JP4818855B2 - Water channel forming panel capable of preventing movement of soil in vegetation layer and artificial ground for rooftop greening using the same - Google Patents

Water channel forming panel capable of preventing movement of soil in vegetation layer and artificial ground for rooftop greening using the same Download PDF

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JP4818855B2
JP4818855B2 JP2006241983A JP2006241983A JP4818855B2 JP 4818855 B2 JP4818855 B2 JP 4818855B2 JP 2006241983 A JP2006241983 A JP 2006241983A JP 2006241983 A JP2006241983 A JP 2006241983A JP 4818855 B2 JP4818855 B2 JP 4818855B2
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water channel
main body
channel forming
water
groove
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JP2008061554A (en
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順也 村上
伸行 門倉
静郎 佐々木
武彦 加藤
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Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/254—Roof garden systems; Roof coverings with high solar reflectance
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
    • Y02B80/32—Roof garden systems

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  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)

Description

本発明は、植物、魚貝、昆虫等が共存する水辺環境を創出するための水路を形成する水路形成パネル及びこれを用いた屋上緑化用人工地盤に関する。   The present invention relates to a water channel forming panel that forms a water channel for creating a waterside environment in which plants, fish shellfish, insects, and the like coexist, and an artificial ground for rooftop greening using the same.

近年、ヒートアイランド現象の抑制、都市景観の向上等を目的として屋上緑化が行われている。特に、東京都が条例により一定基準を超える敷地面積を有する新たな建築物について屋上緑化を義務付けたことにより、屋上緑化の需要はより一層高くなっている。屋上緑化には、植物、魚貝、昆虫等が共存する空間を作るために水路を設けて水辺環境を創出するものがある。植物、魚貝、昆虫等の生物が共存する空間は、ビオトープと呼ばれ、人々に安らぎの場又は生物との触れあいの場を提供する。   In recent years, rooftop greening has been carried out for the purpose of suppressing the heat island phenomenon and improving the cityscape. In particular, the demand for rooftop greening has become even higher due to the Tokyo Metropolitan Government requiring rooftop greening for new buildings that have site areas exceeding a certain standard. Some rooftop greening creates a waterfront environment by providing waterways to create a space where plants, fish shellfish, insects, etc. coexist. A space where organisms such as plants, fish shells, and insects coexist is called a biotope, and provides a place of peace or contact with people.

従来の屋上緑化用人工地盤には、屋上に配置された水溜めと、該水溜め内に配置された透水層と、該透水層上にある植生層とを含むものがある（特許文献１、２参照）。
特開２００３−１０２２６５号公報 特開２００４−１２１１７８号公報 The conventional artificial ground for rooftop greening includes a water reservoir disposed on the rooftop, a water permeable layer disposed in the water reservoir, and a vegetation layer on the water permeable layer (Patent Document 1, 2).
JP 2003-102265 A JP 2004-121178 A

また、従来の他の屋上緑化用人工地盤は、屋上に配置された水溜めと、該水溜めを満たす透水層と、該透水層上にある植生層とを含み、該植生層は土からなり、前記植生層の上面に水路が形成されている（特願２００６−５４６１１）。前記植生層の前記上面は、該上面から前記屋上までの距離が前記植生層の一端部から他端部に向けて漸減するように傾斜しており、前記水路は前記一端部から前記他端部まで伸びる。   In addition, another conventional artificial ground for rooftop greening includes a water reservoir disposed on the roof, a water permeable layer that fills the water reservoir, and a vegetation layer on the water permeable layer, and the vegetation layer is made of soil. A water channel is formed on the upper surface of the vegetation layer (Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-54611). The upper surface of the vegetation layer is inclined so that a distance from the upper surface to the rooftop gradually decreases from one end portion to the other end portion of the vegetation layer, and the water channel extends from the one end portion to the other end portion. It extends to.

前記水路は、前記植生層の前記上面に前記水路をなす溝を設けることにより形成される。しかし、前記植生層に前記溝を設けることには多大な時間と労力とを要する。このため、前記水路の形成を効率的に行うことができない。   The water channel is formed by providing a groove forming the water channel on the upper surface of the vegetation layer. However, providing the groove in the vegetation layer requires a lot of time and labor. For this reason, the water channel cannot be formed efficiently.

前記植生層の前記上面が、該上面から前記屋上までの距離が前記植生層の一端部から他端部に向けて漸減するように傾斜しているため、前記植生層の土は、崩れ、低い方へ、すなわち前記植生層の一端部から他端部に向けて移動する。これにより、前記植生層の一端部側で前記植生層の土が不足するという問題が生じる。   Since the upper surface of the vegetation layer is inclined so that the distance from the upper surface to the rooftop gradually decreases from one end to the other end of the vegetation layer, the soil of the vegetation layer collapses and is low In other words, the vegetation layer moves from one end to the other end. Thereby, the problem that the soil of the said vegetation layer runs short in the one end part side of the said vegetation layer arises.

本発明の目的は、前記水路の形成をより効率的に行うことができ、かつ前記植生層の土の移動を防止することができる水路形成パネル及びこれを用いた屋上緑化用人工地盤を提供することである。   An object of the present invention is to provide a water channel forming panel capable of more efficiently forming the water channel and preventing movement of soil in the vegetation layer, and an artificial ground for rooftop greening using the water channel forming panel. That is.

本発明は、水路を形成する複数の水路形成パネルであってそれぞれが前記水路の一部をなす溝を上面に有する板状の本体を有し、前記上面が傾斜している複数の水路形成パネルを互いに隣接して配置することにより、前記水路を効率的に形成し、かつ植生層の土の移動を防止する。
The present invention, respectively a plurality of waterways forming panel for forming a water channel has a plate-shaped body having a top surface a groove forming part of the water channel, a plurality of waterways forming panel the upper surface that inclined By arranging them adjacent to each other, the water channel is efficiently formed and the movement of soil in the vegetation layer is prevented.

本発明に係る、水路を有する屋上緑化用人工地盤に用いる水路形成パネルは、前記水路の一部をなす溝を上面に有する板状の本体からなる。前記溝の一端部は前記本体の一端部で開放され、また前記溝の他端部は前記本体の他端部で開放され、前記上面は前記本体の前記一端部から前記他端部に向けて前記本体の厚さが漸増するように傾斜している。前記本体は発泡スチロールからなる。   The water channel formation panel used for the artificial ground for rooftop greening which has a water channel based on this invention consists of a plate-shaped main body which has the groove | channel which makes a part of the water channel in the upper surface. One end of the groove is opened at one end of the main body, the other end of the groove is opened at the other end of the main body, and the upper surface is directed from the one end of the main body toward the other end. The main body is inclined so as to gradually increase in thickness. The main body is made of expanded polystyrene.

前記水路は、それぞれが前記水路の一部をなす溝を有する前記複数の水路形成パネルを互いに隣接して配置することにより形成する。これにより、従来の屋上緑化用人工地盤のように植生層に水路をなす溝を設けることなく水路を形成することができる。このため、水路の形成をより効率的に行うことができる。   The water channel is formed by arranging the plurality of water channel forming panels, each having a groove forming a part of the water channel, adjacent to each other. Thereby, a water channel can be formed, without providing the groove | channel which makes a water channel in a vegetation layer like the conventional artificial ground for rooftop greening. For this reason, a water channel can be formed more efficiently.

前記本体の前記上面が、前記本体の前記一端部から前記他端部に向けて前記本体の厚さが漸増するように傾斜していることにより、前記本体上の植生層の土が前記本体の前記一端部から前記他端部に向けて移動するのを防止することができる。また、前記植生層の土に供給された水が前記本体の前記一端部から前記他端部に向けて流れるのを妨げ、前記水を前記本体上に溜めることができる。これにより、前記植生層は前記本体上に溜まった水を吸収して植物の生育に必要な水分を確保することができる。   The upper surface of the main body is inclined so that the thickness of the main body gradually increases from the one end portion to the other end portion of the main body, so that the soil of the vegetation layer on the main body It is possible to prevent movement from the one end portion toward the other end portion. Moreover, the water supplied to the soil of the vegetation layer is prevented from flowing from the one end portion of the main body toward the other end portion, and the water can be stored on the main body. Thereby, the said vegetation layer can absorb the water collected on the said main body, and can ensure the water | moisture content required for growth of a plant.

本発明に係る、互いに隣接して配置され、水路を形成する複数の水路形成パネルであってそれぞれが前記水路の一部をなす溝を上面に有する板状の本体からなり、前記溝の一端部が前記本体の一端部で開放され、また前記溝の他端部が前記本体の他端部で開放され、前記上面が前記本体の前記一端部から前記他端部に向けて前記本体の厚さが漸増するように傾斜している複数の水路形成パネルを用いた屋上緑化用人工地盤は、前記複数の水路形成パネル上に配置された非透水性シートと、該非透水性シート上の植生層とを含む。前記水路の上流側の水路形成パネルの前記本体の前記他端部は前記水路の下流側の水路形成パネルの前記本体の前記一端部に隣接しており、前記上流側の水路形成パネルの前記本体の前記一端部の厚さは前記下流側の水路形成パネルの前記本体の前記一端部の厚さより厚い。   A plurality of water channel forming panels arranged adjacent to each other and forming a water channel according to the present invention, each comprising a plate-like body having a groove forming a part of the water channel on the upper surface, and one end portion of the groove Is open at one end of the main body, the other end of the groove is open at the other end of the main body, and the upper surface is the thickness of the main body from the one end of the main body toward the other end. An artificial ground for rooftop greening using a plurality of water channel forming panels inclined so as to gradually increase, a water-impermeable sheet disposed on the plurality of water channel forming panels, and a vegetation layer on the water-impermeable sheet, including. The other end of the main body of the water channel forming panel upstream of the water channel is adjacent to the one end of the main body of the water channel forming panel downstream of the water channel, and the main body of the upstream water channel forming panel. Is thicker than the one end of the main body of the downstream water channel forming panel.

本発明によれば、それぞれが水路の一部をなす溝を上面に有する板状の本体を備える複数の水路形成パネルを互いに隣接して配置することにより、効率的に水路を形成することができる。また、前記上面が傾斜していることにより、植生層の土の移動を防止することができる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, a water channel can be efficiently formed by arrange | positioning a several water channel formation panel provided with the plate-shaped main body which has the groove | channel which each forms a part of water channel in an upper surface adjacent to each other. . Moreover, by the top surface that has inclined, it is possible to prevent the movement of soil vegetation layer.

図１に示すように、水路１０を有する屋上緑化用人工地盤１２に用いる水路形成パネル１４は、水路１０の一部をなす溝１６を上面１８に有する板状の本体２０からなる。本体２０は相対する一端部２２及び他端部２４を有し、溝１６は本体２０の一端部２２から他端部２４に向けて伸びる。   As shown in FIG. 1, the water channel forming panel 14 used in the rooftop greening artificial ground 12 having the water channel 10 is composed of a plate-like main body 20 having a groove 16 forming a part of the water channel 10 on the upper surface 18. The main body 20 has one end 22 and the other end 24 opposed to each other, and the groove 16 extends from the one end 22 of the main body 20 toward the other end 24.

図示の例では、４つの水路形成パネル１４が水路１０を形成するように屋上２６に互いに隣接して配置されている。４つの水路形成パネル１４のうち上流側の３つの水路形成パネル１４のそれぞれにおいて、溝１６の一端部２８は本体２０の一端部２２で開放され、また溝１６の他端部３０は本体２０の他端部２４で開放されている。本体２０の上面１８は、本体２０の一端部２２から他端部２４に向けて本体２０の厚さが漸増するように傾斜している。４つの水路形成パネル１４のうち最も下流側に位置する水路形成パネル１４において、溝１６の一端部２８は本体２０の一端部２２で開放され、また溝１６の他端部３０は本体２０の端部で開放されていない。４つの水路形成パネル１４のそれぞれの溝１６底から本体２０の下面３２までの距離は溝１６の一端部２８から他端部３０まで一定である。   In the illustrated example, four water channel forming panels 14 are disposed adjacent to each other on the roof 26 so as to form the water channel 10. In each of the upstream three water channel forming panels 14 among the four water channel forming panels 14, one end portion 28 of the groove 16 is opened at one end portion 22 of the main body 20, and the other end portion 30 of the groove 16 is opened in the main body 20. Opened at the other end 24. The upper surface 18 of the main body 20 is inclined so that the thickness of the main body 20 gradually increases from the one end 22 to the other end 24 of the main body 20. In the water channel forming panel 14 located on the most downstream side among the four water channel forming panels 14, one end 28 of the groove 16 is opened at one end 22 of the main body 20, and the other end 30 of the groove 16 is the end of the main body 20. Not open in the department. The distance from the bottom of each groove 16 of the four water channel forming panels 14 to the lower surface 32 of the main body 20 is constant from one end 28 to the other end 30 of the groove 16.

水路形成パネル１４を用いた屋上緑化用人工地盤１２は、屋上２６に互いに隣接して配置され、水路１０を形成する複数の水路形成パネル１４と、該複数の水路形成パネル上に配置された非透水性シート３４と、該非透水性シート上の植生層３６とを含む。図示の例では、屋上緑化用人工地盤１２は側壁３８で囲まれている。   The artificial ground 12 for greening the roof using the water channel forming panel 14 is disposed adjacent to the roof 26 and includes a plurality of water channel forming panels 14 that form the water channel 10 and a non-channel disposed on the plurality of water channel forming panels. It includes a water-permeable sheet 34 and a vegetation layer 36 on the water-impermeable sheet. In the illustrated example, the artificial ground 12 for greening the roof is surrounded by a side wall 38.

複数の水路形成パネル１４の本体２０は互いに異なる厚さを有する。上流側の水路形成パネル１４の本体２０の他端部２４は下流側の水路形成パネル１４の本体２０の一端部２２に隣接しており、上流側の水路形成パネル１４の本体２０の一端部２２の厚さは下流側の水路形成パネル１４の本体２０の一端部２２の厚さより厚い。上流側の水路形成パネル１４の溝１６底は下流側の水路形成パネル１４の溝１６底より上方に位置し、水路１０の水は上流側の水路形成パネル１４から下流側の水路形成パネル１４へ流れる。   The main bodies 20 of the plurality of water channel forming panels 14 have different thicknesses. The other end 24 of the main body 20 of the upstream water channel forming panel 14 is adjacent to one end 22 of the main body 20 of the downstream water channel forming panel 14, and one end 22 of the main body 20 of the upstream water channel forming panel 14. Is thicker than the thickness of the one end 22 of the main body 20 of the downstream water channel forming panel 14. The bottom of the groove 16 of the upstream water channel forming panel 14 is positioned above the bottom of the groove 16 of the downstream water channel forming panel 14, and the water in the water channel 10 flows from the upstream water channel forming panel 14 to the downstream water channel forming panel 14. Flowing.

本体２０は、溝１６底から本体２０の下面３２までの距離が溝１６の一端部２８から他端部３０まで一定である図示の例に代え、溝１６底から本体２０の下面３２までの距離が溝１６の一端部２８から他端部３０に向けて漸減するものであってもよい。この場合、上流側の水路形成パネル１６の溝１６の他端部３０における溝１６底は下流側の水路形成パネル１６の溝１６の一端部２８における溝１６底と連続している。   The main body 20 is a distance from the bottom of the groove 16 to the lower surface 32 of the main body 20 in place of the illustrated example in which the distance from the bottom of the groove 16 to the lower surface 32 of the main body 20 is constant from the one end 28 to the other end 30 of the groove 16. May be gradually decreased from the one end 28 of the groove 16 toward the other end 30. In this case, the bottom of the groove 16 at the other end 30 of the groove 16 of the upstream water channel forming panel 16 is continuous with the bottom of the groove 16 at one end 28 of the groove 16 of the downstream water channel forming panel 16.

図示の例では、水路１０は、川部１０ａと、該川部の下流側の端部で川部１０ａと連通する池部１０ｂとからなる。上流側の３つの水路形成パネル１４のそれぞれの溝１６は川部１０ａの一部をなす。最も下流側に位置する水路形成パネル１４の溝１６は川部１０ａの一部と池部１０ｂとをなす。水路１０の平面形状はほぼ直線状である。水路１０は、最も下流側に位置する水路形成パネル１４を配置せずに上流側の３つの水路形成パネル１４で形成してもよい。   In the illustrated example, the water channel 10 includes a river part 10a and a pond part 10b that communicates with the river part 10a at the downstream end of the river part. Each groove 16 of the three upstream channel formation panels 14 forms part of the river part 10a. The groove 16 of the water channel forming panel 14 located on the most downstream side forms a part of the river part 10a and the pond part 10b. The planar shape of the water channel 10 is substantially linear. The water channel 10 may be formed by the three upstream water channel forming panels 14 without disposing the most downstream water channel forming panel 14.

ところで、各水路形成パネル１４の本体２０の上面１８が水平である場合、上流側の水路形成パネル１４の本体２０の厚さが下流側の水路形成パネル１４の本体２０の厚さより厚いため、植生層３６の土は、崩れ、低い方へ、すなわち水路１０の上流側から下流側に向けて移動する。これにより、上流側の水路形成パネル１４上で植生層３６の土が不足するという問題が生じる。上流側の３つの水路形成パネル１４のそれぞれにおいて本体２０の上面１８が、本体２０の一端部２２から他端部２４に向けて本体２０の厚さが漸増するように傾斜していることにより、植生層３６の土が水路１０の上流側から下流側へ移動するのを防止することができる。   By the way, when the upper surface 18 of the main body 20 of each water channel forming panel 14 is horizontal, the thickness of the main body 20 of the upstream water channel forming panel 14 is thicker than the thickness of the main body 20 of the downstream water channel forming panel 14. The soil of the layer 36 collapses and moves to the lower side, that is, from the upstream side to the downstream side of the water channel 10. Thereby, the problem that the soil of the vegetation layer 36 runs short on the upstream water channel formation panel 14 arises. In each of the upstream three water channel forming panels 14, the upper surface 18 of the main body 20 is inclined so that the thickness of the main body 20 gradually increases from one end 22 to the other end 24 of the main body 20. The soil of the vegetation layer 36 can be prevented from moving from the upstream side to the downstream side of the water channel 10.

また、本体２０の一端部２２から他端部２４に向けて本体２０の厚さが漸増するように傾斜していることにより、散水、降雨等により植生層３６に供給された水が水路１０の上流側から下流側へ流れるのを妨げ、前記水を本体２０上に溜めることができる。これにより、植生層３６は、本体２０上に溜まった水を吸収して植物の生育に必要な水分を確保することができる。   Further, since the thickness of the main body 20 is inclined from the one end portion 22 to the other end portion 24 of the main body 20, the water supplied to the vegetation layer 36 by watering, raining, etc. The water can be prevented from flowing from the upstream side to the downstream side, and the water can be stored on the main body 20. Thereby, the vegetation layer 36 can ensure the water | moisture content required for the growth of a plant by absorbing the water collected on the main body 20. FIG.

本体２０は発泡スチロールからなる。これにより屋上緑化用人工地盤１２の軽量化を図ることができ、屋上２６に作用する積載荷重を低減することができる。また、発泡スチロールが外部の熱を遮断するため、屋上緑化用人工地盤１２が設けられた建物内での冷暖房の使用を抑制することができる。さらに、再生した発泡スチロールで本体２０を作ることにより資源の有効利用を図ることができる。   The main body 20 is made of expanded polystyrene. Thereby, weight reduction of the artificial ground 12 for rooftop greening can be achieved, and the loading load which acts on the rooftop 26 can be reduced. Moreover, since a polystyrene foam cuts off external heat, use of the air conditioning in the building in which the artificial ground 12 for rooftop greening was provided can be suppressed. Furthermore, the resource can be effectively used by making the main body 20 from the regenerated expanded polystyrene.

本体２０を製作するとき、まず、予め定められた本体２０の厚さより厚い発泡スチロールの板状体を用意し、該板状体の上面に溝１６を成形する。溝１６の成形は、前記板状体の上面を溝状に切り取ることによるものでもよいし、発泡スチロールの成型によるものでもよい。その後、前記板状体の厚さが予め定められた本体２０の厚さと等しくなるように前記板状体の下部を切断する。これにより、任意の厚さを有する本体２０を比較的容易に作ることができ、屋上緑化用人工地盤１２をより効率的に施工することができる。本体２０の製作は、予め定められた本体２０の厚さより薄い発泡スチロールの板状体に溝１６を成形し、全体の厚さが、予め定められた本体２０の厚さと等しくなるように前記板状体の下面に他の発泡スチロールの板状体を重ね合わせることによるものでもよい。また、本体２０の製作は、予め定められた本体２０の厚さと同じ厚さを有する発泡スチロールの板状体の上面に溝１６を成形することによるものでもよい。本体２０は、発泡スチロールからなる上記の例に代え、軽石の成型品でもよい。   When manufacturing the main body 20, first, a styrofoam plate-like body thicker than a predetermined thickness of the main body 20 is prepared, and the grooves 16 are formed on the upper surface of the plate-like body. The groove 16 may be formed by cutting the upper surface of the plate-like body into a groove shape, or may be formed by foamed polystyrene. Thereafter, the lower portion of the plate-like body is cut so that the thickness of the plate-like body becomes equal to the predetermined thickness of the main body 20. Thereby, the main body 20 which has arbitrary thickness can be made comparatively easily, and the artificial ground 12 for rooftop greening can be constructed more efficiently. The main body 20 is manufactured by forming the groove 16 in a foamed polystyrene plate that is thinner than a predetermined thickness of the main body 20, so that the entire thickness is equal to the predetermined thickness of the main body 20. It is also possible to superimpose another expanded polystyrene plate on the lower surface of the body. The main body 20 may be manufactured by forming the groove 16 on the upper surface of a foamed polystyrene plate having the same thickness as the predetermined main body 20. The main body 20 may be a molded product of pumice instead of the above example made of polystyrene foam.

水路形成パネル１４の本体２０の寸法は、例えば、幅が約１０００ｍｍ、長さが約２０００ｍｍ、高さが約１００ｍｍないし約８００ｍｍである。上流側の水路形成パネル１４の本体２０と下流側の水路形成パネル１４の本体２０とは、接着剤、特開２００５−１６０３６号公報に記載された緊結具等により結合されている。   The dimensions of the main body 20 of the water channel forming panel 14 are, for example, a width of about 1000 mm, a length of about 2000 mm, and a height of about 100 mm to about 800 mm. The main body 20 of the upstream water channel forming panel 14 and the main body 20 of the downstream water channel forming panel 14 are joined by an adhesive, a fastener described in JP-A-2005-16036, or the like.

植生層３６で植物を生育させる。植生層３６の上面４４は、該上面から屋上２６までの距離が上流側から下流側に向けて漸減するように傾斜している。植生層３６は土からなる。前記土は、屋上２６に作用する積載荷重を低減するために人工軽量土壌であることが望ましい。植生層３６には散水、降雨等により植物の生育に必要な水が供給される。非透水性シート３４は、植生層３６に供給された水が屋上２６へ漏れるのを防止する。   Plants are grown in the vegetation layer 36. The upper surface 44 of the vegetation layer 36 is inclined so that the distance from the upper surface to the rooftop 26 gradually decreases from the upstream side to the downstream side. The vegetation layer 36 is made of soil. The soil is preferably artificial lightweight soil in order to reduce the load load acting on the rooftop 26. The vegetation layer 36 is supplied with water necessary for plant growth by watering, raining, or the like. The water-impermeable sheet 34 prevents water supplied to the vegetation layer 36 from leaking to the rooftop 26.

図示の例では、屋上緑化用人工地盤１２は、非透水性シート３４と植生層３６との間に透水層４０を備える。植生層３６に供給された水は透水層４０を経て植生層３６から排出される。これにより、植生層３６の余分な水を効率よく排出することができ、植生層３６で生育する植物の根腐れを防止することができる。透水層４０は、パーライト、発泡ガラス等の多孔質材料からなる。   In the illustrated example, the rooftop greening artificial ground 12 includes a water permeable layer 40 between the water-impermeable sheet 34 and the vegetation layer 36. The water supplied to the vegetation layer 36 is discharged from the vegetation layer 36 through the water permeable layer 40. Thereby, the excess water of the vegetation layer 36 can be discharged | emitted efficiently, and the root rot of the plant growing in the vegetation layer 36 can be prevented. The water permeable layer 40 is made of a porous material such as pearlite or foamed glass.

屋上緑化用人工地盤１２は、水路１０内に配置された濾過層４２を備える。濾過層４２は水路１０の水を濾過して浄化する。水路１０の水を浄化することは、植物、魚貝、昆虫等の成育、特にホタルの成育にとって重要である。濾過層４２は、発泡ガラス、多孔質セラミックス、発泡金属、発泡ウレタン、軽石、ゼオライト等のような多孔質材料からなるのが望ましい。多孔質材料は、内部に無数の微細な孔を有するため、水質汚濁の原因となる有機物又は窒素、リン等の栄養塩類を効率よく吸着する。また、前記微細な孔には微生物が付着しやすいため、該微生物の働きによって水を浄化することもできる。   The rooftop greening artificial ground 12 includes a filtration layer 42 disposed in the water channel 10. The filtration layer 42 filters and purifies the water in the water channel 10. Purifying the water in the water channel 10 is important for the growth of plants, fish shells, insects, etc., especially for the growth of fireflies. The filtration layer 42 is preferably made of a porous material such as foam glass, porous ceramics, foam metal, foam urethane, pumice, zeolite, or the like. Since the porous material has innumerable fine pores therein, it efficiently adsorbs organic substances that cause water pollution or nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus. Further, since microorganisms are likely to adhere to the fine pores, water can be purified by the action of the microorganisms.

屋上緑化用人工地盤１２は、水路１０の下流部、すなわち池部１０ｂの水を水路１０の上流部、すなわち川部１０ａの上流側の端部１０ｃへ送る配管４６を備える。池部１０ｂと連通する水槽（図示せず）に池部１０ｂの水を汲み上げるポンプ（図示せず）が配置されており、配管４６は、一端部が前記ポンプに接続され、また他端部が川部１０ａの上流側の端部１０ｃに接続されている。前記ポンプを運転することにより、水路１０の水を循環させることができる。   The artificial green ground 12 for rooftop greening includes a pipe 46 that sends the water in the downstream portion of the water channel 10, that is, the pond portion 10b, to the upstream portion of the water channel 10, that is, the upstream end portion 10c of the river portion 10a. A pump (not shown) for pumping the water of the pond part 10b is disposed in a water tank (not shown) communicating with the pond part 10b, and one end of the pipe 46 is connected to the pump, and the other end is a river part. 10a is connected to the upstream end 10c. By operating the pump, the water in the water channel 10 can be circulated.

屋上緑化用人工地盤１２を施工するとき、まず、水路１０を形成するように屋上２６に複数の水路形成パネル１４を互いに隣接して配置する。次に、複数の水路形成パネル１４上に非透水性シート３４を配置する。その後、非透水性シート３４上に透水層４０を設け、透水層４０上に植生層３６を設ける。   When constructing the artificial ground 12 for greening the roof, first, a plurality of water channel forming panels 14 are arranged adjacent to each other on the roof 26 so as to form the water channel 10. Next, the water-impermeable sheet 34 is disposed on the plurality of water channel forming panels 14. Thereafter, the water permeable layer 40 is provided on the water-impermeable sheet 34, and the vegetation layer 36 is provided on the water permeable layer 40.

このように、水路１０の形成は、それぞれに水路１０の一部をなす溝１６が予め設けられた複数の水路形成パネル１４を互いに隣接して配置することにより行う。よって、従来の屋上緑化用人工地盤と違い、水路をなす溝を植生層に設ける必要がない。このため、水路の形成をより効率的に行うことができる。   As described above, the water channel 10 is formed by arranging a plurality of water channel forming panels 14 each provided with a groove 16 that forms a part of the water channel 10 in advance adjacent to each other. Therefore, unlike the conventional artificial ground for rooftop greening, it is not necessary to provide the vegetation layer with a groove that forms a water channel. For this reason, a water channel can be formed more efficiently.

また、上流側の水路形成パネル１４の本体２０の厚さが下流側の水路形成パネル１４の本体２０の厚さより厚いため、植生層３６を設けるとき、各水路形成パネル１４上の植生層３６の厚さを変化させる必要がない。このため、比較的容易に植生層３６を設けることができる。   Moreover, since the thickness of the main body 20 of the upstream water channel forming panel 14 is thicker than the thickness of the main body 20 of the downstream water channel forming panel 14, when the vegetation layer 36 is provided, the vegetation layer 36 on each water channel forming panel 14 There is no need to change the thickness. For this reason, the vegetation layer 36 can be provided comparatively easily.

図２に示す例では、上流側の３つの水路形成パネル１４のそれぞれは、本体２０のみからなる図１に示した例に代え、本体２０と、該本体の他端部２４で上面１８から突出する土留め壁４８とを有する。上流側の水路形成パネル１４の本体２０の他端部２４は下流側の水路形成パネル１４の本体２０の一端部２２に隣接しており、上流側の水路形成パネル１４の本体２０の厚さは下流側の水路形成パネル１４の本体２０の厚さより厚い。   In the example shown in FIG. 2, each of the upstream three water channel forming panels 14 projects from the upper surface 18 at the main body 20 and the other end 24 of the main body instead of the example shown in FIG. And a retaining wall 48. The other end 24 of the main body 20 of the upstream water channel forming panel 14 is adjacent to one end 22 of the main body 20 of the downstream water channel forming panel 14, and the thickness of the main body 20 of the upstream water channel forming panel 14 is It is thicker than the thickness of the main body 20 of the downstream water channel forming panel 14.

土留め壁４８は、本体２０と一体で形成された突起からなる。土留め壁４８の断面形状は矩形であるが、これに代えて三角形、台形等でもよい。土留め壁４８は、突起からなる図示の例に代え、本体２０に取り付けられた部材からなるものでもよい。   The earth retaining wall 48 includes a protrusion formed integrally with the main body 20. The cross-sectional shape of the earth retaining wall 48 is a rectangle, but it may be a triangle or a trapezoid instead. The earth retaining wall 48 may be formed of a member attached to the main body 20 instead of the illustrated example of the protrusion.

土留め壁４８は、植生層３６の土が水路１０の上流側から下流側へ移動するのを防止する。このため、上流側の水路形成パネル１４上で植生層３６の土が不足するという問題は生じない。また、土留め壁４８は、散水、降雨等により植生層３６に供給された水が水路１０の上流側から下流側へ流れるのを妨げる。これにより、前記水を本体２０上に溜めることができ、植生層３６は、本体２０上に溜まった水を吸収して植物の生育に必要な水分を確保することができる。   The earth retaining wall 48 prevents the soil of the vegetation layer 36 from moving from the upstream side to the downstream side of the water channel 10. For this reason, the problem that the soil of the vegetation layer 36 runs short on the upstream water channel formation panel 14 does not arise. In addition, the earth retaining wall 48 prevents water supplied to the vegetation layer 36 from watering, raining, or the like from flowing from the upstream side to the downstream side of the water channel 10. Thereby, the said water can be stored on the main body 20, and the vegetation layer 36 can absorb the water collected on the main body 20, and can ensure the water | moisture content required for plant growth.

水路形成パネル１４は、図３ないし５に示すように、溝１６の平面形状が互いに異なる第１の水路形成パネル１４ａ、第２の水路形成パネル１４ｂ及び第３の水路形成パネル１４ｃを含む。   As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the water channel forming panel 14 includes a first water channel forming panel 14a, a second water channel forming panel 14b, and a third water channel forming panel 14c in which the planar shapes of the grooves 16 are different from each other.

第１の水路形成パネル１４ａにおいて、本体２０ａは相対する一端部２２ａ及び他端部２４ａを有し、溝１６ａの一端部２８ａは本体２０ａの一端部２２ａで開放され、また溝１６ａの他端部３０ａは本体２０ａの他端部２４ａで開放され、溝１６ａの平面形状は直線状である（図３）。図示の例では、第１の水路形成パネル１４ａは、本体２０ａの他端部２４ａで上面１８ａから突出する土留め壁４８ａを有する。第１の水路形成パネル１４ａは、本体２０ａの上面１８ａが、本体２０ａの一端部２２ａから他端部２４ａに向けて本体２０ａの厚さが漸増するように傾斜し、土留め壁４８ａを有しないものでもよい。   In the first water channel forming panel 14a, the main body 20a has one end 22a and the other end 24a facing each other, one end 28a of the groove 16a is opened at one end 22a of the main body 20a, and the other end of the groove 16a. 30a is opened at the other end 24a of the main body 20a, and the planar shape of the groove 16a is linear (FIG. 3). In the illustrated example, the first water channel forming panel 14a has a retaining wall 48a protruding from the upper surface 18a at the other end 24a of the main body 20a. In the first water channel forming panel 14a, the upper surface 18a of the main body 20a is inclined so that the thickness of the main body 20a gradually increases from one end 22a to the other end 24a of the main body 20a, and does not have the retaining wall 48a. It may be a thing.

第２の水路形成パネル１４ｂにおいて、本体２０ｂは隣接する一端部２２ｂ及び他端部２４ｂを有し、溝１６ｂの一端部２８ｂは本体２０ｂの一端部２２ｂで開放され、また溝１６ｂの他端部３０ｂは本体２０ｂの他端部２４ｂで開放され、溝１６ｂの平面形状は曲線状である（図４）。図示の例では、第２の水路形成パネル１４ｂは、本体２０ｂの一端部２２ｂ又は他端部２４ｂで上面１８ｂから突出する土留め壁４８ｂとを有する。第２の水路形成パネル１４ｂは、本体２０ｂの上面１８ｂが、本体２０ｂの一端部２２ｂから他端部２４ｂに向けて又は他端部２４ｂから一端部２２ｂに向けて本体２０ｂの厚さが漸増するように傾斜し、土留め壁４８ｂを有しないものでもよい。   In the second water channel forming panel 14b, the main body 20b has adjacent one end 22b and the other end 24b, one end 28b of the groove 16b is opened at one end 22b of the main body 20b, and the other end of the groove 16b. 30b is opened at the other end 24b of the main body 20b, and the planar shape of the groove 16b is curved (FIG. 4). In the illustrated example, the second water channel forming panel 14b has a retaining wall 48b protruding from the upper surface 18b at one end 22b or the other end 24b of the main body 20b. In the second water channel forming panel 14b, the upper surface 18b of the main body 20b gradually increases in thickness from the one end 22b of the main body 20b toward the other end 24b or from the other end 24b toward the one end 22b. It may be so inclined that it does not have the retaining wall 48b.

第３の水路形成パネル１４ｃにおいて、溝１６ｃの一端部２８ｃは本体２０ｃの端部２２ｃで開放され、また溝１６ｃの他端部３０ｃは、本体２０ｃの端部で開放されておらず、円形状の平面形状を有する（図５）。   In the third water channel forming panel 14c, one end portion 28c of the groove 16c is opened at the end portion 22c of the main body 20c, and the other end portion 30c of the groove 16c is not opened at the end portion of the main body 20c. (Fig. 5).

図６に示す例では、水路１０は、１つの第１の水路形成パネル１４ａと、４つの第２の水路形成パネル１４ｂと、２つの第３の水路形成パネル１４ｃとを組み合わせて形成されている。１つの第１の水路形成パネル１４ａ、４つの第２の水路形成パネル１４ｂ及び２つの第３の水路形成パネル１４ｃは、水路１０の上流側（図面右上方）から下流側（図面左下方）に向けて、第３の水路形成パネル１４ｃ、第２の水路形成パネル１４ｂ、第２の水路形成パネル１４ｂ、第２の水路形成パネル１４ｂ、第１の水路形成パネル１４ａ、第２の水路形成パネル１４ｂ、第３の水路形成パネル１４ｃの順に並んでいる。水路１０の平面形状及び長さは、任意の数の第１の水路形成パネル１４ａ、第２の水路形成パネル１４ｂ及び第３の水路形成パネル１４ｃを任意に組み合わせることにより、変更することができる。   In the example shown in FIG. 6, the water channel 10 is formed by combining one first water channel forming panel 14 a, four second water channel forming panels 14 b, and two third water channel forming panels 14 c. . One first water channel forming panel 14a, four second water channel forming panels 14b, and two third water channel forming panels 14c are arranged from the upstream side (upper right in the drawing) to the downstream side (lower left in the drawing) of the water channel 10. The third water channel forming panel 14c, the second water channel forming panel 14b, the second water channel forming panel 14b, the second water channel forming panel 14b, the first water channel forming panel 14a, and the second water channel forming panel 14b. Are arranged in the order of the third water channel forming panel 14c. The planar shape and length of the water channel 10 can be changed by arbitrarily combining any number of the first water channel forming panel 14a, the second water channel forming panel 14b, and the third water channel forming panel 14c.

第１の水路形成パネル１４ａ、第２の水路形成パネル１４ｂ及び第３の水路形成パネル１４ｃの周囲に、水路１０をなす溝１６を有しない９個の非水路形成パネル５０が配置されており、全体として矩形の屋上緑化用人工地盤１２が形成されている。非水路形成パネル５０は、任意の数に変更してもよいし、配置しなくてもよい。   Around the first water channel forming panel 14a, the second water channel forming panel 14b and the third water channel forming panel 14c, nine non-water channel forming panels 50 having no grooves 16 forming the water channel 10 are arranged, A rectangular artificial ground 12 for rooftop greening is formed as a whole. The non-water channel forming panel 50 may be changed to an arbitrary number or may not be arranged.

本発明の第１実施例に係る、水路を有する屋上緑化用人工地盤の縦断面図。The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the artificial ground for rooftop greening which has a water channel based on 1st Example of this invention. 本発明の第２実施例に係る、水路を有する屋上緑化用人工地盤の縦断面図。The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the artificial ground for rooftop greening which has a waterway based on 2nd Example of this invention. 本発明の第１実施例に係る、水路形成パネルの平面図。The top view of the water channel formation panel based on 1st Example of this invention. 本発明の第２実施例に係る、水路形成パネルの平面図。The top view of the water channel formation panel based on 2nd Example of this invention. 本発明の第３実施例に係る、水路形成パネルの平面図。The top view of the water channel formation panel based on 3rd Example of this invention. 本発明の第３実施例に係る、水路を有する屋上緑化用人工地盤の平面図。The top view of the artificial ground for rooftop greening which has a water channel based on 3rd Example of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０ 水路
１２ 屋上緑化用人工地盤
１４ 水路形成パネル
１６ 溝
１８ 上面
２０ 本体
２２ 本体の一端部
２４ 本体の他端部
２８ 溝の一端部
３０ 溝の他端部
３２ 下面
３４ 非透水性シート
３６ 植生層
４８ 土留め壁 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Water channel 12 Artificial ground for rooftop greening 14 Water channel formation panel 16 Groove 18 Upper surface 20 Main body 22 One end part of main body 24 Other end part of main body 28 One end part of groove 30 Other end part of groove 32 Lower surface 34 Non-permeable sheet 36 Vegetation layer 48 Earth retaining wall

Claims (3)

水路を有する屋上緑化用人工地盤に用いる水路形成パネルであって、前記水路の一部をなす溝を上面に有する板状の本体からなり、前記溝の一端部は前記本体の一端部で開放され、また前記溝の他端部は前記本体の他端部で開放され、前記上面は前記本体の前記一端部から前記他端部に向けて前記本体の厚さが漸増するように傾斜している、水路形成パネル。   A water channel forming panel used for an artificial ground for rooftop greening having a water channel, comprising a plate-shaped main body having a groove forming a part of the water channel on an upper surface, wherein one end of the groove is opened at one end of the main body. The other end of the groove is opened at the other end of the main body, and the upper surface is inclined so that the thickness of the main body gradually increases from the one end of the main body toward the other end. , Water channel forming panels. 前記本体は発泡スチロールからなる、請求項１に記載の水路形成パネル。   The water channel forming panel according to claim 1, wherein the main body is made of polystyrene foam. 互いに隣接して配置され、水路を形成する複数の水路形成パネルであってそれぞれが前記水路の一部をなす溝を上面に有する板状の本体からなり、前記溝の一端部が前記本体の一端部で開放され、また前記溝の他端部が前記本体の他端部で開放され、前記上面が前記本体の前記一端部から前記他端部に向けて前記本体の厚さが漸増するように傾斜している複数の水路形成パネルを用いた屋上緑化用人工地盤であって、前記複数の水路形成パネル上に配置された非透水性シートと、該非透水性シート上の植生層とを含み、前記水路の上流側の水路形成パネルの前記本体の前記他端部は前記水路の下流側の水路形成パネルの前記本体の前記一端部に隣接しており、前記上流側の水路形成パネルの前記本体の前記一端部の厚さは前記下流側の水路形成パネルの前記本体の前記一端部の厚さより厚い、屋上緑化用人工地盤。   A plurality of water channel forming panels arranged adjacent to each other to form a water channel, each comprising a plate-like main body having a groove forming a part of the water channel on the upper surface, and one end of the groove is one end of the main body The other end of the groove is opened at the other end of the main body, and the upper surface gradually increases in thickness from the one end of the main body toward the other end. It is an artificial ground for rooftop greening using a plurality of sloping water channel forming panels, including a water-impermeable sheet disposed on the plurality of water channel forming panels, and a vegetation layer on the water-impermeable sheet, The other end of the main body of the water channel forming panel upstream of the water channel is adjacent to the one end of the main body of the water channel forming panel downstream of the water channel, and the main body of the upstream water channel forming panel. The thickness of the one end portion is the downstream channel shape Larger than the thickness of the end portion of the main body of the panel, a green roof for artificial ground.
JP2006241983A 2006-09-06 2006-09-06 Water channel forming panel capable of preventing movement of soil in vegetation layer and artificial ground for rooftop greening using the same Expired - Fee Related JP4818855B2 (en)

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JP3856681B2 (en) * 2001-10-12 2006-12-13 アーキヤマデ株式会社 Planting tray
JP2003250365A (en) * 2002-03-01 2003-09-09 Gurooben Kk Circulating water-sprinkling method, apparatus therefor and water-collecting plate
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