JP4686614B2 - Firefly breeding / observation device and firefly breeding / observation kit - Google Patents

Firefly breeding / observation device and firefly breeding / observation kit Download PDF

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JP4686614B2
JP4686614B2 JP2009023375A JP2009023375A JP4686614B2 JP 4686614 B2 JP4686614 B2 JP 4686614B2 JP 2009023375 A JP2009023375 A JP 2009023375A JP 2009023375 A JP2009023375 A JP 2009023375A JP 4686614 B2 JP4686614 B2 JP 4686614B2
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政和 長谷川
正巳 松戸
孝一 小林
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株式会社リバーファッション
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発明は、主にゲンジボタル、ヘイケボタルなどについて、終齢幼虫、蛹、成虫、交尾、産卵、１齢幼虫の誕生までを飼育・観察するためのホタルの飼育・観察装置及びホタルの飼育・観察キットに関するものである。   The present invention relates to a firefly breeding / observation apparatus and a firefly breeding / observation kit for breeding / observing the larvae, pupae, adults, mating, egg laying, birth of the first instar larvae, etc. Is.

ゲンジボタル、ヘイケボタルなどは、里山の上流から下流の水域に棲息し、カワニナやタニシなどの貝を食べ成長する。やがて終齢幼虫に育つと、陸上に上がり幼虫時期に育った水域付近の土に潜り土繭を作りやがて蛹に変態する。以降４０日〜５０日経過すると蛹から羽化し成虫になる。成虫は、１０日〜２０日間程水際の周囲を飛び、交尾し水際の苔類などに産卵を行い生涯を終了する。   Genji fireflies, Heike fireflies, etc. live in the waters from upstream to downstream of satoyama, and eat shellfish such as kawainina and snail. Eventually, when it grows up to an infancy larva, it rises on land and dives into the soil near the waters that grew up during the larval period, and eventually transforms into a cocoon. After 40 to 50 days, the pupae will emerge and become adults. Adults fly around the waterside for about 10 to 20 days, copulate, lay eggs on the waterside moss, and end their lives.

近年、小川などの水辺周辺の環境が薬剤の散布の影響や河川の開発などにより、都市近郊に於いては、殆どホタルを見ることがなくなった。このような現状を改善すべく、行政機関やボランティアによって、積極的にホタルの放流が行われている。このような背景に応じて、ホタルの人工飼育装置も種々提案されている。   In recent years, the environment around watersides such as creeks has hardly seen fireflies in the suburbs due to the effects of chemical spraying and river development. In order to improve this situation, fireflies are actively released by government agencies and volunteers. In response to such a background, various firefly artificial rearing devices have been proposed.

水槽型容器に、土、新鮮な水を入れて幼虫育成を行う幼虫育成部、幼虫育成部の側板であるオーバーハング面、土中に立設される垂直面を有する蛹化促進部材を備えたホタルの蛹化促進装置が知られている（特許文献１参照）。   The tank-type container is equipped with a hatching promoting member having a larva growing part for raising larvae by adding soil and fresh water, an overhang surface which is a side plate of the larva growing part, and a vertical surface standing in the soil A firefly hatching promoting device is known (see Patent Document 1).

しながら、上記の装置にあっては、小川近辺に装置を埋設するような環境が必要であり、大掛かりであり、家庭においてホタルの観察を行うものではない。   However, the above-described apparatus requires an environment in which the apparatus is embedded in the vicinity of a stream, is large-scale, and does not observe fireflies at home.

これに対し、水槽の水面より高い位置に土壌を配し、土壌と水槽内を傾斜板により連絡し、ポンプによって、また、土壌を載置した板に形成した孔によって、土壌へ水供給を行うようにしたホタル育成及び観賞用容器も提案されている（特許文献２参照）。   On the other hand, the soil is arranged at a position higher than the water surface of the aquarium, the soil and the aquarium are connected by an inclined plate, and water is supplied to the soil by a pump and through a hole formed in the plate on which the soil is placed. A firefly breeding and ornamental container as described above has also been proposed (see Patent Document 2).

しかしながら、上記のものは、水中においてカワニナやタニシなどの餌を与えることから、また、容器の全面に渡って水を満たすもので、水管理が極めて難しく、簡単にホタルを飼育及び観賞できるものではない。   However, the above-mentioned feeds such as kawachina and snails in the water, and fills the entire surface of the container, so water management is extremely difficult, and it is not easy to breed and appreciate fireflies. Absent.

本発明は上記のようなホタルの飼育・観察装置の現状に鑑みてなされたもので、その目的は、家庭において簡単に、終齢幼虫、蛹、成虫、交尾、産卵、１齢幼虫の誕生までを飼育・観察することのできるホタルの飼育・観察装置を提供することである。また、ホタルの飼育・観察を行うホタルの飼育・観察キットを提供する。   The present invention has been made in view of the current state of the above-described firefly breeding / observation apparatus, and its purpose is to make it easy for home larvae, pupae, adults, mating, egg laying, and birth of 1st instar larvae. It is to provide a firefly breeding / observation device capable of breeding and observing. In addition, firefly breeding / observation kits for breeding and observing fireflies are provided.

本発明に係る飼育・観察装置は、観察用の透明容器と、前記透明容器内に配置され、ホタルの幼虫が棲むための水を入れる水槽と、前記水槽以外の前記透明容器内に敷き詰めるための土壌と、前記水槽から前記土壌へホタルの終齢幼虫が到る、滑り止め加工された傾斜通路と、前記水槽の上面に対して着脱可能に蓋をするように設けられ、複数の透孔を備える水槽蓋と、前記土壌の敷き詰められる位置に対応する前記透明容器の側壁を囲繞し、少なくとも一部が着脱可能な遮光板とを具備することを特徴とする。   The breeding / observation apparatus according to the present invention is a transparent container for observation, a water tank placed in the transparent container for containing water for larvae of fireflies to crawl, and for spreading in the transparent container other than the water tank. Provided with a non-slip-processed inclined passage where the firefly last-year-old larva reaches the soil from the aquarium to the soil, and a detachable lid on the upper surface of the aquarium, and a plurality of through holes A water tank lid provided, and a light shielding plate surrounding at least a part of the side wall of the transparent container corresponding to the position where the soil is spread, are removable.

本発明に係る飼育・観察装置は、前記透明容器の底面と前記土壌との間に配置され、前記土壌に水分を保持させる水分保持機構を更に備えることを特徴とする。   The breeding / observation apparatus according to the present invention further includes a moisture retention mechanism that is disposed between the bottom surface of the transparent container and the soil and that retains moisture in the soil.

本発明に係る飼育・観察装置では、水分保持機構が、一面に水分を透過させる孔を有し、透明容器の底面側に突出した複数の針状脚部を有する土壌載置台と、前記土壌載置台と土壌の間に介装され、土壌を保持する土壌保持シートとを備えていることを特徴とする。   In the breeding / observation apparatus according to the present invention, the moisture holding mechanism has a hole for allowing moisture to permeate on one surface, and has a plurality of needle-like legs protruding to the bottom side of the transparent container, and the soil loading table. It is provided between the gantry and the soil, and includes a soil holding sheet that holds the soil.

本発明に係る飼育・観察装置は、水槽蓋上に載置し、ホタルの産卵場所となる産卵床と、ホタルの休憩場所となる人口または天然の植栽と、透明容器の上部開口部を塞ぐ容器蓋とを更に備えることを特徴とする。   The breeding / observation apparatus according to the present invention is placed on a water tank lid, and covers a spawning bed that serves as a spawning place for fireflies, a population or natural planting that serves as a resting place for fireflies, and an upper opening of a transparent container. And a container lid.

本発明に係る飼育・観察キットは、請求項１乃至４のいずれか１項に記載のホタルの飼育・観察装置と、容器詰めされたホタルの終齢幼虫とを組み合わせたことを特徴とする。   A breeding / observation kit according to the present invention is characterized by combining the firefly breeding / observation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and a container-packed firefly infancy larva.

本発明に係る飼育・観察キットは、更に、霧吹き器を更に組み合わせたことを特徴とする。   The breeding / observation kit according to the present invention is further characterized by further combining a sprayer.

本発明によれば、透明容器内に、ホタルの幼虫が棲むための水を入れる水槽を配置した構造であり、餌を採らない終齢幼虫から飼育することで、水管理の煩わしさがなく、家庭内の飼育に好適である。また、土壌の敷き詰められる位置に対応する透明容器の側壁を囲繞し、少なくとも一部が着脱可能な遮光板が設けられており、終齢幼虫が側壁に突き当たって土壌中に潜り蛹となり、更に羽化して成虫となるまでを観察することができる。   According to the present invention, in a transparent container is a structure in which a water tank for watering firefly larvae is placed, and rearing from an instar larva that does not take food, there is no troublesome water management, Suitable for domestic rearing. In addition, there is a light-shielding plate that surrounds the side wall of the transparent container corresponding to the position where the soil is spread, and at least a part of it is provided with a light-shielding plate. And until it becomes an adult.

本発明によれば、土壌に水分を保持させる水分保持機構を更に備えるので、ホタルに好適な水分を土壌に保持させることができ、適切な飼育環境を確保することができる。   According to the present invention, since a water holding mechanism for holding water in the soil is further provided, water suitable for fireflies can be held in the soil, and an appropriate breeding environment can be ensured.

本発明によれば、水分保持機構は、一面に水分を透過させる孔を有し、透明容器の底面側に突出した複数の針状脚部を有する土壌載置台と、前記土壌載置台と土壌の間に介装され、土壌を保持する土壌保持シートとを備えているので、ホタルに好適な水分を含んだ土壌を保持することができ、適切な飼育環境を確保することができる。   According to the present invention, the moisture holding mechanism has a hole for allowing moisture to permeate on one surface, and has a plurality of needle-like legs protruding to the bottom surface side of the transparent container, and the soil mounting table and the soil Since it is provided with a soil holding sheet that is interposed between and holds the soil, it is possible to hold water containing moisture suitable for fireflies, and to ensure an appropriate breeding environment.

本発明によれば、水槽蓋上に載置し、ホタルの産卵場所となる産卵床と、ホタルの休憩場所となる人口または天然の植栽と、透明容器の上部開口部を塞ぐ容器蓋とを更に備えるので、産卵床にホタルが産卵して孵化させ、孵化した幼虫が水槽に落下するようになり、植栽により成虫が休憩し、容器蓋により成虫が逃亡することを防止できる。   According to the present invention, a spawning bed placed on a water tank lid and serving as a firefly spawning place, a population or natural planting serving as a firefly resting place, and a container lid for closing the upper opening of the transparent container. Further, since the firefly lays eggs on the spawning bed and hatches, the hatched larvae fall into the aquarium, and the adults can be prevented from resting by planting and the adults escape by the container lid.

本発明のホタルの飼育・観察キットは、請求項１乃至４のいずれか１項に記載のホタルの飼育・観察装置と、容器詰めされたホタルの終齢幼虫とを組み合わせたものであるから、水槽の水中に終齢幼虫を放して飼育を始めることにより、終齢幼虫、蛹、成虫、交尾、産卵、１齢幼虫の誕生までを飼育・観察することが可能である。   Since the firefly breeding / observation kit of the present invention is a combination of the firefly breeding / observation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and the firefly last-year larva packed in a container, By releasing the instar larvae in the water of the aquarium and starting the breeding, it is possible to breed and observe the instar larvae, pupae, adults, mating, egg laying, and birth of the first instar larvae.

本発明のホタルの飼育・観察キットは、更に、霧吹き器を更に組み合わせているので、霧吹き器により土壌などに適当に水分を補給でき、好適な飼育環境を保持することが可能となる。   Since the firefly breeding / observation kit of the present invention is further combined with a sprayer, water can be appropriately supplied to the soil or the like by the sprayer, and a suitable breeding environment can be maintained.

本発明のホタルの飼育・観察装置の実施例を示す組立斜視図。The assembly perspective view which shows the Example of the breeding and observation apparatus of the firefly of this invention. 本発明のホタルの飼育・観察装置の実施例における要部部品を示す斜視図。The perspective view which shows the principal part components in the Example of the breeding / observation apparatus of the firefly of this invention. 本発明のホタルの飼育・観察装置の実施例における要部部品を示す斜視図。The perspective view which shows the principal part components in the Example of the breeding / observation apparatus of the firefly of this invention. 本発明のホタルの飼育・観察装置の実施例における遮光板を外した状態を示す斜視図。The perspective view which shows the state which removed the light-shielding plate in the Example of the breeding and observation apparatus of the firefly of this invention. 図４に示す実施例の要部断面図。Sectional drawing of the principal part of the Example shown in FIG. 本発明のホタルの飼育・観察装置の実施例を終齢幼虫飼育用の形態とした斜視図。The perspective view which made the Example of the breeding and observation apparatus of the firefly of this invention the form for breeding the last-instar larva. 本発明のホタルの飼育・観察装置の実施例を成虫以降に対する飼育用の形態とした斜視図。The perspective view which made the Example of the breeding and observation apparatus of the firefly of this invention the form for breeding with respect to adults and beyond. 本発明のホタルの飼育・観察装置の実施例を構成する部品の斜視図。The perspective view of the components which comprise the Example of the firefly breeding and observation apparatus of this invention. 本発明のホタルの飼育・観察キットの実施例を構成する部品の斜視図。The perspective view of the components which comprise the Example of the breeding and observation kit of a firefly of this invention. 本発明のホタルの飼育・観察キットの実施例を示す斜視図。The perspective view which shows the Example of the breeding and observation kit of the firefly of this invention.

以下、添付図面を参照して本発明に係るホタルの飼育・観察装置及びホタルの飼育・観察キットの実施例を説明する。各図において、同一の構成要素には、同一の符号を付して重複する説明を省略する。本実施例に係るホタルの飼育・観察装置は、図１の組立斜視図に示すように、観察用の透明容器１０と、水槽２０と、水槽蓋２５と、遮光板１５と、水分保持機構３０と、容器蓋１８と、図４におけるホタルの飼育・観察装置に示す土壌４１とを主な構成要素とする。   Hereinafter, embodiments of a firefly breeding / observation apparatus and a firefly breeding / observation kit according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In each figure, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and redundant description is omitted. As shown in the assembly perspective view of FIG. 1, the firefly breeding / observation apparatus according to the present embodiment has a transparent container 10 for observation, a water tank 20, a water tank lid 25, a light shielding plate 15, and a moisture holding mechanism 30. And the container lid 18 and the soil 41 shown in the firefly breeding / observation apparatus in FIG.

透明容器１０はガラスやプラスチック製であり、ここでは四枚の側壁１１を備えた四角筒体の有底容器であり、上部に開口部１２を備える。   The transparent container 10 is made of glass or plastic. Here, the transparent container 10 is a bottomed container having a rectangular cylindrical body having four side walls 11 and has an opening 12 at the top.

水分保持機構３０は、プレート３１と針状脚部３２により構成される土壌載置台３３と、土壌保持シート３４とにより構成される。プレート３１は、図２に示されているように水槽２０の位置が切欠された部分を除き、透明容器１０の底面の面積に等しい面積を有し、例えば透明プラスチック板によって構成されており、水を滴下させる無数の孔３５が穿設されたものである。   The moisture holding mechanism 30 is constituted by a soil placing table 33 constituted by a plate 31 and needle-like leg portions 32 and a soil holding sheet 34. As shown in FIG. 2, the plate 31 has an area equal to the area of the bottom surface of the transparent container 10 except for a portion where the position of the water tank 20 is notched, and is constituted by a transparent plastic plate, for example. An infinite number of holes 35 for dropping water are formed.

針状脚部３２は、図３に示されているように水槽２０が入る位置が切欠された部分を除き、透明容器１０の底面の面積より僅かに狭い面積を有している。針状脚部３２は、所要長の角棒３６を縦横に直交するように格子状に配置して無数の格子孔３７を形成したものである。角棒３６における交差点の裏面側には透明容器１０の底面側へ延びる針状の脚体３８が設けられている。   As shown in FIG. 3, the needle-like leg portion 32 has an area slightly narrower than the area of the bottom surface of the transparent container 10, except for a portion where a position where the water tank 20 enters is cut out. The needle-like legs 32 are formed by arranging innumerable lattice holes 37 by arranging square bars 36 having a required length in a lattice shape so as to be orthogonal to each other in the vertical and horizontal directions. Needle-like legs 38 extending toward the bottom surface of the transparent container 10 are provided on the back side of the intersection of the square bars 36.

透明容器１０の底面に対して、針状脚部３２が配置され、その上にプレート３１が載置される。土壌保持シート３４は、細かなメッシュを有する網状のシートであり、ある程度の水分を含んだ土壌を保持可能に、また、余分な水を落下させるように構成されている。土壌保持シート３４は、水槽２０の位置の部位を針状脚部３２とプレート３１の切欠部から垂らして、透明容器１０の底面に這わせるように切込部３９を有している。   Needle-like legs 32 are disposed on the bottom surface of the transparent container 10, and the plate 31 is placed thereon. The soil holding sheet 34 is a net-like sheet having a fine mesh, and is configured to be able to hold soil containing a certain amount of moisture and to drop excess water. The soil holding sheet 34 has a notch 39 so that the part of the water tank 20 is hung from the needle-like leg 32 and the notch of the plate 31 and is placed on the bottom surface of the transparent container 10.

図４及びその要部断面図である図５に示すように、針状脚部３２とプレート３１の切欠部に配置される水槽２０は、例えばプラスチック製の透明な容器であり、水分保持機構３０の上部に概ね平らに載置された土壌４１を超えて、開口部２１側が突出する程度の高さ寸法を有している。例えば、縦１５０mm、横１００mm、高さ１００mm程度のものを用いる。この水槽２０に、８０〜１００mm程度満たした場合、終齢幼虫は、ヘイケボタルで最大５０匹、ゲンジボタルで最大２０匹程度入れることが可能である。   As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, which is a cross-sectional view of the main part thereof, the water tank 20 disposed in the notch portion of the needle-like leg portion 32 and the plate 31 is a transparent container made of plastic, for example, and includes a moisture holding mechanism 30. It has a height dimension such that the opening 21 side protrudes beyond the soil 41 placed almost flat on the top of the. For example, those having a length of about 150 mm, a width of 100 mm, and a height of about 100 mm are used. When the tank 20 is filled with about 80 to 100 mm, it is possible to put up to 50 larvae at the maximum in Heike fireflies and about 20 in Genji fireflies.

水槽２０の一対の開口辺には、水槽蓋２５を開口部２１においてスライドさせる逆Ｌ字状のガイド２２が備えられている。水槽蓋２５は、ホタル羽化後の産卵時に使用するため、水槽２０の開口部２１に対して着脱可能に蓋をするように設けられるもので、複数の透孔２６を備えている。   A pair of opening sides of the water tank 20 is provided with an inverted L-shaped guide 22 for sliding the water tank lid 25 at the opening 21. The aquarium lid 25 is provided to detachably cover the opening 21 of the aquarium 20 and is provided with a plurality of through holes 26 for use during spawning after the emergence of fireflies.

また、ホタルの飼育・観察装置には、傾斜通路を構成する通路板２８が備えられている。通路板２８は、水槽２０の開口部２１と略同じ形状であり、ガイド２２が備えられている二辺よりも長い辺を有している。通路板２８は、水槽２０の開口部２１の一辺に着脱可能に立て掛けられ、一つの辺が水槽２０の底面と側面の角部に当接するようにして用いられ、水槽２０の水中から土壌４１へホタルの終齢幼虫が到る通路を提供する。このため、通路板２８の表面側は、砂等が接着剤により付設された滑り止め加工された面となっている。   The firefly breeding / observation apparatus is provided with a passage plate 28 constituting an inclined passage. The passage plate 28 has substantially the same shape as the opening 21 of the water tank 20 and has a longer side than the two sides on which the guides 22 are provided. The passage plate 28 is detachably stood on one side of the opening 21 of the aquarium 20, and is used so that one side abuts against the bottom and side corners of the aquarium 20. Provide a passage for fireflies to reach the final larvae. For this reason, the surface side of the passage plate 28 is a non-slip processed surface in which sand or the like is attached by an adhesive.

図６に示すように、遮光板１５は、土壌４１の敷き詰められる位置に対応する上記透明容器１０の四側壁１１を囲繞し、少なくとも一部が着脱可能となっている。ここでは、遮光板１５は黒いプラスチックなどの樹脂や紙製の長方形の細長い板であり、弾性を有するリング状の帯体１６により透明容器１０の四側壁１１に全てが着脱可能に押圧されている。このため、帯体１６から所望位置或いは全ての遮光板１５を外して、土壌４１へ潜り込んだホタルの終齢幼虫や蛹を観察可能である。勿論、遮光板１５は、透明容器１０の側壁１１面の上下方向へ移動させるための枠を透明容器１０の側板の接合部に設け、遮光板１５を着脱可能としても良い。また、透明容器１０の側壁１１の接合部にヒンジを設け、回転により遮光板１５を着脱可能に構成しても良い。   As shown in FIG. 6, the light shielding plate 15 surrounds the four side walls 11 of the transparent container 10 corresponding to the positions where the soil 41 is spread, and at least a part of the light shielding plate 15 is detachable. Here, the light shielding plate 15 is a rectangular elongated plate made of a resin such as black plastic or paper, and is all pressed against the four side walls 11 of the transparent container 10 by an elastic ring-shaped strip 16. . For this reason, it is possible to remove the desired position or all the light shielding plates 15 from the band 16 and observe the firefly last-instar larvae and pupae that have entered the soil 41. Of course, the light shielding plate 15 may be provided with a frame for moving in the vertical direction of the surface of the side wall 11 of the transparent container 10 at the joint portion of the side plate of the transparent container 10 so that the light shielding plate 15 can be attached and detached. Further, a hinge may be provided at the joint portion of the side wall 11 of the transparent container 10, and the light shielding plate 15 may be configured to be detachable by rotation.

図６に示すように、容器蓋１８は、透明容器１０の上部開口部２１を塞ぐもので、開口部２１から側壁１１側へ垂れるように立体縫製された例えばプラスチック製ネットにより構成することができる。容器蓋１８の端縁には、端縁を一周する弾性を有する紐体１９が縫い付けられており、紐体１９によって透明容器１０の側壁１１を緊縛して、容器蓋１８により透明容器１０の上部開口部１２を厳重に塞ぐことができ、透明容器１０の上部開口部１２と容器蓋１８の隙間からホタル成虫の逃亡を防止する構成を採用している。   As shown in FIG. 6, the container lid 18 closes the upper opening 21 of the transparent container 10, and can be constituted by, for example, a plastic net that is three-dimensionally sewn so as to hang from the opening 21 toward the side wall 11. . An elastic string 19 that wraps around the edge is sewn on the edge of the container lid 18, and the side wall 11 of the transparent container 10 is tightly bound by the string 19, and the transparent container 10 is sealed by the container lid 18. The upper opening 12 can be tightly closed, and a configuration that prevents the escape of adult fireflies from the gap between the upper opening 12 of the transparent container 10 and the container lid 18 is adopted.

土壌４１は、赤土や砂などによりホタルが好む程度の保水機能を持たされたもので、中性にされている。この土壌４１は図４及び図５に示すように、水分保持機構３０の上部に概ね平らに載置され、概ね８０mm〜１５０mm程度の高さとなる量である。   The soil 41 has a water retention function to the extent that fireflies like red soil or sand, and is neutralized. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the soil 41 is mounted on the upper part of the water retention mechanism 30 so as to be approximately flat and has a height of approximately 80 mm to 150 mm.

本実施例に係るホタルの飼育・観察装置には、ホタルの産卵場所となる産卵床である水苔４５、ホタルの休憩場所となる人口（例えば、プラスチック製）または天然の植栽５１、図８に示すような霧吹き器５５を備える。水苔４５は水を十分に含ませて、水槽蓋２５上に載置して用いる。水苔４５に代えて保水性のある同様の植物や繊維などを産卵床としても良い。植栽５１は、根元部分を所望位置の土壌４１中に埋設して用いる。霧吹き器５５は、一日例えば５回程度の頻度で、土壌４１を中心として全体に霧吹ききして土壌４１の水分量を好適に保持するために用いる。   The firefly breeding / observation apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a moss layer 45 serving as a spawning bed as a spawning place for fireflies, a population (for example, made of plastic) serving as a resting place for fireflies, or a natural planting 51, FIG. A spray sprayer 55 as shown in FIG. The moss 45 contains water sufficiently and is placed on the water tank lid 25 for use. Instead of the moss 45, a similar plant or fiber having water retention may be used as a spawning bed. The planting 51 is used by burying the root portion in the soil 41 at a desired position. The atomizer 55 is used for suitably holding the moisture content of the soil 41 by spraying the entire area around the soil 41 at a frequency of, for example, about 5 times a day.

以上の各構成要素が適切に配置された状態にホタルの飼育・観察装置を作成する。また図９に示すように、２０匹程度のホタルの終齢幼虫７０を、ビニール袋６１に水と酸素と共に封入して発泡スチロール容器６０に梱包する。勿論、水槽２０には水を入れない。この発泡スチロール容器６０と共に、ホタルの飼育・観察装置における残りの構成部品を透明容器１０内にセットして図１０に示す如くのホタルの飼育・観察キットとし、販売する。   A firefly breeding / observation device is created in a state where the above-described components are appropriately arranged. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, about 20 firefly last-instar larvae 70 are enclosed in a plastic bag 61 together with water and oxygen and packed in a foamed polystyrene container 60. Of course, the water tank 20 is not filled with water. The remaining components of the firefly breeding / observation device are set in the transparent container 10 together with the polystyrene foam container 60 to be sold as a firefly breeding / observation kit as shown in FIG.

植栽５１、霧吹き器５５、更には、容器蓋１８、場合によっては水苔４５は、ホタルの飼育・観察キットとして必須とせず、購入者において用意して頂くようにしても良い。また、土壌４１は別にビニール袋に入れて梱包し、購入者がビニール袋から出して所要位置にセットするようにしても良い。   The planting 51, the atomizer 55, and the container lid 18, and in some cases the moss 45 are not essential as a firefly breeding / observation kit, and may be prepared by the purchaser. Alternatively, the soil 41 may be separately packed in a plastic bag, and the purchaser may take it out of the plastic bag and set it at a required position.

購入者は、上記キットに同封された図示しない飼育手引き書などに基づき、水槽２０に８０mm〜１００mm程度の水位となるように、井戸水や浄化した水道水を入れ、ビニール袋６１内の終齢幼虫を水槽２０内の水中に投入する。終齢幼虫と水が入った水槽２０に通路板２８をセットして、これを透明容器１０内に図４のように配置する。   The purchaser puts well water or purified tap water in the aquarium 20 so that the water level is about 80 mm to 100 mm based on a breeding guide (not shown) enclosed in the kit, and the infancy larva in the plastic bag 61 Is put into the water in the water tank 20. The passage plate 28 is set in the water tank 20 containing the last-instar larvae and water, and this is arranged in the transparent container 10 as shown in FIG.

更に、遮光板１５により透明容器１０の側壁１１における土壌４１に対応する位置を覆い、植栽５１の付根部分を所望位置の土壌４１中に埋設して固定し、透明容器１０の上部開口部１２に容器蓋１８をセットして、図６に示すホタルの飼育観察装置を完成する。   Furthermore, the position corresponding to the soil 41 on the side wall 11 of the transparent container 10 is covered by the light shielding plate 15, and the root portion of the planting 51 is embedded and fixed in the soil 41 at the desired position, and the upper opening 12 of the transparent container 10. The container lid 18 is set to the firefly breeding observation apparatus shown in FIG.

上記の状態において、終齢幼虫は水槽２０の水中において尾足付近を発光させながら餌を採らずに生活する。終齢幼虫が上陸の時期を向かえると、水中で尾足付近を２箇所発光させながら水槽２０に設けられた通路板２８を上り、土壌４１の上に到達し、土壌４１の上を這い回る。   In the above state, the instar larvae live in the water of the water tank 20 without taking food while emitting light near the tail leg. When the end-of-life larva reaches the time of landing, it goes up the passage plate 28 provided in the aquarium 20 while emitting light in the vicinity of the tail foot in the water, reaches the soil 41, and crawls on the soil 41.

透明容器１０の側壁１１などの障害物に突き当たると、ホタルの習性としてそこが、安全な場所として留まりその後、土の中に潜る。このとき、遮光板１５が設けてあるため、透明容器１０の側壁１１に接した位置に潜ることになり、遮光板１５を取り除いて観察が可能である。   When it hits an obstacle such as the side wall 11 of the transparent container 10, it remains as a safe place as a firefly habit, and then dives into the soil. At this time, since the light shielding plate 15 is provided, the light is diverted to a position in contact with the side wall 11 of the transparent container 10, and the light shielding plate 15 can be removed for observation.

土壌４１に潜った終齢幼虫は、１度脱皮し蛹に変態する。ホタルは、成虫のみだけではなく、幼虫や蛹においても発光するため、遮光板１５を取り除いてホタルの神秘的な光を観察が可能である。その後、２０日〜５０日程度かけて成虫となり、土壌４１中から上がり空中に飛び出す。この時点で、成虫は盛んに発光するので、透明容器１０の側壁１１を介して神秘的な光を楽しむことができる。   The instar larvae that have submerged in the soil 41 are moulted once and transformed into cocoons. Since fireflies emit light not only in adults, but also in larvae and pupae, it is possible to observe the mysterious light of the fireflies by removing the light shielding plate 15. Then, it becomes an adult over 20 to 50 days, rises from the soil 41 and jumps out into the air. At this point, the adult illuminates vigorously, so that the mysterious light can be enjoyed through the side wall 11 of the transparent container 10.

ホタルが成虫となって飛び交うようになったときに、水槽蓋２５を水槽２０の開口部２１にセットして、水苔４５に水を十分に含ませて、水槽蓋２５上に載置する。水槽２０に、井戸水や浄化した水道水を適宜補充するなどして、図７に示すホタルの飼育・観察装置を作成する。   When the firefly becomes an adult and starts to fly, the aquarium lid 25 is set in the opening 21 of the aquarium 20, and the water moss 45 is sufficiently contained and placed on the aquarium lid 25. The water tank 20 is appropriately supplemented with well water or purified tap water to create the firefly breeding / observation apparatus shown in FIG.

ホタルの成虫は植栽５１などを休息場所として、水を飲み生活する。成虫は、飛び立ち直ぐに交尾し、交尾後、水苔４５に産卵する。このとき、卵の発光を楽しむことができる。卵は、３０日〜４０日後に１齢幼虫として育ち、水苔４５から水槽蓋２５に備えられた複数の透孔２６を介して下部の水槽２０の水中に落下し、水中で生活を始める。   The adult firefly drinks water with the planting 51 as a resting place. Adults mate immediately after they fly, and lay eggs in the moss 45 after mating. At this time, you can enjoy the light emission of the egg. The eggs grow up as first-instar larvae 30 to 40 days later, fall from the moss 45 into the water of the lower aquarium 20 through the plurality of through holes 26 provided in the aquarium lid 25, and start living in the water.

以上の通り本実施例に係るホタルの飼育・観察装置によれば、まず飼育初期の段階では、水槽２０の水中に放たれた終齢幼虫の発光については、水槽２０上部から覗き込んで観察できる。次に、終齢幼虫が全て上陸し、土壌４１に潜った後は、土壌４１部分を覆っている複数枚の遮光板１５を適宜開けて、蛹の発光を観察できる。蛹の観察にあって、周囲が明るい環境では蛹全体の状態を観察することができ、周囲が暗い環境では蛹の発光を観察することができる。斯くして、本実施例に係るホタルの飼育・観察装置によって、終齢幼虫、蛹、成虫、交尾、産卵、１齢幼虫の誕生までを飼育・観察することができる。   As described above, according to the firefly breeding / observation apparatus according to the present embodiment, at the initial stage of breeding, the light emission of the last-instar larvae released into the water in the aquarium 20 can be observed from the upper part of the aquarium 20. . Next, after all the instar larvae have landed and dived in the soil 41, the light shielding plates 15 covering the portion of the soil 41 can be appropriately opened to observe the light emission of the moths. In the observation of wrinkles, the state of the whole wrinkles can be observed in an environment where the surroundings are bright, and the light emission of wrinkles can be observed in an environment where the surroundings are dark. Thus, the firefly breeding / observation apparatus according to the present embodiment can breed and observe the final instar larvae, pupae, adults, mating, egg laying, and birth of the first instar larvae.

本実施例に係るホタルの飼育・観察装置においては、水槽２０において１齢幼虫より後の飼育は予定していない。このため、１齢幼虫を更に飼育するためには、餌を与えて、特に水管理を厳格に行うことができる飼育施設により飼育を行うことになる。なお、１齢幼虫までの飼育観察を行った後のホタルの飼育・観察装置については、再び、終齢幼虫を手に入れて上記と同様の過程を経てホタルの飼育・観察に用いることができる。この場合において、土壌４１については日干しをして殺菌し、井戸水や浄化した水道水を加えて元の水分を含んだ状態として用いると好適である。また、透明容器１０や水槽２０、その他の部材については、洗浄して用いると好適である。   In the firefly breeding / observation apparatus according to the present embodiment, breeding after the first instar larva in the aquarium 20 is not planned. For this reason, in order to further raise 1st instar larvae, they are fed in a breeding facility where food is given and water management can be performed strictly. In addition, about the breeding / observation apparatus of the firefly after performing the breeding observation up to the first instar larva, it can be used for breeding / observation of the firefly through the same process as described above after obtaining the instar larvae again. . In this case, the soil 41 is preferably sterilized by sun-drying and added with well water or purified tap water so as to contain the original moisture. Moreover, about the transparent container 10, the water tank 20, and another member, it is suitable when it wash | cleans and uses.

１０ 透明容器
１１ 側壁
１２ 開口部
１５ 遮光板
１８ 容器蓋
２０ 水槽
２５ 水槽蓋
３０ 水分保持機構
３１ プレート
３２ 針状脚部
３３ 土壌載置台
３４ 土壌保持シート DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Transparent container 11 Side wall 12 Opening part 15 Light shielding plate 18 Container cover 20 Water tank 25 Water tank cover 30 Moisture retention mechanism 31 Plate 32 Needle-shaped leg part 33 Soil mounting base 34 Soil retention sheet

実用新案登録第３１２７９６５明細書Utility Model Registration No. 3127965 Specification 特開２００１−１７８３１０号公報JP 2001-178310 A

Claims (6)

観察用の透明容器と、
前記透明容器内に配置され、ホタルの幼虫が棲むための水を入れる水槽と、
前記水槽以外の前記透明容器内に敷き詰めるための土壌と、
前記水槽から前記土壌へホタルの終齢幼虫が到る、滑り止め加工された傾斜通路と、
前記水槽の上面に対して着脱可能に蓋をするように設けられ、複数の透孔を備える水槽蓋と、
前記土壌の敷き詰められる位置に対応する前記透明容器の側壁を囲繞し、少なくとも一部が着脱可能な遮光板と
を具備することを特徴とするホタルの飼育・観察装置。 A transparent container for observation;
A water tank placed in the transparent container for containing water for firefly larvae to bite;
Soil for spreading in the transparent container other than the water tank;
An anti-slip slanted passageway that reaches the last-year firefly larvae from the aquarium to the soil,
A water tank lid provided to detachably cover the upper surface of the water tank, and comprising a plurality of through holes;
A firefly breeding / observation apparatus comprising: a light shielding plate that surrounds a side wall of the transparent container corresponding to a position where the soil is spread, and at least a part of which is removable. 前記透明容器の底面と前記土壌との間に配置され、前記土壌に水分を保持させる水分保持機構を更に備えることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のホタルの飼育・観察装置。 The firefly breeding / observation apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a moisture retention mechanism that is disposed between a bottom surface of the transparent container and the soil and that retains moisture in the soil. 水分保持機構は、
一面に水分を透過させる孔を有し、透明容器の底面側に突出した複数の針状脚部とを有する土壌載置台と、
前記土壌載置台と土壌の間に介装され、土壌を保持する土壌保持シートと
を備えていることを特徴とする請求項２に記載のホタルの飼育・観察装置。 The moisture retention mechanism
A soil mounting table having a plurality of needle-like legs protruding to the bottom surface side of the transparent container, having a hole that allows moisture to permeate on one surface;
The firefly breeding / observation apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising: a soil holding sheet that is interposed between the soil mounting table and the soil and holds the soil. 水槽蓋上に載置し、ホタルの産卵場所となる産卵床と、
ホタルの休憩場所となる人口または天然の植栽と、
透明容器の上部開口部を塞ぐ容器蓋と
を更に備えることを特徴とする請求項１乃至３のいずれか１項に記載のホタルの飼育・観察装置。 A spawning bed placed on the aquarium lid and serving as a spawning place for fireflies,
Population or natural planting as a resting place for fireflies,
The firefly breeding / observation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: a container lid that closes an upper opening of the transparent container. 請求項１乃至４のいずれか１項に記載のホタルの飼育・観察装置と、
容器詰めされたホタルの終齢幼虫と
を組み合わせたことを特徴とするホタルの飼育・観察キット。 A firefly breeding / observation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A firefly breeding / observation kit characterized by combining with a firefly last-year-old larva packed in a container. 更に、霧吹き器を更に組み合わせたことを特徴とする請求項５に記載のホタルの飼育・観察キット。 6. The firefly breeding / observation kit according to claim 5, further comprising a spray sprayer.
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CN106172254A (en) * 2016-08-03 2016-12-07 南京大学 A kind of fly larvae and maggot material device for effectively separating

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KR101229916B1 (en) * 2012-07-30 2013-02-05 장갑수 Apparatus for observing an ecological precess of the matured larvae of fireflies to imagoes and their breeding
KR101688733B1 (en) * 2015-06-10 2016-12-21 최재화 Selecting Apparatus for yellow worm
CN110742022B (en) * 2019-10-24 2021-07-30 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 Trichogramma collection device that lays eggs
CN114145270A (en) * 2021-12-14 2022-03-08 广东省科学院南繁种业研究所 Indoor large-scale feeding device and method for lepidoptera insect larvae

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