JP4722783B2 - Foundation reinforcement method for existing buildings - Google Patents

Foundation reinforcement method for existing buildings Download PDF

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JP4722783B2
JP4722783B2 JP2006183343A JP2006183343A JP4722783B2 JP 4722783 B2 JP4722783 B2 JP 4722783B2 JP 2006183343 A JP2006183343 A JP 2006183343A JP 2006183343 A JP2006183343 A JP 2006183343A JP 4722783 B2 JP4722783 B2 JP 4722783B2
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pile
foundation
existing building
box culvert
ground
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英一 細田
憲一 平尾
一彦 和田
昭雄 椎名
修 武智
成樹 野村
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Takenaka Corp
Takenaka Civil Engineering and Construction Co Ltd
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Description

この発明は、べた基礎等の直接基礎構造、或いは杭基礎構造等より成る既存建物の基礎(以下適宜、既存建物の基礎と総称する。)を、支持杭又は摩擦杭を新設、或いは増設して補強する、既存建物の基礎補強工法の技術分野に属し、更に言えば、既存建物を稼働させつつ(居ながらにして)、既存建物の基礎を補強する既存建物の基礎補強工法に関する。   In the present invention, a foundation of an existing building composed of a direct foundation structure such as a solid foundation or a pile foundation structure (hereinafter, appropriately referred to as a foundation of an existing building), a support pile or a friction pile is newly installed or added. The present invention belongs to the technical field of reinforcing the foundation of existing buildings, and more specifically, relates to a foundation reinforcing method of an existing building that reinforces the foundation of the existing building while operating the existing building (while living).

近年の都市再開発、規制緩和等に伴い、建物面積の増床や用途変更等による需要がある中で、既存建物の基礎で支持できる重量の許容限度を超える虞があり、増築計画が難航するケースがある。   Cases where expansion plans are difficult due to the possibility of exceeding the allowable weight limit that can be supported by the foundations of existing buildings in response to recent urban redevelopment, deregulation, etc. There is.

この問題を解消するには、既存建物の建物底面に支持杭、或いは摩擦杭を新設、或いは増設して補強すること、具体的に、例えば直接基礎構造による構造形式を杭基礎構造、或いはパイルドラフト基礎構造に変更したり、杭基礎構造に支持杭を増設したりすることにより、既存建物の基礎を補強することが直接的、且つ効果的な方法であることは知られている。   In order to solve this problem, support piles or friction piles are newly installed or expanded on the bottom of the existing building, and concretely, for example, a direct foundation structure is changed to a pile foundation structure or a piled raft. It is known that reinforcing a foundation of an existing building by changing to a foundation structure or adding support piles to a pile foundation structure is a direct and effective method.

しかしながら、既存建物の建物底面(基礎底面)に支持杭、或いは摩擦杭を新設、或いは増設して補強する工法は、通常、既存建物の一部の取り壊しを伴う。既存建物をコンサート会場、ダンス会場、或いは大型スーパー等の商業施設として利用している場合には、営業補償や工事中の移転先の確保など種々の問題があり、取り壊しを伴う補強工事は敬遠されることが多い。   However, the construction method in which a support pile or a friction pile is newly installed or added to the bottom surface of the building (the bottom surface of the foundation) for reinforcement is usually accompanied by a part of the existing building being demolished. If an existing building is used as a commercial venue such as a concert venue, dance venue, or large supermarket, there are various problems such as business compensation and securing a relocation destination during construction, and reinforcement work that involves demolishing is avoided. Often.

そこで、既存建物を稼働させつつ、取り壊しを伴わないで、既存建物の建物底面に支持杭、或いは摩擦杭を新設、或いは増設して補強すること、具体的には、直接基礎構造による構造形式を杭基礎構造、或いはパイルドラフト基礎構造に変更したり、杭基礎構造に支持杭を増設したりすることにより、既存建物の直接を安全、且つ確実に補強する技術が必要となり、近年その社会的要求が高まっている。   Therefore, it is necessary to reinforce the existing building by using a new or additional support pile or friction pile on the bottom of the building without any demolition. By changing to a pile foundation structure or piled raft foundation structure, or by adding support piles to the pile foundation structure, technology to reinforce the existing building directly and safely has become necessary. Is growing.

特許文献1には、既設基礎1に上下方向の貫通孔4aを穿設し、この貫通孔4aを用いて水ジェットで地盤を切削して泥水状態とし、袋15をロッドとともに挿入し、該袋15の中にセメントミルク、モルタルあるいはコンクリート等を充填して広げ、袋15で覆われた円柱状の地盤改良体3を造成することを特徴とする既設基礎直下の場所打ち杭構築工法が開示されている(請求項1、図1参照)。この技術によると、既存の基礎直下で、基礎の面積を広げることなく、また、基礎を撤去することなく基礎の支持力、耐力、水平変形性能を向上させることができ、また、既設建物の上載荷重を増加でき、耐震性能を向上させることもできる(発明の効果の項を参照)。   In Patent Document 1, a vertical through-hole 4a is formed in an existing base 1, and the ground is cut with a water jet using the through-hole 4a to make a muddy water state, and a bag 15 is inserted together with a rod. 15, a cast-in-place pile construction method directly under an existing foundation is disclosed, in which cement milk, mortar, concrete, or the like is filled and spread to form a cylindrical ground improvement body 3 covered with a bag 15. (See claim 1, FIG. 1). According to this technology, it is possible to improve the supporting capacity, proof stress, and horizontal deformation performance of the foundation directly under the existing foundation without increasing the area of the foundation and without removing the foundation. The load can be increased and the seismic performance can be improved (see the section of the effect of the invention).

特許文献2には、既存建物1の下方の地盤Gに、杭4を、その杭頭5が、既存建物1の底版3より所定寸法下方に位置するように構築するとともに、該構築時に、杭頭5に対して、柱材(構真柱)を、杭頭5上面から既存建物1の底版3に至る位置にまで突出させた状態で埋設しておき、既存建物1の底版3と柱材の上端とを一体的に接合し、既存建物1の側方および下方の地盤Gを掘削し、既存建物1の底版3の下方に、基礎スラブ6を、底版3と離間させた状態で構築し、基礎スラブ6と底版3との間に免震装置7を介装し、しかる後に、前記柱材のうち、既存建物1の底版3と基礎スラブ6との間に位置する部分を撤去することを特徴とする既存建物の免震化工法が開示されている(請求項1参照)。この技術によると、免震装置を取り付ける際に既存建物を仮受けするにあたって、既存建物の下方に杭を先行構築するとともに、既存建物と杭とを柱材を介して一体化するようにしたため、地盤を掘削する以前に杭から柱材を介して既存建物を支持することができる等々の効果がある(発明の効果の項を参照)。   In Patent Document 2, the pile 4 is constructed on the ground G below the existing building 1 such that the pile head 5 is positioned below the bottom plate 3 of the existing building 1 by a predetermined dimension. A column material (construction column) is embedded in the head 5 so as to protrude from the upper surface of the pile head 5 to the bottom plate 3 of the existing building 1, and the bottom plate 3 and the column material of the existing building 1 are buried. The base slab 6 is constructed in a state where the foundation slab 6 is separated from the bottom slab 3 below the bottom slab 3 of the existing building 1. The seismic isolation device 7 is interposed between the foundation slab 6 and the bottom slab 3, and thereafter, the portion of the pillar material located between the bottom slab 3 and the foundation slab 6 of the existing building 1 is removed. A seismic isolation method for an existing building is disclosed (see claim 1). According to this technology, when temporarily accepting an existing building when installing a seismic isolation device, a pile was built in advance under the existing building, and the existing building and the pile were integrated via a pillar. Before excavating the ground, it is possible to support an existing building from a pile through a pillar material (see the section of the effect of the invention).

特許文献3には、土間コンクリート床11を撤去することなくサポート15により支えて、基礎12に隣位した床下地盤を部分的に掘削・排除し、掘削後に基礎梁の補強を行って床下地盤の掘削を中央部に拡張しながら土間コンクリート床11を、その下側に配設した所定間隔ごとの受け鉄骨19により支持するとともに、基礎梁14を側面に打設したコンクリートにより補強し、しかる後、圧入した底盤補強用杭22により補強基礎梁14を仮受けして床下地盤の掘下げを基礎下地盤とともに行って、床下部分を免震化することを特徴とする既存建物の基礎下免震構法が開示されている(請求項1、図5参照)。この技術によると、免震化に際する土間コンクリート床の構造体化及び地中の基礎や梁の補強を、全て床下から行うことによって、居ながらの施工を可能とすることができる(段落[0007]を参照)。   In Patent Document 3, the concrete floor 11 is supported by a support 15 without removing it, and the floor foundation panel adjacent to the foundation 12 is partially excavated and removed, and the foundation beam is reinforced by reinforcing the foundation beam after excavation. While expanding the excavation to the center, the soil concrete floor 11 is supported by the receiving steel frames 19 arranged at a predetermined interval on the lower side, and the foundation beam 14 is reinforced by the concrete cast on the side surface. An under-base seismic isolation method for an existing building is characterized in that the reinforced foundation beam 14 is temporarily received by the press-fitted bottom-board reinforcing pile 22 and the floor base plate is dug down together with the base base plate to make the under-floor part seismic isolation. (See claim 1, FIG. 5). According to this technology, it is possible to construct the soil concrete floor for seismic isolation and to reinforce the foundations and beams in the ground from the bottom of the floor (paragraph [ 0007]).

特開平10−25737号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-25737 特開2000−282695号公報JP 2000-282695 A 特開2001−317217号公報JP 2001-317217 A

特許文献1に係る技術は、既存基礎を撤去することなく既存基礎直下に場所打ち杭を施工することにより当該既存基礎の補強を行い得る点が注目される。しかしながら、この技術は、図4〜図6等で明らかなように、補強工事を既存基礎上で大掛かりに行う必要があり、既存建物を稼働させつつ(居ながらにして)行うことは一切できない。   It is noted that the technology according to Patent Document 1 can reinforce the existing foundation by constructing a cast-in-place pile directly under the existing foundation without removing the existing foundation. However, as is apparent from FIGS. 4 to 6 and the like, this technique requires a large-scale reinforcement work on the existing foundation, and cannot be performed while the existing building is in operation (while it is still).

特許文献2に係る技術は、既存建物の下方の地盤に、杭を、その杭頭が、既存建物の底版より所定寸法下方に位置するように構築する点が注目される。しかしながら、この技術もまた、図3と図4で明らかなように、補強工事を既存基礎上で行う必要があり、既存建物を稼働させつつ(居ながらにして)行うことは一切できない。   The technique which concerns on patent document 2 attracts attention that the pile is constructed on the ground below the existing building so that the pile head is located below the bottom plate of the existing building by a predetermined dimension. However, as is apparent from FIGS. 3 and 4, this technique also requires reinforcement work on the existing foundation and cannot be performed while the existing building is in operation (while staying).

特許文献3に係る技術は、既存建物を稼働させつつ(居ながらにして)土間コンクリート床の下部の改築施工を進める点が注目される。しかしながら、この技術は、あくまでも土間コンクリート床を支持するに足る支持力を保有するべく、その下にサポート材を設けたり、基礎を補強しているに過ぎない。すなわち、この技術はせいぜい既存基礎に補強梁を施工したり免震化する施工しかできず、杭基礎構造、或いはパイルドラフト基礎に構造形式を変更するような大掛かりな工事には一切対応できない。   It is noted that the technique according to Patent Literature 3 advances the renovation work of the lower part of the soil concrete floor while keeping the existing building in operation (while living). However, this technique merely provides a support material underneath or reinforces the foundation so as to retain a supporting force sufficient to support the soil concrete floor. In other words, this technology can only be used to construct reinforcement beams on existing foundations or make them seismically isolated, and cannot handle large-scale constructions that change the structure type to pile foundation structures or piled raft foundations.

本発明の目的は、既存建物を稼働させつつ(居ながらにして)、既存建物の建物底面に支持杭、或いは摩擦杭を新設、或いは増設して補強すること、具体的には、直接基礎構造による構造形式を杭基礎構造、或いはパイルドラフト基礎構造に変更したり、杭基礎構造に支持杭を増設したりすることにより、安全、且つ確実に既存の直接基礎を補強することができる、既存建物の基礎補強工法を提供することである。   An object of the present invention is to reinforce a supporting pile or a friction pile on the bottom of a building of an existing building while operating the existing building (while staying), more specifically, a direct foundation structure Existing buildings that can safely and reliably reinforce existing direct foundations by changing the structure type to pile foundation structure or piled raft foundation structure or adding support piles to the pile foundation structure Is to provide a foundation reinforcement method.

上記課題を解決するための手段として、請求項1に記載した既存建物の基礎補強工法において、
既存建物の周辺地盤に竪坑を造成し、同竪坑を利用して既存建物直下の地盤中に、ボックスカルバートを水平方向に敷設する工程と、
前記ボックスカルバートにおける杭構築位置の底版を撤去し、その直下の地盤中に杭を構築すると共に、ボックスカルバートの天版と建物底面との間に支保工を建て、同部分の地盤を掘削し、前記杭の直上に位置するボックスカルバートの天版を撤去する工程と、
前記天版の撤去部を通じて前記杭の上端に前記建物底面を支持する支持手段を設ける工程とから成ることを特徴とする。
As a means for solving the above problems, in the foundation reinforcing method for the existing building according to claim 1,
A process of laying a box culvert in a horizontal direction in the ground directly under the existing building by creating a shaft in the ground around the existing building,
Remove the bottom slab of the pile construction position in the box culvert, build the pile in the ground directly below it, build a support between the top of the box culvert and the bottom of the building, excavate the ground of the same part, Removing the top plate of the box culvert located immediately above the pile;
And providing a support means for supporting the bottom of the building at the upper end of the pile through the removal part of the top plate.

請求項2に記載した発明は、請求項1に記載した既存建物の基礎補強工法において、前記杭は、支持杭、又は摩擦杭として構築することを特徴とする。   The invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that, in the foundation reinforcing method for an existing building described in claim 1, the pile is constructed as a support pile or a friction pile.

請求項3に記載した発明は、請求項1又は2に記載した既存建物の基礎補強工法において、前記杭の構築は、ボックスカルバートの直下の地盤中に掘削した孔へライナープレートを筒状に形成し順次下方部へ継ぎ足して掘削を進め、同ライナープレートの内側に杭用コンクリートを打設して構築することを特徴とする。   The invention described in claim 3 is the foundation reinforcing method of the existing building described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the pile is constructed by forming a liner plate into a hole excavated in the ground directly under the box culvert. The construction is characterized in that it is constructed by successively adding to the lower part and proceeding with excavation and placing concrete for piles inside the liner plate.

請求項4に記載した発明は、請求項1又は2に記載した既存建物の基礎補強工法において、前記杭の構築は、ボックスカルバートの直下の地盤中に短尺の鋼管杭を押し込み継ぎ足して構築することを特徴とする。   The invention described in claim 4 is the foundation reinforcing method of the existing building described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the pile is constructed by pushing a short steel pipe pile into the ground directly under the box culvert. It is characterized by.

請求項5に記載した発明は、請求項1〜4に記載した既存建物の基礎補強工法において、前記杭上端に設ける建物底面の支持手段は、新設柱、或いは新設柱と新設梁との組み合わせとすることを特徴とする。   The invention described in claim 5 is the foundation reinforcing method for an existing building described in claims 1 to 4, wherein the support means for the bottom of the building provided at the upper end of the pile is a new column or a combination of a new column and a new beam. It is characterized by doing.

請求項1〜請求項5に記載した既存建物の基礎補強工法によれば、直接基礎下の地盤中でのみ補強工事を行うことができるので、既存建物の取り壊しを一切伴うことなく、既存建物の建物底面に支持杭、或いは摩擦杭を新設、或いは増設して補強すること、具体的には、直接基礎構造による構造形式を杭基礎構造、或いはパイルドラフト基礎構造に変更したり、杭基礎構造に支持杭を増設したりすることにより、既存建物の基礎を補強することができる。よって、既存建物を稼働させつつ(居ながらにして)、補強工事を実施することができる。
建物の基礎直下の地盤の所定深度にボックスカルバートを水平方向に敷設することによりその上下で地盤を分断するので、当該ボックスカルバートを境にその上方部分と下方部分との工事をそれぞれ独立して安全に行うことができる。よって、施工性に優れている。また、当該基礎に支持された建物でも、地盤を乱さず、同等の支持力を確保しながら施工できるため、既存建物自体も健全な状態のまま安全、且つ確実に補強工事を行い得る。
その結果、上記補強工事により、既存建物の基礎底面(建物底面)に支持杭、或いは摩擦杭を新設、或いは増設して補強すると、構造物重量の許容限度を飛躍的に向上させることができるので、増築計画に係る問題を解消することができる。例えば、直接基礎構造の構造形式を杭基礎構造に変更した場合には、構造物重量の許容限度を飛躍的に向上させることができるので、増築計画に係る問題を解消することができる。また、直接基礎構造の構造形式をパイルドラフト基礎構造に変更した場合には、構造物重量の一部を摩擦杭が負担することとなるのでやはり、増築計画に係る問題も解消することができる。
According to the foundation reinforcement method of the existing building described in claims 1 to 5, since the reinforcement work can be performed only in the ground directly under the foundation, the existing building is not demolished at all. Support piles or friction piles are newly installed or expanded on the bottom of the building. Specifically, the structural form of the direct foundation structure is changed to a pile foundation structure or piled raft foundation structure, or a pile foundation structure is added. The foundation of an existing building can be reinforced by adding support piles. Therefore, it is possible to carry out the reinforcement work while operating the existing building (while staying).
By laying the box culvert horizontally at a predetermined depth of the ground directly under the foundation of the building, the ground is divided at the top and bottom of the box culvert, so the construction of the upper part and the lower part of the box culvert is independent and safe. Can be done. Therefore, it is excellent in workability. In addition, the building supported by the foundation can be constructed while ensuring the same supporting force without disturbing the ground, so that the existing building itself can be safely and reliably reinforced in a healthy state.
As a result, if a support pile or friction pile is newly installed or expanded on the foundation bottom (building bottom) of an existing building by the above reinforcement work, the allowable limit of the structure weight can be dramatically improved. Can solve the problems related to the extension plan. For example, when the structure type of the direct foundation structure is changed to the pile foundation structure, the allowable limit of the structure weight can be drastically improved, so that the problem related to the extension plan can be solved. Further, when the structure type of the direct foundation structure is changed to the piled raft foundation structure, the friction pile bears a part of the weight of the structure, so that the problem related to the extension plan can be solved.

本発明に係る既存建物の基礎補強工法は、上述した発明の効果を奏するべく、以下のように実施される。   The foundation reinforcing method for an existing building according to the present invention is implemented as follows in order to achieve the above-described effects.

図1〜図6は、請求項1に記載した発明に係る既存建物の基礎補強工法の工程を段階的に示している。この工法は、既存建物10の周辺地盤11に竪坑1を造成し、同竪坑1を利用して既存建物10直下の地盤11中(深さ位置D)に、ボックスカルバート3を水平方向に敷設する工程と(第一の工程)、
前記ボックスカルバート3における杭5を構築する位置の底版3aを撤去し、その直下の地盤11中に杭5を構築すると共に、ボックスカルバート3の天版3bと建物底面(基礎底面)2との間に支保工8を建て、同部分の地盤11を掘削し、前記杭5の直上に位置するボックスカルバート3の天版3bを撤去する工程と(第二の工程)、
前記天版3bの撤去部を通じて前記杭5の上端に、前記建物底面2を支持する支持手段6を設る工程と(第三の工程)と、から成る(請求項1記載の発明)。また、前記杭5は、支持杭、或いは摩擦杭として構築する(請求項2記載の発明)。
1-6 has shown the process of the foundation reinforcement construction method of the existing building based on the invention described in Claim 1 in steps. In this construction method, the shaft 1 is formed on the ground 11 around the existing building 10, and the box culvert 3 is laid horizontally in the ground 11 (depth position D) immediately below the existing building 10 using the shaft 1. Process (first process),
The bottom slab 3a at the position where the pile 5 is constructed in the box culvert 3 is removed, and the pile 5 is constructed in the ground 11 immediately below the bottom slab 3b, and between the top plate 3b of the box culvert 3 and the bottom of the building (base bottom) 2 And a step of excavating the ground 11 of the same part and removing the top plate 3b of the box culvert 3 located immediately above the pile 5 (second step),
And a step (third step) of providing support means 6 for supporting the building bottom surface 2 at the upper end of the pile 5 through the removed portion of the top plate 3b (the invention according to claim 1). Moreover, the said pile 5 is constructed | assembled as a support pile or a friction pile (invention of Claim 2).

本発明は言うなれば、既存建物1を稼働させつつ(居ながらにして)、既存建物1の建物底面2に支持杭、或いは摩擦杭を新設、或いは増設して補強する技術的思想に立脚しており、具体的には、べた基礎等の直接基礎構造による構造形式を、支持杭又は摩擦杭を新設して、杭基礎構造、或いはパイルドラフト基礎構造に変更したり、杭基礎構造に支持杭を増設したりして既存建物の基礎を補強する。ちなみに本実施例では、直接基礎構造2による構造形式を、既存建物10を稼働させつつ(居ながらにして)、杭基礎構造に変更する工法を一例として示している。したがって、前記杭5には支持杭5を採用している。   In other words, the present invention is based on the technical idea of reinforcing or reinforcing a support pile or a friction pile on the bottom surface 2 of the existing building 1 while operating the existing building 1 (while it is still). Specifically, the structural form of the direct foundation structure such as a solid foundation is changed to a pile foundation structure or piled raft foundation structure by newly installing a support pile or friction pile, or a support pile is attached to the pile foundation structure. To reinforce the foundations of existing buildings. By the way, in this embodiment, the construction method for changing the structural form of the direct foundation structure 2 to the pile foundation structure while operating the existing building 10 (while staying) is shown as an example. Therefore, the support pile 5 is adopted as the pile 5.

(前記第一の工程の説明)
図1と図2に示したボックスカルバート3を水平方向に敷設する作業は、具体的には、図9に示したように、所謂ボックスカルバート推進工法が好適に採用される。同推進工法の手法は種々あるが、本実施例では一例として、既存建物10の周辺地盤11に竪坑1を造成し、同竪坑1の所定の深さ位置Dの刃口前の地山を300〜500mm程度ずつ人力で手掘りし、搬入したボックスカルバート(函体)3を元押しジャッキ26により推進する工程を初期段階(所定の推進長)まで繰り返し行う。また、途中にスライド式の中押しジャッキ27を介在させておく(図9A参照)。
(Description of the first step)
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9, the so-called box culvert propulsion method is suitably employed for the work of laying the box culvert 3 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in the horizontal direction. Although there are various methods of the propulsion method, in this embodiment, as an example, the shaft 1 is formed on the ground 11 around the existing building 10, and the ground in front of the cutting edge at the predetermined depth position D of the shaft 1 is 300. The process of digging manually by about ˜500 mm and pushing the carried box culvert 3 with the main push jack 26 is repeated until the initial stage (predetermined propulsion length). Further, a sliding type intermediate push jack 27 is interposed in the middle (see FIG. 9A).

前記初期段階まで元押しジャッキ26により複数のボックスカルバート3…を推進させた後、前記中押しジャッキ27を伸張させて刃口前の地山を掘った分だけ手前のボックスカルバート3を押し込む(図9B参照)。次に、前記元押しジャッキ26を伸張させて手前のボックスカルバート3を押し込む。そうすると前記中押しジャッキ27はスライドし、押した分だけ収縮する(図9C参照)。続いて前記元押しジャッキ26を収縮させて新たなボックスカルバート3を地上から搬入してセットする(図9D参照)。そして、刃口前の地山を人力で手掘りし中押しジャッキ27を伸張させて刃口前の地山を掘った分だけ手前のボックスカルバート3を押し込む等、前記図9B〜図9Dの工程を繰り返し行うことにより、図2に示したように、ボックスカルバート3…を水平方向に敷設する。   After the plurality of box culverts 3 are propelled by the main pushing jack 26 until the initial stage, the middle pushing jack 27 is extended and the box culvert 3 in front is pushed in as much as the ground in front of the blade edge is dug (FIG. 9B). reference). Next, the former pushing jack 26 is extended and the front box culvert 3 is pushed in. Then, the intermediate push jack 27 slides and contracts by the amount pushed (see FIG. 9C). Subsequently, the former push jack 26 is contracted, and a new box culvert 3 is carried from the ground and set (see FIG. 9D). Then, the steps shown in FIGS. 9B to 9D are performed, such as manually digging the natural ground in front of the blade edge and extending the intermediate push jack 27 to push the box culvert 3 in front by the amount of the natural ground in front of the blade edge. By repeating it, the box culverts 3 are laid in the horizontal direction as shown in FIG.

なお、上述したように、前記ボックスカルバート推進工法は、ボックスカルバート3を地盤11中にほぼ水平に敷設することができる工法であればよく、図示例の推進工法に限定されない。ちなみに、図中の符号9は反力壁を示し、符号21は残土を運搬するベルトコンベア21を示し、符号22はベルトコンベアで運搬した残土を地上に搬出するベッセルを示し、符号24は敷きレールを示し、符号25はジャッキ架台を示している。   As described above, the box culvert propulsion method is not limited to the propulsion method in the illustrated example as long as the box culvert 3 can be laid almost horizontally in the ground 11. Incidentally, reference numeral 9 in the figure indicates a reaction force wall, reference numeral 21 indicates a belt conveyor 21 for transporting the residual soil, reference numeral 22 indicates a vessel for transporting the residual soil transported by the belt conveyor to the ground, and reference numeral 24 indicates a laying rail. The code | symbol 25 has shown the jack mount.

ちなみに、本実施例にかかる既存建物10については、図2の紙面の垂直方向に計3列のボックスカルバートを敷設して実施している(図7参照)。勿論、列数はこれに限定されるものではなく、既存建物10の建方面積、重量等の構造設計に応じて適宜増減可能である。また、本実施例に係る支持杭(又は摩擦杭)5は、ボックスカルバート1列当たり2本ずつ構築して実施するが勿論、本数はこれに限定されるものではなく、既存建物10の建方面積、重量等の構造設計に応じて適宜増減可能である(例えば、図8参照)。   Incidentally, the existing building 10 according to the present embodiment is implemented by laying a total of three rows of box culverts in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 2 (see FIG. 7). Of course, the number of rows is not limited to this, and can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the structural design such as the construction area and weight of the existing building 10. Moreover, although the support pile (or friction pile) 5 which concerns on a present Example is constructed and implemented by two per box culvert row, of course, the number is not limited to this and the construction method of the existing building 10 It can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the structural design such as area and weight (see, for example, FIG. 8).

(前記第二の工程の説明)
前記ボックスカルバート3を前記推進工法により水平方向に敷設した後、図3〜図5に示したように、前記ボックスカルバート3における支持杭(又は摩擦杭)5を構築する位置の底版3aを撤去し、その直下の地盤11中に支持杭(又は摩擦杭)5を構築すると共に、ボックスカルバート3の天版3bと直接基礎2との間に支保工8を建て、同部分の地盤11を掘削し前記支持杭(又は摩擦杭)5の直上に位置するボックスカルバート3の天版3bを撤去する。
(Description of the second step)
After laying the box culvert 3 in the horizontal direction by the propulsion method, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the bottom slab 3 a at the position where the support pile (or friction pile) 5 in the box culvert 3 is constructed is removed. The support pile (or friction pile) 5 is built in the ground 11 immediately below, and the support 8 is built between the top plate 3b of the box culvert 3 and the foundation 2 directly, and the ground 11 of the same portion is excavated. The top plate 3b of the box culvert 3 located immediately above the support pile (or friction pile) 5 is removed.

既存の直接基礎2の直下地盤11は、前記第一の工程により、水平方向に敷設したボックスカルバート3により上下に分断される結果、当該ボックスカルバート3を境にその上方部分と下方部分との工事をそれぞれ独立して安全に行うことができる。すなわち、前記ボックスカルバート3における支持杭(又は摩擦杭)5を構築する位置の底版3aを撤去し、その直下の地盤11中に支持杭(又は摩擦杭)5を構築する工程と、ボックスカルバート3の天版3bと直接基礎2との間に支保工8を建て、同部分の地盤11を掘削し前記支持杭(又は摩擦杭)5の直上に位置するボックスカルバート3の天版3bを撤去する工程とを、それぞれ安全、且つ確実に独立して個別に行うことができる。ちなみに本実施例は、前者の工程と後者の工程とをほぼ同時に併行して実施したケースを示している(図3〜図5参照)。なお、図示は省略するが、前者の工程を先行して実施することもできるし、後者の工程を先行して実施することもできる。   The direct base board 11 of the existing direct foundation 2 is divided into upper and lower parts by the box culvert 3 laid in the horizontal direction in the first step. As a result, the construction of the upper part and the lower part with the box culvert 3 as a boundary is performed. Can be performed independently and safely. That is, the step of removing the bottom slab 3a at the position for constructing the support pile (or friction pile) 5 in the box culvert 3 and constructing the support pile (or friction pile) 5 in the ground 11 immediately below the bottom slab 3a; The support 8 is built between the top plate 3b and the foundation 2 directly, and the ground 11 of the same part is excavated to remove the top plate 3b of the box culvert 3 located immediately above the support pile (or friction pile) 5. The processes can be performed individually independently of each other safely and reliably. Incidentally, the present embodiment shows a case where the former process and the latter process are carried out substantially simultaneously (see FIGS. 3 to 5). In addition, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, the former process can also be implemented in advance and the latter process can also be implemented in advance.

先ず、図3〜図5について、前者の工程を説明する。本実施例に係る支持杭(又は摩擦杭)5は、図10C〜Fに示したように、ライナープレート7を利用した場所打ちコンクリート杭で構築している。すなわち、前記支持杭5は、ボックスカルバート3の直下の地盤11中に掘削した孔へライナープレート7を筒状に形成し順次下方部へ継ぎ足して支持層Sに到達するまで掘削を進め、同ライナープレート7の内側に杭用コンクリートを打設して構築する。ちなみに、前記支持杭5の代わりに摩擦杭で実施する場合には支持層Sに到達するまで掘削する必要はない(請求項3記載の発明)。   First, the former process will be described with reference to FIGS. The support pile (or friction pile) 5 which concerns on a present Example is constructed | assembled with the cast-in-place concrete pile using the liner plate 7, as shown to FIG. That is, the support pile 5 advances the excavation until the liner plate 7 is formed in a cylindrical shape in the hole excavated in the ground 11 immediately below the box culvert 3 and is sequentially added to the lower portion to reach the support layer S. Pile concrete is placed inside the plate 7 and constructed. Incidentally, when it implements with a friction pile instead of the said support pile 5, it is not necessary to excavate until it reaches the support layer S (invention of Claim 3).

具体的には、図10A、Bに示したように、支持杭5を構築する部位のボックスカルバート3の底版3aを、電気カッター12で切削しチェーンブロック13で引き揚げる等して撤去する。次に、設置するライナープレート7の径より若干大きい孔(根巻部分)を、ライナープレート1〜3リング分程度(図示例では2リング分)掘り、この孔の中でライナープレート7を筒状に組み立てる。そして、前記ライナープレート7を組み立てた後、ライナープレート7の水平度、真円度を確認し、ライナープレート7と掘削地盤11との間に(根巻)コンクリート14を打設する。打設されたコンクリート14は硬化して上部支えとなり、ライナープレート7の上方は周囲の地盤11にしっかり固定される(図10C、D参照)。次に、その直下地盤11をさらに下方に掘削し、筒状に形成したライナープレート7を更に下方に継ぎ足していく。ここで、地盤11の崩壊を防ぐために孔をあまり大きく掘削しないで、継ぎ足し可能な範囲で孔を掘削し、ライナープレート7を継ぎ足すことに留意する。また、ライナープレート7は軸継目が縦方向に通らないように、例えば千鳥状に組み立て、全体の強度を低下させないように留意する。以上の作業を支持層Sまで繰り返し行うことによって掘削孔4を形成する(図10E、F参照)。しかる後、前記支持層Sに到達したライナープレート7の内部にコンクリートを打設して支持杭5を構築するのである。ちなみに、図10中の符号15は櫓を示し、符号21は、ベルトコンベアを示している。   Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, the bottom slab 3 a of the box culvert 3 at the site where the support pile 5 is constructed is removed by cutting with an electric cutter 12 and lifting with a chain block 13. Next, a hole (root winding part) slightly larger than the diameter of the liner plate 7 to be installed is dug for about 1 to 3 rings (2 rings in the illustrated example) of the liner plate, and the liner plate 7 is cylindrical in this hole. Assemble. Then, after assembling the liner plate 7, the horizontality and roundness of the liner plate 7 are confirmed, and (root winding) concrete 14 is placed between the liner plate 7 and the excavation ground 11. The cast concrete 14 is hardened and becomes an upper support, and the upper portion of the liner plate 7 is firmly fixed to the surrounding ground 11 (see FIGS. 10C and 10D). Next, the straight base board 11 is further excavated downward, and the liner-formed liner plate 7 is further added downward. Here, it should be noted that in order to prevent the ground 11 from collapsing, the hole is not excavated so much, but the hole is excavated as much as possible and the liner plate 7 is added. In addition, the liner plate 7 is assembled in a zigzag shape, for example, so that the shaft seam does not pass in the vertical direction, and care is taken not to reduce the overall strength. The excavation hole 4 is formed by repeating the above operation up to the support layer S (see FIGS. 10E and 10F). After that, the support pile 5 is constructed by placing concrete in the liner plate 7 reaching the support layer S. Incidentally, the code | symbol 15 in FIG. 10 shows the bag, and the code | symbol 21 has shown the belt conveyor.

次に、図3〜図5について、後者の工程を説明する。すなわち、ボックスカルバート3の天版3bと直接基礎2との間に支保工8を建て、同部分の地盤11を掘削し前記支持杭(又は摩擦杭)5の直上に位置するボックスカルバート3の天版3bを撤去する工程(作業)は、既存建物10の周辺地盤(図示例では右側の地盤)11を地上からボックスカルバート3の天版3bに到達するまで部分掘削し、図3と図11に示したように、ボックスカルバート3の天版3b上に支保工(例えば、強力サポート材)8を建て、同部分の地盤11を掘削する工程を繰り返し行う。次に、構築した支持杭5の直上に位置するボックスカルバート3の天版3bを電気カッターで切削し、チェーンブロックで引き揚げる等して撤去する。以上の工程を、構築した支持杭5の直上に位置するボックスカルバート3の天版3bを撤去するまで行う(図5参照)。   Next, the latter process will be described with reference to FIGS. That is, a support 8 is built between the top plate 3b of the box culvert 3 and the foundation 2 directly, the ground 11 of the same portion is excavated, and the top of the box culvert 3 positioned immediately above the support pile (or friction pile) 5 The step (work) of removing the plate 3b is a partial excavation of the surrounding ground (the right-side ground in the illustrated example) 11 of the existing building 10 from the ground until it reaches the top plate 3b of the box culvert 3, and FIGS. As shown, a supporting work (for example, a strong support material) 8 is built on the top plate 3b of the box culvert 3 and the process of excavating the ground 11 of the same portion is repeated. Next, the top plate 3b of the box culvert 3 positioned immediately above the constructed support pile 5 is cut with an electric cutter and removed by lifting with a chain block. The above process is performed until the top plate 3b of the box culvert 3 positioned immediately above the constructed support pile 5 is removed (see FIG. 5).

(前記第三の工程の説明)
前記第二の工程が終了した後、前記天版3bの撤去部を通じて前記支持杭5の上端に、直接基礎2を支持する支持手段6を設けて杭基礎構造(支持杭5に代わりに摩擦杭で実施する場合にはパイルドラフト基礎構造)を完成する。図示例に係る支持手段6は、前記支持杭5の上端に構築した鉄骨柱、鉄筋コンクリート柱、鉄骨鉄筋コンクリート柱等の新設柱(前記支持杭5を上方に延設した場合を含む。)6aと、前記直接基礎2の直下位置に構築した新設梁6bとの当接面同士を剛結して実施しているが、支持手段6はこれに限定されるものではない。前記支持杭5の上端に構築した前記新設柱6aで前記直接基礎2を直接支持する構造で実施することもできる(請求項5記載の発明)。
(Description of the third step)
After the second step is completed, a support means 6 for directly supporting the foundation 2 is provided at the upper end of the support pile 5 through the removal portion of the top plate 3b to provide a pile foundation structure (a friction pile instead of the support pile 5). Complete the piled raft foundation structure). The support means 6 according to the illustrated example includes a new column (including the case where the support pile 5 is extended upward) 6a such as a steel column, a reinforced concrete column, a steel reinforced concrete column, etc., constructed at the upper end of the support pile 5. Although the contact surfaces with the newly installed beam 6b constructed at a position directly below the direct foundation 2 are rigidly connected, the support means 6 is not limited to this. It can also be implemented with a structure in which the direct foundation 2 is directly supported by the new pillar 6a constructed at the upper end of the support pile 5 (invention according to claim 5).

第三の工程を終了した後は、ボックスカルバート推進工法に利用したカルバート入口を塞ぎ、竪坑1部分を埋め戻す等して本発明に係る既存建物の基礎補強工法を終了する。   After finishing the third step, the foundation reinforcing method for the existing building according to the present invention is finished by closing the culvert entrance used for the box culvert propulsion method and refilling the shaft 1 portion.

以上に実施例を図面に基づいて説明したが、本発明は、図示例の実施例の限りではなく、その技術的思想を逸脱しない範囲において、当業者が通常に行う設計変更、応用のバリエーションの範囲を含むことを念のために言及する。例えば、図示例に係る支持杭5は場所打ちコンクリート杭で実施しているが、これに限定されず、ボックスカルバート3の直下の地盤11中に短尺の鋼管杭を押し込み、支持層Sに到達するまで継ぎ足して構築した鋼管杭で実施することもできる。ちなみに、前記支持杭5の代わりに摩擦杭で実施する場合には支持層Sに到達するまで構築する必要はない(請求項4記載の発明)。また、本実施例では、直接基礎構造による構造形式を杭基礎構造、或いはパイルドラフト基礎構造に変更する工法をベースに記載したがこれに限定されず、上記とほぼ同様の工程により、既存の杭基礎構造に支持杭5を増設して基礎を補強することも可能である。但し、この場合には、既存杭を避けるようにボックスカルバートを敷設することに留意する。   Although the embodiments have been described with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown in the drawings, and design modifications and application variations that are usually performed by those skilled in the art are within the scope not departing from the technical idea thereof. Note that it includes the range. For example, although the support pile 5 which concerns on the example of illustration is implemented with the cast-in-place concrete pile, it is not limited to this, A short steel pipe pile is pushed in in the ground 11 directly under the box culvert 3, and the support layer S is reached. It can also be implemented with steel pipe piles constructed by adding up to. Incidentally, when it implements with a friction pile instead of the said support pile 5, it is not necessary to construct | assemble until it reaches the support layer S (invention of Claim 4). In the present embodiment, the construction method for changing the structure type of the direct foundation structure to the pile foundation structure or the piled raft foundation structure is described as a base, but the present invention is not limited to this. It is also possible to reinforce the foundation by adding support piles 5 to the foundation structure. However, in this case, it should be noted that box culverts are laid to avoid existing piles.

本発明に係る既存建物の基礎補強工法の施工工程(第一工程)を段階的に示した立断面図である。It is the sectional elevation which showed the construction process (the 1st process) of the foundation reinforcement construction method of the existing building concerning the present invention stepwise. 本発明に係る既存建物の基礎補強工法の施工工程(第一工程)を段階的に示した立断面図である。It is the sectional elevation which showed the construction process (the 1st process) of the foundation reinforcement construction method of the existing building concerning the present invention stepwise. 本発明に係る既存建物の基礎補強工法の施工工程(第二工程)を段階的に示した立断面図である。It is the sectional elevation which showed the construction process (second process) of the foundation reinforcement construction method of the existing building concerning the present invention stepwise. 本発明に係る既存建物の基礎補強工法の施工工程(第二工程)を段階的に示した立断面図である。It is the sectional elevation which showed the construction process (second process) of the foundation reinforcement construction method of the existing building concerning the present invention stepwise. 本発明に係る既存建物の基礎補強工法の施工工程(第二工程)を段階的に示した立断面図である。It is the sectional elevation which showed the construction process (second process) of the foundation reinforcement construction method of the existing building concerning the present invention stepwise. 本発明に係る既存建物の基礎補強工法の施工工程(第三工程)を段階的に示した立断面図である。It is the sectional elevation which showed the construction process (the 3rd process) of the foundation reinforcement construction method of the existing building concerning the present invention stepwise. 本発明に係る既存建物の基礎補強工法により補強した基礎構造を示した平断面図である。It is the plane sectional view showing the foundation structure reinforced by the foundation reinforcement construction method of the existing building concerning the present invention. 本発明に係る既存建物の基礎補強工法により補強した基礎構造のバリエーションを示した立断面図である。It is the elevation sectional view showing the variation of the foundation structure reinforced by the foundation reinforcement construction method of the existing building concerning the present invention. A〜Bはそれぞれ、本発明に係る既存建物の基礎補強工法について、第一工程に係るボックスカルバート推進工法を段階的に示した工程図である。AB is process drawing which showed the box culvert propulsion method which concerns on a 1st process in steps about the foundation reinforcement construction method of the existing building which concerns on this invention, respectively. A〜Fはそれぞれ、本発明に係る既存建物の基礎補強工法について、第二工程に係る支持杭の構築工法を段階的に示した工程図である。Each of A to F is a process diagram showing step by step the construction method of the support pile according to the second step for the foundation reinforcing method of the existing building according to the present invention. 本発明に係る既存建物の基礎補強工法について、第二工程に係るボックスカルバートの天版上に支保工を建て、同部分の地盤を掘削する工程を示した立断面図である。It is the sectional elevation which showed the process of building a support work on the top plate of the box culvert concerning the 2nd process, and excavating the ground of the part about the foundation reinforcement method of the existing building concerning the present invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 竪坑
2 直接基礎(建物底面)
3 ボックスカルバート
3a ボックスカルバートの底版
3b ボックスカルバートの天版
4 掘削孔
5 支持杭
6 支持手段
6a 新設柱
6b 新設梁
7 ライナープレート
8 サポート材
9 反力壁
10 既存建物
11 地盤
12 電気カッター
13 チェーンブロック
14 コンクリート
15 櫓
21 ベルトコンベア
22 ベッセル
24 敷きレール
25 ジャッキ架台
26 元押しジャッキ
27 中押しジャッキ
D 深度
1 Shaft 2 Direct foundation (bottom of building)
3 Box culvert 3a Bottom plate of box culvert 3b Top plate of box culvert 4 Drilling hole 5 Support pile 6 Support means 6a New pillar 6b New beam 7 Liner plate 8 Support material 9 Reaction wall 10 Existing building 11 Ground 12 Electric cutter 13 Chain block 14 Concrete 15 櫓 21 Belt conveyor 22 Vessel 24 Laying rail 25 Jack mount 26 Original push jack 27 Medium push jack D Depth

Claims (5)

既存建物の基礎補強工法において、
既存建物の周辺地盤に竪坑を造成し、同竪坑を利用して既存建物直下の地盤中に、ボックスカルバートを水平方向に敷設する工程と、
前記ボックスカルバートにおける杭構築位置の底版を撤去し、その直下の地盤中に杭を構築すると共に、ボックスカルバートの天版と建物底面との間に支保工を建て、同部分の地盤を掘削し、前記杭の直上に位置するボックスカルバートの天版を撤去する工程と、
前記天版の撤去部を通じて前記杭の上端に前記建物底面を支持する支持手段を設ける工程とから成ることを特徴とする、既存建物の基礎補強工法。
In the foundation reinforcement method for existing buildings,
A process of laying a box culvert in a horizontal direction in the ground directly under the existing building by creating a shaft in the ground around the existing building,
Remove the bottom slab of the pile construction position in the box culvert, build the pile in the ground directly below it, build a support between the top of the box culvert and the bottom of the building, excavate the ground of the same part, Removing the top plate of the box culvert located immediately above the pile;
A foundation reinforcing method for an existing building, comprising a step of providing support means for supporting the bottom of the building at the upper end of the pile through the removal portion of the top plate.
前記杭は、支持杭、又は摩擦杭として構築することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載した既存建物の基礎補強工法。   The foundation reinforcing method for an existing building according to claim 1, wherein the pile is constructed as a support pile or a friction pile. 前記杭の構築は、ボックスカルバートの直下の地盤中に掘削した孔へライナープレートを筒状に形成し順次下方部へ継ぎ足して掘削を進め、同ライナープレートの内側に杭用コンクリートを打設して構築することを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載した既存建物の基礎補強工法。   The construction of the pile consists of forming a liner plate into the hole drilled in the ground directly under the box culvert, adding it to the lower part and proceeding with the excavation, and placing pile concrete inside the liner plate. The foundation reinforcing method for an existing building according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is constructed. 前記杭の構築は、ボックスカルバートの直下の地盤中に短尺の鋼管杭を押し込み継ぎ足して構築することを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載した既存建物の基礎補強工法。   3. The foundation reinforcing method for an existing building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pile is constructed by pushing a short steel pipe pile into the ground directly under the box culvert and adding it. 前記杭上端に設ける建物底面の支持手段は、新設柱、或いは新設柱と新設梁との組み合わせとすることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4に記載した既存建物の基礎補強工法。   The foundation reinforcing method for an existing building according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the support means for the bottom of the building provided at the upper end of the pile is a new column or a combination of a new column and a new beam.
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