JP4649592B2 - Single-crystal diamond cutting edge two-face machining apparatus and machining method - Google Patents

Single-crystal diamond cutting edge two-face machining apparatus and machining method Download PDF

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JP4649592B2
JP4649592B2 JP2005182596A JP2005182596A JP4649592B2 JP 4649592 B2 JP4649592 B2 JP 4649592B2 JP 2005182596 A JP2005182596 A JP 2005182596A JP 2005182596 A JP2005182596 A JP 2005182596A JP 4649592 B2 JP4649592 B2 JP 4649592B2
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cutting edge
cast iron
iron plate
crystal diamond
single crystal
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JP2007000959A (en
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千里 堤
恒雄 栗田
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National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
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Description

本発明は、単結晶ダイヤモンド切れ刃（以下、単に「切れ刃」ということがある。）の端面と周面を鋳鉄板上にオリーブ油で溶いた微粒ダイヤモンドで機上加工する２面加工用鋳鉄板、加工装置及び加工方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a cast iron plate for two-sided machining, in which the end surface and peripheral surface of a single crystal diamond cutting edge (hereinafter, sometimes simply referred to as “cutting edge”) are machined with fine diamonds dissolved in olive oil on the cast iron plate. The present invention relates to a processing apparatus and a processing method.

図１は、単結晶ダイヤモンド切れ刃１０の形状と切れ刃の名称を示したものであって、（ａ）は平面図、（ｂ）は正面図、（ｃ）は側面図である。
切れ刃１０は、端面１、周面２及びすくい面３を有し、４は端面切れ刃角、５は周面切れ刃角、６は端面逃げ角、７は周面逃げ角、８は上すくい角、９は横すくい角である。 FIG. 1 shows the shape of the single crystal diamond cutting edge 10 and the name of the cutting edge, where (a) is a plan view, (b) is a front view, and (c) is a side view.
The cutting edge 10 has an end face 1, a peripheral face 2 and a rake face 3, 4 is an end face cutting edge angle, 5 is a peripheral face cutting edge angle, 6 is an end face clearance angle, 7 is a peripheral surface clearance angle, and 8 is an upper side. Rake angle, 9 is a side rake angle.

従来から、単結晶ダイヤモンド切れ刃１０の加工は、水平に保持され高精度に平面加工された鋳鉄板にオリーブ油等で溶いた微細なダイヤモンド粉末を塗布し高速回転させ鋳鉄板上を中心部から外周部までの間を往復移動させる研磨加工で行われている。切れ刃１０を加工する場合２−４ミクロン、１−２ミクロン、０−０．５ミクロン、０−０．１ミクロンなどのダイヤモンド砥粒で微粒から極微粒まで砥粒を細かくしながら順次加工して良好な仕上げ面形状と粗さを得ている。一般の切れ刃１０の多くは、すくい面３と端面１と周面２の加工により製作されている。始めに切れ刃１０のすくい面３を高精度の平面に加工しておく。切れ刃１０の端面１と周面２は各々端面切れ刃角４、端面逃げ角６と周面切れ刃角５、周面逃げ角７とを有するため、切れ刃１０の先を特別の自在な角度に固定できる保持器具により保持し研磨加工している。
すくい面３を鏡面加工された切れ刃１０を工作機械に設置したまま切れ刃１０の端面１と周面２を機上加工するためには、従来法では図２に示す端面加工用鋳鉄板１１と図３に示す周面加工用鋳鉄板１２の２つの鋳鉄板１１、１２をそれぞれ中心軸を所定の角度傾斜させて設置する必要があった。
図２は、機上に固定された切れ刃１０の端面１の従来の加工の様子を、また図３は、機上に固定された切れ刃の周面２の従来の加工の様子を示している。
実際の加工時には切れ刃１０と鋳鉄板１１、１２とは最大砥粒径の１／２程度の間隔を有しているが、図２及び図３では判りづらいので極端に離して図示している（以下の図においても同じ。）。 Conventionally, the processing of the single crystal diamond cutting edge 10 has been performed by applying a fine diamond powder dissolved in olive oil or the like to a cast iron plate that is horizontally held and processed with high precision and rotated at a high speed to rotate the cast iron plate from the center to the outer periphery. It is performed by a polishing process that reciprocates between the two parts. When processing the cutting edge 10, it is processed sequentially while making the abrasive grains fine from fine to very fine with diamond abrasive grains of 2-4 microns, 1-2 microns, 0-0.5 microns, 0-0.1 microns, etc. Good surface finish and roughness. Most of the general cutting edges 10 are manufactured by machining the rake face 3, the end face 1, and the peripheral face 2. First, the rake face 3 of the cutting edge 10 is processed into a highly accurate plane. Since the end surface 1 and the peripheral surface 2 of the cutting edge 10 have an end surface cutting edge angle 4, an end surface clearance angle 6, a peripheral surface cutting edge angle 5, and a peripheral surface clearance angle 7, respectively, the tip of the cutting edge 10 can be specially freed. It is held and polished by a holding device that can be fixed at an angle.
In order to machine the end surface 1 and the peripheral surface 2 of the cutting edge 10 while the cutting edge 10 having the mirror surface processed on the rake face 3 is installed on the machine tool, the conventional method uses a cast iron plate 11 for end face processing shown in FIG. It is necessary to install the two cast iron plates 11 and 12 of the peripheral surface processing cast iron plate 12 shown in FIG. 3 with the central axis inclined at a predetermined angle.
FIG. 2 shows a state of conventional machining of the end face 1 of the cutting edge 10 fixed on the machine, and FIG. 3 shows a state of conventional machining of the peripheral surface 2 of the cutting edge fixed on the machine. Yes.
At the time of actual processing, the cutting edge 10 and the cast iron plates 11 and 12 have an interval of about ½ of the maximum abrasive grain size, but in FIG. 2 and FIG. (The same applies to the following figures.)

一般には単結晶ダイヤモンド切れ刃１０の加工は定圧加工及び定切り込み加工が用いられている。定切り込み加工の場合、１回の切り込み加工の砥粒と鋳鉄板の間隔は使用する砥粒の最大径の１／２程度に保つ切り込みが必要になることが経験から明らかにされている。定切り込みの機械を用いた場合、最終工程では０．０５ミクロン程度の切り込みを必要とする。現在０．００１ミクロン精度の加工機が市販されており、定切り込みでの超精密加工も可能になっている。
ところが、超精密加工機械を用いて切れ刃１０を機上に取り付け固定し、機上加工する場合、加工機械に充分なスペースが有る場合は、２組の傾斜保持された鋳鉄板１１、１２を用いた加工が可能であるが、鋳鉄板１１、１２等の工具の設置空間が小さい場合には、端面用と周面用の２つの鋳鉄板１１、１２の設置が困難であるという問題があった。 In general, constant pressure machining and constant cutting are used for machining the single crystal diamond cutting edge 10. In the case of fixed cutting, experience has shown that it is necessary to make a cut that keeps the distance between the abrasive grain of the single cutting process and the cast iron plate to about 1/2 of the maximum diameter of the abrasive grain to be used. In the case of using a constant cutting machine, the final process requires a cutting of about 0.05 microns. Currently, 0.001 micron precision processing machines are available on the market, and ultra-precision processing with constant cutting is also possible.
However, when the cutting blade 10 is mounted and fixed on the machine using an ultra-precision machining machine and machined on the machine, if there is sufficient space in the machine, two sets of cast iron plates 11 and 12 held at an inclination are attached. However, when the installation space for the tools such as the cast iron plates 11 and 12 is small, it is difficult to install the two cast iron plates 11 and 12 for the end surface and the peripheral surface. It was.

本発明は、１枚の鋳鉄板で単結晶ダイヤモンド切れ刃の端面及び周面の２つの面を加工できるようにした２面加工用鋳鉄板、加工装置及び加工方法を提供することを目的とする。   An object of the present invention is to provide a cast iron plate for two-side processing, a processing apparatus, and a processing method that can process the two surfaces of the end surface and the peripheral surface of a single crystal diamond cutting edge with a single cast iron plate. .

上記目的を達成するため、本発明の単結晶ダイヤモンド切れ刃の２面加工用鋳鉄板は、１枚の円板状をした鋳鉄板に単結晶ダイヤモンド切れ刃の端面切れ刃角及び周面切れ刃角に相当する円錐状の傾斜面を設けたことを特徴としている。
また、本発明の単結晶ダイヤモンド切れ刃の２面加工装置は、単結晶ダイヤモンド切れ刃の端面及び周面を、円板状をした鋳鉄板にオリーブ油等で溶いた微粒ダイヤモンドを塗布し該鋳鉄板の回転により加工する装置において、１枚の鋳鉄板に前記切れ刃の端面切れ刃角及び周面切れ刃角に相当する円錐状の傾斜面を設け、単結晶ダイヤモンド切れ刃を鋳鉄板のｘ軸からｙ方向にずれた位置において前記傾斜面に相対するように位置させてなることを特徴としている。
また、本発明の単結晶ダイヤモンド切れ刃の２面加工方法は、単結晶ダイヤモンド切れ刃の端面及び周面を、円板状をした鋳鉄板にオリーブ油等で溶いた微粒ダイヤモンドを塗布し該鋳鉄板の回転により加工する方法において、前記切れ刃の端面切れ刃角及び周面切れ刃角に相当する円錐状の傾斜面を設けた１枚の鋳鉄板に対して鋳鉄板のｘ軸からｙ方向にずれた位置の傾斜面の線ＡＬＯ−ＡＬＩに相対して単結晶ダイヤモンド切れ刃を位置させ、前記線ＡＬＯ−ＡＬＩに沿って３次元的に単結晶ダイヤモンド切れ刃及び鋳鉄板を相対移動させつつ切り込み加工することを特徴としている。 In order to achieve the above object, the cast iron plate for processing two faces of a single crystal diamond cutting edge according to the present invention has an end face cutting angle and a peripheral cutting edge of a single crystal diamond cutting edge on a single disc-shaped cast iron plate. A conical inclined surface corresponding to a corner is provided.
In addition, the single-crystal diamond cutting edge two-face machining apparatus according to the present invention is such that the end face and peripheral surface of the single-crystal diamond cutting edge are coated with fine diamond melted with olive oil or the like on a disc-shaped cast iron plate. In the apparatus for processing by rotating, a single cast iron plate is provided with a conical inclined surface corresponding to the end surface cutting edge angle and the peripheral surface cutting edge angle of the cutting edge, and the single crystal diamond cutting edge is placed on the x axis of the cast iron plate. It is characterized by being positioned so as to be opposed to the inclined surface at a position shifted in the y direction.
Further, in the two-side processing method of a single crystal diamond cutting edge according to the present invention, the end face and the peripheral surface of the single crystal diamond cutting edge are coated with fine diamond dissolved in olive oil or the like on a disk-shaped cast iron plate. In the method of machining by rotation of the cast iron plate in the y direction from the x axis of the cast iron plate with respect to one cast iron plate provided with a conical inclined surface corresponding to the end face cutting edge angle and the peripheral surface cutting edge angle of the cutting edge. The single crystal diamond cutting edge is positioned relative to the line ALO-ALI of the inclined surface at the shifted position, and the single crystal diamond cutting edge and the cast iron plate are relatively moved along the line ALO-ALI while moving relative to each other. It is characterized by processing.

本発明は、１枚の鋳鉄板で単結晶ダイヤモンド切れ刃の端面及び周面の２つの面を加工できるため、加工機械に充分なスペースがなく、工具の設置空間が小さい場合でも、単結晶ダイヤモンド切れ刃の端面及び周面の２つの面を加工することが可能になるという優れた効果を奏する。   Since the present invention can process the two faces of the single crystal diamond cutting edge and the peripheral surface with a single cast iron plate, the single crystal diamond can be used even when there is not enough space in the processing machine and the installation space of the tool is small. There is an excellent effect that the two surfaces of the end face and the peripheral surface of the cutting edge can be processed.

本発明を実施するための最良の形態を実施例に基づいて図面を参照して以下に説明する。   The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings based on the embodiments.

図４は、本発明の実施の形態に係る鋳鉄板、すなわち、１枚の鋳鉄板に単結晶ダイヤモンド切れ刃１０の端面１及び周面２を加工する加工面を備えた２面傾斜鋳鉄板（以下、２面傾斜鋳鉄板を単に「鋳鉄板」という。）の概略図を示したもので、（ａ）は正面断面図、（ｂ）は鋳鉄板を下方から見た底面図である。
高速回転する鋳鉄板２０は円板状をしており、鋳鉄板２０の下方端面２１には切れ刃１０の周面切れ刃角５に対応する傾き１４をもった端面傾斜面２２が設けられており、また、鋳鉄板２０の外周部２３に切れ刃１０の端面切れ刃角４に対応する傾き１３をもった外周傾斜面２４が設けられている。また、鋳鉄板２０を装着台に取り付けるための取付穴２５が設けられる。
鋳鉄板２０の両傾斜面２２、２４は最終工程では後述する曲面になっている事が好ましいが、切れ刃１０がブロック状の加工初期では、鋳鉄板２０の加工面である両傾斜面２２、２４は最終工程の曲面に加工せずに、最終曲面を直線近似して切れ刃１０の加工を開始しても良いし、加工能率を重視し曲面に加工して切れ刃１０の加工を開始しても良い。
直線近似で、切れ刃１０の加工により鋳鉄板２０の形状を目的の形状に創製する手法は後述する。
なお、切れ刃の端面１及び周面２の加工にあたっては、加工する切れ刃１０のすくい面３は機械に取り付ける前に鏡面加工されている事を前提としている。 FIG. 4 shows a cast iron plate according to an embodiment of the present invention, that is, a two-sided inclined cast iron plate provided with a machining surface for machining the end surface 1 and the peripheral surface 2 of the single crystal diamond cutting edge 10 on one cast iron plate ( Hereinafter, a schematic view of a two-sided inclined cast iron plate is simply referred to as “cast iron plate”), (a) is a front sectional view, and (b) is a bottom view of the cast iron plate as viewed from below.
The cast iron plate 20 that rotates at a high speed has a disk shape, and a lower end surface 21 of the cast iron plate 20 is provided with an end surface inclined surface 22 having an inclination 14 corresponding to the peripheral cutting edge angle 5 of the cutting edge 10. In addition, an outer peripheral inclined surface 24 having an inclination 13 corresponding to the end face cutting edge angle 4 of the cutting edge 10 is provided on the outer peripheral portion 23 of the cast iron plate 20. Moreover, the attachment hole 25 for attaching the cast iron plate 20 to a mounting base is provided.
The two inclined surfaces 22 and 24 of the cast iron plate 20 are preferably curved surfaces which will be described later in the final process. However, when the cutting edge 10 is in a block-shaped processing initial stage, No. 24 may start the cutting edge 10 by approximating the final curved surface linearly without processing the curved surface of the final process, or start processing the cutting edge 10 by processing the curved surface with emphasis on processing efficiency. May be.
A method of creating the shape of the cast iron plate 20 to the target shape by processing the cutting edge 10 by linear approximation will be described later.
In processing the end face 1 and the peripheral surface 2 of the cutting edge, it is assumed that the rake face 3 of the cutting edge 10 to be processed is mirror-finished before being attached to the machine.

図５に鋳鉄板２０による切れ刃１０の端面１の加工の模式図を、また図６に鋳鉄板２０による切れ刃１０の周面２の加工の模式図を示す。
両図とも、左の（ａ）は加工状態の立体図を、右上の（ｂ）は鋳鉄板２０の側面の断面図の半分を、右下の（ｃ）は鋳鉄板２０を下から見た図の一部を示す。
図５及び６の右下（ｃ）における鋳鉄板２０上の太い２本の実線２６、２７は、同図（ｂ）の矢印２８で示す切れ刃１０の往復移動方向の移動経路の例を示している。
なお、本実施の形態においては、切れ刃１０あるいは鋳鉄板２０のいずれを移動させてもよく、要は両者の相対移動があればよい。
鋳鉄板２０は高速回転しており、鋳鉄板２０と切れ刃１０の間にはオリーブ油等で溶いた微粉のダイヤモンド砥粒が塗布されている。
切れ刃１０の加工初期のブロック形状から概略の形状への粗加工では、鋳鉄板２０及び切れ刃１０の加工負荷に合わせて自由な移動経路を取ってよい。 FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the processing of the end surface 1 of the cutting edge 10 by the cast iron plate 20, and FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the processing of the peripheral surface 2 of the cutting blade 10 by the cast iron plate 20.
In both figures, the left (a) is a three-dimensional view of the processed state, the upper right (b) is a half of a side sectional view of the cast iron plate 20, and the lower right (c) is a view of the cast iron plate 20 from below. A part of the figure is shown.
Two thick solid lines 26 and 27 on the cast iron plate 20 in the lower right (c) of FIGS. 5 and 6 show examples of movement paths in the reciprocating direction of the cutting edge 10 indicated by arrows 28 in FIG. 5 (b). ing.
In the present embodiment, either the cutting edge 10 or the cast iron plate 20 may be moved.
The cast iron plate 20 rotates at a high speed, and fine diamond abrasive grains dissolved in olive oil or the like are applied between the cast iron plate 20 and the cutting edge 10.
In rough machining from the initial block shape of the cutting edge 10 to a rough shape, a free movement path may be taken according to the machining load of the cast iron plate 20 and the cutting edge 10.

切れ刃１０は鋳鉄板２０と使用される砥粒の最大砥粒径の１／２程度の間隔を隔てて図の右下に示すαとβの角度だけずらして、鋳鉄板２０の接触幅で切れ刃１０を往復直線移動しつつ、切れ刃１０と鋳鉄板２０の減耗にあわせつつ間隔を調節して加工を行う。 鋳鉄板２０と切れ刃１０の間隔の測定法は加工抵抗で推定する方法や、過去の経験値から推定するなど多くあるが、ここでは間隔の推定の方法は問わない。
前記の角度αとβだけずらしている理由は切れ刃１０に円弧状の逃げ面を設けるためである。
この方式で加工すると端面逃げ角６及び周面逃げ角７は直線ではなく円弧に加工される。しかし、切れ刃１０としての端面切れ刃角４及び周面切れ刃角５の稜線は切れ刃１０で加工する製品の形状に転写されるため高精度の直線性を要求されるのに対し、端面逃げ角６及び周面逃げ角７は切れ刃１０の端面１や周面２と加工物との摩擦を減らすのが目的のため直線としての形状精度は要求されていない。 The cutting edge 10 is shifted by an angle of α and β shown in the lower right of the drawing at an interval of about ½ of the maximum abrasive grain size of the abrasive grains used with the cast iron plate 20, and the contact width of the cast iron plate 20 While the reciprocating linear movement of the cutting edge 10 is performed, the interval is adjusted while the cutting edge 10 and the cast iron plate 20 are worn. There are many methods for measuring the distance between the cast iron plate 20 and the cutting edge 10, such as a method of estimating with a machining resistance or a past experience value, but the method of estimating the distance is not limited here.
The reason why the angles α and β are shifted is to provide the cutting edge 10 with an arc-shaped flank.
When machining is performed in this manner, the end face relief angle 6 and the circumferential face relief angle 7 are machined into an arc instead of a straight line. However, since the edge lines of the end face cutting edge angle 4 and the peripheral surface cutting edge angle 5 as the cutting edge 10 are transferred to the shape of the product processed by the cutting edge 10, high precision linearity is required. The clearance angle 6 and the peripheral clearance angle 7 are intended to reduce the friction between the end surface 1 or the peripheral surface 2 of the cutting edge 10 and the work piece, and therefore the shape accuracy as a straight line is not required.

図７と図８に、鋳鉄板２０による切れ刃１０の端面加工の接触面の模式図を示す。
図７の左上（ａ）は、鋳鉄板２０の断面図と切れ刃１０の関係を示しており、図７の左下（ｂ）は、鋳鉄板２０と切れ刃１０を下から見た図である。工作機械はＸ、Ｙ、Ｚの３軸方向に移動可能である。
切れ刃１０の往復移動方向２８は、切れ刃すくい面３と鋳鉄板２０の最外周との接触点をＡＸとすると、ＡＸから中心Ｏへ向かうＡＸ−Ａ２やＸ−Ｏに平行に移動するＡＸ−Ａ１など自由に設定できる。１例としてＸ−Ｏに平行に鋳鉄板が移動するＡＸ−Ａ１の場合について述べる。αだけずらした時のＸ−ＯとＡＸ−Ａ１の間隔をＬとする。図７の右（ｃ）は鋳鉄板２０の立体モデルと切れ刃すくい面３の接触状態の模式図である。鋳鉄板２０と切れ刃１０はダイヤモンド微粉により、お互いにお互いを加工し合っており、加工量の比は体積比でダイヤモンド１に対して鋳鉄は約７０であるが、今は鋳鉄板２０は摩耗しないと仮定する。鋳鉄板２０の中心軸とＬだけ最小距離が離れ、Ｘ−Ｏと平行な線群で示される平面と鋳鉄板２０の円錐の外周傾斜面２４と交わる曲線を例示する。 7 and 8 are schematic views of the contact surface of the end face processing of the cutting edge 10 by the cast iron plate 20.
The upper left (a) of FIG. 7 shows the cross-sectional view of the cast iron plate 20 and the relationship between the cutting edge 10 and the lower left (b) of FIG. 7 is a view of the cast iron plate 20 and the cutting edge 10 as viewed from below. . The machine tool can move in the X, Y, and Z directions.
The reciprocating direction 28 of the cutting edge 10 is such that the contact point between the cutting edge rake face 3 and the outermost periphery of the cast iron plate 20 is AX, and AX moves parallel to AX-A2 or X-O from AX to the center O. -A1 etc. can be set freely. As an example, the case of AX-A1 in which the cast iron plate moves parallel to X-O will be described. Let L be the interval between X-O and AX-A1 when shifted by α. The right (c) of FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the contact state between the solid model of the cast iron plate 20 and the cutting edge rake face 3. The cast iron plate 20 and the cutting edge 10 are processed with each other by diamond fine powder, and the ratio of the processing amount is about 70 for cast iron with respect to diamond 1 in volume ratio, but now the cast iron plate 20 is worn. Assume that you do not. The curve which cross | intersects the center axis | shaft of the cast-iron board 20, and the outer periphery inclined surface 24 of the cone which the minimum distance leaves | separates by L and parallels with XO, and the cast iron board 20 is shown.

図７の右（ｃ）に鋳鉄板２０の斜面を頂点まで仮想で延長した線を細線で示した。ここで、円錐と円錐の中心軸に平行な平面と交わる点群の軌跡は放物線になることが知られている。 また、鋳鉄板２０がＡＸ−Ａ２上を平行移動すると鋳鉄板２０と切れ刃１０の交差の軌跡は直線になる。同様に鋳鉄板２０がＡＸ−Ａ１からＡＸ−Ａ２までのあいだで接触する場合の交差の軌跡曲線は双曲線になることも知られている。鋳鉄板２０と平面の交差する曲線の外周部をＡＬＯとし内周部をＡＬＩとする。切れ刃１０を往復移動させずに切り込み加工すると鋳鉄板２０が減耗しないと仮定しているため切れ刃端面１の稜線は２次曲面に加工されることになる。
これを防ぐためには鋳鉄板２０を往復移動させて切れ刃１０を直線に加工することになる。ここでは鋳鉄板２０が摩耗しないと仮定しているため、切れ刃１０をＡＬＯとＡＬＩを結ぶ３次元直線上を平行に往復移動させつつ、切れ刃１０が加工されるに合わせて切り込むと切れ刃は直線に加工される。この場合、鋳鉄板２０が減耗しないと仮定しているため加工に作用する鋳鉄板２０は一点のリング状の面しか作用せず、非現実的に切れ刃１０の加工能率が悪くなる。実際には鋳鉄板２０も摩耗するためＡＬＯとＡＬＩ曲線の凸部と切れ刃の凸部から先に共に接触摩耗され、最終的には図８の下（ｂ）に太線ＡＬＯ−ＡＬＩで示すようにＡＬＯとＡＬＩが直線になるように鋳鉄板２０の周面の傾斜が曲面に加工されることが切れ刃１０の加工能率の点で好ましい。 A line obtained by virtually extending the slope of the cast iron plate 20 to the apex is shown as a thin line on the right (c) of FIG. Here, it is known that the locus of a point cloud that intersects a cone and a plane parallel to the central axis of the cone is a parabola. When the cast iron plate 20 moves in parallel on AX-A2, the trajectory of the intersection of the cast iron plate 20 and the cutting edge 10 becomes a straight line. Similarly, it is also known that the trajectory curve of the intersection when the cast iron plate 20 contacts between AX-A1 and AX-A2 is a hyperbola. The outer peripheral portion of the curve intersecting the cast iron plate 20 and the plane is ALO, and the inner peripheral portion is ALI. Since it is assumed that the cast iron plate 20 is not worn when the cutting edge 10 is cut without reciprocating, the ridgeline of the cutting edge 1 is processed into a secondary curved surface.
In order to prevent this, the cast iron plate 20 is reciprocated to process the cutting edge 10 into a straight line. Here, since it is assumed that the cast iron plate 20 is not worn, when the cutting edge 10 is reciprocated in parallel on a three-dimensional straight line connecting ALO and ALI, the cutting edge 10 is cut as it is processed. Is processed into a straight line. In this case, since it is assumed that the cast iron plate 20 does not wear out, the cast iron plate 20 acting on the machining acts only on one ring-shaped surface, and the machining efficiency of the cutting edge 10 is unrealistically deteriorated. Actually, the cast iron plate 20 also wears, so that both the ALO and ALI curve convex portions and the cutting edge convex portions are contacted and worn first, and finally, as indicated by the thick line ALO-ALI in the lower part (b) of FIG. In view of the machining efficiency of the cutting edge 10, it is preferable that the slope of the peripheral surface of the cast iron plate 20 is processed into a curved surface so that ALO and ALI are linear.

ここで、切れ刃１０を前記のＡＬＯとＡＬＩを結ぶ直線上を平行に往復移動させる場合の理想図を図８にモデル化した。図８（ａ）の切れ刃１０の点線は、切れ刃１０の加工前の形状を模示しており、実線は粗加工終了時の端面逃げ角６を示している。図８の（ａ）における厚みｂは粗加工終了時の切れ刃１０と鋳鉄板２０の接触幅である。図８の（ａ）は、鋳鉄板を下から見た図で、Ｌは粗加工の初期の場合の切れ刃１０と鋳鉄板２０の最外周端との接点ＡＸと前述のＸ−Ｏとの距離を示す。ＡＸ−Ａ１やＡＸ−Ａ２は鋳鉄板２０の移動経路の例である。図８の（ｂ）は切れ刃１０と鋳鉄板２０の接触面の模式図である。
図中のｂ０は前記のＬをＬ０に移動した場合の切れ刃１０と鋳鉄板２０の接触幅のモデルである。ＬからＬ０へと少し減少しただけで切れ刃１０の接触加工部の厚みの幅は非常に狭くなる事が判る。 Here, an ideal view when the cutting edge 10 is reciprocated in parallel on the straight line connecting the ALO and ALI is modeled in FIG. The dotted line of the cutting edge 10 in FIG. 8A illustrates the shape of the cutting edge 10 before processing, and the solid line indicates the end face clearance angle 6 at the end of rough processing. The thickness b in FIG. 8A is the contact width between the cutting edge 10 and the cast iron plate 20 at the end of roughing. (A) of FIG. 8 is the figure which looked at the cast iron plate from the bottom, and L is the contact AX between the cutting edge 10 and the outermost peripheral end of the cast iron plate 20 in the initial stage of rough machining and the above-mentioned X-O. Indicates distance. AX-A1 and AX-A2 are examples of movement paths of the cast iron plate 20. FIG. 8B is a schematic view of the contact surface between the cutting edge 10 and the cast iron plate 20.
B0 in the figure is a model of the contact width between the cutting edge 10 and the cast iron plate 20 when L is moved to L0. It can be seen that the width of the thickness of the contact processed portion of the cutting edge 10 becomes very narrow even if it is slightly reduced from L to L0.

加工中の鋳鉄板２０と切れ刃１０の接触面は切れ刃１０に厚みがあるため鋳鉄板２０の位置により常に変化している。そのため、ＡＬＯ−ＡＬＩを結ぶ線もどのような形状になるか推定できない。しかし、切れ刃１０の加工が粗加工から仕上げ加工に移る段階で徐々にＬの値、またはαの値を小さくすることによりＡＬＯ−ＡＬＩを結ぶ線も徐々に直線に近づく。ＡＬＯ−ＡＬＩを結ぶ線の直線性は、切れ刃１０の加工厚みｂ０が小さいほど良好になる。切れ刃１０の加工は微粒から極微粒へと数工程かけて鋳鉄板２０に付着した前工程の砥粒を超音波洗浄等で除去しつつ加工される。極微粒になると加工量は極度に少なくなり、切れ刃１０による鋳鉄板２０の形状修正能力も小さくなる。加工工程で適宜Ｌ０やαを小さくし、切れ刃１０の加工幅を小さくしてＡＬＯ−ＡＬＩを結ぶ線の直線精度を向上させ、切れ刃１０の端面切れ刃角４の加工能率の向上と直線性の向上を図る。 The contact surface between the cast iron plate 20 and the cutting edge 10 being processed always changes depending on the position of the cast iron plate 20 because the cutting edge 10 has a thickness. For this reason, it is impossible to estimate the shape of the line connecting ALO-ALI. However, the line connecting ALO-ALI gradually approaches a straight line by gradually decreasing the value of L or the value of α at the stage where the cutting edge 10 moves from roughing to finishing. The linearity of the line connecting ALO-ALI becomes better as the processing thickness b0 of the cutting edge 10 is smaller. The cutting edge 10 is processed while removing the previous-stage abrasive grains adhering to the cast iron plate 20 from a fine grain to an extremely fine grain by ultrasonic cleaning or the like over several steps. When it becomes extremely fine, the amount of processing is extremely reduced, and the shape correcting ability of the cast iron plate 20 by the cutting edge 10 is also reduced. In the machining process, L0 and α are appropriately reduced, the machining width of the cutting edge 10 is reduced, the straight line accuracy of the line connecting ALO-ALI is improved, the machining efficiency of the end face cutting edge angle 4 of the cutting edge 10 is improved and the straight line is straightened. To improve performance.

上記は鋳鉄板による加工法の１例を示しており、他にも鋳鉄板を用いた加工法がある。 例えば、ＡＬＯ−ＡＬＩを直線に加工するためにＡＬＯ−ＡＬＩの高い位置と低い位置を測定し、高い位置で鋳鉄板の送りを遅くし、低い位置で送りを早くして接触面の滞留時間を制御することも考えられる。本発明は、この方法を排除するものではない。
切れ刃１０の周面２の加工法も端面１の加工法と同様にするので加工法の記述を割愛した。 The above shows one example of a processing method using a cast iron plate, and there is another processing method using a cast iron plate. For example, to process ALO-ALI into a straight line, measure the high and low positions of ALO-ALI, slow the feed of the cast iron plate at the high position, and speed up the feed at the low position to reduce the contact surface dwell time. Control is also conceivable. The present invention does not exclude this method.
Since the processing method of the peripheral surface 2 of the cutting edge 10 is the same as the processing method of the end surface 1, the description of the processing method is omitted.

単結晶ダイヤモンド切れ刃の形状と切れ刃の名称を示したものであって、（ａ）は平面図、（ｂ）は正面図、（ｃ）は側面図である。The shape of the single-crystal diamond cutting edge and the name of the cutting edge are shown, wherein (a) is a plan view, (b) is a front view, and (c) is a side view. 従来法による切れ刃の端面の加工を説明する模式図である。It is a schematic diagram explaining the process of the end surface of the cutting blade by a conventional method. 従来法による切れ刃の周面の加工を説明する模式図である。It is a schematic diagram explaining the process of the surrounding surface of the cutting blade by a conventional method. 本発明の実施の形態に係る２面傾斜鋳鉄板の概略図を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the schematic of the 2 surface inclination cast iron plate which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態に係る２面傾斜鋳鉄板による切れ刃の端面の加工の模式図を示すものである。The schematic diagram of the process of the end surface of the cutting edge by the 2 face inclined cast iron plate which concerns on embodiment of this invention is shown. 本発明の実施の形態に係る２面傾斜鋳鉄板による切れ刃の周面の加工の模式図を示すものである。The schematic diagram of the process of the peripheral surface of the cutting edge by the 2 face inclined cast iron plate which concerns on embodiment of this invention is shown. 本発明の実施の形態に係る２面傾斜鋳鉄板による切れ刃の端面加工の接触面の模式図１を示すものである。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram 1 of a contact surface of end face processing of a cutting edge by a two-surface inclined cast iron plate according to an embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の実施の形態に係る２面傾斜鋳鉄板による切れ刃の端面加工の接触面の模式図２を示すものである。The schematic diagram 2 of the contact surface of the end surface process of the cutting edge by the 2 surface inclined cast iron plate which concerns on embodiment of this invention is shown.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 端面
２ 周面
３ すくい面
４ 端面切れ刃角
５ 周面切れ刃角
６ 端面逃げ角
７ 周面逃げ角
８ 上すくい角
９ 横すくい角
１０ 切れ刃
１１、１２ 鋳鉄板
１３ 端面切れ刃角４に対応する傾き
１４ 周面切れ刃角５に対応する傾き
２０ ２面傾斜鋳鉄板
２１ 下方端面
２２ 端面傾斜面
２３ 外周部
２４ 外周傾斜面
２５ 取付穴
２６、２７ 単結晶ダイヤモンド切れ刃の往復移動経路の例
２８ 単結晶ダイヤモンド切れ刃の往復移動方向



DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 End surface 2 Circumferential surface 3 Rake face 4 End face cutting edge angle 5 Peripheral face cutting edge angle 6 End face relief angle 7 Perimeter face relief angle 8 Upper rake angle 9 Lateral rake angle 10 Cutting edge 11, 12 Cast iron plate 13 End face cutting edge angle 4 14 Inclination corresponding to peripheral surface cutting edge angle 5 Two-sided inclined cast iron plate 21 Lower end surface 22 End surface inclined surface 23 Outer peripheral portion 24 Outer peripheral inclined surface 25 Mounting hole 26, 27 Reciprocating path of single crystal diamond cutting edge Example 28 Reciprocating direction of single crystal diamond cutting edge



Claims (2)

単結晶ダイヤモンド切れ刃の端面及び周面を、円板状をした鋳鉄板にオリーブ油等で溶いた微粒ダイヤモンドを塗布し該鋳鉄板の回転により加工する装置において、１枚の鋳鉄板に前記切れ刃の端面切れ刃角及び周面切れ刃角に相当する円錐状の傾斜面を設け、単結晶ダイヤモンド切れ刃を鋳鉄板のｘ軸からｙ方向にずれた位置において前記傾斜面に相対するように位置させてなることを特徴とする単結晶ダイヤモンド切れ刃の２面加工装置。   In an apparatus in which fine diamond melted with olive oil or the like is applied to a disc-shaped cast iron plate and the end surface and peripheral surface of the single crystal diamond cutting blade are processed by rotating the cast iron plate, the cutting blade is formed on one cast iron plate. A conical inclined surface corresponding to the end surface cutting edge angle and the peripheral surface cutting edge angle is provided, and the single crystal diamond cutting edge is positioned so as to face the inclined surface at a position shifted from the x axis of the cast iron plate in the y direction. A two-sided machining apparatus for a single crystal diamond cutting blade, characterized by comprising: 単結晶ダイヤモンド切れ刃の端面及び周面を、円板状をした鋳鉄板にオリーブ油等で溶いた微粒ダイヤモンドを塗布し該鋳鉄板の回転により加工する方法において、前記切れ刃の端面切れ刃角及び周面切れ刃角に相当する円錐状の傾斜面を設けた１枚の鋳鉄板に対して鋳鉄板のｘ軸からｙ方向にずれた位置の傾斜面の線ＡＬＯ−ＡＬＩに相対して単結晶ダイヤモンド切れ刃を位置させ、前記線ＡＬＯ−ＡＬＩに沿って３次元的に単結晶ダイヤモンド切れ刃及び鋳鉄板を相対移動させつつ切り込み加工することを特徴とする単結晶ダイヤモンド切れ刃の２面加工方法。   In the method of applying the fine diamond melted with olive oil or the like to the disc-shaped cast iron plate and processing the end surface and peripheral surface of the single crystal diamond cutting blade by rotating the cast iron plate, the end surface cutting edge angle of the cutting blade and Single crystal relative to the line ALO-ALI of the inclined surface at a position shifted in the y direction from the x axis of the cast iron plate with respect to one cast iron plate provided with a conical inclined surface corresponding to the peripheral cutting edge angle A two-side machining method for a single crystal diamond cutting edge, characterized by positioning a diamond cutting edge and performing a cutting process while relatively moving the single crystal diamond cutting edge and a cast iron plate three-dimensionally along the line ALO-ALI. .
JP2005182596A 2005-06-22 2005-06-22 Single-crystal diamond cutting edge two-face machining apparatus and machining method Expired - Fee Related JP4649592B2 (en)

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