit light and become brighter.

このように従来の駆動方法では、明暗のちらつき、すなわち、上記した白抜きと黒抜きとで示す多数の明暗斑点の集合からなりその明暗斑点の集合状態が定まらず複雑ランダムに変化するような発光状態が発生していた。   Thus, in the conventional driving method, light and dark flickering, that is, light emission consisting of a set of a large number of bright and dark spots indicated by the above-described white and black spots, where the set state of the bright and dark spots is not determined and changes in a complex and random manner. A condition has occurred.

また、暗い領域が存在することにより、輝度の大きさにも影響している。さらに発光に寄与しないエネルギが熱に変わりフィールドエミッションランプの温度が極めて高温になってしまい、フィールドエミッションランプを扱い難くすると共にエネルギ損失も大きい。
特開2002−343279号公報
In addition, the presence of dark areas also affects the magnitude of luminance. Furthermore, energy that does not contribute to light emission changes to heat, and the temperature of the field emission lamp becomes extremely high, making the field emission lamp difficult to handle and large energy loss.
JP 2002-343279 A

本発明により解決すべき課題は、蛍光体の発光ちらつきを抑制して均一発光を可能とし、輝度を向上して発光効率をアップ可能とし、管面温度の高温化を抑制し、かつ、製作容易化を達成可能とすることである。   The problem to be solved by the present invention is that it is possible to uniformly emit light by suppressing the light emission flicker of the phosphor, to improve the luminance and increase the light emission efficiency, to suppress the increase in the tube surface temperature, and to be easily manufactured It is possible to achieve

本発明によるフィールドエミッションランプは、発光側となる透明なフロントパネルと、上記フロントパネルのバック側に平行配置されたリアパネルと、上記リアパネルの内面上に設けた電界により電子を放出する電界電子エミッタと、上記フロントパネルの内面に設けられ上記電界電子エミッタに対して面状に対向配置された蛍光体付きの陽極と、それぞれ複数の電子通過孔を有するとともに対向電極面に二次電子放出膜を有した少なくとも2枚の平面状のゲート電極を電子放出方向に平行かつ間隔を隔てて対向配置してなり、かつ、上記二次電子放出膜は相手のゲート電極の電子通過孔に少なくとも一部で対向した二次電子エミッタと、上記陽極と上記電界電子エミッタとの間に直流電圧を印加して上記電界電子エミッタから電界電子を放出させる直流電源と、上記両ゲート電極間に交流電圧を印加して上記電界電子エミッタから放出される電子を陰極に近い側のゲート電極の電子通過孔を通過させて陽極に近い側のゲート電極の電極面に設けた二次電子放出膜に衝突させ、この衝突で上記両ゲート電極の対向面に設けた上記両二次電子放出膜間で二次電子をアバランシェに増倍生成して両ゲート電極間に二次電子による電子雲領域を形成させる交流電源とを備え、上記電子雲領域から放出される二次電子を上記蛍光体に照射することにより発光させる、ことを特徴とする。 A field emission lamp according to the present invention includes a transparent front panel serving as a light emission side, a rear panel arranged in parallel to the back side of the front panel, a field electron emitter that emits electrons by an electric field provided on an inner surface of the rear panel, and An anode with a phosphor provided on the inner surface of the front panel and arranged in a plane opposed to the field electron emitter, each having a plurality of electron passage holes and a secondary electron emission film on the opposite electrode surface. The at least two planar gate electrodes are arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other in the electron emission direction, and the secondary electron emission film is at least partially opposed to the electron passage hole of the counterpart gate electrode. A DC voltage is applied between the secondary electron emitter, the anode and the field electron emitter, and field electrons are emitted from the field electron emitter. A DC power source to be emitted, and an AC voltage applied between the gate electrodes to allow electrons emitted from the field electron emitter to pass through the electron passage hole of the gate electrode close to the cathode and close to the anode Both gates are made to collide with the secondary electron emission film provided on the electrode surface of the two gates, and by this collision, secondary electrons are multiplied and generated on the avalanche between the secondary electron emission films provided on the opposing surfaces of the gate electrodes. And an AC power source for forming an electron cloud region by secondary electrons between the electrodes, and emitting light by irradiating the phosphor with secondary electrons emitted from the electron cloud region .

本発明ではこの電界電子エミッタは多数の電子放出点を有しており、各電子放出点から放出される電子(一次電子)は二次電子エミッタで増倍されて陽極に放出される。そして、この場合、一次電子は偏在していても、二次電子エミッタから放出される二次電子は偏在が減り全体的に平均化されて陽極に向けて放出することができる結果、蛍光体はこの二次電子の照射で全体的に平均化して発光することができるようになり、従来のような明暗斑点が無くなり全体的にソフトで均一な発光状態を得ることができる。また、本発明によると、上記暗斑点が無くなることにより、全体の輝度が向上し、発光効率をアップすることができるようになる。さらに、本発明によると、電子放出に用いたエネルギをほとんど発光に寄与させることができ、その分、フィールドエミッションランプの高温化が解消し扱い易くなり、消費エネルギ損失を小さくすることができる。   In the present invention, this field electron emitter has a large number of electron emission points, and electrons (primary electrons) emitted from each electron emission point are multiplied by the secondary electron emitter and emitted to the anode. In this case, even if primary electrons are unevenly distributed, secondary electrons emitted from the secondary electron emitter are reduced in uneven distribution and can be averaged and emitted toward the anode. By this secondary electron irradiation, the light can be averaged and emitted as a whole, and the light and dark spots as in the prior art are eliminated, so that a soft and uniform light emission state can be obtained as a whole. In addition, according to the present invention, since the dark spots are eliminated, the overall luminance is improved and the luminous efficiency can be increased. Furthermore, according to the present invention, the energy used for electron emission can be made to contribute almost to light emission, and accordingly, the high temperature of the field emission lamp is eliminated and it becomes easy to handle, and the energy consumption loss can be reduced.

この場合、上記両ゲート電極の対向電極面は相手側に向けて凹面状または凸面状であることがより好ましい。   In this case, it is more preferable that the opposing electrode surfaces of both the gate electrodes are concave or convex toward the other side.

本発明によれば、蛍光体の発光ちらつきを抑制して均一に発光させることができるとともに、全体の輝度を向上させ、発光効率を大きくアップさせることができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to emit light uniformly by suppressing the light emission flicker of the phosphor, improve the overall luminance, and greatly increase the light emission efficiency.

以下、添付した図面を参照して、本発明の実施の形態に係るフィールドエミッションランプを説明する。   Hereinafter, a field emission lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図1は、実施形態のフィールドエミッションランプの側面図、図2は図1のフィールドエミッションランプを分解して示す斜視図、図3(a)(b)(c)はフィールドエミッションランプの駆動電圧の各波形を示す図、図4および図5はゲート電極の変形例を示す図、図6は同フィールドエミッションランプの駆動の説明に供する図、図7はフロントパネルからの発光状態を示す図、である。   1 is a side view of the field emission lamp of the embodiment, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the field emission lamp of FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3C are drive voltages of the field emission lamp. FIGS. 4 and 5 are diagrams showing modified examples of the gate electrode, FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the driving of the field emission lamp, and FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a light emission state from the front panel. is there.

まず、図1、図2を参照して、10はフィールドエミッションランプであり、このフィールドエミッションランプ10は、発光側となる平板状でガラス板からなって透明なフロントパネル12と、そのバック側に平行配置される平板状のリアパネル14と、フロントパネル12とリアパネル14の周縁部を相互間に配設した枠状の図示略のサイドパネルとで内部が真空封止されたフラットパネルタイプになっている。フロントパネル12の内面には蛍光体16付きの陽極18が形成されている。透明とは光を透過することができる意義であり、その透過率に限定されない。   First, referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, reference numeral 10 denotes a field emission lamp. The field emission lamp 10 is a flat front panel 12 made of a glass plate on the light emission side, and on the back side thereof. It is a flat panel type in which the inside is vacuum-sealed by a flat rear panel 14 arranged in parallel and a frame-shaped side panel (not shown) in which the peripheral portions of the front panel 12 and the rear panel 14 are disposed between each other. Yes. An anode 18 with a phosphor 16 is formed on the inner surface of the front panel 12. The term “transparent” means that light can be transmitted and is not limited to the transmittance.

蛍光体16は、電子の照射により励起発光する蛍光体である。蛍光体16は、電子の照射により励起して可視光を発光する。蛍光体16は、周知の蛍光体でよく、特に限定されない。蛍光体16は、陽極18にスラリー塗布法、スクリーン印刷法、電気永動法、沈降法等により塗布等により形成することができる。陽極18は、透明導電膜であるITO(酸化インジウム・錫)やアルミニウム等の金属をスパッタリングやEB蒸着等により薄膜状にして形成されている。   The phosphor 16 is a phosphor that emits light by excitation when irradiated with electrons. The phosphor 16 emits visible light when excited by electron irradiation. The phosphor 16 may be a known phosphor and is not particularly limited. The phosphor 16 can be formed on the anode 18 by a slurry coating method, a screen printing method, an electric perturbation method, a sedimentation method, or the like. The anode 18 is formed of a transparent conductive film such as ITO (indium tin oxide) or aluminum in a thin film shape by sputtering, EB vapor deposition, or the like.

リアパネル14の内面上には複数の電界電子エミッタ20がワイヤ状に互いに平行に延びて互いに等間隔に並設されている。電界電子エミッタ20は、導線の外周に炭素膜からなるnmオーダーの微細突起からなる多数の電子放出点を有する。この電子放出点は、カーボンナノチューブ、カーボンナノウォール、針状炭素膜、等により構成されていて微細な突起の先端への電界集中で電子放出するものである。陽極18と複数の電界電子エミッタ20との間に直流電源22,24が接続されている。   On the inner surface of the rear panel 14, a plurality of field electron emitters 20 extend in parallel to each other in a wire shape and are arranged in parallel at equal intervals. The field electron emitter 20 has a large number of electron emission points made of fine protrusions in the order of nm made of a carbon film on the outer periphery of the conducting wire. This electron emission point is composed of carbon nanotubes, carbon nanowalls, needle-like carbon films, and the like, and emits electrons when electric fields are concentrated on the tips of minute protrusions. DC power supplies 22 and 24 are connected between the anode 18 and the plurality of field electron emitters 20.

以上の構成において実施形態のフィールドエミッションランプ10では、電界電子エミッタ20と陽極18との間に二次電子エミッタ26を配置したことを特徴とする。この二次電子エミッタ26は、複数の電子通過孔28a,30aを有する第1、第2ゲート電極28,30を少なくとも2枚平行かつ間隔を隔てて対向配置し、上記両ゲート電極28,30間に交流電源32からの交流電圧を印加して電界電子エミッタ20から放出される電子P(一次電子)から二次電子Qを増倍生成し、その増倍生成した二次電子Qを蛍光体16に向けて照射するようになっている。なお、交流電圧の波形は特に限定されないが、例えば図3(a)−(c)で示すように正弦波(図3(a))、矩形波(図3(b))、リップルを含む矩形波(図3(c))等の波形を採用することができる。上記において両ゲート電極28,30の対向電極面には二次電子放出膜28b,30bが形成されている。この二次電子放出膜28b,30bは相手のゲート電極28,30の電子通過孔28a,30aに少なくとも一部で対向している。上記では両ゲート電極28,30の対向電極面は相手側に向けて図4で示すように凹面状または図5で示すように凸面状にしてその凹面状または凸面状の電極面に二次電子放出膜28b,30bを形成してあることが二次電子の増倍においては、より好ましい。   In the field emission lamp 10 of the embodiment having the above configuration, the secondary electron emitter 26 is disposed between the field electron emitter 20 and the anode 18. The secondary electron emitter 26 includes at least two first and second gate electrodes 28 and 30 having a plurality of electron passage holes 28a and 30a arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, and between the gate electrodes 28 and 30. A secondary electron Q is multiplied and generated from electrons P (primary electrons) emitted from the field electron emitter 20 by applying an AC voltage from an AC power source 32 to the phosphor 16. It is designed to irradiate towards. The waveform of the AC voltage is not particularly limited. For example, as shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C, a sine wave (FIG. 3A), a rectangular wave (FIG. 3B), and a rectangle including ripples. A waveform such as a wave (FIG. 3C) can be employed. In the above, the secondary electron emission films 28b and 30b are formed on the opposing electrode surfaces of the gate electrodes 28 and 30, respectively. The secondary electron emission films 28b and 30b are at least partially opposed to the electron passage holes 28a and 30a of the counterpart gate electrodes 28 and 30. In the above, the opposing electrode surfaces of both gate electrodes 28 and 30 are concave as shown in FIG. 4 or convex as shown in FIG. 5 toward the other side, and secondary electrons are formed on the concave or convex electrode surface. The formation of the emission films 28b and 30b is more preferable for multiplication of secondary electrons.

図6を参照して動作を説明すると、まず、図6(a)で示すように電界電子エミッタ20からの一次電子Pは、第2ゲート電極30の電子通過孔30aを通過して第1ゲート電極28の電極面に設けた二次電子放出膜28bに衝突する。これにより二次電子放出膜28bから二次電子が生成される。この二次電子は第2ゲート電極30の電位の極性に応じて当該第2ゲート電極30の二次電子放出膜30bに衝突あるいは反発され、また、第2ゲート電極30の二次電子放出膜30bに衝突した二次電子は第1ゲート電極28の電極面に設けた二次電子放出膜28bに衝突あるいは反発されるなどにより、両ゲート電極28,30間には二次電子が増倍生成され、図6(b)で示すように電子雲34が生成される。この電子雲34は二次電子が偏在することなく平均化されて存在している。   The operation will be described with reference to FIG. 6. First, as shown in FIG. 6A, the primary electrons P from the field electron emitter 20 pass through the electron passage hole 30 a of the second gate electrode 30 to form the first gate. It collides with the secondary electron emission film 28 b provided on the electrode surface of the electrode 28. As a result, secondary electrons are generated from the secondary electron emission film 28b. The secondary electrons collide with or be repelled by the secondary electron emission film 30b of the second gate electrode 30 according to the polarity of the potential of the second gate electrode 30, and the secondary electron emission film 30b of the second gate electrode 30. The secondary electrons that collided with the gate electrode 28 collide with or be repelled by the secondary electron emission film 28b provided on the electrode surface of the first gate electrode 28, so that secondary electrons are multiplied and generated between the gate electrodes 28 and 30. As shown in FIG. 6B, an electron cloud 34 is generated. This electron cloud 34 is averaged and present without secondary electrons being unevenly distributed.

こうしてこれら電子雲34は図6(c)で示すように第1ゲート電極28の電子通過孔28aから陽極18に向けて電子が引き出されて蛍光体16を照射する。その結果、蛍光体16が発光するが、この場合、二次電子は平均化しているので、蛍光体16は均一に発光することができる。   Thus, these electron clouds 34 irradiate the phosphor 16 by extracting electrons from the electron passage hole 28a of the first gate electrode 28 toward the anode 18 as shown in FIG. 6C. As a result, the phosphor 16 emits light. In this case, since the secondary electrons are averaged, the phosphor 16 can emit light uniformly.

このため、フロントパネル12側から見ると、図7で示すようにフロントパネル12全体が均一に発光した明るい領域となり、従来のように明暗に輝度変化することが無く、全体的にほぼ一様な輝度で発光することができ、発光ちらつきが解消される。また、実施形態では全体の輝度変化が少なくなりソフトで均一な発光状態に駆動することができ、照明ランプとして用いた場合に好適なフィールドエミッションランプを提供することができるようになる。なお、実施形態のフラットパネルタイプであったが、管状タイプでもよい。この場合では、円筒状ランプ管の内面に蛍光体付き陽極を形成すると共にその管中心に電界電子エミッタをワイヤ状に空中架設し、ワイヤ状陰極と蛍光体付き陽極との間に円周方向に上記二次電子エミッタを配置するとよい。   For this reason, when viewed from the front panel 12 side, as shown in FIG. 7, the entire front panel 12 becomes a bright area where light is uniformly emitted, and the luminance does not change brightly and darkly as in the prior art, and is substantially uniform as a whole. Light can be emitted with brightness, and light emission flicker is eliminated. Further, in the embodiment, the entire luminance change is reduced, and it can be driven to a soft and uniform light emission state, and a field emission lamp suitable for use as an illumination lamp can be provided. In addition, although it was the flat panel type of embodiment, a tubular type may be sufficient. In this case, an anode with a phosphor is formed on the inner surface of a cylindrical lamp tube, and a field electron emitter is installed in the air in the center of the tube in the circumferential direction between the wire cathode and the anode with a phosphor. The secondary electron emitter may be disposed.

本発明は、上述した実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲に記載した範囲内で、種々な変更ないしは変形を含むものである。   The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and includes various changes or modifications within the scope described in the claims.

図1は、実施形態のフィールドエミッションランプの側面図である。FIG. 1 is a side view of the field emission lamp of the embodiment. 図2は図1のフィールドエミッションランプを分解して示す斜視図である。FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the field emission lamp of FIG. 図3(a)(b)(c)はフィールドエミッションランプの駆動電圧の各波形を示す図である。FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C are diagrams showing respective waveforms of the drive voltage of the field emission lamp. 図4はゲート電極の変形例を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a view showing a modification of the gate electrode. 図5はゲート電極の別の変形例を示す図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another modification of the gate electrode. 図6はフィールドエミッションランプの動作説明に供する図である。FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the field emission lamp. 図7はフィールドエミッションランプの発光状態を示す図である。FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a light emission state of the field emission lamp. 図8は従来のフィールドエミッションランプの説明に供する図である。FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a conventional field emission lamp.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

10 フィールドエミッションランプ
12 フロントパネル
14 リアパネル
16 蛍光体
18 陽極
20 電界電子エミッタ
26 二次電子エミッタ
28,30 ゲート電極
28a,30a 電子通過孔
28b,30b 二次電子放出膜
32 交流電源
34 電子雲
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Field emission lamp 12 Front panel 14 Rear panel 16 Phosphor 18 Anode 20 Field electron emitter 26 Secondary electron emitter 28, 30 Gate electrode 28a, 30a Electron passage hole 28b, 30b Secondary electron emission film 32 AC power supply 34 Electron cloud

Claims (2)

発光側となる透明なフロントパネルと、
上記フロントパネルのバック側に平行配置されたリアパネルと、
上記リアパネルの内面上に設けた電界により電子を放出する電界電子エミッタと、
上記フロントパネルの内面に設けられ上記電界電子エミッタに対して面状に対向配置された蛍光体付きの陽極と、
それぞれ複数の電子通過孔を有するとともに対向電極面に二次電子放出膜を有した少なくとも2枚の平面状のゲート電極を電子放出方向に平行かつ間隔を隔てて対向配置してなり、かつ、上記二次電子放出膜は相手のゲート電極の電子通過孔に少なくとも一部で対向した二次電子エミッタと、
上記陽極と上記電界電子エミッタとの間に直流電圧を印加して上記電界電子エミッタから電界電子を放出させる直流電源と、
上記両ゲート電極間に交流電圧を印加して上記電界電子エミッタから放出される電子を陰極に近い側のゲート電極の電子通過孔を通過させて陽極に近い側のゲート電極の電極面に設けた二次電子放出膜に衝突させ、この衝突で上記両ゲート電極の対向面に設けた上記両二次電子放出膜間で二次電子をアバランシェに増倍生成して両ゲート電極間に二次電子による電子雲領域を形成させる交流電源と、
を備え、
上記電子雲領域から放出される二次電子を上記蛍光体に照射することにより発光させる、ことを特徴とするフィールドエミッションランプ。
A transparent front panel on the light emitting side,
A rear panel arranged in parallel on the back side of the front panel;
A field electron emitter that emits electrons by an electric field provided on the inner surface of the rear panel;
An anode with a phosphor provided on the inner surface of the front panel and arranged to face the field electron emitter in a planar manner;
At least two planar gate electrodes each having a plurality of electron passage holes and having a secondary electron emission film on the surface of the counter electrode are arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other in the electron emission direction, and The secondary electron emission film is a secondary electron emitter at least partially facing the electron passage hole of the counterpart gate electrode, and
A DC power source for applying a DC voltage between the anode and the field electron emitter to emit field electrons from the field electron emitter;
An AC voltage was applied between the two gate electrodes to allow electrons emitted from the field electron emitter to pass through the electron passage hole of the gate electrode close to the cathode and be provided on the electrode surface of the gate electrode close to the anode. A secondary electron is made to collide with the secondary electron emission film and a secondary electron is generated in the avalanche between the secondary electron emission films provided on the opposing surfaces of the both gate electrodes by this collision. AC power source that forms the electron cloud region by
With
A field emission lamp characterized by emitting light by irradiating the phosphor with secondary electrons emitted from the electron cloud region .
上記両ゲート電極の対向電極面は相手側に向けて凹面状または凸面状である、ことを特徴とする請求項に記載のフィールドエミッションランプ。 2. The field emission lamp according to claim 1 , wherein the opposing electrode surfaces of the two gate electrodes are concave or convex toward the other side.
JP2006262429A 2006-09-27 2006-09-27 Field emission lamp Expired - Fee Related JP4850648B2 (en)

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