JP4653466B2 - Landslide control method using foam glass - Google Patents
Landslide control method using foam glass Download PDFInfo
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- JP4653466B2 JP4653466B2 JP2004341207A JP2004341207A JP4653466B2 JP 4653466 B2 JP4653466 B2 JP 4653466B2 JP 2004341207 A JP2004341207 A JP 2004341207A JP 2004341207 A JP2004341207 A JP 2004341207A JP 4653466 B2 JP4653466 B2 JP 4653466B2
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Description
本発明は、自然の傾斜地や盛土部分おける地すべりや崩壊の発生を未然に防止する方法並びに施工構造に関する。 The present invention relates to a method and a construction structure for preventing the occurrence of landslide and collapse in natural sloped land and embankment.
地球環境の保全を目指したゼロエミッション(資源循環型社会)構想の気運の高まりに伴い、各種の廃棄物を再利用したリサイクル製品が考案されている。そのような製品の一つに、廃棄ガラスを加工して再利用した新資材・発泡ガラスがある。発泡ガラスは、2 〜75mmの不定形塊状で、軽量、高通水の特性を有している。土木構造物である擁壁、ボックスカルバート等の裏込め等、砂や砂利の代替材として利用され始めているが、コスト高になることにより採用件数は伸びていない。発泡ガラスの特性を十分に生かした活用法を確立する必要がある。 Along with the increasing momentum of the zero emission (resource recycling society) concept aimed at preserving the global environment, recycled products that reuse various types of waste have been devised. One such product is foamed glass, a new material that is processed and reused from waste glass. Foamed glass is an indeterminate block of 2 to 75 mm, and has light weight and high water flow characteristics. Although it has begun to be used as a substitute for sand and gravel, such as retaining walls that are civil engineering structures and box culverts, etc., the number of adoption has not increased due to high costs. It is necessary to establish a utilization method that fully utilizes the characteristics of foam glass.
一方、宅地、農地、公園等の造成に伴って多くの盛土斜面が建設されている。例えば、特開2001−193071号公報に記載の軽量盛土工法なども開示されている。盛土の際の斜面勾配は盛土材の強度に応じて決定されるものであるが、土地利用との関係で、勾配を安定勾配より急にする必要がある場合には、擁壁による補強や盛土材の軽量化等により斜面の安定が図られている。しかし、豪雨や長雨の後に盛土斜面において地すべりや崩壊が発生することも少なくない。このような地すべり・崩壊の発生の主要因の一つは地下水位の上昇に伴う間隙水圧の増大であり、通常、水抜きボーリング工による地下水排除により対策がなされている。地下水排除は、盛土に限らず自然斜面で発生した地すべりの再発生防止対策においても効果的であるが、水抜きボーリング工の排水用有孔管の経年的な機能低下が問題視されている。
本発明では、豪雨が引き金になり発生した盛土地すべり事例をモデルとして、発泡ガラスを活用した盛土斜面の設計について検討を行った。 In this invention, the design of the embankment slope using foamed glass was examined using the embankment slip example that occurred due to heavy rain as a model.
図1は通常の造成盛土斜面を示す断面図である。傾斜地帯における農地や宅地、公園地等の造成整備では, 図1のような盛土斜面が構造上必要とされる。その斜面長は地盤および土質特性により大きくなる場合が多く、新たな用地の取得や周辺の土地利用との関係から斜面を短く急勾配として擁壁で補強する必要が生じたりして, 整備コストが増大する。他方, 土質的に問題の多い地盤では, 造成後に盛土と元地盤との境界面付近土が浸透水により年々弱化するので, 豪雨や長雨の際の地下水上昇が原因で地すべりや崩壊が多発する。 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a normal created embankment slope. In the construction and development of farmland, residential land, parks, etc. in sloped areas, the embankment slopes as shown in Fig. 1 are required for the structure. The slope length often increases depending on the ground and soil properties, and it is necessary to reinforce the slope with a retaining wall as a short steep slope due to the acquisition of new land and the use of the surrounding land. Increase. On the other hand, in the soil with many soil problems, the soil near the boundary between the embankment and the former ground is weakened year after year by the seepage water, and landslides and collapses occur frequently due to the groundwater rise during heavy rain and long rain.
一方、本発明で利用する発泡ガラスは次のようにして製造される。すなわち、図2(1)の1は廃びんであり、この廃びん1を破砕機によって破砕すると、(2)のように、数mm大の粒2になる。このガラスカレット2を、粉砕機によってパウダー状に粉砕すると、(3)のように、ガラス粉末3になる。このようなガラス粉末3に発泡剤を混ぜて、炉の中で焼成すると、板状の発泡盤となって出て来るが、大気で急冷されると自然に割れて(4)のような軽石状の発泡ガラス4となる。この発泡ガラスの製造装置の詳細は特開2001−335391に開示されている。
On the other hand, the foam glass used in the present invention is produced as follows. That is, 1 in FIG. 2 (1) is waste, and when this
このように、本発明で利用する発泡ガラスは、廃棄ガラスびんなどのガラスを再利用した新材料である。出来上がった発泡ガラスの特質は、連続間隙型(吸水性)または独立間隙型(非吸水性)のガラス質多孔体で, 乾燥密度および吸水率を製造過程の諸条件を変えることで調整することができる。今回の発明に用いた発泡ガラスは、乾燥密度ρd =0.4 〜0.5g/ cm3 、吸水率10%の独立間隙型のものである。<37.5mm調整試料の単位体積重量はνw=2.9 〜3.9kN/ m3で、透水係数はκ= 3 ×10-2〜1 ×10 0cm/ s である。 Thus, the foam glass used in the present invention is a new material that reuses glass such as waste glass bottles. The characteristics of the finished foam glass are continuous porous (water-absorbing) or independent porous (non-water-absorbing) glassy porous materials, and the drying density and water absorption can be adjusted by changing various conditions in the manufacturing process. it can. The foam glass used in the present invention is of the independent gap type having a dry density ρd = 0.4 to 0.5 g / cm 3 and a water absorption of 10%. <The unit volume weight of the 37.5 mm adjusted sample is νw = 2.9 to 3.9 kN / m 3 , and the water permeability is κ = 3 × 10 −2 to 1 × 10 0 cm / s.
本発明の技術的課題は、従来の盛土における前記のような問題に着目し、軽量で高通水性という特性を有する発泡ガラスを用いて盛土などの地すべりや崩壊を効果的に抑止可能とすることにある。 The technical problem of the present invention is to pay attention to the above-mentioned problems in conventional embankment, and to effectively suppress landslides and collapses such as embankments using a lightweight and highly water-permeable foam glass. is there.
本発明の技術的課題は次のような手段によって解決される。請求項1のように、造成後に盛土と元地盤との境界面付近土が浸透水により年々弱化するため豪雨や長雨の際の地下水上昇が原因で地すべりや崩壊の要因となりそうな造成盛土斜面に、任意の深さの任意形状の窪みないし穴を掘って、その中に発泡ガラス資材を詰め込んだ構造にすると、周囲の地下水が発泡ガラス資材詰め込み部に集中するので、発泡ガラス資材詰め込み部中に集まった水を効果的に排水すれば、地下水の水位が発泡ガラス資材詰め込み部の底部より高くなることを防止でき、地下水の水位を従来より低下できる。
そのため造成盛土斜面の地すべりや崩壊を効果的に抑制可能となる。発泡ガラス資材詰め込み部中に集まった水を効果的に排水するには、天然の通水性の良いか所を探して、その付近に設けたり、請求項4に記載のような通水路などで連通するなどの手法で実現できる。
また、盛土などの傾斜面の上に造成面が有る場合、造成面における前記造成盛土斜面寄りの位置が水位上昇等で一層地すべりや崩壊を起こしやすい。この際の重みで地すべりや崩壊を一層起こしやすい領域に、前記の軽い発泡ガラス資材の詰め込み部を設けると、地下水の水位を低下できる効果に加えて、発泡ガラス資材が軽量であるため、地すべりや崩壊がより一層発生しにくくなる。
The technical problem of the present invention is solved by the following means. As in
Therefore, it is possible to effectively suppress landslides and collapse of the created embankment slope. In order to effectively drain the water gathered in the foam glass material stuffing section, look for a place where natural water permeability is good and install it in the vicinity, or communicate with a water passage as described in
In addition, when there is a creation surface on an inclined surface such as embankment, the position near the creation embankment slope on the creation surface is more likely to cause landslide or collapse due to rising water level. In addition to the effect of lowering the level of groundwater, providing the above-mentioned light foam glass material stuffing section in an area where landslides and collapse are more likely to occur due to the weight at this time, in addition to the effect of reducing the level of groundwater, Collapse is less likely to occur.
請求項2のような方法によると、
(1).造成後に盛土と元地盤との境界面付近土が浸透水により年々弱化するため豪雨や長雨の際の地下水上昇が原因で地すべりや崩壊を起こしやすい造成盛土斜面に発泡ガラス資材の詰め込み部を設けると共に、
(2).造成面における水位上昇の影響を最も受けやすい前記造成盛土斜面寄りの位置にも、軽い発泡ガラス資材の詰め込み部を設けるため、造成盛土斜面や造成面の造成盛土斜面寄りの位置の地すべりや崩壊を効果的に抑制できる。
According to the good Una method according to
(1) Since the soil near the boundary between the embankment and the original ground is weakened year after year due to seepage water, the foamed glass material is packed on the constructed embankment slope, which is prone to landslide and collapse due to groundwater rise during heavy rain and long rain. And providing a part
(2) Since the light foamed glass material stuffing section is also provided at the position near the above-mentioned embankment slope, which is most susceptible to the rise of the water level on the construction surface, Landslide and collapse can be effectively suppressed.
請求項3は、前記の発泡ガラス資材詰め込み部を、傾斜面における等高部位に沿って、排水機能と軽量化機能を考慮して配設することを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の発泡ガラスを活用した地すべり抑制方法である。このように、前記の発泡ガラス資材詰め込み部が、傾斜面における等高部位に沿って、排水機能と軽量化機能を考慮して配設することにより、地下水の水位を全体的に均一のレベルに揃えることができる。そのため、部分的に特別に地下水の水位が低い部分が生じて、その部分から地すべりや崩壊が発生するような問題を未然に防止できる。
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the foamed glass material stuffing portion is disposed along the contoured portion on the inclined surface in consideration of the drainage function and the weight reduction function. It is a landslide suppression method using the described foamed glass. As described above, the foam glass material stuffing portion is disposed along the contoured portion on the inclined surface in consideration of the drainage function and the weight reduction function. Can be aligned. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a problem in which a part where the groundwater level is particularly low and a landslide or collapse occurs from that part.
請求項4は、前記の発泡ガラス資材詰め込み部を複数か所に設け、それぞれの発泡ガラス資材詰め込み部の間または外気に、連通用発泡ガラス資材詰め込み部又は管で形成した通水性路で連通することを特徴とする請求項1、請求項2または請求項3に記載の発泡ガラスを活用した地すべり抑制方法である。通水性路とは、配管や排水路などでもよいし、通水性のよい性質の土壌や本発明に用いる発泡ガラスなどを埋めた通水性の経路などであってもよい。このように、前記の発泡ガラス資材詰め込み部を複数か所に設けると共にそれぞれの発泡ガラス資材詰め込み部の間を通水性路で連通することにより、最高位の発泡ガラス資材詰め込み部から最低位の発泡ガラス資材詰め込み部に排水を集めてから、大気に導いて外部に排水できる。あるいは、複数のそれぞれの発泡ガラス資材詰め込み部から、通水性路によって外気に連通させて、外部に排水してもよい。
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the foamed glass material stuffing portion is provided at a plurality of locations, and communicates with each other between the foamed glass material stuffing portions or outside air through a water passage formed by the communicating foamed glass material stuffing portion or pipe. A landslide suppressing method using the foamed glass according to
請求項1のように、造成後に盛土と元地盤との境界面付近土が浸透水により年々弱化するため豪雨や長雨の際の地下水上昇が原因で地すべりや崩壊の要因となりそうな造成盛土斜面に、任意の深さの任意形状の窪みないし穴を掘って、その中に発泡ガラス資材を詰め込んだ構造にすると、周囲の地下水が発泡ガラス資材詰め込み部に集中するので、発泡ガラス資材詰め込み部中に集まった水を効果的に排水すれば、地下水の水位が発泡ガラス資材詰め込み部の底部より高くなることを防止でき、地下水の水位を従来より低下できる。
そのため、造成盛土斜面の地すべりや崩壊を効果的に抑制可能となる。
また、盛土などの傾斜面の上に造成面が有る場合、造成面における前記造成盛土斜面寄りの位置が水位上昇等で一層地すべりや崩壊を起こしやすい。このように重みで地すべりや崩壊を一層起こしやすい領域に、前記の軽い発泡ガラス資材の詰め込み部を設けると、地下水の水位を低下できる効果に加えて、発泡ガラス資材が軽量であるため、地すべりや崩壊がより一層発生しにくくなる。
As in
Therefore, it is possible to effectively suppress landslides and collapse of the created embankment slope.
In addition, when there is a creation surface on an inclined surface such as embankment, the position near the creation embankment slope on the creation surface is more likely to cause landslide or collapse due to rising water level. In addition to the effect of lowering the level of groundwater, if the above-mentioned light foam glass material stuffing part is provided in an area where landslides and collapses are more likely to occur due to weight, the foam glass material is lightweight, so landslide and Collapse is less likely to occur.
請求項2のような方法によると、
(1).造成後に盛土と元地盤との境界面付近土が浸透水により年々弱化するため豪雨や長雨の際の地下水上昇が原因で地すべりや崩壊を起こしやすい造成盛土斜面に発泡ガラス資材の詰め込み部を設けると共に、
(2).造成面における水位上昇の影響を最も受けやすい前記造成盛土斜面寄りの位置にも、軽い発泡ガラス資材の詰め込み部を設けるため、造成盛土斜面や造成面の造成盛土斜面寄りの位置の地すべりや崩壊を効果的に抑制できる。
According to the good Una method according to
(1) Since the soil near the boundary between the embankment and the original ground is weakened year after year due to seepage water, the foamed glass material is packed on the constructed embankment slope, which is prone to landslide and collapse due to groundwater rise during heavy rain and long rain. And providing a part
(2) Since the light foamed glass material stuffing section is also provided at the position near the above-mentioned embankment slope, which is most susceptible to the rise of the water level on the construction surface, Landslide and collapse can be effectively suppressed.
請求項3のように、前記の発泡ガラス資材詰め込み部が、傾斜面における等高部位に沿って配設することにより、地下水の水位を全体的に均一のレベルに揃えることができる。そのため、部分的に特別に地下水の水位が低い部分が生じて、その部分から地すべりや崩壊が発生するような問題を未然に防止できる。 According to the third aspect of the present invention, the foam glass material stuffing portion is disposed along the contoured portion on the inclined surface, so that the groundwater level can be made uniform on the whole. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a problem in which a part where the groundwater level is particularly low and a landslide or collapse occurs from that part.
請求項4のように、前記の発泡ガラス資材詰め込み部を複数か所に設けると共にそれぞれの発泡ガラス資材詰め込み部の間を通水性路で連通することにより、最高位の発泡ガラス資材詰め込み部から最低位の発泡ガラス資材詰め込み部に排水を集めてから、大気に導いて外部に排水できる。あるいは、複数のそれぞれの発泡ガラス資材詰め込み部から、通水性路によって外気に連通させて、外部に排水してもよい。
As in
次に本発明による発泡ガラスを活用した盛土技術が実際上どのように具体化されるか実施形態を説明する。図3は、ガラス発泡材を適切施用した造成盛土の縦断面図であり、図4はその平面図である。5が計画造成面、6が盛土傾斜面であり、網目斜線部7が盛土部、8が元地盤である。 Next, an embodiment of how the embankment technique using the foamed glass according to the present invention is practically described will be described. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a formed embankment in which a glass foam material is appropriately applied, and FIG. 4 is a plan view thereof. 5 is a plan creation surface, 6 is an embankment inclined surface, a mesh hatched portion 7 is an embankment portion, and 8 is an original ground.
本発明の場合、傾斜面6の地すべりや崩壊の要因となりそうな領域に任意の深さの任意形状の窪みないし穴を掘って、その中に発泡ガラス資材を詰め込むが、9がこうして形成した発泡ガラス詰め込み部である。この発泡ガラス詰め込み部9は、1段だけ設けてもよいが、図示のように、複数段設けるのがより効果的である。また、図3、図4からも明らかなように、発泡ガラス詰め込み部9は、傾斜面6における等高部位に沿って配設してある。なお、最下位の発泡ガラス詰め込み部93は、末端部擁壁を兼ねている。 In the case of the present invention, an indentation or hole of an arbitrary shape of an arbitrary depth is dug in an area that is likely to cause a landslide or collapse of the inclined surface 6, and a foamed glass material is packed therein. It is a glass stuffing part. This foamed glass stuffing portion 9 may be provided in only one stage, but it is more effective to provide a plurality of stages as shown. As is clear from FIGS. 3 and 4, the foam glass stuffing portion 9 is disposed along the contoured portion of the inclined surface 6. Note that the lowermost foam glass filling portion 93 also serves as a terminal retaining wall.
さらに、発泡ガラスの軽量性を生かして、図3の発泡ガラス詰め込み部91のように、造成面5における傾斜面6寄りの位置に設けることも有効であり、軽量で軽荷重となるため、最も強度の弱い部分の地すべりや崩壊を効果的に抑止できる。
Furthermore, taking advantage of the light weight of the foam glass, it is also effective to provide it at a position near the inclined surface 6 in the
図5は別の実施形態を示す平面図であり、前記の発泡ガラス詰め込み部9を複数か所に設けると共に、それぞれの発泡ガラス詰め込み部9の間を通水性路10で連通してある。図5の場合は、上下の発泡ガラス詰め込み部91、92、93の間に溝を掘って、その中に発泡ガラスを詰め込んである。各発泡ガラスの間隙は通水路として作用するため、排水溝として作用する。
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing another embodiment, in which the foamed glass stuffing portions 9 are provided at a plurality of locations, and the foamed glass stuffed portions 9 are communicated with each other through
発泡ガラスを詰め込まずに、U字溝状の水路としてもよいが、図示のように発泡ガラス4を詰め込みのがよい。しかも、各発泡ガラス詰め込み部9はもちろん、通水性路10中の発泡ガラス4の上に土を被せたり、芝生を被せたりして、発泡ガラス4が露出しないようにするのがよい。被せる深さないし厚さは任意である。
Although it is good also as a U-shaped groove-shaped water channel without stuffing foam glass, it is good to stuff
図3では、排水パイプ11が図示されている。このように、各発泡ガラス詰め込み部9の底側に排水パイプ11を設けて、隣接する発泡ガラス詰め込み部9の間を連結して、通水可能としてもよい。排水パイプ11が図5の通水性路10の役目を果たしている。排水パイプ11や図5の通水性路10は、直接に外気に導いて、外部に排水可能とすることもできる。
In FIG. 3, a drain pipe 11 is shown. As described above, the drainage pipe 11 may be provided on the bottom side of each of the foam glass stuffing portions 9 to connect the adjacent foam glass stuffing portions 9 so that water can be passed therethrough. The drain pipe 11 plays the role of the
以上のように、発泡ガラス詰め込み部9を設けて、天然の排水性部や排水パイプ11や図5の通水性路10などを用いて、発泡ガラス詰め込み部9に集まった水を効果的に排水する手法を採ることによって、地下水の水位の上昇を抑制することが可能となる。図3における一点鎖線12が低下した地下水の水位であり、発泡ガラス詰め込み部9を設けたことにより、それぞれの発泡ガラス詰め込み部9の底部近傍まで地下水の水位が低下する。図1の二点鎖線13で示す地下水の水位が傾斜面の表面近くまであり、図3の場合に比べると極めて高いことが明らかである。
As described above, the foam glass stuffing portion 9 is provided, and the water collected in the foam glass stuffing portion 9 is effectively drained by using the natural drainage portion, the drain pipe 11, the
次に、発泡ガラスを活用した盛土設計について説明する。
1.発泡ガラスを盛土材とした設計
発泡ガラスは高通水性(κ=3×10-2〜1 ×10 0cm/s)であるので、浸透地下水は速やかに排出され、発泡ガラス層中において水位の上昇はない。仮想すべり面の強風化泥岩にその完全軟化強度(φsf=27.6 °(csf=0 ))を、盛土部に発泡ガラスのピーク強度(cf=60kN/ m2・φf=34°)を適用した場合、安全率はFs=5.87となった。盛土材を発泡ガラスとすることにより盛土の安定度は高くなり、末端部擁壁のスリム化や斜面の急勾配化も可能になる。しかし、発泡ガラスの大量使用は不経済である上、造成地の用途(基盤に支持力が求められる車道、宅地等)によっては活用が不可となることも考えられる。
Next, the embankment design using foam glass will be described.
1. Design using foam glass as embankment material Foam glass is highly water-permeable (κ = 3 × 10-2 to 1 × 100 cm / s), so the infiltration groundwater is discharged quickly, and the rise of the water level in the foam glass layer Absent. When the fully softened strength (φsf = 27.6 ° (csf = 0)) is applied to the strongly weathered mudstone on the virtual slip surface, and the peak strength of foamed glass (cf = 60 kN / m 2 · φf = 34 °) is applied to the embankment The safety factor was Fs = 5.87. By using foam glass as the embankment material, the stability of the embankment becomes high, and it is possible to slim the end retaining wall and make the slope steep. However, large-scale use of foam glass is uneconomical, and it may be impossible to use depending on the use of the site (such as roadways and residential land where the support is required for the base).
2.軽量性を生かした盛土設計
発泡ガラスの軽量性を生かした盛土設計の一例を図6に示す。図6中、発泡ガラス施用部は、すべりブロック頭部の軽量化による滑動力の軽減を図っている。図6に示した地下水位の下、仮想すべり面の発泡ガラス部にそのピーク強度(cf=60kN/ m2・φf=34°)を、盛土泥岩部にそのピーク強度(c ′f =10kN/ m2・φ′f=37.5°)を、強風化泥岩部にその完全軟化強度(φsf=27.6 °(csf =0))を適用した場合、安全率はFs=1.78 となった。すべりブロック頭部の軽量化の効果はかなり大きい。しかし、発泡ガラスの軽量性により押さえ効果も激減することから、発泡ガラス施用部の後背地が新たに不安定化し、液状的にすべるおそれがある。そのため、波状性すべり発生防止の新たな対策が必要となる。
2. Fig. 6 shows an example of embankment design utilizing the lightness of foamed glass. In FIG. 6, the foamed glass application portion is intended to reduce sliding power by reducing the weight of the sliding block head. Under the groundwater level shown in Fig. 6, the peak strength (cf = 60kN / m 2 · φf = 34 °) is applied to the foamed glass portion of the virtual slip surface, and the peak strength (c'f = 10kN /) is applied to the embankment mudstone. When m 2 · φ′f = 37.5 °) and its fully softened strength (φsf = 27.6 ° (csf = 0)) are applied to the strongly weathered mudstone, the safety factor is Fs = 1.78. The effect of reducing the weight of the sliding block head is quite large. However, since the holding effect is drastically reduced due to the light weight of the foam glass, the back ground of the foam glass application part may be newly destabilized and slip in a liquid state. Therefore, a new measure for preventing the occurrence of wavy slip is required.
3.高通水性を生かした盛土設計
地下水位上昇に伴う間隙水圧の増大が地すべり発生の主要因の一つであるので、盛土の安定化に当たっては、地下水および地表水の排除が有効である。発泡ガラスの高通水性を生かした盛土の設計例を図7に示す。地下水位を低下させ、地下水位の上昇を抑制するための役割を果たすことを期待して発泡ガラスを明渠的施用した。斜面右上方に位置している発泡ガラス明渠が捕水渠として機能して、背後地からの地表水および地下浸透水を遮断するため、流入水は、盛土斜面に浸透する前に排除される。図7に示した地下水位の下、仮想すべり面の盛土泥岩部の強度にc ′f=10k N/ m2・φ′f =37.5 °を、強風化泥岩部にφsf=27.6°(csf=0)を適用し、Fs=1.14 を得た。発泡ガラスの補水機能を活用することにより、水抜きボーリング工と同等の効果が期待できる。
3. Embankment design utilizing high water permeability Since the increase of pore water pressure due to the rise in groundwater level is one of the main causes of landslides, the removal of groundwater and surface water is effective in stabilizing the embankment. FIG. 7 shows an example of embankment design utilizing the high water permeability of foam glass. Foam glass was applied clearly in the hope that it would play a role in lowering the groundwater level and suppressing the rise in groundwater level. The foamed glass alum located on the upper right side of the slope functions as a water catcher and blocks the surface water and underground seepage water from the back ground, so the inflow water is excluded before penetrating the embankment slope. Under the groundwater level shown in Fig. 7, c'f = 10k N / m 2 · φ'f = 37.5 ° for the strength of the embankment mudstone on the virtual slip surface, and φsf = 27.6 ° (csf = 0) was applied to obtain Fs = 1.14. By utilizing the water replenishment function of the foam glass, the same effect as the water draining boring can be expected.
4.合理的な盛土設計
軽量化による滑動力の軽減と高通水性による地下水位の上昇抑制を検討した。図8において、斜面頭部の大きな発泡ガラス明渠は、捕水渠としての役割とともに滑動力を軽減する働きも併せ持ち、土かぶり圧による押さえ効果を失わないよう考慮して設定した。他の斜面中のものは、地下水位を降下させ、その後の長雨や豪雨後の地下水位上昇を抑制する機能を持つ。斜面を急勾配下し(1:1.2 )末端部の擁壁を設置しない場合でも、仮想すべり面の盛土泥岩部にc′f =10kN/ m2・φ′f =37.5°を、強風化泥岩部にφsf=27.6 °(csf= 0)を、発泡ガラス部にcf=60kN/ m2・φf=34.0°適用しFs=1.52を得た。発泡ガラスの特性を生かし設計することにより、盛土が縮小され擁壁が不用となり、低コストの造成地整備が可能となる。
4). Rational embankment design We studied the reduction of sliding force by weight reduction and the suppression of the rise of groundwater level by high water permeability. In FIG. 8, the foamed glass alum with a large slope head has a role of catching water as well as a function of reducing sliding power, and is set in consideration of not losing the pressing effect due to earth cover pressure. Those in other slopes have the function of lowering the groundwater level and suppressing the rise of the groundwater level after long and heavy rain. Even when the slope is steeply lowered (1: 1.2) and the retaining wall at the end is not installed, c'f = 10kN / m 2 · φ'f = 37.5 ° is applied to the embankment mudstone of the virtual slip surface, and strongly weathered mudstone Φsf = 27.6 ° (csf = 0) was applied to the part and cf = 60 kN / m 2 · φf = 34.0 ° was applied to the foamed glass part to obtain Fs = 1.52. By designing by taking advantage of the characteristics of foam glass, the embankment is reduced, the retaining wall is not required, and low-cost land preparation is possible.
以上のように、本発明で用いる発泡ガラスは、ガラス発泡材の通水性, 軽量性および強度は土質工学的に優れた特質である。したがって、本発明のように発泡ガラス詰め込み部を設ける手法によると、通常の造成盛土斜面に比べて, 整備コストおよび安全性でかなり有利である。ガラス発泡材施用の効果, 作用, 優位性として次の点が挙げられる。 As described above, the foamed glass used in the present invention is excellent in soil engineering in terms of water permeability, light weight, and strength. Therefore, according to the method of providing the foamed glass filling portion as in the present invention, it is considerably advantageous in terms of maintenance cost and safety as compared with a normal constructed embankment slope. The following points can be mentioned as the effects, effects, and advantages of applying glass foam.
(1)ガラス発泡材の通水性は地下水位上昇抑制に, 軽量性は破壊応力低減に効果的に作用する。
(2)ガラス発泡材は強度的に変形・破砕がほとんど無いため, 施用後の配置構造および排水機能の経年的な変化がほとんどない。
(3)(1)および(2)の優位性の活用により, 急勾配化による斜面長短縮が可能となり, 用地取得のコスト減が図れる。
(4)(1)および(2)の機能を最大限に活かすことにより, 斜面末端の擁壁補強が不要となり, 造成のコスト減が図れる。
(5)(1)の優位性を活かしたガラス発泡材の盛土斜面への適切施用により, 限界地下水位に至らしめない構造となり, 土砂災害発生の未然防止が可能になる。
(6)地形, 地質, 土質および用地条件に応じた柔軟な造成盛土設計が可能になる。
(1) Water permeability of glass foam material effectively suppresses the rise of groundwater level, and light weight effectively reduces fracture stress.
(2) Since the glass foam is hardly deformed or crushed in strength, there is almost no change over time in the arrangement structure and drainage function after application.
(3) By using the advantages of (1) and (2), the slope length can be shortened by steep slope, and the cost of land acquisition can be reduced.
(4) By making the best use of the functions of (1) and (2), it is not necessary to reinforce the retaining wall at the end of the slope, and the cost of construction can be reduced.
(5) Appropriate application of glass foam to the embankment slope taking advantage of the advantages of (1) makes it possible to prevent the occurrence of landslide disasters, resulting in a structure that does not reach the critical groundwater level.
(6) It is possible to design a flexible embankment according to topography, geology, soil quality and site conditions.
以上のように、ガラス発泡材の通水性ふ軽量性という特質を生かして、傾斜面の地すべりや崩壊の要因となりそうな領域に任意の深さの任意形状の窪みない穴を形成して、その中に発泡ガラスを詰め込む手法を採ることによって、地下水の水位を低下させて、地すべりや崩壊を抑止できる。したがって、自然災害の抑止に加えて、廃ガラスを利用し資源を有効活用すると共に廃ガラスの抑制による環境保全にも寄与できる。 As mentioned above, taking advantage of the water permeability and lightness of glass foam material, forming a non-recessed hole of any shape at any depth in an area that is likely to cause a landslide or collapse on an inclined surface. By adopting a method of stuffing foam glass inside, the water level of groundwater can be lowered, and landslides and collapse can be suppressed. Therefore, in addition to the prevention of natural disasters, it is possible to use waste glass to effectively use resources and contribute to environmental conservation by suppressing waste glass.
5 計画造成面
6 盛土傾斜面
7 盛土部
8 元地盤
9 発泡ガラス詰め込み部
91 造成面の傾斜面寄りの発泡ガラス詰め込み部
93 末端部擁壁
10 通水性路
11 排水パイプ
5 Planned creation surface 6 Embankment sloped surface 7
Claims (4)
排水機能と軽量化機能を生かすべく、造成面における前記造成盛土斜面寄りの位置にも、発泡ガラス資材の詰め込み部を設けてなること、
を特徴とする発泡ガラスを活用した造成施工構造。
Since the soil near the boundary between the embankment and the original ground is weakened year after year by infiltration water , any shape of any shape of any depth can be formed on the constructed embankment slope that is prone to landslide and collapse due to groundwater rise during heavy rain and long rain . By digging a dimple or hole and stuffing foam glass material into it, while suppressing the rise in the level of groundwater,
In order to make use of the drainage function and the weight reduction function, a foamed glass material stuffing portion is also provided at a position near the created embankment slope on the created surface,
Construction construction utilizing foam glass characterized by
排水機能と軽量化機能を生かすべく、造成面における前記造成盛土斜面寄りの位置にも、発泡ガラス資材詰め込み部を設けること、
を特徴とする発泡ガラスを活用した造成盛土斜面の地すべり抑制方法。
Since the soil near the boundary between the embankment and the original ground is weakened year after year by infiltration water , any shape of any shape of any depth can be formed on the constructed embankment slope that is prone to landslide and collapse due to groundwater rise during heavy rain and long rain . digging a recess or bore, by packing the foam glass material therein, thereby suppressing the rise of the water level of the ground water,
In order to make use of the drainage function and weight reduction function, a foam glass material stuffing portion is also provided at a position near the created embankment slope on the created surface,
Landslide control method for the embankment slope using foam glass characterized by
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