JP4710069B2 - 身体補助用呼吸補助人工肺 - Google Patents
身体補助用呼吸補助人工肺 Download PDFInfo
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Description
米国政府は、本発明について払込済のライセンスを保有するとともに、陸軍省によって授与された認可第DAMD 17-02-1-0717号およびアメリカ国立衛生研究所によって授与された認可第ROl HL 70051号の条件によってもたらされる合理的な期間にわたり、特許権者が他人にライセンスすることを限られた状況下において求める権利を保有する。
本出願は、2005年4月21日に出願された米国仮特許出願第60/673,885号および2005年6月8日に出願された米国仮特許出願第60/688,809号に基づく優先権を主張する。なお、この参照によってそれらの内容が本願明細書に組み込まれたものとする。
・経皮的なカニューレを有した身体補助用静静脈システム
・血液の流れのための静脈循環への挿入、
・回転する繊維束によって駆動される血流の自己ポンプ送り
・血液が肺に到達する前にCO2を除去しO2を供給する
・1リットル/分未満の低い血流速度でのガス交換
・気体交換を促進するため中空繊維束を回転させる
・回転する環状の繊維束が繊維表面を通過する高められた流速を促進する
・固定コアおよび外側ハウジングが繊維束上に液体の剪断を生じさせる
・血液流路によって回転束が流体をポンプ送りできるようにする
・外部に装着されるコンパクトで効率的な中空糸モジュール
・ガス交換を促進するための回転の変更
・繊維束の空隙率の変更
・呼吸を支援するための500〜750ミリリットル/分の血流
・小さい二重管腔カニューレ(フレンチサイズは14〜16)
・0.50平方メートル(m2)より少ない繊維束の活動表面積
・毎分0.5〜1.0リットルの血流量において100〜120ミリリットル/分のCO2の除去
・生まれながらの肺の機能的な容積から独立したCO2の除去
−静止している繊維束ではなく、回転する環状の繊維束、
−(回転軸の近傍において速度がゼロにならない)ディスクではなく、回転する環状の繊維束である、
−回転は安定/不安定とすることができる(時間の変動が平均の安定値における物質移動およびポンプ送りを増大させる)、
−環状体は、所定の空隙率にわたって製造することができる(より高い空隙率はポンプ送りに対する大きな影響なしに高いガス交換に導びつく)、
−環状体は、薄い束とすることができ、束を取り囲んでいる静止した壁からのより高い浸透方向の剪断をもたらす、
−溶血は回転する繊維自体には起因しない(この装置は、回転の間の支持のために多孔性のステンレス製のケージを使用するように構成されている)、
−繊維束の空隙率を変化させるために様々な技術が開発された、
−繊維束の回転は流路をより一様なものとするものと思われ、流入口/流出口の設計あるいは場所によってガス交換が影響を受けないようにする、
−ポンプ送りは、静静脈の経皮的な動作を可能にする、
−繊維束の回転に起因するCO2の除去レベルは、呼吸性の分離あるいは低い流量でのCO2の除去を可能にする。
Claims (22)
- 上側部分および下側部分を有するハウジングであって、前記上側部分に位置する液体入口と、液体出口と、ガス入口と、ガス出口と、を有しているハウジングと、
固定された繊維束を形成するように構成された複数の管状のガス透過性繊維膜であって、前記繊維束が長さを有し、前記繊維束が前記ハウジングの内側に配設されるとともに前記ガス入口および前記ガス出口に接続されて流体的に連通し、かつ、前記ハウジングと前記繊維束との間に第1の隙間が構成されている、複数の管状のガス透過性繊維膜と、
前記繊維束の内側に配設された回転可能な円筒形のコアであって、その円筒形の外側表面が前記繊維束と略等しい長さを有しており、かつ、その円筒形の外側表面と前記繊維束との間に第2の隙間が構成されているコアと、
前記回転可能なコアの上側部分に位置するとともに前記液体入口と流体的に連通する液体分配インペラであって、当該液体分配インペラが、前記コアの円筒形の外側表面に設けられた出口ポートを有するとともに、当該出口ポートが前記コアの上側部分のみに位置している、液体分配インペラと、
前記コアを回転させるための手段と、を備え、
前記ハウジング、前記繊維束および前記コアは、前記液体入口に入った液体が、前記インペラに進み、前記インペラから、前記第2の隙間を通過し、前記繊維束を通過し、前記第1の隙間を通過し、前記液体出口へと進むように構成されている
ことを特徴とする身体を補助する呼吸支援人工肺。 - 前記コアを回転させるための手段が、前記第2の隙間の内側に乱流を生じさせることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の呼吸支援人工肺。
- 前記コアを回転させるための手段が、前記第2の隙間の内側に複数のテイラー渦を生じさせることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の呼吸支援人工肺。
- 前記繊維束が、前記繊維束を通る液体の流れを一様にする空隙率を有して構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の呼吸支援人工肺。
- 前記第1の隙間および前記第2の隙間が、前記繊維束を通る液体の流れを最適化するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の呼吸支援人工肺。
- 前記コアの回転速度を変化させるための手段をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の呼吸支援人工肺。
- 前記コアの回転方向を振動させるための手段をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の呼吸支援人工肺。
- 患者の静脈循環内に挿入されて前記ハウジングの液体入口に血液の流れを供給するとともに前記ハウジングの液体出口から血液の流れを受け入れるように構成された二重管腔のカニューレをさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の呼吸支援人工肺。
- 前記コアを回転させるための手段が、磁気継手を有していることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の呼吸支援人工肺。
- 前記液体分配インペラは、各々が前記第2の隙間と流体的に連通する出口ポートを有する複数の流れ案内アームを含んでいることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の呼吸支援人工肺。
- 前記繊維束は直径に対する厚さの割合が10%未満の環状のリングを形成することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の呼吸支援人工肺。
- 前記液体分配インペラは、前記コアの頂部内に形成された一連の流路であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の呼吸支援人工肺。
- 前記出口ポートは、前記コアの円筒形の外側表面の長さより短い直径を有していることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の呼吸支援人工肺。
- 重力および前記コアの回転により液体が前記繊維束の長さにそって前記繊維束を通過させられることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の呼吸支援人工肺。
- 前記繊維束は、前記コアが回転したときに前記繊維束を通る液体の流れを一様にすることができるような空隙率および厚さを有して構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の呼吸支援人工肺。
- 前記液体出口は、前記ハウジングの前記下側部分に位置することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の呼吸支援人工肺。
- 前記液体分配インペラの前記出口ポートは、前記繊維束の長さよりも短い長さを有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の呼吸支援人工肺。
- 液体入口と、液体出口と、第1のガス入口と、第1のガス出口と、第2のガス入口と、第2のガス出口と、を有しているハウジングと、
第1の繊維束を形成するように構成された複数の管状のガス透過性繊維膜であって、前記第1の繊維束は前記ハウジング内で固定された状態にとどまり、かつ、前記第1のガス入口および前記第1のガス出口に接続されて流体的に連通し、前記ハウジングと前記第1の繊維束との間に第1の隙間が形成されている、複数の管状のガス透過性繊維膜と、
前記繊維束の内側に配設されるとともに円筒形の外側表面を有した回転するコアであって、当該コアが、当該コアと一緒に回転する第2の繊維束を形成するように構成された複数の管状のガス透過性繊維膜を有しており、前記第2の繊維束が前記第2のガス入口および前記第2のガス出口に接続されて流体的に連通し、第2の隙間が前記コアと前記第2の繊維束との間に形成され、かつ、前記第2の繊維束と前記第1の繊維束との間に第3の隙間が形成されるようになっている、コアと、
前記回転するコアの上側部分に位置するとともに前記液体入口と流体的に連通する液体分配インペラであって、当該液体分配インペラが、前記コアの円筒形の外側表面に設けられた出口ポートを有するとともに、当該出口ポートが前記コアの上側部分のみに位置している、液体分配インペラと、
前記コアを回転させるための手段と、を備え、
前記ハウジング、前記繊維束および前記コアは、前記液体入口に入った液体が、前記第2の繊維束を通過してそして前記第1の繊維束を通過して、前記液体出口に入るように構成されている
ことを特徴とする身体を補助する呼吸支援人工肺。 - 前記液体入口と流体的に連通しているインペラをさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項18に記載の呼吸支援人工肺。
- 前記第1および第2の繊維束が、前記繊維束を通る液体の流れを一様にする空隙率を有して構成されていることを特徴とする請求項18に記載の呼吸支援人工肺。
- 上側部分および下側部分を有するハウジングであって、前記上側部分に位置する血液入口と、血液出口と、ガス入口と、ガス出口と、前記血液入口と流体的に連通している液体分配インペラと、を有しているハウジングと、
固定された繊維束を形成するように構成された複数の管状のガス透過性繊維膜であって、前記繊維束が長さを有し、前記繊維束が前記ハウジングの内側に配設されるとともに前記ガス入口および前記ガス出口に接続されて流体的に連通し、かつ、前記ハウジングと前記繊維束との間に第1の隙間が構成されている、複数の管状のガス透過性繊維膜と、
前記繊維束の内側に配設された回転可能な円筒形のコアであって、その円筒形の外側表面が前記繊維束と略等しい長さを有しており、かつその円筒形の外側表面と前記繊維束との間に第2の隙間が構成されており、前記液体分配インペラが当該コアの上側部分に位置するとともに当該コアの外側の円筒形の表面に出口ポートを有しており、前記出口ポートが当該コアの上側部分のみに位置しているコアと、
磁気継手を有する、前記コアを回転させるための手段と、を備え、
前記血液入口に入った液体が、前記液体分配インペラに入って通過し、前記繊維束を通過し前記血液出口に入るように前記ハウジング、前記繊維束および前記コアが構成されており、
患者の静脈循環内に挿入されて前記ハウジングの前記血液入口に血液の流れを供給するとともに前記ハウジングの前記血液出口から血液の流れを受け入れるように構成された二重管腔のカニューレと、
を備えていることを特徴とする身体を補助する呼吸支援人工肺。 - 上側部分および下側部分を有するハウジングであって、液体入口と、液体出口と、ガス入口と、ガス出口と、を有しているハウジングと、
固定された繊維束を形成するように構成された複数の管状のガス透過性繊維膜であって、前記繊維束が前記ガス入口および前記ガス出口に接続されて流体的に連通し、かつ、前記繊維束が、前記ハウジングと前記繊維束との間に第1の隙間が構成されるように前記ハウジングの内側に配設されている、複数の管状のガス透過性繊維膜と、
前記繊維束の内側に配設された回転可能な円筒形のコアであって、当該コアが上側部分と、下側部分と、円筒形の外側表面とを有しており、当該コアの前記外側表面が前記固定された繊維束の近傍に位置して両者の間に第2の隙間が形成されている、コアと、
前記液体入口と流体的に連通する液体分配流路を有する液体分配インペラであって、当該液体分配流路が出口ポートを有しており、当該出口ポートが前記円筒形の外側表面上に位置するとともに前記コアの前記上側部分のみにある、液体分配インペラと、
前記ハウジング、前記繊維束、前記コアおよび前記第2の隙間は、前記回転可能なコアがある特定の速度で回転したときに、前記液体入口に入ってくる液体が前記液体分配流路を通って流れて前記出口ポートを出て、前記第2の隙間を通り、前記繊維束を通り、前記第1の隙間を通り、これにより前記液体分配通路の前記出口ポートの下方の位置において前記第2の隙間内の液体に複数のテーラー渦を生じさせるように構成されている
ことを特徴とする身体を補助する呼吸支援人工肺。
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US20070020142A1 (en) | 2007-01-25 |
CN103381277A (zh) | 2013-11-06 |
WO2006118817A1 (en) | 2006-11-09 |
CA2605259A1 (en) | 2006-11-09 |
CN103381277B (zh) | 2015-11-25 |
EP2295133A1 (en) | 2011-03-16 |
EP2295133B8 (en) | 2014-07-30 |
AU2006242663B2 (en) | 2012-01-19 |
EP1888211B1 (en) | 2014-01-08 |
ES2475979T3 (es) | 2014-07-11 |
EP2295133B1 (en) | 2014-06-18 |
US20140065016A1 (en) | 2014-03-06 |
EP1888211A1 (en) | 2008-02-20 |
US8647569B1 (en) | 2014-02-11 |
CN104524654A (zh) | 2015-04-22 |
CA2605259C (en) | 2015-07-14 |
JP2008536647A (ja) | 2008-09-11 |
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US7927544B2 (en) | 2011-04-19 |
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