JP4676947B2 - Sealed battery safety valve - Google Patents
Sealed battery safety valve Download PDFInfo
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- JP4676947B2 JP4676947B2 JP2006303362A JP2006303362A JP4676947B2 JP 4676947 B2 JP4676947 B2 JP 4676947B2 JP 2006303362 A JP2006303362 A JP 2006303362A JP 2006303362 A JP2006303362 A JP 2006303362A JP 4676947 B2 JP4676947 B2 JP 4676947B2
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- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
- H01M2200/20—Pressure-sensitive devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
Description
本発明は密閉型電池の安全弁に関し、より詳しくは破裂容易部強度調節の容易な連続または半連続の弁体ループ形状並びに各種破裂容易部断面形状とを組み合わせた密閉型電池の安全弁に関する。 The present invention relates to a safety valve for a sealed battery, and more particularly, to a safety valve for a sealed battery that combines a continuous or semi-continuous valve body loop shape that allows easy adjustment of the strength of an easily ruptured portion and various rupture easily cross-sectional shapes.
Liイオン電池等において、電池内部で何らかの原因により異常反応が発生し、電池内部圧力が上昇した場合、密閉型電池では、電池自体の爆発により人的、物的損害を生じる可能性がある。その対策として、爆発に至る前に電池内部のガスを放出する必要があり、そのために電池外装部に安全弁を備えるのが普通である。 In a Li-ion battery or the like, if an abnormal reaction occurs inside the battery for some reason and the internal pressure of the battery rises, the sealed battery may cause personal or physical damage due to the explosion of the battery itself. As a countermeasure, it is necessary to release the gas inside the battery before the explosion occurs. For this reason, it is common to provide a safety valve in the battery exterior.
この安全弁は、予め設計準備された内圧で破裂開放される弁体を持つが、この弁体に要求される特性上、開放圧力は通常の電池内部圧力よりは高いことは当然であるが、出来る限り低い開放圧力である事が安全上望ましい(この臨界開放圧力を作動圧と呼ぶ事がある。)。また、電池内部でのガス発生量が多いと、このガスを放出する弁体の面積が小さければ、一時的に電池内部圧力が増加してなお爆発にいたる危険性がある。 This safety valve has a valve body that can be ruptured and opened with internal pressure prepared in advance, but due to the characteristics required for this valve body, the release pressure is naturally higher than the normal battery internal pressure. It is desirable from the viewpoint of safety that the opening pressure is as low as possible (this critical opening pressure is sometimes called the working pressure). Further, if the amount of gas generated inside the battery is large, there is a risk that if the area of the valve body that releases this gas is small, the internal pressure of the battery temporarily increases and still explodes.
従って、破裂容易溝の破裂によって生じるガス放出部の面積は発生ガス量を放出するに充分な面積を有する事が重要である(我々の経験では７mm２以上が必要)。また、このLiイオン電池は、携帯電話やデジカメ等に使用されるため、取り扱いによってはこれを使用者が地上または床上に落として弁体部が破損し、電解液が漏洩するなどの可能性がある。このためこういう事故落下に対して、弁体が損傷し難い事が重要である(これを落下強度と呼ぶ。)。 Therefore, it is important that the area of the gas discharge part generated by the rupture of the easily ruptured groove has a sufficient area to discharge the generated gas amount (in our experience, 7 mm 2 or more is necessary). In addition, since this Li-ion battery is used in mobile phones, digital cameras, etc., depending on the handling, the user may drop it on the ground or on the floor, causing damage to the valve body and leakage of electrolyte. is there. For this reason, it is important that the valve body is difficult to be damaged against such an accidental drop (this is called the drop strength).
以上のような目的のために、Liイオン電池は安全機構として安全弁を有する。この安全弁には、電池側面や底部に直線又は曲線又はそれらの組合せにより幅２mm以下のプレスやエッチングにより薄い弁体を構成する場合(刻印タイプ又はプレス弁と呼ぶ)と、封口板上に開放口を設けてそこに薄い弁体を形成する場合がある。この弁体の平面形状は長円、楕円もしくは飲料缶のイージーオープン缶蓋もしくはその集合体のような形状をしている。 For the above purpose, the Li-ion battery has a safety valve as a safety mechanism. This safety valve has an open port on the sealing plate when a thin valve body is formed by pressing or etching with a width of 2 mm or less on the side or bottom of the battery, or a combination thereof (called a stamped type or press valve). In some cases, a thin valve body is formed there. The planar shape of the valve body is an ellipse, an ellipse, an easy open can lid of a beverage can or a collection thereof.
電池ケースの蓋に付与する断面Vノッチ刻印タイプの安全弁は、作動圧を２０kgf/cm２以下には出来ず、また、ガス放出時充分な開口面積を確保出来ないので落下に対して弱いことから、次第に使用されなくなってきている。 The cross-section V-notch type safety valve applied to the battery case lid cannot operate at a pressure of 20 kgf / cm 2 or less, and is not susceptible to falling because it cannot secure a sufficient opening area when releasing gas. , It has gradually been discontinued.
封口板に開放口を設けてそこに薄い弁体を形成する手段としては、最初に封口板面内に所定の大きさを有する開放孔を開けておき、その開放孔へ厚さ２０〜６０μの薄い薄膜を弁体としてクラッドもしくは溶接により貼りつける手段がある(これは一般にクラッド弁と呼ばれる)。また、封口板面内にプレスまたはエッチング等により所定の大きさを有する薄膜を有する安全弁を形成する手段もある(これは一般にプレス弁と呼ばれる)。 As a means for providing an opening in the sealing plate and forming a thin valve body there, an opening hole having a predetermined size is first opened in the surface of the sealing plate, and the opening hole has a thickness of 20 to 60 μm. There is a means of attaching a thin thin film as a valve body by cladding or welding (this is generally called a cladding valve). There is also means for forming a safety valve having a thin film having a predetermined size by pressing or etching in the sealing plate surface (this is generally called a press valve).
前者のクラッド弁は、安全弁の要求特性である低い作動圧、広めの放出面積および強めの落下強度を保つという長所を有するが、プレス３回とクラッド工程を要するなど製造工程が複雑で、かつ製造技術が難しく歩留が悪いため、コストが高いというマイナス面がある。 The former clad valve has the advantages of maintaining the low operating pressure, wide discharge area, and strong drop strength, which are the required characteristics of the safety valve, but the production process is complicated and requires three presses and a clad process. The cost is high due to the difficulty of technology and the low yield.
これに対し、プレス弁はプレス(割型プレスを含む)のみによって封口板内面に弁体を形成する事が可能なため安価に出来る。また、ガス放出に充分な所定の大きさ以上の安全弁面積を容易に確保出来るが、クラッド弁に比して、安定した低い作動圧を得る事が困難であった。 On the other hand, the press valve can be made inexpensive because the valve body can be formed on the inner surface of the sealing plate only by pressing (including split press). In addition, a safety valve area larger than a predetermined size sufficient for gas discharge can be easily secured, but it is difficult to obtain a stable low operating pressure as compared with a clad valve.
そのためプレス弁の開発は、プレス装置の精密な下死点制御や適応素材の改良開発によって進められてきている。上記２つはプレス装置メーカーと弁体材料メーカーで開発中である。そして弁体である封口板を生産するプレスメーカーやこれを使用する電池メーカーにおいては、プレス弁の形状を工夫する事によって望ましい低作動圧のプレス弁を得る努力がなされ、少なからず特許も出願されているが、いまだ安定して充分に低い作動圧を得るまでには至っていない。 For this reason, press valves have been developed through precise bottom dead center control of press devices and improved development of adaptive materials. The above two are being developed by press equipment manufacturers and valve body material manufacturers. In press manufacturers that produce sealing plates that are valve bodies and battery manufacturers that use them, efforts have been made to obtain press valves with the desired low operating pressure by devising the shape of the press valves, and patents have been filed. However, it has not yet reached a stable and sufficiently low operating pressure.
特開平１１−２７３６４０に示されるように封口板２の開放口２１にドーム状をなす薄肉の弁体２３が形成され、この弁体３の周辺近傍に容易破裂溝を形成したものである。一般に封口板に平面連続もしくは不連続ループでなる薄肉部を設けて、その薄肉部に破裂溝を形成するタイプの安全弁においては、電池内部圧力が上昇した時に、薄肉の弁体が電池内部の圧力を受けて変形する事により安全弁を作動させるため、比較的低圧で安全弁が作動し、本来の目的を達する(特許文献１参照)。 As shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-273640, a dome-shaped thin valve element 23 is formed in the opening 21 of the sealing plate 2, and an easy rupture groove is formed in the vicinity of the periphery of the valve element 3. In general, a safety valve of the type in which a sealing plate is provided with a thin wall portion consisting of a continuous or discontinuous loop and a rupture groove is formed in the thin wall portion.When the internal pressure of the battery rises, the thin valve body Therefore, the safety valve is actuated at a relatively low pressure, and the original purpose is achieved (see Patent Document 1).
また特開２００５−１３５８７３号図２(b)に示されるように封口板6に薄肉の弁体が形成されており、この弁体には電池内側に向かって突出した少なくとも一つのドーム部２が形成され、前記ドーム部の少なくとも一つの周縁山には弁体の破裂を容易にするための破裂溝４が形成されている一般的には変形が大きい箇所は、従来は弁体中央部付近であり弁体周縁部に行くに従って変形量は小さくなる。通常破裂溝は弁体の周縁にあるあるため電池内部圧力が上昇した時に弁体内部で最も変形が小さい箇所にある(特許文献２参照)。 Further, as shown in FIG. 2B of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-135873, a thin valve body is formed on the sealing plate 6, and at least one dome portion 2 protruding toward the inside of the battery is formed on the valve body. The rupture groove 4 for facilitating the rupture of the valve body is formed in at least one peripheral mountain of the dome part. The amount of deformation becomes smaller as it goes to the periphery of the valve body. Usually, since the rupture groove is at the periphery of the valve body, it is at a position where the deformation is smallest within the valve body when the internal pressure of the battery increases (see Patent Document 2).
特公昭５８−２３１６５には一方向剪断加工及び往復方向剪断加工による分離容易な金属片連続体の製造法(従来技術)(特許文献３参照)が記載されている。 Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-23165 describes a method for producing a continuous metal piece (prior art) that can be easily separated by one-way shearing and reciprocating shearing (see Patent Document 3).
従来、密閉型電池、就中リチウムイオン型電池等の安全弁については、三洋電機、ミヤマツール等で開発・改良され一部では実用されている。 Conventionally, safety valves such as sealed batteries, and in particular lithium ion batteries have been developed and improved by Sanyo Electric, Miyama Tool, etc., and some have been put into practical use.
しかし、通常は落下等の比較的軽いショックや想定内の低内圧では安定していて容易に開口せず、一方で急に内圧上昇が生じた時は確実に開口して破壊を防ぎ得る、安全性の高い密閉型電池の安全弁は未だ充分に商品化されていない。 However, it is usually stable at a relatively light shock such as a drop or a low internal pressure that is assumed and does not open easily. On the other hand, when the internal pressure suddenly rises, it can be reliably opened to prevent destruction. High-performance sealed battery safety valves have not been fully commercialized.
本発明により、
環境異変に伴って異常ガスを生じ、槽内ガス圧の急上昇を招く事のある密閉型電池の安全弁において、平面連続又は不連続ループ型の内周容易破裂溝に略直交して安全弁表面中心部より外縁に向かって延びる略ラジアル方向容易破裂溝を備え、これらの容易破裂溝は、槽全体の事故落下に対しては、容易に破裂せず、一方で槽内異常ガスの発生による内圧上昇に対しては、弾性歪の最も大きい容易破裂溝の一部を起点として破裂が進行し、設計通りの低内圧で前記容易破裂溝の交点部より破裂して内圧を解放し得る事を特徴とする密閉型電池の安全弁（請求項１）、
略ラジアル方向容易破裂溝断面が、Vノッチ型、一方向剪断加工型容易破裂溝もしくは往復剪断加工型容易破裂溝のいずれかである請求項１に記載の密閉型電池の安全弁（請求項２）
および
請求項１に記載された容易破裂溝と略ラジアル方向容易破裂溝との交点が以下の（1）〜（３）のいづれかの組合せである請求項２に記載の密閉型電池の安全弁。
（１）Vノッチ型容易破裂溝同志の組合せ、
（２）一方向剪断加工型容易破裂溝同志の組合せ、
（３）往復剪断加工型容易破裂溝同志の組合せ、（請求項３）
が提供される。
According to the present invention,
In the safety valve of a sealed battery that generates abnormal gas due to environmental changes and may cause a sudden increase in the gas pressure in the tank, the center of the surface of the safety valve is almost perpendicular to the inner continuous easy rupture groove of a planar continuous or discontinuous loop type Equipped with substantially radial easy rupture grooves extending toward the outer edge, these easy rupture grooves do not easily rupture against accidental drops of the entire tank, while increasing the internal pressure due to the generation of abnormal gas in the tank On the other hand, the rupture proceeds starting from a part of the easy rupture groove having the largest elastic strain, and the internal pressure can be released by rupturing from the intersection of the easy rupture grooves with a low internal pressure as designed. Sealed battery safety valve (Claim 1),
2. The sealed battery safety valve according to claim 1, wherein the substantially radial direction easy rupture groove cross section is any one of a V-notch type, a unidirectional shearing type easy rupture groove, and a reciprocating shearing type easy rupture groove.
The safety valve for a sealed battery according to claim 2, wherein the intersection of the easy rupture groove described in claim 1 and the easy radial rupture groove in a substantially radial direction is a combination of any one of the following (1) to (3).
(1) Combination of V notch type easy rupture grooves,
(2) Combination of one-way shearing type easy rupture grooves,
(3) A combination of reciprocating shearing type easy rupture grooves, (Claim 3)
Is provided.
[発明の作用効果]
以上の本発明を実施する事により、
電池を封口する板状の封口板の開放孔に薄肉の弁体が形成されており、電池内部圧力が所定値以上になった時に、上記弁体が周縁部の一部又は全部が破裂して電池のガスを電池外に放出する電池の安全弁が提供され弁体形状は円形、楕円形又は四角形等形状は任意の閉じられた形状(連続又は不連続ループ状もしくは中抜き放射状)で破裂溝は弁体の周縁より離れた場所に位置しているため小さな力で変形が起きるという効果が得られる。
[Effects of the invention]
By carrying out the present invention as described above,
A thin valve body is formed in the open hole of the plate-shaped sealing plate that seals the battery, and when the internal pressure of the battery becomes a predetermined value or more, the valve body is partially or entirely ruptured. A battery safety valve that discharges battery gas to the outside of the battery is provided, and the shape of the valve body is circular, elliptical, square, etc., but any closed shape (continuous or discontinuous loop or hollow radial) and the rupture groove is Since it is located in a place away from the periphery of the valve body, an effect that deformation occurs with a small force can be obtained.
また、中央破裂溝より略直角方向に弁体周縁部に向かって、例えば4本以上のほぼ放射状の補助破裂溝を有するため、破裂溝との交点(容易破裂溝同士の交点)において応力が集中するので低い圧力でも破断が開始し、また一旦破裂が開始すると電池の外側方向への圧力とは別に破裂溝は補助破裂溝によって電池側面方向への圧力も受ける。即ち破裂伝幡(crack propagation)は比較的小さな圧力で進行する。従って上述の如く従来のプレス弁に比して、はるかに低い作動圧を得ることが出来る。 In addition, since there are four or more substantially radial auxiliary rupture grooves, for example, at least four from the central rupture groove toward the peripheral edge of the valve body, stress is concentrated at the intersection with the rupture grooves (intersection of the easy rupture grooves). Therefore, the rupture starts even at a low pressure, and once the rupture starts, apart from the pressure toward the outside of the battery, the rupture groove also receives the pressure toward the battery side by the auxiliary rupture groove. That is, crack propagation proceeds with a relatively small pressure. Therefore, as described above, a much lower operating pressure can be obtained as compared with the conventional press valve.
本発明プレス弁は一部にＶノッチ型容易破裂溝同志または一方向または往復剪断加工容易破裂溝またはこれらの組合せで、略直角な交点をクラックの出発点とする破裂伝幡(crack propagation)を利用した破裂容易溝同士の交点を破裂開始点とする容易破裂溝で連なる破裂片連続体でなる弁体が含まれる。 The press valve according to the present invention has a crack propagation with a substantially perpendicular intersection as a starting point of cracks in a part of V notch type easy rupture groove or one-way or reciprocating shearing easy rupture groove or a combination thereof. A valve element made of a rupture piece continuum connected by an easy rupture groove having an intersection between the utilized easy rupture grooves as a rupture start point is included.
この中で一方向剪断加工容易破裂溝(1way shearing easy open ditch;１WAY SEOD)または往復剪断加工容易破裂溝(２way shearing easy open ditch;２WAY SEOD)は夫々図２,図３と図４,図５に記載されているような割型しわ押さえ型を用いたプロセスで作られ、中心部の加工硬化した残存接続部のみで繋がっている。図３と図４に夫々示される残存接続部分は特に転位密度が高く、加工硬化しているのでもろくてクラックが生じ易く、破裂し易い。いづれもBauschinger効果によって容易に破裂し、破断する。 Unidirectional shearing easily rupture groove in the (1way she a ring easy open ditch ; 1WAY SEOD) or reciprocating shearing easily rupturable groove (2way shearing easy open ditch; 2WAY SEOD) are each 2, 3 and 4, It is made by a process using a split wrinkle holding die as shown in FIG. 5 and is connected only by a remaining connection part that is work-hardened at the center part. The remaining connection portions shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 have a particularly high dislocation density and are fragile because they are work hardened, so that they are easily cracked and easily broken. Both are easily ruptured and broken by the Bauschinger effect.
なお本発明における破裂とは容易破裂部例えば塑性加工密度が高く、すなわち弾性歪みが集中し易くかつ破壊時には応力が更に集中し易い破裂溝の交点ないしその付近で先ず内圧によってクラックが生じ、そのクラックが破裂溝に沿って伝幡して弁体の破裂が生じ、内部の高圧ガスを気中に逃がす現象を云い、実際には破裂片(弁体)の一部はまくれ上がるが、破裂溝の一部（主として延性変形部）は破断せずに残存するのが普通である。この特性により、破裂時分離弁体の飛散による危険を防止する事が出来る。 Note the rupture in the present invention easily rupturable portion e.g. plastic working dense, i.e. cause cracks by the intersection or first pressure near its easy rupture groove further concentrate the stress at the time of elastic strain is concentrated easily and destruction, its This is a phenomenon in which a crack propagates along the rupture groove and the valve body ruptures, causing the internal high-pressure gas to escape into the air. Actually, a part of the rupture piece (valve element) is turned up, but the rupture groove Usually, a part (mainly ductile deformed portion) of the material remains without breaking. Due to this characteristic, it is possible to prevent danger due to the scattering of the separation valve body at the time of rupture.
また、破裂の開始にあたっては、破裂溝と補助破裂溝の交点よりクラックが始まり、２つの補助破裂溝とこれらと略直交する破裂溝で囲まれた部分は電池の外側方向へ屈曲し、そのため弁体作動時には十分なガス放出のための面積を確保出来る。 Also, at the beginning of the rupture, a crack starts at the intersection of the rupture groove and the auxiliary rupture groove, and the portion surrounded by the two auxiliary rupture grooves and the rupture groove substantially orthogonal to these bends toward the outside of the battery. A sufficient area for gas release can be secured during body operation.
なお、従来例１，２本発明実施例１，２の順に同一厚み、同一素材(軟鋼板または耐食Al合金板)で比較したとき、その作動圧YA,YB,YC,YDを比較するとYA>YB>YC>YDとなる。 In addition, when compared with the same thickness, the same material (soft steel plate or corrosion-resistant Al alloy plate) in the order of Conventional Example 1, Inventive Example 1, 2, when comparing the operating pressures YA, YB, YC, YD, YA> YB> YC> YD.
上記のように、弁体は電池外側方向と側面方向の２方向の力によって破裂するため、通常のプレス弁と比較した場合容易破裂溝および補助破裂溝の厚みを、設計作動圧が同じ場合は厚く出来るため落下強度も強くなる。また、落下強度を同じくすれば作動圧が低く出来る。そのため、任意の作動圧、落下強度の品質設計が容易に出来る。但し、略直交する容易破裂溝の交点付近には極端な応力集中が生じないよう、応力緩和を考慮した形状設計が必要であろう。これは金属素材の加工硬化係数と開尖強度の研究によって精密な適正解が得られるものと思われる。 As described above, since the valve body is ruptured by the force in the two directions of the battery outer side and the side direction, the thickness of the easy rupture groove and the auxiliary rupture groove when the design operating pressure is the same when compared with a normal press valve. Since it can be made thick, the drop strength also becomes strong. Also, if the drop strength is the same, the operating pressure can be lowered. Therefore, it is possible to easily design the quality of any operating pressure and drop strength. However, it will be necessary to design the shape in consideration of stress relaxation so that extreme stress concentration does not occur in the vicinity of the intersection of the easily ruptured grooves that are substantially orthogonal. It seems that a precise and appropriate solution can be obtained by studying the work hardening coefficient and the cusp strength of metal materials.
以上説明したように本発明によれば、電池内部圧力上昇時、速やかに作動し、電池内部のガスを速やかに排出出来ると共に、落下強度に優れ、且つ生産性を向上させる事が出来るといった優れた効果を奏する。 As described above, according to the present invention, when the internal pressure of the battery is increased, the battery operates quickly, and the gas inside the battery can be quickly discharged, and the drop strength is excellent and the productivity can be improved. There is an effect.
本発明は前述のように、各種破裂容易溝の交点で生じたクラックが伝幡し、即ち破裂が進行して、一部は連結状態を残しながら、より大面積のガス抜き開口部が得られるという優れた作用効果が得られる一方で、取扱者が手を滑らせて密閉型電池等の金属製缶容器を床上に落としても、落下衝撃に耐えて容易に開口(破裂)しないという効果が得られる。なお、このような作用効果は、実際に使用してみれば明らかであるが、理論的には前述の通りなお未解決の部分もなしとしない。 As described above, according to the present invention, cracks generated at the intersections of various easily ruptured grooves propagate, that is, the rupture progresses, and a larger area vent opening is obtained while a part remains connected. In addition, it is possible to withstand a drop impact and not easily open (rupture) even if the operator slides a hand and drops a metal can container such as a sealed battery onto the floor. can get. In addition, although such an effect is clear when actually used, theoretically, it does not include an unsolved part as described above.
以下図１を用いて、従来例と対比して本発明を詳細に説明する。ここに図１は従来例1,２と本発明実施例１,２の平面図、断面図、及び歪/作動圧を示すグラフである。図２,図３は夫々一方向剪断加工容易破裂溝(11)の製造工程を示す断面図及び断面顕微鏡写真であり、図４,図５は夫々往復方向剪断加工容易破裂溝(12)の製造工程を示す断面図及び断面顕微鏡写真である。図１において、Ａは従来例１、Ｂは従来例２、Ｃは本発明実施例１、Ｄは本発明実施例２を示し、夫々の作動圧はYA,YB,YC,YDとして表すと、YA>YB>YC>YDである。なお、YAは従来例１の作動圧、YBは従来例２の作動圧、YCは本発明実施例１、YDは本発明実施例２の作動圧である。EODは容易破裂溝、EODRは略ラジアル方向の容易破壊溝、EOPは破裂開始点(交点)である。図２,３,４において、Aは圧下圧力、Lは剪断加工ストローク、t1は一方向剪断加工残厚、t2は往復剪断加工残圧、10は素材鋼板、１１は一方向剪断加工容易破裂溝、１２は往復剪断加工容易破裂溝、２０はプレス押型(もしくは剪断刃)、３０はしわ押さえである。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a plan view, a cross-sectional view, and a graph showing strain / operating pressure of Conventional Examples 1 and 2 and Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention. 2 and 3 are a cross-sectional view and a cross-sectional micrograph showing the manufacturing process of the unidirectional shearing easy rupture groove (11), respectively, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are the manufacture of the reciprocating direction shearing easy rupture groove (12), respectively. It is sectional drawing and a cross-sectional micrograph which show a process. In FIG. 1, A shows Conventional Example 1, B shows Conventional Example 2, C shows Example 1 of the present invention, D shows Example 2 of the present invention, and the respective operating pressures are expressed as YA, YB, YC, YD. YA>YB>YC> YD. Here, YA is the working pressure of Conventional Example 1, YB is the working pressure of Conventional Example 2, YC is the working pressure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and YD is the working pressure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. EOD easily bursting groove, EODR easily broken grooves substantially radial direction, EOP is ruptured starting point (intersection). 2, 3 and 4, A is the rolling pressure, L is the shearing stroke, t 1 is the unidirectional shearing residual thickness, t 2 is the reciprocating shearing residual pressure, 10 is the material steel plate, and 11 is the unidirectional shearing easy bursting
従来例１は平面図上を単なるＶノッチ断面で長円状に連続ループとして輪郭した安全弁であり、この連続ループは点線状の半連続とすることも出来る。この場合内圧がかかっても全体が膨らむだけで外周容易破裂溝が破裂するが、開口場所は特定されないし、歪（ないし応力）が大きく、容易開放されにくい。従来例２は従来例１の平面長円状の容易開放蓋の中央部に縦溝を入れ、上下２ヶ所に容易破裂開始点を設けたものである。これは従来例１よりも本発明に近く、縦線と外環部との交点部は低い作動圧で破裂が始まる。
しかし、従来例２ではまだ臨界歪ないし作動圧はなお大きい。
Conventional example 1 is a safety valve having a plan view with a simple V-notch cross section and contoured as an oval continuous loop, and this continuous loop may be a semi-continuous dotted line. In this case, even if an internal pressure is applied, the outer peripheral easily rupture groove is ruptured only by expanding, but the opening location is not specified, the strain (or stress) is large, and it is difficult to be easily opened. In Conventional Example 2, a longitudinal groove is provided in the center of the flat oval easy open lid of Conventional Example 1, and easy burst start points are provided at two locations above and below. This is closer to the present invention than in the conventional example 1, and the intersection of the vertical line and the outer ring portion starts to burst at a low operating pressure.
However, in the conventional example 2, the critical strain or operating pressure is still large.
これに対し、本発明実施例１では略円形の平面形状をしているが、内環と外環を略ラジアル方向に結ぶラジアル方向容易破裂溝と内環、外環容易破裂溝との交点（容易破裂開始点EOP）から、低い圧力で破裂が生じてクラックが伝幡する。 On the other hand, the first embodiment of the present invention has a substantially circular planar shape, but an intersection of a radial easy rupture groove that connects the inner ring and the outer ring in a substantially radial direction, and an inner ring and an outer ring easy rupture groove ( From the easy rupture start point EOP), rupture occurs at low pressure and propagates the crack.
本発明実施例２ではラジアル方向に４本の容易開放破裂溝がスポーク状に内環と外環を繋いでいるが、４個の内側交差容易破裂点が起点になって破裂が生じ各点３方にクラックが伝幡し、低い内圧（作動圧）で低歪のまま低圧で破裂する。
本発明では、上記容易開口溝が断面図上Ｖノッチ断面ないし平面図上略直交する二方向の板厚方向歪み（剪断加工板厚方向）として構成されているので、平面図上（半径方向と周方向に）略直交する歪み交叉部では特に加工硬化が激しく、即ち転位が高密度で集中しているので、内圧の急上昇に応じて板厚方向の剪断応力を受けると缶蓋の安全弁を容易に開口破断させることが出来る。
また図１上Ｃ（本発明実施例１）、Ｄ（本発明実施例２）の如く、安全弁においては缶蓋のほぼ中心部に近い交差部ＥＯＤ（イージーオープン溝）が上下方向歪が最も大きいので、この交差部で集中応力によって最初の破裂が開始され、これが内側ＥＯＤの内側円周に沿い、また一方で、ＥＯＤラジアル方向に沿って破裂（断）が進行し、最後に最外周のＥＯＤＲに沿って破裂が進行する。
この間この缶蓋の中央部安全弁（平面図上円板中心部）は固定端縁である周縁部からの拘束が最も小さいので、周に沿って強力に展張された太鼓の皮中心部のように、上下振動振幅が最大となった時、鋼やＡｌ等の金属板円板では所謂ペコ缶（従来のノミ取り粉噴霧用のペコ缶）の如く一時的な座屈が生じる事もあるが、この時に円周方向とラジアル方向の交差部ＥＯＤにおいて応力が集中して生じた加工硬化部が先ず脆性破壊してマイクロクラックから亀裂（クラック）となり、その亀裂が缶蓋の安全弁周方向とラジアル方向（半径方向）に伝幡し、座屈から生じた破壊が伝幡して安全弁が開口し、その結果缶内ガスが気中に放出される。
In Example 2 of the present invention, four easy- open rupture grooves in the radial direction connect the inner ring and the outer ring in a spoke shape, but rupture occurred at the four inner cross easy rupture points. The crack propagates to the direction and bursts at low pressure with low internal pressure (working pressure) and low strain.
In the present invention, the easy opening groove is configured as a plate thickness direction strain (shearing plate thickness direction) in two directions substantially orthogonal to each other on the V-notch cross section or the plan view on the cross section. Work strain is particularly severe at strain intersections that are approximately perpendicular to the circumferential direction (that is, the dislocations are concentrated at high density), so it is easy to make a safety valve for can lids when subjected to shear stress in the thickness direction in response to a sudden rise in internal pressure. The opening can be broken.
Further, as shown in C (Invention Example 1) and D (Invention Example 2) in FIG. 1, in the safety valve, the intersection EOD (easy open groove) near the center of the can lid has the largest vertical distortion. Therefore, the first rupture is started by the concentrated stress at this intersection, and this ruptures along the inner circumference of the inner EOD, and on the other hand, along the EOD radial direction, and finally the outermost EODR. Rupture progresses along.
During this time, the central safety valve of this can lid (the central part of the disk on the plan view) has the smallest restraint from the peripheral edge, which is the fixed edge, so that it looks like the central part of the drum skin that is strongly stretched along the circumference. In addition, when the vertical vibration amplitude is maximized, a temporary buckling may occur in a metal plate disk such as steel or Al like a so-called Peco can (conventional Peco can for flea dusting spray), At this time, the work-hardened portion, which is caused by stress concentration at the intersection EOD between the circumferential direction and the radial direction, first brittlely breaks and becomes a crack from the microcrack, and the crack is the circumferential direction and the radial direction of the can lid safety valve. It propagates in the (radial direction), breakage caused by buckling propagates, the safety valve opens, and as a result, the gas in the can is released into the air.
蓋中心部の内側の方が内圧によって上方Ｚ軸方向に膨らみ、弾性変形して、破裂弾性溝に剪断応力が集中するからである。ラジアル方向の容易破断溝と交差する４個の内径内輪交差点において、分離応力が最大に達するために、先ず破断が開始され、やがて破断は容易破断溝（外輪）に達して容易破断片は破断開口する。但し、前述の通り容易破断片の一部は開口後缶蓋に残るようにしないとＥＯＥ破片が完全分離しては危険であるから、必ず一部の連続部を残すようにする。
なお、本発明実施例では２段環状のみならず、長円形、楕円形、扇形、多角形等のＥＯＥ形状であってもよく、特に形状は制限されない。要は、略直交するEODR（容易開放破裂溝）を含むことである。
This is because the inner side of the lid center portion swells in the upper Z-axis direction due to internal pressure, elastically deforms, and shear stress concentrates in the rupture elastic groove. In order to reach the maximum separation stress at the four inner diameter inner ring intersections that intersect the easy break grooves in the radial direction, the break starts first, and eventually the break reaches the easy break groove (outer ring), and the easy break fragments open to the break. To do. However, as described above, if a part of the easily broken pieces is not left on the can lid after opening, it is dangerous if the EOE pieces are completely separated.
In the embodiment of the present invention, not only a two-stage annular shape but also an EOE shape such as an oval shape, an elliptical shape, a sector shape, a polygonal shape, etc. , the shape is not particularly limited. The point is to include EODR (Easily Open Rupture Grooves) that are approximately orthogonal.
本発明の基本原理は、手近な軟鋼線（針金）を手で以て折曲げ続けると加工硬化が生じて（この時若干発熱するが）次第に硬くなり、遂には折れてしまう軟質金属特有の性質を、応力集中と共に維持して、剪断応力から脆性破壊に至る破裂特性を電池安全弁の望ましい性質と結びつけたところにあり、断面形状の異なる複数の容易破裂溝を、例えば略直角に交わらせる事などにより、クラック発生容易性とクラック伝幡特性を変化させる処に特徴がある。更にこれに（低中温）熱処理を加えて回復、再結晶プロセスによって微妙に要求特性を制御可能な事を示唆している。 The basic principle of the present invention is that the soft metal wire (wire) that is close to hand is bent by hand. Work hardening occurs (although it generates a little heat at this time). Is maintained in conjunction with stress concentration, and the rupture characteristics from shear stress to brittle fracture are combined with the desired properties of the battery safety valve, and multiple easily rupture grooves with different cross-sectional shapes intersect, for example, at approximately right angles Therefore, it is characterized by changing the ease of crack generation and crack propagation characteristics. Furthermore, it is suggested that the required properties can be finely controlled by applying a (low and medium temperature) heat treatment to recover and recrystallize.
従って本発明思想は従来は思いもよらなかった各種の分離容易な金属片連続体に応用可能である。例えば分離容易な半導体電子部品連続体やその他医療用サンプルや薬剤単位等の各種精密部品の中間プロセス用分離容易な連続体など、用途には限りないものと思われる。 Therefore, the idea of the present invention can be applied to various metal piece continuums that can be easily separated, which was not conceived in the past. For example, it is considered that there is no limit to applications such as a semiconductor electronic component continuum that can be easily separated and a continuum that can be easily separated for intermediate processes of various precision parts such as medical samples and drug units.
Ａ 従来例１
Ｂ 従来例２
Ｃ 本発明実施例１
Ｄ 本発明実施例２
YA 従来例１の作動圧
YB 従来例２の作動圧
YC 本発明実施例１
YD 本発明実施例２
EOD 容易破裂溝
EODR 略ラジアル方向の容易破壊溝
EOP 破裂開始点(交点)
A 圧下圧力
L 剪断加工ストローク
t1 一方向剪断加工残厚
t2 往復剪断加工残圧
10 素材鋼板
１１ 一方向剪断加工容易破裂溝
１２ 往復剪断加工容易破裂溝
２０ プレス押型(もしくは剪断刃)
３０ しわ押さえ
A Conventional example 1
B Conventional example 2
C Inventive Example 1
D Inventive Example 2
YA Working pressure of Conventional Example 1
YB Working pressure of Conventional Example 2
YC Inventive Example 1
YD Inventive Example 2
EOD easy rupture groove
EODR Easy breaking groove in the radial direction
EOP burst start point (intersection)
A reduction pressure
L Shearing stroke
t 1 Unidirectional shearing remaining thickness
t 2 Reciprocating shearing residual pressure
10
30 Wrinkle presser
Claims (3)
（１）Vノッチ型容易破裂溝同志の組合せ、
（２）一方向剪断加工型容易破裂溝同志の組合せ、
（３）往復剪断加工型容易破裂溝同志の組合せ、 The safety valve for a sealed battery according to claim 2, wherein the intersection of the easy rupture groove described in claim 1 and the substantially radial easy rupture groove is a combination of any one of the following (1) to (3).
(1) Combination of V notch type easy rupture grooves,
(2) Combination of one-way shearing type easy rupture grooves,
(3) Combination of reciprocating shearing type easy rupture grooves,
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006303362A JP4676947B2 (en) | 2006-11-08 | 2006-11-08 | Sealed battery safety valve |
| TW096140210A TWI413328B (en) | 2006-11-08 | 2007-10-26 | Closed battery safety valve |
| KR1020070111353A KR101164285B1 (en) | 2006-11-08 | 2007-11-02 | Safety valve for sealed cells |
| CN2007101663859A CN101179119B (en) | 2006-11-08 | 2007-11-08 | Safety valve of sealed baterry |
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| JP2006303362A JP4676947B2 (en) | 2006-11-08 | 2006-11-08 | Sealed battery safety valve |
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| JP2008123726A JP2008123726A (en) | 2008-05-29 |
| JP4676947B2 true JP4676947B2 (en) | 2011-04-27 |
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| JP (1) | JP4676947B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101164285B1 (en) |
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| JP2010232089A (en) | 2009-03-27 | 2010-10-14 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Sealed cell |
| JP4605823B1 (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2011-01-05 | 章 池田 | Sealed battery safety valve and sealed battery using the same |
| JP5538509B2 (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2014-07-02 | 日立ビークルエナジー株式会社 | Secondary battery |
| JP5928434B2 (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2016-06-01 | Smk株式会社 | Cold forging method and explosion-proof valve for thin-walled parts |
| JPWO2021181893A1 (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2021-09-16 |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10284033A (en) * | 1997-04-07 | 1998-10-23 | Mikuni Kogyo:Kk | Manufacture of safety valve of lithium ion battery |
| JPH10340713A (en) * | 1997-04-09 | 1998-12-22 | Mikuni Kogyo:Kk | Safety valve of lithium ion battery |
| JP2000251864A (en) * | 1999-03-01 | 2000-09-14 | Matsushita Battery Industrial Co Ltd | Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
| JP2003297323A (en) * | 2002-04-04 | 2003-10-17 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | Safety device for secondary battery |
| JP2005071836A (en) * | 2003-08-26 | 2005-03-17 | Toshiba Shomei Precision Kk | Sealing plate and sealed battery |
-
2006
- 2006-11-08 JP JP2006303362A patent/JP4676947B2/en active Active
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2007
- 2007-10-26 TW TW096140210A patent/TWI413328B/en active
- 2007-11-02 KR KR1020070111353A patent/KR101164285B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2007-11-08 CN CN2007101663859A patent/CN101179119B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10284033A (en) * | 1997-04-07 | 1998-10-23 | Mikuni Kogyo:Kk | Manufacture of safety valve of lithium ion battery |
| JPH10340713A (en) * | 1997-04-09 | 1998-12-22 | Mikuni Kogyo:Kk | Safety valve of lithium ion battery |
| JP2000251864A (en) * | 1999-03-01 | 2000-09-14 | Matsushita Battery Industrial Co Ltd | Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
| JP2003297323A (en) * | 2002-04-04 | 2003-10-17 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | Safety device for secondary battery |
| JP2005071836A (en) * | 2003-08-26 | 2005-03-17 | Toshiba Shomei Precision Kk | Sealing plate and sealed battery |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101179119B (en) | 2013-11-06 |
| TW200836444A (en) | 2008-09-01 |
| TWI413328B (en) | 2013-10-21 |
| KR101164285B1 (en) | 2012-07-09 |
| KR20080041996A (en) | 2008-05-14 |
| CN101179119A (en) | 2008-05-14 |
| JP2008123726A (en) | 2008-05-29 |
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