JP4740543B2 - 使用権表現を処理する方法および装置 - Google Patents
使用権表現を処理する方法および装置 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
- G06F21/10—Protecting distributed programs or content, e.g. vending or licensing of copyrighted material ; Digital rights management [DRM]
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- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/08—Payment architectures
- G06Q20/12—Payment architectures specially adapted for electronic shopping systems
- G06Q20/123—Shopping for digital content
- G06Q20/1235—Shopping for digital content with control of digital rights management [DRM]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
- G06F21/10—Protecting distributed programs or content, e.g. vending or licensing of copyrighted material ; Digital rights management [DRM]
- G06F21/107—License processing; Key processing
- G06F21/1073—Conversion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G06Q40/00—Finance; Insurance; Tax strategies; Processing of corporate or income taxes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
- H04N21/254—Management at additional data server, e.g. shopping server, rights management server
- H04N21/2541—Rights Management
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
- H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
- H04N21/835—Generation of protective data, e.g. certificates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
- H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
- H04N21/835—Generation of protective data, e.g. certificates
- H04N21/8355—Generation of protective data, e.g. certificates involving usage data, e.g. number of copies or viewings allowed
- H04N21/83555—Generation of protective data, e.g. certificates involving usage data, e.g. number of copies or viewings allowed using a structured language for describing usage rules of the content, e.g. REL
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Description
<e1 />
<e2 ></e2>
<e3 name="elem3" id="elem3" />
</doc>
and
<doc>
<e1></e1>
<e2/>
<e3 id="elem3" name="elem3"></e3>
</doc>
上記のXMLエレメントの標準形式は、
<doc>
<e1></e1>
<e2></e2>
<e3 id="elem3" name="elem3"></e3>
</doc>
である。
第1の権利表現例
<license xmlns=http://www.xrml.org/schema/2001/xrml2core
xmlns:sx=http://www.xrml.org/schema/2001/11/xrml2sx
xmlns:dsig=http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#
xmlns:xsi=http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance
xmlns:cx=http://www.xrml.org/schema/2001/11/xrml2cx
xmlns:cm=http://www.xrml.org/schema/2001/11/xrml2compactMusic
>
<grant>
<cm:device cmid="123"/>
<cx:play/>
<cm:music cmid="456"/>
</grant>
<cm:issuerDevice>
<cm:device cmid="024"/>
</cm:issuerDevice>
</license>
第1の権利表現例に基いた、コンテクスト・テーブルを表1に示す。
01 03 04 202103123 05 22 06 232103456 09 24 00 202103024
ここで、
01 <license>
03 <grant>
04 principal [Processing instruction]
2021030123 <cm:device cmid="123"/>
05 right [Processing instruction]
22 <cx:play>
06 resource [Processing instruction]
232103456 <cm:music cmid="456"/>
09 issuer [Processing instruction]
24 <cm:issuerDevice>
00 next level
2021030024 <cm:device cmid="024"/>
XrMLベース形式の、在庫リストを含むライセンスの第2の権利表現によるコンテクスト・テーブル及びセマンティクス・テーブルを示す。
第2の権利表現例
<license xmlns=http://www.xrml.org/schema/2001/11/xrml2core
xmlns:sx=http://www.xrml.org/schema/2001/11/xrml2sx
xmlns:dsig=http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#
xmlns:xsi=http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance
xmlns:cx=http://www.xrml.org/schema/2001/11/xrml2cx
>
<inventory>
<cx:digitalWork licensePartId="dvdMovie">
<cx:metadata>
<xml>
<cx:simpleDigitalWorkMetadata>
<cx:title>Air Force One</cx:title>
</cx:simpleDigitalWorkMetadata>
</xml>
</cx:metadata>
</cx:digitalWork>
</inventory>
<grant>
<keyHolder>
<info>
<dsig:KeyValue>
<dsig:RSAKeyValue>
</dsig:RSAKeyValue>
</dsig:KeyValue>
</info>
</keyHolder>
<cx:play/>
<cx:digitalWork licensePartIDRef="dvdMovie"/>
</grant>
</license>
第2の権利表現のコンテクスト・テーブルを、表4として示す。
01 10 20 21 0022 0023 0024 00250313Air Force One 03 04 26 0027 0028 0029 05 30
06 12 20
ここで、
01 <license>
10 inventory definition [Processing instruction]
20 licensePartId="dvdMovie" <cx:digitalWork licensePartId="dvdMovie">
21 <cx:digitalWork>
0022 next level <cx:metaData>
0023 next level <xml>
0024 next level <cx:simpleDigitalWorkMetadata>
00250313Air Force One next level <cx:title>Air Force One</cx:title>
03 <grant>
04 principal [Processing instruction]
26 <keyHolder>
0027 <info>
0028 <dsig:KeyValue>
0029 <dsif:RSAKeyValue>
05 rights [Processing instruction]
30 <cx:play>
06 resource [Processing instruction]
12 reference to
20 dvdMovie
権利表現207から標準形式609による非曖昧権利表現を生成するのに標準化プロセス601を使用できる。曖昧という用語は、権利表現内のあるエレメントが、デフォルト値を有するかもしれないこと、あるいは、解釈を推定することのできる値を有するかもしれないことを意味する。例えば、権利表現内のレート・エレメントは、米国ドル(USD)をデフォルトとする属性CurrencyCodeを含んでもよい。すなわち、50米ドルのレートは、以下のように表現することができる。
上記のステートメントは、コンテクストが未知である場合には曖昧であるかもしれない。そのような曖昧さを除去するために、デフォルト値、推定値、及び、レート・エレメントを表現することのできる推定コンテクストを定めることができる。すなわち、上述の表現の非曖昧形式にレート・エレメントのための通貨属性を含ませて以下のように表現してもよい。
ローカライザ・プロセス201は、権利表現207を自己完結型フォーマット211に変換するのに使用される。変換には、一般的なバイナリ変換アルゴリズムを使用できる。図8A及び図8Bは、一般的なバイナリ変換アルゴリズムを説明するフローチャートである。
<SignatureInfo…>
<CanonicalizationMethod>…</CanonicalizationMethod>
<SignatureMethod>…</SignatureMethod>
<Reference URI="Reference to Right expression">
…
<DigestValue>…</DigestValue>
</Reference>
<Reference URI="Reference to Semantics doc">
…
<DigestValue>…</DigestValue>
</Reference>
</SignatureInfo>
<SignatureValue>…</SignatureValue>
</Signature>
上記の署名エンベロープにおいて、<SignatureInfo...>エレメントは、署名エンベロープ情報を含み、<Reference URI="Reference to Right expression">エレメントは、権利表現ドキュメントへのポインタ、権利表現ドキュメントのフィンガープリント及びハッシュ値を含み、<Reference URI="Reference to Semantics doc">エレメントは、セマンティクスドキュメントのポインタ、フィンガープリント及びハッシュ値を含み、<SignatureValue>...</SignatureValue>エレメントは、署名エンベロープの署名を含む。
<SignatureInfo…>
<CanonicalizationMethod>…</CanonicalizationMethod>
<SignatureMethod>…</SignatureMethod>
<Reference URI="…">
<Transform Algorithm="XrML Binary"/>
<DigestValue>…</DigestValue>
</Reference>
</SignatureInfo>
<SignatureValue>…</SignatureValue>
</Signature>
上記の署名エンベロープにおいて、<Reference URI="..">エレメントは、バイナリ・ドキュメントへのポインタ、バイナリ・ドキュメントのフィンガープリント及びハッシュ値を含み、<Transform Algorithm="XrML Binary"/>エレメントは、一般的なバイナリ変換アルゴリズムが使用されることを指示し、<SignatureValue>...</SignatureValue>エレメントは、バイナリ・ドキュメントの署名を含む。
第3の権利表現例
<license xmlns=http://www.xrml.org/schema/2001/11/xrml2core
xmlns:sx=http://www.xrml.org/schema/2001/11/xrml2sx
xmlns:dsig=http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#
xmlns:xsi=http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance
xmlns:cx=http://www.xrml.org/schema/2001/11/xrml2cx
xmlns:cm=http://www.xrml.org/schema/2001/11/xrml2compactMusic
>
<grant>
<cm:device cmid="123"/>
<cx:play/>
<cm:music cmid="456"/>
<sx:validityIntervalFloating>
<sx:stateReference>
<cm:intervalKeeper key="777">
<cm:device cmid="123"/>
</cm:intervalKeeper>
</sx:stateReference>
</sx:validityIntervalFloating>
</grant>
<cm:issuerDevice>
<cm:device cmid="024"/>
</cm:issuerDevice>
</license>
第3の権利表現例に基づいたセマンティクス・テーブルの例を表6として示す。
where,
01 <license>
02 <grant>
04 principal [processing instruction]
202103123 <cm:device cmid="123"/>
05 rights [processing instruction]
22 <cx:play>
06 resource [processing instruction]
232103456 <cm:music cmid="456"/>
08 condition
24 <sx:validityIntervalFloating>
0025 next level <sx:stateReference>
00262703777 next level <cm:intervalKeeper key="777">
09 issuer [processing instruction]
28 <cm:issuerDevice>
00202103024 next level <cm:device cmid="024"/>
セマンティクス・テーブルは、ターゲット・コンピューティング環境において、事前に構築され、定義され、事前に記憶されていてもよい。このように、行使可能フォーマットは、さらに評価されなければならない権利表現を含むが、必ずしもセマンティクス・テーブルを含まなくてもよい。
(2) Video("123456"),
(3) View(p,r),
(4) Principal(p),
(5) Video(r),
(6) Count(5).
しかしながら、ターゲット・コンピューティング環境は、以下のように記述されたデータ構造を使用するように構成されてもよい。
{
Rights: byte; //01:View, 02:Print…
Principal:char[20];
ConditionList;
}
ConditionList
{
Number of condition: 2 byte integer
{
ConditionID: 1 byte; //01 Flat Fee, 02 MaxCount
ConditionValue: 4 byte integer
}
}
また、権利表現は、トランスレータ・プロセス205によって、ターゲットであるPrologコンピューティング環境に向けて、以下のようなバイトストリームに変換してもよい。
バイナリ・フォーマットは、XrMLドキュメントの権利表現、及び、権利表現において使用されるエレメントのセマンティクスな意味を含んでもよい。バイナリ・フォーマットによる権利表現の構造は、ネイティブなXMLのようなXrMLドキュメント内の権利表現の構造に類似してもよい。
where,
"seq" ="type"|"specialType,"
"specialType" =[02|03]"length,""value,"
"length" =length of the "value" in bytes,
"value" =sequence of bytes,
"type" =id defined in the "pre-defined type table" except 02 and 03
上述の構造において、RE="seq"|["seq"]1...nは、権利表現がシーケンス"seq"、または、1つかまたはそれ以上のシーケンス群["seq"]1...nを含むことを示し、ここで、"seq"は"type"または"specialType"であり、"specialType"は予め定義されたタイプ・テーブルのタイプ02または03であり、"length"及び"value"を有し、ここで、"length"は、"value"のバイト単位での長さであり、"value"は、バイトのシーケンスであり、"type"は、予め定義されたタイプ・テーブルのIDであるが、属性及び値タイプであるID02及び03以外のものである。
<grant>
<cm:device cmid="123"/>
<cx:play/>
<cm:music cmid="456"/>
</grant>
<cm:issuerDevice>
<cm:device cmid="024"/>
</cm:issuerDevice>
</license>
そして、トランスレータ・プロセス205は、ライセンス中の変数が除去されたテンプレート、プロファイル、及び、それらに類似するものを装置特定フォーマット219として生成する。
<grant>
<cm:device cmid=""/>
<cx:play/>
<cm:music cmid=""/>
</grant>
<cm:issuerDevice>
<cm:device cmid=""/>
</cm:issuerDevice>
</license>
図1、図4、及び、図5に示されるデジタル権利管理システム装置及びサブシステムは、通信ネットワーク170を介して通信してもよく、また、開示された実施例の機能を実行することのできる何らかの適切なサーバ、ワークステーション、パーソナル・コンピュータ(PC)、ラップトップ・コンピュータ、PDA、インターネット機器、セット・トップ・ボックス、モデム、ハンドヘルド・デバイス、電話、携帯電話、無線装置、資源制約装置、または、その他の装置を含んでもよい。図1、図4、及び、図5に示されるデジタル権利管理システム装置及びサブシステムは、何らかの適切なプロトコルを用いて、互いに通信してもよく、また、汎用コンピュータ・システムを用いて実施されてもよい。何らかのインタフェース機構が、インターネット・アクセス、音声、モデムのような何らかの適切な形態を有するテレコミュニケーション、無線通信媒体を含む図1、図4、及び、図5に示されるデジタル権利管理システムにおいて使用されてもよい。通信ネットワーク170は、無線通信ネットワーク、セルラー通信ネットワーク、衛星通信ネットワーク、公衆交換電話網(PSTN)、パケット・データ・ネットワーク(PDN)、インターネット、イントラネット、ハイブリッド通信ネットワーク、それらを組み合わせたものを含んでもよい。さらに、通信ネットワーク170は、単一かまたは異なるネットワークであってもよい。
Claims (14)
- コンピュータ環境におけるアイテムの使用権または使用方法を規定する権利表現に基づいて該アイテムの使用を制御するシステムにおいて使用する該アイテムに関連する該権利表現を処理する方法であって、
文法ベース言語で記述された元々のフォーマットの権利表現を第1の装置によって特定し、
前記元々のフォーマットに関連するシンタックス情報及びセマンティクス情報の少なくとも一つに基づいて、前記権利表現の中間フォーマットを第2の装置によって生成する方法であって、前記中間フォーマットは、シンタックス情報及びセマンティクス情報を使用せずに前記コンピュータ環境上において実行可能な自己完結型フォーマットまたは前記コンピュータ環境上において実行されるべきでない条件が除去された単純化フォーマットを含む、方法。 - シンタックス情報またはセマンティクス情報を処理する能力を持たない、資源が制約されたコンピュータ環境による前記権利表現の行使に、前記中間フォーマットを使用する請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記中間フォーマットが、コンピュータ環境ごとに異なる装置特定フォーマットを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記自己完結型フォーマットが、行使可能フォーマットである前記権利表現のバイナリ表現を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記権利表現から、前記コンピュータ環境上で行使されるべきでない条件を除去することにより、前記自己完結型フォーマットを単純化フォーマットに変換することを含む、単純化プロセス、
をさらに含む請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記単純化プロセスが、
除去されない条件を、行使可能フォーマットであるバイナリ表現に変換する、ことを含む、請求項5に記載の方法。 - 前記装置特定フォーマットが、行使可能フォーマットである前記権利表現のバイナリ表現を含む、請求項3に記載の方法。
- コンピュータ環境におけるアイテムの使用権または使用方法を規定する権利表現に基づいて該アイテムの使用を制御するシステムにおいて使用する該アイテムに関連する該権利表現を処理するシステムであって、
文法ベース言語で記述された元々のフォーマットの権利表現を特定する手段と、
前記元々のフォーマットに関連するシンタックス情報及びセマンティクス情報の少なくとも一つに基づいて、前記権利表現の中間フォーマットを生成する手段と、
を備え、
前記中間フォーマットは、シンタックス情報及びセマンティクス情報を使用せずに前記コンピュータ環境上において実行可能な自己完結型フォーマットまたは前記コンピュータ環境上において実行されるべきでない条件が除去された単純化フォーマットを含む、システム。 - シンタックス情報又はセマンティクス情報を処理する能力を持たない資源が制約されたコンピュータ環境による前記権利表現の行使に、前記中間フォーマットを使用する請求項8に記載のシステム。
- 前記中間フォーマットが、コンピュータ環境ごとの装置特定フォーマットを含む、請求項8に記載のシステム。
- 前記自己完結型フォーマットが、行使可能フォーマットである前記権利表現のバイナリ表現を含む、請求項8に記載のシステム。
- 前記権利表現から、前記コンピュータ環境上で行使されるべきでない条件を除去することにより、前記自己完結型フォーマットを単純化フォーマットに変換することを含む、単純化プロセスを実行する手段、
をさらに含む、請求項8に記載のシステム。 - 前記単純化プロセスを実行する手段が、
除去されない条件を、行使可能フォーマットであるバイナリ表現に変換する手段、
を含む、請求項12に記載のシステム。 - 前記装置特定フォーマットが、行使可能フォーマットである前記権利表現のバイナリ表現を含む、請求項10に記載のシステム。
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