JP4677631B2 - Wind load reducing device and wind power generation system - Google Patents

Wind load reducing device and wind power generation system Download PDF

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JP4677631B2
JP4677631B2 JP2005089261A JP2005089261A JP4677631B2 JP 4677631 B2 JP4677631 B2 JP 4677631B2 JP 2005089261 A JP2005089261 A JP 2005089261A JP 2005089261 A JP2005089261 A JP 2005089261A JP 4677631 B2 JP4677631 B2 JP 4677631B2
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wind
closing plate
wind power
power generator
wind speed
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JP2006266236A (en
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康 植松
壽一 野澤
重樹 桂
亮治 佐々木
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Tohoku University NUC
Nishimatsu Construction Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/30—Wind power
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
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    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

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Description

本発明は、台風などの強風時に、風力発電機にかかる風荷重を低減させ、強風時でも風力発電機の連続稼働を可能にする風荷重低減装置および該装置を用いた風力発電システムに関する。   The present invention relates to a wind load reducing device that reduces a wind load applied to a wind power generator during a strong wind such as a typhoon and enables continuous operation of the wind power generator even during a strong wind, and a wind power generation system using the device.

エネルギー源として、大量の石油資源が消費されることにより、大量の炭酸ガスが発生し、地球温暖化の問題が深刻になっている。これまで、生活に必要なガスや電気は、主として、安定供給が可能な石油資源から得ている。石油資源は、このままの使用量では数十年で枯渇すると予想されており、また、環境の問題から、石油資源に代わるエネルギーの開発が急務とされている。特に、大気を汚染することのないクリーンなエネルギーが期待されており、その一部として、風力発電、波による海面の上下動を利用する波力発電、潮位の差を利用する潮力発電などが行われている。   As a large amount of petroleum resources are consumed as an energy source, a large amount of carbon dioxide gas is generated, and the problem of global warming has become serious. Until now, gas and electricity necessary for daily life have been obtained mainly from petroleum resources that can be stably supplied. Petroleum resources are expected to be depleted in decades if used as they are, and due to environmental problems, development of energy to replace petroleum resources is urgently needed. In particular, clean energy that does not pollute the atmosphere is expected, and some of these include wind power generation, wave power generation that uses the vertical movement of the sea surface by waves, and tidal power generation that uses the difference in tide level. Has been done.

風力発電は、風の力で風車を回し、風車の回転運動を変換して電気エネルギーを取り出すものである。この風力発電は、風が、自然界に無尽蔵に存在しており、発電時に炭酸ガスやその他の廃棄物を出さないクリーンエネルギーであることから、これからのエネルギー源として期待されている。しかしながら、風は、常時、一定方向に、かつ一定量の風量をもつものではないため、エネルギー源としては不安定であり、立地箇所に制約があるといった問題がある。   In wind power generation, the wind turbine is rotated by the power of the wind, and the rotational motion of the wind turbine is converted to extract electric energy. This wind power generation is expected as an energy source in the future because the wind is inexhaustible in nature and is clean energy that does not emit carbon dioxide and other waste during power generation. However, since the wind does not always have a constant amount of air in a certain direction, there is a problem that it is unstable as an energy source and there are restrictions on the location.

ここで、風力発電するための風力発電システムについて説明する。図１に、従来から知られているプロペラ型風力発電システムの構成例を示す。図１に示す風力発電システムは、地盤に構築される基礎１０と、基礎１０上に設置されるタワー１１と、タワー１１の頭頂部に設けられる、風を受けて回転運動に変換する複数の羽根からなるブレード１２と、回転運動を電気エネルギーに変換する発電機１３と、ブレード１２と発電機１３との間に設けられ、発電機が発電を行うために必要な回転数まで増速させる増速機１４と、必要に応じてブレードの回転を停止させるブレーキ装置１５と、風を最大限に受けるため、ブレードの角度を制御する可変ピッチ１６と、風車の方向を制御するヨー駆動装置１７とを含んで構成される。さらに、風力発電システムは、発電機１３と接続され、直流、交流を変換する電力変換装置１８と、電力変換装置１８に接続され、後流側の系統への電気の電圧を変換するトランス１９とを含む。   Here, a wind power generation system for generating wind power will be described. FIG. 1 shows a configuration example of a conventionally known propeller-type wind power generation system. The wind power generation system shown in FIG. 1 includes a foundation 10 constructed on the ground, a tower 11 installed on the foundation 10, and a plurality of blades provided on the top of the tower 11 that receive wind and convert it into rotational motion. A blade 12 comprising: a generator 13 for converting rotational motion into electrical energy; and a speed increase provided between the blade 12 and the power generator 13 to increase the rotational speed necessary for the power generator to generate power. Machine 14, brake device 15 that stops the rotation of the blade as necessary, variable pitch 16 that controls the angle of the blade to receive the maximum wind, and yaw drive device 17 that controls the direction of the windmill. Consists of including. Furthermore, the wind power generation system is connected to the generator 13 and converts a direct current and an alternating current into a power converter 18, and is connected to the power converter 18 and a transformer 19 that converts an electrical voltage to the downstream system. including.

風力発電システムとしては、大型化が可能で、出力の大きいプロペラ型水平軸風車が主力となっているが、その他、風向きを選ばずに発電を行うことができる垂直軸風車、翼の揚力を利用して高速回転を得る揚力型風車、風の翼を押す力で低速回転する抗力型風車、翼の角度を制御し、最適な揚力を得る、機能向上させたピッチ制御式風車など、様々な風車が採用されている。その設置場所は、これまで、風況の良い、山岳、離島などの急峻な地形に多かったが、近年では、ビルの屋上や、屋根の最も高い場所である棟部などの建物にも設置されるようになっている（例えば、特許文献１〜特許文献５参照）。   As a wind power generation system, a propeller-type horizontal axis wind turbine that can be increased in size and has a large output is the mainstay, but in addition, a vertical axis wind turbine that can generate power regardless of the wind direction, utilizing the lift of the blades Various wind turbines, such as a lift-type wind turbine that obtains high-speed rotation, a drag-type wind turbine that rotates at low speed by the force of pushing the blades of the wind, and a pitch-controlled wind turbine with improved functions that controls the angle of the blades to obtain optimum lift Is adopted. Up to now, the installation location has been mostly on steep terrain such as mountains and remote islands with good wind conditions, but in recent years it has also been installed on buildings such as rooftops and ridges where the roof is the highest. (For example, see Patent Documents 1 to 5).

図１に示すプロペラ型風車は、低風速では回転しにくいといった問題があり、ビルや住宅が密集する場所では、低風速であるため、充分な発電量が得られず、また、運転中の騒音振動も大きいことから、実用的ではないといった問題があった。   The propeller type windmill shown in FIG. 1 has a problem that it is difficult to rotate at a low wind speed. In a place where a building or a house is dense, the wind speed is low, so that a sufficient power generation amount cannot be obtained, and noise during operation is also obtained. Due to the large vibration, there was a problem that it was not practical.

そこで、横長型水平軸風車と、その横長型水平軸風車の回転動力によって発電する発電機とを備える風力発電装置が提案されている（特許文献６参照）。この装置は、傾斜した屋根面で風速を加速させ、風力エネルギーを増大させた状態で運転することができるため、大きな電力を得ることができる。また、この装置は、横長型水平軸風車を内設し、風の流路を形成する風車カバーを備えることもでき、この風車カバーによって、加速された風を有効に、風車に導くことができるとともに、羽根などが飛散しにくく、周囲に危害を与える危険性の低い安全な装置として提供することができる。   Therefore, a wind turbine generator has been proposed that includes a horizontally long horizontal axis wind turbine and a generator that generates electric power using the rotational power of the horizontally long horizontal axis wind turbine (see Patent Document 6). Since this apparatus can be operated in a state where the wind speed is accelerated on the inclined roof surface and the wind energy is increased, a large electric power can be obtained. In addition, this apparatus can also include a windmill cover that has a horizontally long horizontal axis windmill and forms a flow passage of wind, and this windmill cover can effectively guide accelerated wind to the windmill. At the same time, it is possible to provide a safe device that is less likely to scatter wings and the like and has a low risk of harming the surroundings.

しかしながら、上記風力発電装置を含めた従来の風力発電システムは、通常時、発電機を稼働させて発電を行い、台風といった強風時には、システムの風車にかかる風荷重が著しく大きく、発電機を破損させるため、発電機を停止させている。また、棟部やビルの屋上などに設置されている風力発電システムにおいては、このシステムにかかる風荷重が、システムを介して建物にもかかり、その風荷重が著しく大きい場合には、建物を破損させる。したがって、風荷重を受けないよう、停止させる策が採られている。   However, the conventional wind power generation system including the wind power generation apparatus normally generates power by operating the power generator. When a strong wind such as a typhoon, the wind load applied to the wind turbine of the system is remarkably large and damages the power generator. Therefore, the generator is stopped. Also, in a wind power generation system installed on a ridge or on the roof of a building, the wind load applied to the system is also applied to the building through the system, and if the wind load is extremely large, the building is damaged. Let Therefore, measures are taken to stop the wind load.

しかしながら、台風などの強風時は、エネルギーを得ることができる最良の機会であり、この強風時においても、発電機の稼働を停止させることなく発電することができ、かつ建物にかかる風荷重を低減させることができるシステムが望まれている。
特開２００３−０３５２５２号公報 特開２００３−０８３２３１号公報 特開２００３−１６６４６２号公報 特開２００３−２２２０７１号公報 特開２００４−０１９６４７号公報 特開２００３−１２９９４１号公報 However, during strong winds such as typhoons, it is the best opportunity to obtain energy. Even in such strong winds, power can be generated without stopping the operation of the generator, and the wind load on the building can be reduced. There is a need for a system that can be used.
JP 2003-035252 A JP 2003-083231 A JP 2003-166462 A JP 2003-222071 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-019674 JP 2003-129941 A

本発明は、上述の問題を解決するためになされたものであり、台風などの強風時において、発電機を連続稼働させて発電することができ、かつ風力発電システムを屋上などに設置した場合においても、その強風によって発電機および建物にかかる風荷重を低減させることができる風荷重低減装置、および該装置を用いる風力発電システムを提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem. In a strong wind such as a typhoon, the generator can be continuously operated to generate power, and the wind power generation system is installed on a rooftop or the like. Another object of the present invention is to provide a wind load reducing device capable of reducing the wind load applied to the generator and the building by the strong wind, and a wind power generation system using the device.

本発明は、所定の風速を超えた場合に、それを感知して、スリット状の複数の開口を備えた板で、吸込口および排出口を閉鎖し、風力発電機へと流入する風量（または風速）を低減させることで、発電機にかかる風荷重を低減させ、強風時でも発電機の連続稼働が可能になることを見出すことによりなされたものである。上記課題は、本発明の風荷重低減装置および該装置を用いる風力発電システムを提供することにより達成される。   In the present invention, when a predetermined wind speed is exceeded, it is detected, and a plate having a plurality of slit-like openings is used to close the suction port and the discharge port, and the amount of air flowing into the wind power generator (or By reducing the wind speed), the wind load applied to the generator is reduced, and it has been made by finding that the generator can be continuously operated even in a strong wind. The above object is achieved by providing a wind load reducing device of the present invention and a wind power generation system using the device.

本発明の請求項１の発明によれば、風力発電機にかかる風荷重を低減させる風荷重低減装置であって、
内設される風力発電機の風車を回転させるために風道を形成する２つの通風口と、
所定風速以上で転倒する風速感知板と、
スリット状の複数の開口を備え、前記風力発電機の風車の周囲を回動して、前記所定風速以上で前記２つの通風口のそれぞれを閉鎖する閉鎖板と、
前記風速感知板と前記閉鎖板との間に配設され、前記所定風速以上になるまで、前記閉鎖板の回動を、前記閉鎖板への押圧によって抑止させる回動抑止部材とを含む、風荷重低減装置が提供される。 According to the invention of claim 1 of the present invention, it is a wind load reducing device for reducing the wind load applied to the wind power generator,
Two vents that form a wind path to rotate the wind turbine of the wind generator installed inside,
A wind speed sensing plate that falls over a predetermined wind speed;
A closing plate that includes a plurality of slit-shaped openings, rotates around the wind turbine of the wind power generator, and closes each of the two ventilation openings at the predetermined wind speed or higher;
A wind restraining member that is disposed between the wind speed sensing plate and the closing plate, and that prevents the turning of the closing plate by being pressed against the closing plate until the wind speed becomes equal to or higher than the predetermined wind speed. A load reduction device is provided.

本発明の請求項２の発明によれば、前記回動抑止部材は、前記閉鎖板への押圧によって反発力を生じさせる弾性体である、風荷重低減装置が提供される。   According to invention of Claim 2 of this invention, the said rotation suppression member is a wind load reduction apparatus which is an elastic body which produces a repulsive force by the press to the said closure board.

本発明の請求項３の発明によれば、前記２つの通風口は、前記風力発電機の風車を一方向に回転させるため、一方の通風口が鉛直方向の上側に、他方の通風口が鉛直方向の下側に設けられる、風荷重低減装置が提供される。   According to the invention of claim 3 of the present invention, the two ventilation openings rotate the wind turbine of the wind power generator in one direction, so that one ventilation opening is on the upper side in the vertical direction and the other ventilation opening is vertical. A wind load reduction device is provided which is provided below the direction.

本発明の請求項４の発明によれば、前記風荷重低減装置は、住宅の屋根の棟部に設置され、前記一方の通風口は、前記風力発電機の風車の上部を覆う屋根部と、前記住宅の屋根から前記鉛直方向の上側に向いて傾斜する第１傾斜板とによって形成され、前記他方の通風口は、前記住宅の屋根と、前記屋根部から前記鉛直方向の下側に向いて傾斜する第２傾斜板とによって形成される、風荷重低減装置が提供される。   According to invention of Claim 4 of this invention, the said wind load reduction apparatus is installed in the ridge part of the roof of a house, Said one ventilation port is the roof part which covers the upper part of the windmill of the said wind power generator, The first inclined plate is inclined from the roof of the house toward the upper side in the vertical direction, and the other ventilation opening is directed from the roof of the house to the lower side in the vertical direction from the roof part. There is provided a wind load reducing device formed by an inclined second inclined plate.

本発明の請求項５の発明によれば、前記閉鎖板に設けられる複数の開口の開口率が、５０％〜６０％とされる、風荷重低減装置が提供される。   According to the invention of claim 5 of the present invention, there is provided a wind load reducing device in which an opening ratio of a plurality of openings provided in the closing plate is 50% to 60%.

本発明の請求項６の発明によれば、風力発電機にかかる風荷重を低減させ、強風時においても、前記風力発電機を停止させることなく発電可能な風力発電システムであって、
前記風力発電機と、
内設される風力発電機の風車を回転させるために風道を形成する２つの通風口と、
所定風速以上で転倒する風速感知板と、
スリット状の複数の開口を備え、前記風力発電機の風車の周囲を回動して、前記所定風速以上で前記２つの通風口のそれぞれを閉鎖する閉鎖板と、
前記風速感知板と前記閉鎖板との間に配設され、前記所定風速以上になるまで、前記閉鎖板の回動を、前記閉鎖板への押圧によって抑止させる回動抑止部材とを含む、風力発電システムが提供される。 According to the invention of claim 6 of the present invention, it is a wind power generation system capable of reducing wind load applied to the wind power generator and generating power without stopping the wind power generator even in a strong wind,
The wind power generator;
Two vents that form a wind path to rotate the wind turbine of the wind generator installed inside,
A wind speed sensing plate that falls over a predetermined wind speed;
A closing plate that includes a plurality of slit-shaped openings, rotates around the wind turbine of the wind power generator, and closes each of the two ventilation openings at the predetermined wind speed or higher;
A wind suppression member disposed between the wind speed sensing plate and the closing plate, and including a rotation inhibiting member that suppresses the rotation of the closing plate by pressing the closing plate until the wind speed becomes equal to or higher than the predetermined wind speed. A power generation system is provided.

本発明の請求項７の発明によれば、前記回動抑止部材は、前記閉鎖板への押圧によって反発力を生じさせる弾性体である、風力発電システムが提供される。   According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wind power generation system in which the rotation restraining member is an elastic body that generates a repulsive force by being pressed against the closing plate.

本発明の請求項８の発明によれば、前記２つの通風口は、前記風力発電機の風車を一方向に回転させるため、一方の通風口が鉛直方向の上側に、他方の通風口が鉛直方向の下側に設けられる、風力発電システムが提供される。   According to the invention of claim 8 of the present invention, the two ventilation openings rotate the wind turbine of the wind power generator in one direction, so that one ventilation opening is on the upper side in the vertical direction and the other ventilation opening is vertical. A wind power generation system is provided that is provided below the direction.

本発明の請求項９の発明によれば、前記風荷重低減装置は、住宅の屋根の棟部に設置され、前記一方の通風口は、前記風力発電機の風車の上部を覆う屋根部と、前記住宅の屋根から前記鉛直方向の上側に向いて傾斜する第１傾斜板とによって形成され、前記他方の通風口は、前記住宅の屋根と、前記屋根部から前記鉛直方向の下側に向いて傾斜する第２傾斜板とによって形成される、風力発電システムが提供される。   According to invention of Claim 9 of this invention, the said wind load reduction apparatus is installed in the ridge part of the roof of a house, Said one ventilation port is the roof part which covers the upper part of the windmill of the said wind power generator, The first inclined plate is inclined from the roof of the house toward the upper side in the vertical direction, and the other ventilation opening is directed from the roof of the house to the lower side in the vertical direction from the roof part. A wind power generation system is provided that is formed by an inclined second inclined plate.

本発明の請求項１０の発明によれば、前記閉鎖板に設けられる複数の開口の開口率が、５０％〜６０％とされる、風力発電システムが提供される。   According to invention of Claim 10 of this invention, the wind power generation system by which the aperture ratio of several opening provided in the said closing board shall be 50%-60% is provided.

本発明の風荷重低減装置および風力発電システムを提供することにより、台風などの強風時でも、発電機を停止することなく、連続稼働させ、連続発電させることができ、発電効率を高めることができる。また、本発明の風荷重低減装置および風力発電システムを提供することにより、建物の屋上などに設置した場合でも、強風時において、発電機に過荷重がかかることはないため、建物の破損を防止することができる。さらに、強風時において、スリット状の複数の開口を備える閉鎖板で閉鎖するため、万一、風力発電機の風車が破損した場合でも、飛散を防止することができる。   By providing the wind load reducing device and the wind power generation system of the present invention, it is possible to continuously operate and continuously generate power without stopping the generator even during a strong wind such as a typhoon, and to improve power generation efficiency. . In addition, by providing the wind load reducing device and wind power generation system of the present invention, even when installed on the rooftop of a building, the generator is not overloaded during strong winds, preventing damage to the building can do. Furthermore, since it is closed with a closing plate having a plurality of slit-shaped openings during strong winds, even if the wind turbine of the wind power generator is damaged, scattering can be prevented.

本発明の風荷重低減装置は、台風などの強風時においても、風力発電機を停止させることなく、連続稼働を可能にするために用いられる装置である。まず、本発明の風荷重低減装置に適する風力発電機について説明する。本発明では、風力発電機はこれまで知られたいかなる型の発電機であってもよいが、ビルや住宅が密集した地域では、通常、低風速であることから、横長で、円筒形のクロスフロー型水平軸風車を備える風力発電機が好ましい。図２は、この水平軸風車を備える風力発電機を例示した図である。   The wind load reducing device of the present invention is a device used to enable continuous operation without stopping the wind power generator even in strong winds such as typhoons. First, a wind power generator suitable for the wind load reducing device of the present invention will be described. In the present invention, the wind power generator may be any type of power generator known so far. However, in an area where buildings and houses are densely populated, the wind speed generator is usually low in wind speed. A wind power generator equipped with a flow type horizontal axis wind turbine is preferred. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a wind power generator provided with the horizontal axis wind turbine.

図２に示す風力発電機２０は、回転軸２１と、回転軸２１の両端部に設けられ、回転軸２１の長さ方向への風の流れを防止する円盤２２と、円盤２２に挟まれるように回転軸２１に周設され、回転軸２１から円弧状に延び、風を受ける複数の羽根２３と、回転軸２１に連結され、回転軸２１の回転運動を電気エネルギーに変換する発電機２４とを備えている。風力発電機２０は、住宅の屋根の最も高い場所である棟部にボルトといった締結部材２５を用いて設置することができ、屋根に沿って吹き上げる風を複数の円弧状に延びる羽根２３が受けて、回転軸２１を回転させ、発電機２４で発電する。屋根に沿って吹き上げる風は、最も高い場所である棟部において最大風速になるため、この棟部に風力発電機２０を設置することで、効果的に発電することができる。   The wind power generator 20 shown in FIG. 2 is provided between a rotating shaft 21 and a disk 22 provided at both ends of the rotating shaft 21 to prevent the flow of wind in the length direction of the rotating shaft 21, and the disk 22. A plurality of blades 23 that are provided around the rotary shaft 21 and extend in an arc shape from the rotary shaft 21 to receive wind, and a generator 24 that is connected to the rotary shaft 21 and converts the rotary motion of the rotary shaft 21 into electric energy. It has. The wind power generator 20 can be installed on the ridge, which is the highest place on the roof of the house, using a fastening member 25 such as a bolt. The wind blown along the roof is received by blades 23 extending in a plurality of arcs. The rotating shaft 21 is rotated, and the generator 24 generates power. Since the wind blown up along the roof reaches the maximum wind speed in the ridge, which is the highest place, it is possible to effectively generate power by installing the wind power generator 20 in this ridge.

図３は、本発明の風荷重低減装置を例示した図である。本発明の風荷重低減装置は、内設される風力発電機の風車を回転させるために風道を形成する２つの通風口３０ａ、３０ｂと、所定風速以上で転倒する風速感知板３１と、スリット状の複数の開口３２を備え、風力発電機の風車の周囲を回動して、所定風速以上で２つの通風口３０ａ、３０ｂのそれぞれを閉鎖する閉鎖板３３ａ、３３ｂと、風速感知板３１と閉鎖板３３との間に配設され、所定風速以上になるまで、閉鎖板３３の回動を、閉鎖板３３への押圧によって抑止させる回動抑止部材３４とを含んで構成される。   FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a wind load reducing device of the present invention. The wind load reducing device of the present invention includes two ventilation ports 30a and 30b that form an air passage for rotating a wind turbine of an installed wind power generator, a wind speed sensing plate 31 that falls over a predetermined wind speed, and a slit. Closing plates 33a, 33b that rotate around the wind turbine of the wind power generator and close the two vent holes 30a, 30b at a predetermined wind speed or higher, and a wind speed sensing plate 31, respectively. A rotation inhibiting member 34 is disposed between the closing plate 33 and suppresses the rotation of the closing plate 33 by pressing the closing plate 33 until the wind speed exceeds a predetermined wind speed.

本発明の風荷重低減装置は、風力発電機を完全に包囲した構造であっても、風力発電機の回転軸の両端側が開放された構造であってもよい。図３に示す実施の形態では、回転軸の両端側が壁３５ａ、３５ｂによって閉鎖され、壁３５ｂは、風力発電機の風車を挿通させる図示しない穴が設けられている。２つの通風口３０ａ、３０ｂは、風力発電機を間に挟んで対向して設けられ、風力発電機の風車を一方向に回転させるため、一方の通風口３０ａが鉛直方向の上側に、他方の通風口３０ｂが鉛直方向の下側に設けられる。これは、一方の通風口３０ａに風が流入した場合、風力発電機の風車の上側の羽根に衝突し、風は、その羽根を押して、下側の他方の通風口３０ｂから排出され、また、風向きが変わり、他方の通風口３０ｂから風が流入した場合、風力発電機の風車の下側の羽根に衝突し、風がその羽根を押して、上側の一方の通風口３０ａから排出されるため、いずれにしろ、風車を一方向に回転させることができるからである。   The wind load reducing device of the present invention may have a structure that completely surrounds the wind power generator, or a structure in which both ends of the rotating shaft of the wind power generator are open. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, both ends of the rotating shaft are closed by walls 35a and 35b, and the wall 35b is provided with a hole (not shown) through which the wind turbine of the wind power generator is inserted. The two ventilation openings 30a and 30b are provided to face each other with the wind power generator interposed therebetween, and in order to rotate the wind turbine of the wind power generator in one direction, one ventilation opening 30a is on the upper side in the vertical direction, and the other The vent 30b is provided on the lower side in the vertical direction. This is because when wind flows into one ventilation port 30a, it collides with the upper blade of the wind turbine of the wind power generator, the wind pushes the blade, and is discharged from the other lower ventilation port 30b. When the wind direction changes and wind flows in from the other vent 30b, it collides with the lower blades of the wind turbine of the wind power generator, and the wind pushes the vanes and is discharged from the upper one vent 30a. In any case, the windmill can be rotated in one direction.

本発明では、屋根に沿って吹き上げる風の風速を減少させ、得られるエネルギーを低減させないため、一方の通風口３０ａを、屋根から鉛直方向の上側に向けて傾斜する第１傾斜板３６によって形成することが好ましい。また、反対方向から吹く風も同様に、得られるエネルギーを低減させないため、他方の通風口３０ｂを、風力発電機の上部を覆う屋根部３７から下側に向けて傾斜する第２傾斜板３８によって形成することが好ましい。この場合、２つの通風口はともに、内設される風力発電機の風車に向けて縮小する構造となるが、この縮小する構造は、風の流れに大きな圧力損失をもたらさず、風速を増加させる。この風速の増加は、風車の回転を加速させ、発電量を増加させる。また、このような構造にすることで、風の取り込み口が大きくなり、風を取り込みやすくする。本発明では、図３に示すように、風力発電機の回転軸の両端側が壁３５ａ、３５ｂで閉鎖され、通風口３０ａ、３０ｂのみが開口した構造で、かつ第１傾斜板３６と第２傾斜板３８とを備え、その第１傾斜板３６に対向して他方の通風口３０ｂが、第２傾斜板３８に対向して一方の通風口３０ａが設けられていることが好ましい。   In the present invention, in order to reduce the wind speed of the wind blown along the roof and not to reduce the energy obtained, one vent hole 30a is formed by the first inclined plate 36 that is inclined upward from the roof in the vertical direction. It is preferable. Similarly, the wind blown from the opposite direction does not reduce the obtained energy, so that the other ventilation opening 30b is inclined by the second inclined plate 38 inclined downward from the roof portion 37 covering the upper part of the wind power generator. It is preferable to form. In this case, the two ventilation openings are both reduced toward the wind turbine of the installed wind power generator, but this reduced structure does not cause a large pressure loss in the wind flow and increases the wind speed. . This increase in wind speed accelerates the rotation of the windmill and increases the amount of power generation. In addition, with such a structure, the wind intake port becomes larger and the wind can be easily taken in. In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, both ends of the rotating shaft of the wind power generator are closed by walls 35a and 35b, and only the vent holes 30a and 30b are opened, and the first inclined plate 36 and the second inclined plate are provided. It is preferable that a plate 38 is provided, the other vent 30b is provided opposite to the first inclined plate 36, and the one vent 30a is provided opposite the second inclined plate 38.

風速感知板３１は、風力発電機の上部を覆う屋根部３７に設けられ、所定の風速以上の風が吹いた場合に転倒するように設計される。その風速は、風力発電機が耐えうる風荷重によって決定することができ、例えば、風速１５ｍ／ｓ以上、あるいは２０ｍ／ｓ以上などとすることができる。この風速感知板３１は、後述する回動抑止部材３４に連動しており、例えば、回動抑止部材３４を押さえるように屋根部３７に立てて配置され、所定風速以上になった場合に、転倒し、回動抑止部材３４の上部を開放する。風速感知板３１は、例えば、面積および厚さ、材質を適切なものとすることにより、その所定風速以上で、転倒させることができる。例えば、風速感知板３１は、平坦とされた屋根部３７に、丁番を用いて取り付けることができる。   The wind speed sensing plate 31 is provided on the roof portion 37 that covers the upper part of the wind power generator, and is designed to fall over when a wind of a predetermined wind speed or more blows. The wind speed can be determined by the wind load that can be withstood by the wind power generator. For example, the wind speed can be 15 m / s or more, or 20 m / s or more. The wind speed sensing plate 31 is interlocked with a rotation restraining member 34, which will be described later. For example, the wind speed sensing plate 31 is placed upright on the roof portion 37 so as to hold the rotation restraining member 34, and falls when the wind speed exceeds a predetermined wind speed. Then, the upper part of the rotation restraining member 34 is opened. The wind speed sensing plate 31 can be turned over at a predetermined wind speed or higher by making the area, thickness and material appropriate, for example. For example, the wind speed sensing plate 31 can be attached to the flat roof portion 37 using a hinge.

閉鎖板３３は、スリット状の複数の開口３２を備え、風力発電機の周囲を回動し、２つの通風口３０ａ、３０ｂを閉鎖する。図３に示す実施の形態では、一端に円盤部３９ａが設けられ、円盤部３９ａには図示しない片持ち梁状の支持軸が設けられ、壁３５ａに設けられる図示しない支持溝に回転可能に支持される。他端は、風力発電機の風車を挿通させて配置するためのリング３９ｂが設けられ、壁３５ｂに設けられた穴がリング３９ｂを回転可能に支持する。閉鎖板３３は、上記の所定の風速以上になるまでは、風速感知板３１に連動した回動抑止部材３４による押圧により回動が抑止される。閉鎖板３３は、風によって回動させることもできるが、ばねやゴムといった弾性体を用いて２つの通風口３０ａ、３０ｂを閉鎖するように回動させることもできる。図３に示す実施の形態では、ばね４０が円盤部３９ａに設けられていて、反発力を生じた状態で保持されているのが示されている。これは、後述する回動抑止部材３４が閉鎖板３３を押圧し、閉鎖板３３の回動を抑止しているためである。例えば、風速感知板３１が倒れ、回動抑止部材３４上を押さえるものがなくなり、閉鎖板３３が押圧されない状態になると、反発力を生じた状態で保持されたばね４０に、復元力を生じさせて閉鎖板を約９０°回動させる。この場合、ばねに復元力が作用する、２つの通風口３０ａ、３０ｂを閉鎖板３３ａ、３３ｂが閉鎖した位置で停止する。風によって回動させる場合には、閉鎖板３３の回動を停止するためのストッパーを設け、適切な位置、すなわち閉鎖板３３が通風口３０ａ、３０ｂを閉鎖した位置で停止させることができる。閉鎖板３３は、スリット状の複数の開口３２が設けられているため、通風口３０ａ、３０ｂを閉鎖したとしても完全に風の流れを抑制せず、風速を低減させて通風させる。これにより、強風であっても、風速を低減させることができるため、風力発電機を停止させることはなく、発電することができる。   The closing plate 33 includes a plurality of slit-shaped openings 32, rotates around the wind power generator, and closes the two ventilation openings 30a and 30b. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, a disk part 39a is provided at one end, a cantilever-like support shaft (not shown) is provided on the disk part 39a, and is rotatably supported in a support groove (not shown) provided in the wall 35a. Is done. The other end is provided with a ring 39b for inserting and arranging the wind turbine of the wind power generator, and a hole provided in the wall 35b rotatably supports the ring 39b. The closing plate 33 is prevented from rotating by being pressed by the rotation inhibiting member 34 that is interlocked with the wind speed sensing plate 31 until the closing plate 33 reaches the predetermined wind speed or higher. The closing plate 33 can be rotated by wind, but can also be rotated so as to close the two ventilation openings 30a and 30b by using an elastic body such as a spring or rubber. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, it is shown that the spring 40 is provided in the disk portion 39a and is held in a state where a repulsive force is generated. This is because a rotation restraining member 34 to be described later presses the closing plate 33 and restrains the turning of the closing plate 33. For example, when the wind speed sensing plate 31 falls and there is nothing to press on the rotation restraining member 34 and the closing plate 33 is not pressed, a restoring force is generated in the spring 40 held in a state where a repulsive force is generated. Rotate the closing plate about 90 °. In this case, the two vent holes 30a and 30b, where the restoring force acts on the spring, are stopped at the position where the closing plates 33a and 33b are closed. In the case of rotation by wind, a stopper for stopping the rotation of the closing plate 33 can be provided, and the stopper can be stopped at an appropriate position, that is, the position where the closing plate 33 closes the vent holes 30a and 30b. Since the closing plate 33 is provided with a plurality of slit-shaped openings 32, even if the ventilation openings 30a and 30b are closed, the flow of the wind is not completely suppressed, and the ventilation speed is reduced. Thereby, even if it is a strong wind, since a wind speed can be reduced, it can generate electric power, without stopping a wind power generator.

閉鎖板３３のスリット状の複数の開口３２は、その開口率が約５０％〜約６０％であることが好ましい。これは、台風などの強風時において、通常時の風速まで低減させることができるためである。閉鎖板３３は、例えば、円弧状に反った所定厚さの板に、細長いスリットを複数形成したものとすることができる。開口は、縦長でも、風力発電機の回転軸に対応して横長であってもよい。また、開口は、網目状、メッシュとして形成されていてもよい。   The plurality of slit-like openings 32 of the closing plate 33 preferably have an opening ratio of about 50% to about 60%. This is because the wind speed can be reduced to a normal wind speed during a strong wind such as a typhoon. For example, the closing plate 33 may be formed by forming a plurality of elongated slits on a plate having a predetermined thickness that is curved in an arc shape. The opening may be vertically long or horizontally long corresponding to the rotating shaft of the wind power generator. The opening may be formed as a mesh or mesh.

回動抑止部材３４は、風速感知板３１と閉鎖板３３との間に配設され、所定風速以上になるまで、閉鎖板３３への押圧によって閉鎖板３３の回動を抑止させる。回動抑止部材３４は、例えば、ゴムやばねといった弾性体からなるものを用いることができる。回動抑止部材３４として、ばねを用いる場合には、屋根部３７に孔を設けておき、閉鎖板３３を回動させ、閉鎖板３３で孔を閉鎖した状態にした後、孔内にばねを挿入して配置し、その上から風速感知板３１で押さえることにより、閉鎖板３３の回動を抑止させることができる。弾性体として用いるばねとしては、渦巻きばね、コイルばね、板ばねなど、いかなるばねでも用いることができる。本発明では、回動抑止部材３４は、１つに限られるものではなく、必要に応じて２以上設けることもできる。   The rotation restraining member 34 is disposed between the wind speed sensing plate 31 and the closing plate 33 and restrains the turning of the closing plate 33 by pressing against the closing plate 33 until the wind speed becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined wind speed. As the rotation inhibiting member 34, for example, a member made of an elastic body such as rubber or a spring can be used. When a spring is used as the rotation restraining member 34, a hole is provided in the roof portion 37, the closing plate 33 is rotated, the hole is closed with the closing plate 33, and then the spring is placed in the hole. The closing plate 33 can be prevented from rotating by being inserted and arranged and pressed by the wind speed sensing plate 31 from above. As the spring used as the elastic body, any spring such as a spiral spring, a coil spring, or a leaf spring can be used. In the present invention, the rotation inhibiting member 34 is not limited to one, and two or more rotation inhibiting members 34 can be provided as necessary.

図４は、本発明の風荷重低減装置に用いられる回動抑止部材の第１の実施形態を示した拡大断面図である。図４に示す風荷重低減装置に用いられる回動抑止部材３４は、コイルばねとされ、屋根部３７に設けられた孔４１内に収容される。この回動抑止部材３４は、上述したように、閉鎖板３３の回動を抑止させるため、孔４１を閉鎖板３３によって閉鎖した後、孔４１内に収容され、その上部に風速感知板３１が立てられて配置される。この回動抑止部材３４は、風速感知板３１が重りとなって閉鎖板３３に押し当てられ、閉鎖板３３に押圧した状態となる。これによって、閉鎖板３３の回動が抑止される。所定風速以上の風が吹いた場合には、風速感知板３１が倒れ、回動抑止部材３４上に重りとなる風速感知板３１がなくなるため、閉鎖板３３に押圧されるものがなくなり、円形で示された風力発電機の風車４２の周囲を、閉鎖板３３が回動する。   FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of a rotation restraining member used in the wind load reducing device of the present invention. The rotation restraining member 34 used in the wind load reducing device shown in FIG. 4 is a coil spring and is accommodated in a hole 41 provided in the roof portion 37. As described above, the rotation inhibiting member 34 is accommodated in the hole 41 after the hole 41 is closed by the closing plate 33 in order to inhibit the rotation of the closing plate 33, and the wind speed sensing plate 31 is disposed above the hole 41. It is placed upright. The rotation restraining member 34 is pressed against the closing plate 33 by the wind speed sensing plate 31 being weighted and pressed against the closing plate 33. Thereby, the rotation of the closing plate 33 is suppressed. When wind of a predetermined wind speed or more blows, the wind speed sensing plate 31 falls down, and the wind speed sensing plate 31 that becomes a weight on the rotation restraining member 34 disappears. The closing plate 33 rotates around the wind turbine 42 of the wind turbine shown.

図５は、回動抑止部材の第２の実施形態を示した図である。図５に示す回動抑止部材３４は、風速感知板３１の底部に連結された曲げ可能な板ばねとされており、スリット状の開口３２、または別に設けられた溝に板ばねを挿入し、回動しようとする閉鎖板を押圧した状態で保持し、回動を抑止させる。図５に示す実施の形態では、スリット状の開口３２に挿入し、回動を抑止させるように構成されている。この場合、所定風速以上の風が吹くと、風速感知板３１が転倒し、それに伴って板ばねも開口３２および穴４３を通して上方へと抜け、閉鎖板３３を回動させる。図４に示す実施の形態において、板ばねを挿入する深さは、所定風速以上で板ばねが抜け、かつ所定風速以上になるまでは閉鎖板の回動を抑止させることができる深さとされる。本発明では、板ばねに限らず、板状のゴムや、曲げ可能なプラスチック樹脂板などを用いることができる。ここで、曲げ可能であることが必要なのは、鋼板のように曲がらない材質のものの場合、風速感知板を転倒させることができず、開口または溝から鋼板が抜けないため、閉鎖板を回動させ、風速を低減させることができないからである。   FIG. 5 is a view showing a second embodiment of the rotation restraining member. The rotation restraining member 34 shown in FIG. 5 is a bendable leaf spring connected to the bottom of the wind speed sensing plate 31, and the leaf spring is inserted into the slit-like opening 32 or a separately provided groove, The closing plate to be rotated is held in a pressed state to prevent the rotation. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, it is configured to be inserted into the slit-like opening 32 to prevent rotation. In this case, when a wind of a predetermined wind speed or more blows, the wind speed sensing plate 31 falls, and accordingly, the leaf spring also moves upward through the opening 32 and the hole 43 to rotate the closing plate 33. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the depth at which the leaf spring is inserted is set to a depth at which the leaf spring is pulled out at a predetermined wind speed or higher and the rotation of the closing plate can be suppressed until the wind speed becomes higher than the predetermined wind speed. . In this invention, not only a leaf | plate spring but plate-shaped rubber | gum, a bendable plastic resin board, etc. can be used. Here, in the case of a material that does not bend, such as a steel plate, it is necessary to be able to bend the wind speed sensing plate cannot be overturned, and the steel plate cannot be removed from the opening or groove. This is because the wind speed cannot be reduced.

ここで、本発明の風荷重低減装置によって風荷重を低減させる作用について図６を参照して詳細に説明する。図６（ａ）は、通常時、すなわち所定風速未満の場合を示し、図６（ｂ）は、強風時、すなわち所定風速以上になった場合を示す。ここでは、図４に示す回動抑止部材を用いた場合についてのみ説明するが、図５に示す回動抑止部材を用いる場合も同様である。本発明の風荷重低減装置は、屋根６０の棟部に設置されたクロスフロー型水平軸風車４２を備える風力発電機を覆うように設置される。風力発電機の風車４２は、屋根６０に沿って矢線に示すように上昇し、棟部を通して屋根６０に沿って下降する方向に回転し、最大の風速となる棟部において、風車で風を受ける。したがって、この風の流れる方向に沿って、通風口３０ａ、３０ｂが設けられている。この通風口３０ａ、３０ｂは、風が流入する一方の通風口３０ａと、風車を回転させ、その風を排出する他方の通風口３０ｂとから構成される。この一方の通風口３０ａと、他方の通風口３０ｂとは、風車４２を介し、対向して設けられる。これらの通風口３０ａ、３０ｂは、両方向からの風を受け、排出することができ、摩擦抵抗にならないように、かつより速い風速が得られるように、それぞれに上述した第１傾斜板３６および第２傾斜板３８が設けられる。   Here, the effect | action which reduces a wind load with the wind load reduction apparatus of this invention is demonstrated in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 6A shows a normal time, that is, a case where the wind speed is lower than the predetermined wind speed, and FIG. 6B shows a case where the wind is strong, that is, a case where the wind speed is higher than the predetermined wind speed. Here, only the case where the rotation inhibiting member shown in FIG. 4 is used will be described, but the same applies to the case where the rotation inhibiting member shown in FIG. 5 is used. The wind load reducing device of the present invention is installed so as to cover a wind power generator including a crossflow type horizontal axis windmill 42 installed in a ridge portion of a roof 60. The wind turbine 42 of the wind power generator ascends along the roof 60 as indicated by the arrow, rotates in the direction of descending along the roof 60 through the ridge, and winds at the wind turbine at the ridge where maximum wind speed is achieved. receive. Therefore, ventilation openings 30a and 30b are provided along the direction in which the wind flows. The ventilation openings 30a and 30b are composed of one ventilation opening 30a through which wind flows and the other ventilation opening 30b through which the windmill is rotated and the wind is discharged. The one ventilation opening 30a and the other ventilation opening 30b are provided to face each other via the windmill 42. These ventilation openings 30a and 30b can receive and discharge winds from both directions, do not cause frictional resistance, and can obtain a higher wind speed, respectively. Two inclined plates 38 are provided.

一方の通風口３０ａから流入した風は、所定の風速を超えない図６（ａ）に示す状態では、風速感知板３１が転倒せず、閉鎖板３３への回動抑止部材３４の押圧によって回動が抑止されるため、２つの通風口３０ａ、３０ｂは開放されたままとなり、直接、風車４２に送られ、排出される。具体的には、風は、矢線に示すように、一方の通風口３０ａを通して風車４２の羽根に衝突し、羽根を押し、他方の通風口３０ｂから排出される。これにより、風車４２が回転し、回転軸に伝えられ、発電機による発電が行われる。   In the state shown in FIG. 6A, the wind flowing in from one ventilation port 30 a does not fall over and the wind speed sensing plate 31 does not fall down and rotates by the rotation restraining member 34 pressing against the closing plate 33. Since the movement is suppressed, the two ventilation openings 30a and 30b remain open, and are sent directly to the windmill 42 and discharged. Specifically, as shown by the arrow, the wind collides with the blades of the windmill 42 through one ventilation port 30a, pushes the blades, and is discharged from the other ventilation port 30b. As a result, the windmill 42 rotates and is transmitted to the rotating shaft, and power is generated by the generator.

これに対し、台風などによって強風が吹き、所定の風速以上になると、図６（ｂ）に示すように、風速感知板３１が転倒して、所定の風速以上であることを感知し、回動抑止部材３４の上部からの押さえがなくなることによって、回動抑止部材３４が押圧しない状態になり、閉鎖板３３が、風力発電機の風車４２の周囲を回動し、２つの通風口３０ａ、３０ｂのそれぞれを閉鎖する。閉鎖板３３は、スリット状の複数の開口３２を備えており、その開口率が約５０％〜約６０％であることから、完全に風の流れを抑止することはなく、風速を低減させ、風力発電機の風車４２を回転させ続ける。回転し続ける風車４２は、回転軸を回転させ続け、発電機は、強風時においても、連続して発電する。   On the other hand, when a strong wind is blown by a typhoon or the like and becomes a predetermined wind speed or more, as shown in FIG. 6B, the wind speed sensing plate 31 falls and senses that the wind speed is more than the predetermined wind speed and rotates. When the pressing from the upper part of the restraining member 34 is lost, the rotation restraining member 34 is not pressed, and the closing plate 33 pivots around the wind turbine 42 of the wind power generator, and the two vent holes 30a, 30b. Close each one. Since the closing plate 33 includes a plurality of slit-shaped openings 32 and the opening ratio is about 50% to about 60%, the flow of the wind is not completely suppressed, and the wind speed is reduced. Continue to rotate the wind turbine 42 of the wind power generator. The windmill 42 that continues to rotate continues to rotate the rotating shaft, and the generator continuously generates power even during strong winds.

閉鎖板３３は、風力発電機に風荷重をかけないように風速を低減させるもので、通風を完全に抑止させるものではないため、風力発電機を停止することなく、強風時においても、発電を行うことができ、また、風力発電機に所定以上の風荷重がかかることはなく、この風力発電機および風荷重低減装置が設置される建物に、所定以上の風荷重がかかることもなく、この建物の風荷重による破損を防止することができる。   The closing plate 33 reduces the wind speed so as not to apply a wind load to the wind power generator and does not completely suppress ventilation. Therefore, the closing plate 33 does not stop the wind power generator and generates power even in strong winds. The wind generator is not subjected to a wind load exceeding a predetermined value, and the building where the wind power generator and the wind load reducing device are installed is not subjected to a wind load exceeding a predetermined value. Damage to the building due to wind load can be prevented.

本発明の風力発電システムは、上述した風荷重低減装置と、上述した風力発電機とを含んで構成される。風力発電機は、今までに知られたいかなる風力発電機であってもよいが、横長、円筒形のクロスフロー水平軸風車を備える風力発電機が、傾斜する屋根の面に沿って風速を加速させ、風力エネルギーを増大させた状態で運転することができ、大きな電力を得ることができるため、好ましい。   The wind power generation system of this invention is comprised including the wind load reduction apparatus mentioned above and the wind power generator mentioned above. The wind power generator can be any wind power generator known so far, but a wind power generator with a horizontal, cylindrical cross-flow horizontal axis wind turbine accelerates the wind speed along the sloped roof surface. Therefore, it is possible to operate in a state where the wind energy is increased and a large electric power can be obtained, which is preferable.

本発明を上述した実施の形態をもって詳細に説明してきたが、第１傾斜板および第２傾斜板の角度、複数の開口の数、幅、長さ、形状、材質、風速感知板の形状、材質、配置位置、回動抑止部材の数は、適宜決定することができ、また、適切なものを選択することができる。   Although the present invention has been described in detail with the embodiment described above, the angle of the first inclined plate and the second inclined plate, the number of the plurality of openings, the width, the length, the shape, the material, the shape and the material of the wind speed sensing plate. The arrangement position and the number of rotation inhibiting members can be determined as appropriate, and appropriate ones can be selected.

従来のプロペラ型風力発電システムを示した図。The figure which showed the conventional propeller type wind power generation system. クロスフロー型水平軸風車を備える風力発電機を示した図。The figure which showed the wind power generator provided with a crossflow type horizontal axis windmill. 本発明の風荷重低減装置を示した図。The figure which showed the wind load reduction apparatus of this invention. 本発明の風荷重低減装置に用いられる回動抑止部材の第１の実施形態を示した拡大断面図。The expanded sectional view which showed 1st Embodiment of the rotation suppression member used for the wind load reduction apparatus of this invention. 本発明の風荷重低減装置に用いられる回動抑止部材の第２の実施形態を示した拡大断面図。The expanded sectional view which showed 2nd Embodiment of the rotation suppression member used for the wind load reduction apparatus of this invention. 通常時における風力発電システムと、強風時における風力発電システムとをそれぞれ示した図。The figure which showed the wind power generation system at the time of normal time, and the wind power generation system at the time of a strong wind, respectively.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０…基礎
１１…タワー
１２…ブレード
１３…発電機
１４…増速機
１５…ブレーキ装置
１６…可変ピッチ
１７…ヨー駆動装置
１８…電力変換装置
１９…トランス
２０…風力発電機
２１…回転軸
２２…円盤
２３…羽根
２４…発電機
２５…締結部材
３０ａ、３０ｂ…通風口
３１…風速感知板
３２…開口
３３、３３ａ、３３ｂ…閉鎖板
３４…回動抑止部材
３５ａ、３５ｂ…壁
３６…第１傾斜板
３７…屋根部
３８…第２傾斜板
３９ａ…円盤部
３９ｂ…リング
４０…ばね
４１…孔
４２…風車
４３…穴
６０…屋根 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Foundation 11 ... Tower 12 ... Blade 13 ... Generator 14 ... Speed up gear 15 ... Brake device 16 ... Variable pitch 17 ... Yaw drive device 18 ... Power converter 19 ... Transformer 20 ... Wind power generator 21 ... Rotating shaft 22 ... Disk 23 ... Blade 24 ... Generator 25 ... Fastening member 30a, 30b ... Ventilation hole 31 ... Wind speed sensing plate 32 ... Opening 33, 33a, 33b ... Closure plate 34 ... Rotation restraining member 35a, 35b ... Wall 36 ... First slope Plate 37 ... Roof 38 ... Second inclined plate 39a ... Disc 39b ... Ring 40 ... Spring 41 ... Hole 42 ... Windmill 43 ... Hole 60 ... Roof

Claims (10)

風力発電機にかかる風荷重を低減させる風荷重低減装置であって、
内設される風力発電機の風車を回転させるために風道を形成する２つの通風口と、
所定風速以上で転倒する風速感知板と、
スリット状の複数の開口を備え、前記風力発電機の風車の周囲を回動して、前記所定風速以上で前記２つの通風口のそれぞれを閉鎖する閉鎖板と、
前記風速感知板と前記閉鎖板との間に配設され、前記所定風速以上になるまで、前記閉鎖板の回動を、前記閉鎖板への押圧によって抑止させる回動抑止部材とを含む、風荷重低減装置。 A wind load reducing device for reducing wind load applied to a wind power generator,
Two vents that form a wind path to rotate the wind turbine of the wind generator installed inside,
A wind speed sensing plate that falls over a predetermined wind speed;
A closing plate that includes a plurality of slit-shaped openings, rotates around the wind turbine of the wind power generator, and closes each of the two ventilation openings at the predetermined wind speed or higher;
A wind restraining member that is disposed between the wind speed sensing plate and the closing plate, and that prevents the turning of the closing plate by being pressed against the closing plate until the wind speed becomes equal to or higher than the predetermined wind speed. Load reduction device. 前記回動抑止部材は、前記閉鎖板への押圧によって反発力を生じさせる弾性体である、請求項１に記載の風荷重低減装置。   The wind load reducing device according to claim 1, wherein the rotation suppression member is an elastic body that generates a repulsive force when pressed against the closing plate. 前記２つの通風口は、前記風力発電機の風車を一方向に回転させるため、一方の通風口が鉛直方向の上側に、他方の通風口が鉛直方向の下側に設けられる、請求項１または２に記載の風荷重低減装置。   The two ventilation openings rotate the wind turbine of the wind power generator in one direction, so that one ventilation opening is provided on the upper side in the vertical direction and the other ventilation opening is provided on the lower side in the vertical direction. 2. The wind load reducing device according to 2. 前記風荷重低減装置は、住宅の屋根の棟部に設置され、前記一方の通風口は、前記風力発電機の風車の上部を覆う屋根部と、前記住宅の屋根から前記鉛直方向の上側に向いて傾斜する第１傾斜板とによって形成され、前記他方の通風口は、前記住宅の屋根と、前記屋根部から前記鉛直方向の下側に向いて傾斜する第２傾斜板とによって形成される、請求項１〜３のいずれか１項に記載の風荷重低減装置。   The wind load reducing device is installed in a ridge portion of a roof of a house, and the one vent hole is directed to a roof portion that covers an upper portion of a wind turbine of the wind power generator, and upward from the roof of the house in the vertical direction. The other ventilation opening is formed by the roof of the house and the second inclined plate inclined from the roof portion toward the lower side in the vertical direction. The wind load reducing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 前記閉鎖板に設けられる複数の開口の開口率が、５０％〜６０％とされる、請求項１〜４のいずれか１項に記載の風荷重低減装置。   The wind load reducing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an opening ratio of a plurality of openings provided in the closing plate is 50% to 60%. 風力発電機にかかる風荷重を低減させ、強風時においても、前記風力発電機を停止させることなく発電可能な風力発電システムであって、
前記風力発電機と、
内設される風力発電機の風車を回転させるために風道を形成する２つの通風口と、
所定風速以上で転倒する風速感知板と、
スリット状の複数の開口を備え、前記風力発電機の風車の周囲を回動して、前記所定風速以上で前記２つの通風口のそれぞれを閉鎖する閉鎖板と、
前記風速感知板と前記閉鎖板との間に配設され、前記所定風速以上になるまで、前記閉鎖板の回動を、前記閉鎖板への押圧によって抑止させる回動抑止部材とを含む、風力発電システム。 A wind power generation system capable of reducing wind load applied to the wind power generator and generating power without stopping the wind power generator even during strong winds,
The wind power generator;
Two vents that form a wind path to rotate the wind turbine of the wind generator installed inside,
A wind speed sensing plate that falls over a predetermined wind speed;
A closing plate that includes a plurality of slit-shaped openings, rotates around the wind turbine of the wind power generator, and closes each of the two ventilation openings at the predetermined wind speed or higher;
A wind suppression member disposed between the wind speed sensing plate and the closing plate, and including a rotation inhibiting member that suppresses the rotation of the closing plate by pressing the closing plate until the wind speed becomes equal to or higher than the predetermined wind speed. Power generation system. 前記回動抑止部材は、前記閉鎖板への押圧によって反発力を生じさせる弾性体である、請求項６に記載の風力発電システム。   The wind power generation system according to claim 6, wherein the rotation suppression member is an elastic body that generates a repulsive force when pressed against the closing plate. 前記２つの通風口は、前記風力発電機の風車を一方向に回転させるため、一方の通風口が鉛直方向の上側に、他方の通風口が鉛直方向の下側に設けられる、請求項６または７に記載の風力発電システム。   The two vent holes rotate one wind turbine of the wind power generator in one direction, so that one vent hole is provided on the upper side in the vertical direction and the other vent hole is provided on the lower side in the vertical direction. The wind power generation system according to 7. 前記風荷重低減装置は、住宅の屋根の棟部に設置され、前記一方の通風口は、前記風力発電機の風車の上部を覆う屋根部と、前記住宅の屋根から前記鉛直方向の上側に向いて傾斜する第１傾斜板とによって形成され、前記他方の通風口は、前記住宅の屋根と、前記屋根部から前記鉛直方向の下側に向いて傾斜する第２傾斜板とによって形成される、請求項６〜８のいずれか１項に記載の風力発電システム。   The wind load reducing device is installed in a ridge portion of a roof of a house, and the one vent hole is directed to a roof portion that covers an upper portion of a wind turbine of the wind power generator, and upward from the roof of the house in the vertical direction. The other ventilation opening is formed by the roof of the house and the second inclined plate inclined from the roof portion toward the lower side in the vertical direction. The wind power generation system according to any one of claims 6 to 8. 前記閉鎖板に設けられる複数の開口の開口率が、５０％〜６０％とされる、請求項６〜９のいずれか１項に記載の風力発電システム。   The wind power generation system according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein an opening ratio of a plurality of openings provided in the closing plate is 50% to 60%.
JP2005089261A 2005-03-25 2005-03-25 Wind load reducing device and wind power generation system Expired - Fee Related JP4677631B2 (en)

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GB0904816D0 (en) * 2009-03-20 2009-05-06 Revoluter Ltd Turbine assembly
GB0912695D0 (en) 2009-07-22 2009-08-26 Power Collective The Ltd A generator
US20110318167A1 (en) * 2010-06-23 2011-12-29 Miller R Scott Crossflow wind turbine
DE102011107590B4 (en) * 2011-06-30 2013-11-07 Thomas Klumpp Wind turbine on facades of tall buildings and wind deflectors

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