CN102630517B - Concrete water storage and retention type vegetation base material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Concrete water storage and retention type vegetation base material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102630517B CN102630517B CN2012101211778A CN201210121177A CN102630517B CN 102630517 B CN102630517 B CN 102630517B CN 2012101211778 A CN2012101211778 A CN 2012101211778A CN 201210121177 A CN201210121177 A CN 201210121177A CN 102630517 B CN102630517 B CN 102630517B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
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- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 title abstract 5
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- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
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- 229910003978 SiClx Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
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- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a concrete water storage and retention type vegetation base material and a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, continuously superposed round integrated holes are formed at the whole body of the vegetation base material; diameters of big holes are 2-15mm; small holes with the diameters of 0.5-3mm are bestrewed at the center and the periphery of each big hole; and holes are mutually communicated to ensure that internal pipelines and cumulative containers for water storage and water drainage for plant growth are formed. The concrete water storage and retention type vegetation base material disclosed by the invention is of a porous structure, longer in water retention time, suitable for long-term survival and growth of plants and capable of beautifying the cities, purifying the air and improving the environment and has the advantages that the water storage and retention rate is about 50% of self weight of the base material; strength and plasticity are endowed; living space conditions of the plants are satisfied; water and soil loss problem does not exist; the water storage and retention mechanism of the vegetation base material is also beneficial to increasing the humidity and purifying the environment; and the whole-body hole structure is adopted to ensure that the base material is capable of absorbing the sound and lowering the noise.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to urban environmental protection and the greening of diversity space, arid region greening technique field, relate to a kind of concrete system and hold water-retaining type vegetation base material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Along with the rapid expansion of city size and growing with each passing day of urban population, the Urban Ecological Problems closely bound up with people more and more comes into one's own, and the importance of urban afforestation progressively manifests.In the last few years, government department had put into effect many effective greening measures, rationally utilized unused broken ground, to improve the urban afforestation level.But city can be for tight tight again of land used of greening, and traditional plane greening mode is difficult to reach the requirement of urban afforestation amount, and therefore, vertical planting is as a kind of novel mode more and more welcomed by the people.
Vertical planting is a kind of new form that is different from the greening of soil, plane, by the multiple technologies means, allow the plant growths such as flowers and plants on vertical three-dimensional metope, at the facade of all kinds of buildings and structure, roof, underground and upper space, carry out multi-level, multi-functional greening and beautification, to improve the ecological construction activity of local climate and Ecosystem Service, expansion urban afforestation space, beautifying city view.In the past, vertical planting is mainly the plantation Climbing Plant, although Climbing Plant can be climbed up by holding on to directly above along wall or cylinder, takies floor area less, and this greening mode must have the cooperation of clay, is unsuitable for spread in Wei Zhude city, cement flooring.in the last few years, a kind of vertical greening wall that is comprised of installing rack and plant planting bag has appearred, installing rack is fixed on and is mounted on body of wall, the above is provided with hook, the outer cover that plant planting bag is made by nonwoven, therebetween is provided with the permeable work cloth of bilayer of nylon wire and makes, inside is provided with the plant planting bag of vegetative soil by being arranged on limit, the eyelet of offering on angle and middle part is suspended on installing rack, afterwards just can on your marks ground carry out planting plants, this vertical greening wall has overcome the trouble that must have the ground clay to coordinate in vertical greening in the past, has certain advance, but because one bag of plant planting bag can only be planted a plant, requirement is quite large, and be handspin and make product, afterwards also need to be at the upper eyelet of offering, not only cost of manufacture is high, and in use self easy damage, water and soil easily runs off, so useful working life is not long, be unfavorable for applying.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of concrete system for vertical planting to hold water-retaining type vegetation base material for solving above-mentioned the problems of the prior art, vegetation base material entire body multiple hole can hold Rong Shui and plant growth nutrient fluid, is the light concrete goods that can be applicable to the vegetation operation.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of concrete system is held water-retaining type vegetation base material, vegetation base material entire body forms the integrated hole of circle of continuous stack, the diameter 2mm-15mm of macroscopic void, the central authorities of each macroscopic void and be covered with the small holes of 0.5mm-3mm on every side, between each hole, being interconnected forms plant growth and carries out hydrophobic body interior conduit and the accumulation container of supporting of dredging of retaining.
Described vegetation base material is divided into from top to bottom moisture-holding cultivation body layer, plants living nutrition soil layer, retaining water conservation body layer; The upper surface of moisture-holding cultivation body layer is cultivated a bed surface for kind of bud, plants living nutrition soil layer content and has received and plant living Nutrition Soil.
This vegetation base material comprises following component:
80 parts of low alkali sulphate aluminium cements, 20 parts, volcanic rock, 30 parts, flyash, 3 parts of iron oxide, contain 80 parts, active free oxygen SiClx water, 3 parts, gelatine powder, 8 parts of water reducers, 1.5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol.
The pH value of this vegetation base material is more than or equal to 4, less than or equal to 9.
This vegetation base material unit volume porosity is more than 90%, and bulk density is 190 kilograms every cubic metre.
The preparation method of above-mentioned vegetation base material, comprise the steps:
Concrete lixiviating process for the first time
Dry powder is puddled: add 80 parts of low alkali sulphate aluminium cements, levigate 30 parts, 20 parts, volcanic rock, flyash, 3 parts of iron oxide, stirred 180 seconds;
Prefabricated liquid agitation: contain 80 parts, active free oxygen SiClx water, 3 parts, gelatine powder, 8 parts of water reducers, 1.5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, stirred 180 seconds;
The above-mentioned dry powder that is stirred and liquid are merged, stir after 240 seconds 0.03% the hydrogen peroxide that adds the total amount that feeds intake, stir and namely poured mould in 40 seconds, wait moulding;
Lixiviating immersion process for the second time
In type base material is cut apart, and the base material of having cut apart immerses 30% FeSO
4In solution, soaked 3 hours, take out dry;
Lixiviating modifying process for the third time
Prefabricated plant growth nutrient fluid is added and plants living Nutrition Soil, stir into the liquid that can eject, with the pneumatics injection method, plant growth nutrient fluid is injected in the base material hole, complete the implantation of base material nutritional agents;
Make moulding
By design model specification, serike rhizome length, rhizome thickness, base material is cut, kind of bud is cultivated to the aperture of bed surface and widen processing.
Advantage and good effect that the present invention has are:
Concrete system of the present invention is held water-retaining type vegetation base material, form loose structure, the retaining water retention is 50% left and right of base material deadweight, and the water conservation time is longer, and existing intensity has again plasticity, met the plant life steric requirements, there do not is the water and soil loss problem, be suitable for long-term surviving and the growth of plant, can beautifying city, purify air, improve environment.The retaining water conservation mechanism of vegetation base material also is conducive to increase humidity, environment purification.The entire body pore space structure can also sqouynd absorption lowering noise.The manufacturing process of base material is very simple, and mould and simple tool, as saw, bore, and plane etc. are namely plastic.Different from other vertical plantings is without any, holder, net, lining, the fringe costs such as nutrition bag, because the vegetation base material self possesses all planes and all three-dimensional greening factors, base material is removable interchangeable, and can be prefabricated, sliceable, can take block.This vegetation base material can be used for building levee slope, can also, when self water retention is maximum, swims in lake water and do the greening chinampa.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the perspective view that concrete system of the present invention is held water-retaining type vegetation base material;
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view along A-A line in Fig. 1.
Wherein:
1 kind of bud plantation bed surface 2 macroscopic void
3 small holes 4 moisture-holding cultivation body layers
5 plant living nutrition soil layer 6 retaining water conservation body layers
7 plant living Nutrition Soil.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, concrete system of the present invention being held to water-retaining type vegetation base material and preparation method thereof is elaborated.
Fig. 1 is the perspective view that concrete system of the present invention is held water-retaining type vegetation base material; Fig. 2 is the cutaway view along A-A line in Fig. 1.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, concrete system of the present invention is held water-retaining type vegetation base material entire body and is consisted of the integrated hole of the circle of continuous stack, and each relatively independent hole has water conservation, " plant room " function that root system of plant extends.The diameter 2mm-15mm of each macroscopic void 2, degree of depth 10mm-4mm.The central authorities of each macroscopic void and be covered with the small holes 3 of 0.5mm-3mm on every side, between each hole, being interconnected forms plant growth and carries out hydrophobic body interior conduit and the accumulation container of supporting of dredging of retaining.The pore size of small holes 3 is that the actual conditions such as maintenance levels and root system of plant design " by-pass cock " according to applying weather conditions on the spot, can be customized on production technology.The macroscopic void of vegetation base material is added with, and intermediate effect like small holes capillaceous, can absorb water as sponge in addition, accomplishes that water walks toward eminence.
The vegetation base material is divided into from top to bottom moisture-holding cultivation body layer 4, plants living nutrition soil layer 5, retaining water conservation body layer 6.The thickness of moisture-holding cultivation body layer 4 is 30mm-60mm, and the thickness of planting living nutrition soil layer 5 is 40mm-60mm, and the thickness of retaining water conservation body layer 6 is 40mm-60mm.The upper surface of moisture-holding cultivation body layer 4 is cultivated bed surface 1 for kind of bud, plants in living nutrition soil layer 5 to accommodate and plants living Nutrition Soil 7.The thickness of retaining water conservation body layer 6 can arrange according to actual needs, regulates the reservoir storage of base material, and the hole of retaining water conservation body layer 6 bottom can seal, thereby strengthens moisture-holding capacity, extends the water conservation time.
The volume of vegetation base material is: long 10cm-150cm, wide 10cm-100cm, thick 5cm-40cm.Can be according to water conservation phase length, design shape can cut arbitrarily.
Concrete system of the present invention is held water-retaining type vegetation base material, comprises following component: 80 parts of low alkali sulphate aluminium cements, and 20 parts, volcanic rock, 30 parts, flyash, 3 parts of iron oxide, contain 80 parts, active free oxygen SiClx water, 3 parts, gelatine powder, 8 parts of water reducers, 1.5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol.Wherein, water reducer is polycarboxylic-acid copolymer water reducer, and alkali-free is without chlorine, formaldehydeless.It is all inorganic matter that concrete system of the present invention is held water-retaining type vegetation base material ownership producing material matter, without any harmful substance and gas.
Plant the pH value of base material under living environment and answer suitable for plant existence, the pH value of vegetation base material can be set more than or equal to 4, less than or equal to 9 according to plant variety.The compression strength of vegetation base material is 0.9Mpa.
The unit volume porosity of vegetation base material is more than 90%, the retaining water retention is 50% left and right of base material deadweight, the water conservation time can be regulated by the hydrophobic hole of sealing or face, 10 cubic centimetres of base materials are at five closed pore 20 degree above freezing Celsius, sunlight scattering, 2 grades of wind-force, do not dose under the condition of any water conservation auxiliary material, 10 days water losses are 45% of water retention, particularly in the application of arid area, can greatly reduce the moisture evaporation of soil surface.
The integrated hole that the hole formation vertical and horizontal of vegetation base material are stacked, play a part filtered water when holding water conservation, water quality can reach callable water purification standard.Due to the loose structure of base material, bulk density is 190 kilograms every cubic metre, belongs to extremely light-duty cement products.
The preparation method of vegetation base material of the present invention, comprise the steps:
The first, raw material whipping process (be also concrete lixiviating process) for the first time:
1 dry powder is puddled: add 80 parts of low alkali sulphate aluminium cements, levigate 30 parts, 20 parts, volcanic rock, flyash, 3 parts of iron oxide, stirred 180 seconds.
2 prefabricated liquid agitation: contain 80 parts, active free oxygen SiClx water, 3 parts, gelatine powder, 8 parts of water reducers, 1.5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, stirred 180 seconds.
3 merge the above-mentioned dry powder that is stirred and liquid, stir after 240 seconds 0.03% the hydrogen peroxide that adds the total amount that feeds intake, and stir and namely pour mould in 40 seconds, wait moulding.The shape of mould and large I design as required.
The second, lixiviating immersion process for the second time:
In type base material is cut apart, and the base material of having cut apart immerses 30% FeSO
4In solution, soaked 3 hours, in and the alkaline matter that discharges in concrete, take out dry.
The 3rd, lixiviating modifying process for the third time:
Prefabricated plant growth nutrient fluid is added and plants living Nutrition Soil, stir into rarelyr by body, with the pneumatics injection method, plant growth nutrient fluid is injected in the base material hole, complete the implantation of base material nutritional agents.Plant growth nutrient fluid is boric acid powder 14g, manganese sulphate 10g, and ferrous sulfate 100g, add the water of 100L to mix.Plant living Nutrition Soil and contain 2 parts, mountain mud, 0.5 part of bentonite, 1 part of sward ash.
The 4th, make moulding
By design model specification, serike rhizome length, rhizome thickness, base material is cut, kind of bud is cultivated to the aperture of bed surface and widen processing.
Diversity, the arbitrariness that vegetation substrate body shape of the present invention is moulded breaks through existing cubical simple moulding fully, is the real magic square of rich space greening.The molder tool of base material is very simple, and mould and simple tool, as saw, bore, and plane etc. are namely plastic.Different from other vertical plantings is without any, holder, net, lining, the fringe costs such as nutrition bag, because the vegetation base material self possesses all planes and all three-dimensional greening factors, base material is removable interchangeable, and can be prefabricated, sliceable, can take block.This vegetation base material can be used for building levee slope, can also, when self water retention is maximum, swims in lake water and do the greening chinampa.
Vegetation base material of the present invention completing greening, beautify, in environment purification, the structure of entire body hole is also typical sound absorption and noise reduction material.
Claims (5)
1. a concrete system is held water-retaining type vegetation base material, it is characterized in that: this vegetation base material entire body forms the integrated hole of circle of continuous stack, the diameter 2mm-15mm of macroscopic void (2), the central authorities of each macroscopic void and be covered with the small holes (3) of 0.5mm-3mm on every side, between each hole, being interconnected forms plant growth and carries out the hydrophobic body interior conduit of supporting of dredging of retaining; This vegetation base material comprises following component: 80 parts of low alkali sulphate aluminium cements, and 20 parts, volcanic rock, 30 parts, flyash, 3 parts of iron oxide, contain 80 parts, active free oxygen SiClx water, 3 parts, gelatine powder, 8 parts of water reducers, 1.5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol.
2. concrete system according to claim 1 is held water-retaining type vegetation base material, it is characterized in that: the vegetation base material is divided into from top to bottom moisture-holding cultivation body layer (4), plants living nutrition soil layer (5), retaining water conservation body layer (6); The upper surface of moisture-holding cultivation body layer (4) is cultivated bed surface (1) for kind of bud, plants in living nutrition soil layer (5) to accommodate and plants living Nutrition Soil (7).
3. concrete system according to claim 1 is held water-retaining type vegetation base material, it is characterized in that: the pH value of this vegetation base material is more than or equal to 4, less than or equal to 9.
4. concrete system according to claim 1 is held water-retaining type vegetation base material, it is characterized in that: this vegetation base material unit volume porosity is more than 90%, and bulk density is 190 kilograms every cubic metre.
5. the preparation method of a vegetation base material claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the method comprises the steps:
Concrete lixiviating process for the first time
Dry powder is puddled: add 80 parts of low alkali sulphate aluminium cements, levigate 30 parts, 20 parts, volcanic rock, flyash, 3 parts of iron oxide, stirred 180 seconds;
Prefabricated liquid agitation: contain 80 parts, active free oxygen SiClx water, 3 parts, gelatine powder, 8 parts of water reducers, 1.5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, stirred 180 seconds;
The above-mentioned dry powder that is stirred and liquid are merged, stir after 240 seconds 0.03% the hydrogen peroxide that adds the total amount that feeds intake, stir and namely poured mould in 40 seconds, wait moulding;
Lixiviating immersion process for the second time
In type base material is cut apart, and the base material of having cut apart immerses 30% FeSO
4In solution, soaked 3 hours, take out dry;
Lixiviating modifying process for the third time
Prefabricated plant growth nutrient fluid is added and plants living Nutrition Soil, stir into the liquid that can eject, with the pneumatics injection method, plant growth nutrient fluid is injected in the base material hole, complete the implantation of base material nutritional agents;
Make moulding
By design model specification, serike rhizome length, rhizome thickness, base material is cut, kind of bud is cultivated to the aperture of bed surface and widen processing.
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| CN2012101211778A CN102630517B (en) | 2012-04-24 | 2012-04-24 | Concrete water storage and retention type vegetation base material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN107010905A (en) * | 2017-04-02 | 2017-08-04 | 天津市建筑科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of floatability cement base vegetation base material and preparation method |
| CN107087489B (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2020-03-17 | 天津市城市新海绵环保科技有限公司 | Concrete vegetation water purification base material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107027607B (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2020-04-10 | 济南大学 | Method for regreening bare mountain for quarrying stone |
| CN107197666B (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2020-02-07 | 济南大学 | Long-acting re-greening method for bare quarry |
| CN109320174B (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2021-04-09 | 泉州师范学院 | Greening concrete material with high-efficiency dirt-intercepting and rapid vegetation forming capabilities and application thereof |
| CN111003996B (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2022-03-04 | 天津市城市新海绵环保科技有限公司 | Application of copper tailing heap leaching waste residue, vegetation composite base material and preparation method |
| CN115136850A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-10-04 | 甘肃有色工程勘察设计研究有限公司 | High and steep loess slope greening method |
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| CN1568650A (en) * | 2004-04-30 | 2005-01-26 | 重庆交通科研设计院 | Recipe and structure of plant growing basis material of brae protection vegetation concrete |
| CN102079105A (en) * | 2010-11-11 | 2011-06-01 | 华南理工大学 | Preparation method of ecological embankment type porous concrete special for plant growing |
| CN202535804U (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2012-11-21 | 任小伟 | Concrete water retaining and maintaining vegetation base material |
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