WO2020203557A1 - Cutting insert and machining method - Google Patents
Cutting insert and machining method Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020203557A1 WO2020203557A1 PCT/JP2020/013348 JP2020013348W WO2020203557A1 WO 2020203557 A1 WO2020203557 A1 WO 2020203557A1 JP 2020013348 W JP2020013348 W JP 2020013348W WO 2020203557 A1 WO2020203557 A1 WO 2020203557A1
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- cutting
- radius
- curvature
- cutting insert
- plate thickness
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B1/00—Methods for turning or working essentially requiring the use of turning-machines; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cutting insert and a machining method.
- the present application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-068380 filed in Japan on March 29, 2019, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- Non-Patent Document 1 proposes a method of adjusting the cutting edge position of a tool after turning and performing burnishing with a flank.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a cutting insert and a processing method capable of performing cutting processing and burnishing processing and improving surface roughness after processing.
- the cutting insert according to one embodiment of the present invention is a polygonal plate-shaped cutting insert used for turning, and is provided with a rake surface provided on at least one of a pair of polygonal surfaces and the rake surface. It has a cutting edge provided on the outer edge of the polygonal surface and a flank extending from the cutting edge in the plate thickness direction, and the cutting edge has a corner blade located at a corner portion of the polygonal surface.
- the flank includes a curved portion extending from the corner blade along the plate thickness direction, and the curved portion has a sliding contact region for burnishing by being pressed against the cutting surface of the work material.
- the radius of curvature of the sliding contact region is larger than the radius of curvature of the corner blade.
- the cutting insert can burnish the cut surface in the sliding contact region after the cutting process is performed.
- the radius of curvature of the sliding contact region is larger than the radius of curvature of the corner blade.
- the "radius of curvature of the corner blade” in the present specification is the radius of curvature of the corner blade in a virtual plane orthogonal to the plate thickness direction of the cutting insert, and means the so-called cutting edge R (or nose R). To do.
- the “radius of curvature of the sliding contact region” in the present specification is the radius of curvature of the sliding contact region in the cross section orthogonal to the plate thickness direction. Therefore, the radius of curvature of the sliding contact region may change depending on the position in the plate thickness direction. When the radius of curvature of the sliding contact region changes depending on the position in the plate thickness direction, the radius of curvature of the sliding contact region is larger than the radius of curvature of the corner blade at any position in the plate thickness direction.
- the curved portion may have a configuration in which the radius of curvature continuously increases as the distance from the corner blade in the plate thickness direction increases.
- a single-sided cutting insert in which a cutting edge is provided only on the outer edge of one polygonal surface, and the curved portion is separated from the corner blade in the plate thickness direction in the total length in the plate thickness direction.
- the radius of curvature may be continuously increased accordingly.
- the radius of curvature of the curved portion continuously changes in the total length in the plate thickness direction. Therefore, the rigidity of the cutting insert can be further increased.
- the machining method of one embodiment of the present invention is a machining method using the above-mentioned cutting insert, in which the cutting edge is brought into contact with a work material rotating around a rotation axis to perform cutting to form a cutting surface. It has a step and a burnishing step of pressing the sliding contact region against the cutting surface to perform burnishing.
- cutting and burnishing can be continuously performed using the above cutting insert. That is, it is not necessary to change the tool attached to the jig of the machine tool from the tool for cutting to the tool for burnishing, and the manufacturing process can be shortened.
- FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the cutting edge replaceable cutting tool of one embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the cutting insert of one embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a cutting process using the cutting edge replaceable cutting tool of one embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a burnishing process using the cutting edge replaceable cutting tool of one embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a cutting edge exchangeable cutting tool 30 having the cutting insert 1 of the present embodiment.
- the cutting edge replaceable cutting tool 30 is a cutting tool that turns a work material of a metal material that is rotated around a spindle.
- the cutting edge replaceable cutting tool 30 has a cutting insert 1, a tool body 31 to which the cutting insert 1 is detachably mounted, a clamp mechanism (not shown) for attaching the cutting insert 1 to the tool body, and a seat member 35. ..
- the tool body 31 is a rod body extending in a shaft shape.
- the direction toward the machined surface of the work material W is referred to as the tool tip side
- the opposite side is referred to as the tool base end side.
- each part will be described with the direction in which the rake face 7 of the cutting insert 1 faces is the upper side.
- the vertical direction in the present specification is merely a direction used for explanation, and does not limit the posture when the cutting edge replaceable cutting tool 30 is used.
- the tool body 31 is made of steel or the like.
- the tool body 31 is detachably held by a jig (cutlery base) of a machine tool (not shown) at a base end portion 31b located on the tool base end side. Further, the jig that holds the tool body 31 is fixed to a machine tool (lathe) such as a lathe (not shown).
- lathe machine tool
- the tip 31a of the tool body 31 is provided with an insert mounting seat 32 on which the cutting insert 1 is mounted. Further, the tip portion 31a of the tool body 31 may be provided with a coolant supply hole for supplying coolant to the cutting edge 5 of the cutting insert 1 mounted on the insert mounting seat 32.
- the insert mounting seat 32 has a concave shape formed so as to be cut out corresponding to the shape of the cutting insert 1.
- the cutting insert 1 arranged on the concave insert mounting seat 32 is fixed to the tool body 31 by a clamp mechanism (not shown).
- the insert mounting seat 32 has a triangular hole shape that opens toward the tool tip side and upward, while the cutting insert 1 is formed in a triangular plate shape.
- the sheet member 35 is formed of, for example, cemented carbide.
- the sheet member 35 has a triangular plate shape corresponding to the cutting insert 1 being formed in a triangular plate shape.
- the back surface abuts on the bottom surface 32a of the insert mounting seat 32.
- the front surface is a mounting surface on which the cutting insert 1 is seated.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the cutting insert 1.
- the cutting insert 1 has a polygonal plate shape in a plan view (triangular plate shape in this embodiment) that is rotationally symmetric with respect to the center line J.
- the direction along the center line J may be simply referred to as the plate thickness direction.
- the cutting insert 1 has a pair of polygonal surfaces 10 facing in the plate thickness direction and a side surface 11 connecting the pair of polygonal surfaces 10 to each other.
- the cutting insert 1 is provided with a circular mounting hole 15 in a plan view that penetrates in the plate thickness direction and opens in each of the pair of polygonal surfaces 10.
- the cutting insert 1 is fixed to the tool body 31 by a clamp mechanism (not shown) in the mounting hole 15 with one polygonal surface 10 facing the bottom surface 32a of the insert mounting seat 32.
- the seat member 35 is sandwiched between the cutting insert 1 and the bottom surface 32a of the insert mounting seat 32.
- the cutting insert 1 is a cutting edge provided on a rake surface 7 provided on one of a pair of polygonal surfaces 10, a flank surface 8 provided on the side surface 11, and a tolerance ridge line between the rake face 7 and the flank surface 8. 5 and.
- the cutting insert 1 of the present embodiment is a single-sided cutting insert in which the cutting edge 5 is provided only on the outer edge of one polygonal surface 10.
- the cutting insert 1 is made of a hard material such as cemented carbide. Of the outer surface of the cutting insert 1, at least the vicinity of the cutting edge 5 (cutting edge 5, rake surface 7 and flank surface 8) is covered with a hard film. The cutting insert 1 is fixed to the tool body 31 with a part of the cutting edge 5 protruding from the tip 31a of the tool body 31. The cutting edge 5 cuts a surface of the work material W that faces the radial direction of the rotation axis O or an end face that faces the axial direction.
- the cutting edge 5 is provided on the outer edge of the polygonal surface 10 provided with the rake surface 7.
- the cutting edge 5 of the present embodiment is provided over the entire length of the outer edge of the polygonal surface 10.
- the cutting edge 5 may be provided at least at the corner portion of the outer edge of the polygonal surface 10.
- the cutting blade 5 has a corner blade 5a located at a corner portion of the polygonal surface 10 and a pair of straight blades 5b connected to both ends of the corner blade 5a and extending linearly.
- the cutting blade 5 of the present embodiment has three corner blades 5a and three straight blades 5b that connect the pair of corner blades 5a to each other.
- the rake face 7 is provided in a region near the cutting edge 5 in the entire area of one polygonal face 10.
- the rake face 7 extends in a band shape along the edge in the vicinity of the edge of the polygonal face 10. Further, the rake face 7 is a region where chips discharged when cutting is performed by the cutting edge 5 come into contact (scratch).
- the rake face 7 of the present embodiment is a flat surface orthogonal to the center line J. However, the rake face 7 may be a surface that inclines downward as it approaches the center line J side from the cutting edge 5.
- the rake face 7 may be part of the breaker groove.
- the flank 8 extends downward from the cutting edge 5 along the plate thickness direction.
- the flank 8 is arranged to face the work material W when the work material W is cut by the cutting edge 5.
- the flank 8 has a curved portion 8a extending from the corner blade 5a along the plate thickness direction and a flat portion 8b extending from the straight blade 5b along the plate thickness direction.
- the curved portion 8a is a convex curved surface that is convex in the radial direction of the center line J.
- the flat portion 8b is a flat surface parallel to the center line J.
- the curved portion 8a is provided on the entire length of the side surface 11 in the plate thickness direction.
- the radius of curvature R of the curved portion 8a continuously increases as it is separated from the corner blade 5a in the plate thickness direction in the total length in the plate thickness direction. That is, the curved portion 8a is a conical surface that tapers toward the corner blade 5a side.
- the radius of curvature of the upper end of the curved portion 8a coincides with the radius of curvature r of the corner blade 5a.
- the flat portion 8b of the flank surface 8 of the present embodiment is a plane parallel to the center line J. Therefore, the tip of the curved portion 8a inclines toward the center line J as the distance from the cutting edge 5 increases.
- the radius of curvature R of the curved portion 8a means the radius of curvature of the curved portion 8a in a cross section orthogonal to the plate thickness direction.
- the curved portion 8a is provided with a sliding contact region 2.
- the sliding contact region 2 is a region that is a part of the curved portion 8a and is separated downward from the cutting edge 5 in the plate thickness direction. As will be described later, the sliding contact region 2 is burnished by being pressed against the cutting surface Wa of the work material W.
- the surface of the sliding contact region 2 is coated with a coating suitable for burnishing. This film is formed by means such as a CVD coating film. Although not particularly limited, it is preferable that the upper end of the sliding contact region 2 is separated from the cutting edge 5 on the lower side in the plate thickness direction by 1/6 or more of the plate thickness.
- the upper end of the sliding contact region 2 is separated from the cutting edge 5 on the lower side in the plate thickness direction by 1/6 or more of the plate thickness, and the lower end thereof is separated from the cutting blade 5 on the lower side in the plate thickness direction by 1/6 or more. It is more preferable that the distance is 5/6 or more. Further, the upper end of the sliding contact region 2 is separated from the cutting edge 5 on the lower side in the plate thickness direction by 1/4 or more of the plate thickness, and the lower end thereof is separated from the cutting blade 5 on the lower side in the plate thickness direction. It is even more preferable that the distance is 3/4 or more.
- the radius of curvature R of the curved portion 8a increases as the distance from the corner blade 5a in the plate thickness direction increases. Further, the radius of curvature of the upper end of the curved portion 8a coincides with the radius of curvature r of the corner blade 5a. Therefore, the radius of curvature R of the sliding contact region 2 is larger than the radius of curvature r of the corner blade 5a. In the present embodiment, the radius of curvature R of the sliding contact region 2 changes depending on the position in the plate thickness direction. In the present embodiment, the radius of curvature R of the sliding contact region 2 is larger than the radius of curvature r of the corner blade 5a at any position in the plate thickness direction.
- cutting processing and burnishing processing are sequentially performed on the outer peripheral surface of the columnar work material W. Both the cutting step and the burnishing step of the present embodiment are performed using a lathe. The cutting step and the burnishing step of the present embodiment are performed while rotating the work material W around the rotation axis O.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a cutting process using the cutting edge replaceable cutting tool 30.
- the outer peripheral surface of the work material W facing the radial outer side of the rotation axis O is cut.
- the operator first attaches the cutting edge replaceable cutting tool 30 to the tool post (jig) of the lathe with the rake face 7 of the cutting insert 1 facing the rotation direction of the work material W. Further, the operator operates the tool post to move the cutting edge replaceable cutting tool 30, and brings the corner blade 5a of the cutting blade 5 into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the work material W rotating around the rotation axis O. Further, the operator moves the cutting edge 5 in the axial direction of the rotating axis O without changing the position and posture of the cutting edge 5 in the radial direction of the rotating axis O. As a result, the cutting edge 5 cuts the outer peripheral surface of the work material W to form the cutting surface Wa.
- the operator moves the cutting edge exchangeable cutting tool 30 to the outside in the radial direction of the rotary axis O after the cutting surface Wa having a sufficient length in the axial direction of the rotary axis O is formed. As a result, the cutting edge 5 is separated from the work material W, and the cutting process is completed.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a burnishing process using the cutting edge replaceable cutting tool 30.
- the burnishing step is performed immediately after the cutting step. More specifically, the burnishing step can be continuously performed after the cutting step without stopping the rotation of the work material W.
- the operator first moves the cutting edge exchangeable cutting tool 30 so that the sliding contact region 2 provided on the curved portion 8a of the flank 8 faces the cutting surface Wa in the radial direction of the rotation axis O. Further, the operator moves the blade edge exchangeable cutting tool 30 inward in the radial direction of the rotation axis O and presses the sliding contact region 2 against the cutting surface Wa to perform the burnishing process.
- the sliding contact region 2 is pressed against the cutting surface Wa, so that the unevenness formed on the cutting surface Wa is plastically deformed.
- the surface roughness of the machined surface of the work material W after the burnishing process can be improved.
- compressive residual stress can be applied to the surface of the work material W to increase the hardness of the machined surface of the work material W after the burnishing process.
- the cutting surface Wa can be burnished in the sliding contact region 2. Therefore, in the machining procedure, it is not necessary to replace the tool that performs the cutting process with the tool that performs the burnishing process, and the tact time during manufacturing can be shortened to reduce the manufacturing cost.
- the radius of curvature R of the sliding contact region 2 is larger than the radius of curvature r of the corner blade 5a.
- the radius of curvature R of the sliding contact region 2 can be increased independently of the radius of curvature R of the corner blade 5a, and the surface roughness of the machined surface after burnishing can be improved. ..
- the surface roughness can be improved by lowering the feed rate.
- by increasing the radius of curvature R of the sliding contact region 2 it is possible to achieve a desired surface roughness even if the feed rate is increased, and the tact time of the burnishing process can be shortened. it can.
- the radius of curvature of the curved portion 8a continuously changes along the plate thickness direction. Therefore, as compared with the case where a step is provided at the boundary portion of the sliding contact region 2, the rigidity of the cutting insert 1 can be increased and damage to the cutting insert 1 due to stress applied during machining can be suppressed.
- the radius of curvature of the curved portion 8a continuously changes along the plate thickness direction in the total length of the side surface 11 in the plate thickness direction. Therefore, the rigidity of the cutting insert 1 can be further increased.
- the cutting insert 1 is formed in a triangular plate shape, but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the cutting insert 1 of the present invention may have another shape such as a rectangular plate as long as it has a polygonal plate shape.
- the cutting insert 1 of the above-described embodiment is a single-sided type in which the cutting edge 5 is provided only on the outer edge of one polygonal surface 10, the rake face 7 is provided on only one of the pair of polygonal surfaces 10. It is provided. However, if the cutting insert is a double-sided type with cutting edges on the outer edges of both polygonal faces, the rake faces are provided on both of the pair of polygonal faces 10. That is, the rake face 7 is provided on at least one of the pair of polygonal faces 10.
- the cutting insert 1 of the above-described embodiment is a negative insert formed so that the side surface 11 including the flank 8 is parallel to the center line J, but the cutting insert 1 is not limited thereto. That is, the cutting insert 1 may be a positive insert in which the flank 8 is inclined so as to approach the center line J as it is separated from the cutting edge 5 in the plate thickness direction.
- Cutting insert 2 Sliding contact area 5 Cutting blade 5a Corner blade 7 Scooping surface 8 Escape surface 8a Curved part 10 Polygonal surface O Rotation axis r, R Radius of curvature W Work material Wa Cutting surface
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Turning (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Abstract
A cutting insert (1) has a polygonal plate shape and is used for lathe-turning machining. The cutting insert (1) has a rake surface (7) provided on at least one of a pair of polygonal surfaces (10), a cutting blade (5) provided on the outer edge of the polygonal surface (10) provided with the rake surface (7), and a flank surface (8) extending along the plate thickness direction from the cutting blade (5). The cutting blade (5) includes a corner blade (5a) located at a corner part of the polygonal surface (10). The flank surface (8) has a curved part (8a) extending along the plate thickness direction from the corner blade (5a). The curved part (8a) is provided with a slide contact region (2) that performs burnishing by being pressed against a cut surface (Wa) of a workpiece (W). The radius of curvature (r, R) of the slide contact region (2) is larger than the radius of curvature (r, R) of the corner blade (5a).
Description
本発明は、切削インサートおよび加工方法に関するものである。
本願は、2019年3月29日に、日本に出願された特願2019-068380号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。 The present invention relates to a cutting insert and a machining method.
The present application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-068380 filed in Japan on March 29, 2019, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
本願は、2019年3月29日に、日本に出願された特願2019-068380号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。 The present invention relates to a cutting insert and a machining method.
The present application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-068380 filed in Japan on March 29, 2019, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
近年、機械部品の高性能化を実現するために様々な機械的性質の向上が求められている。このような要求に対し、加工面の金属表面をローラで押しならして(押し均して)表面粗さの改善や圧縮残留応力の付与を行うローラバニシング加工が提案されている。非特許文献1には、旋削後の工具の刃先位置を調整し逃げ面によりバニシング加工を行う方法が提案されている。
In recent years, various improvements in mechanical properties have been required in order to achieve higher performance of mechanical parts. In response to such demands, a roller burnishing process has been proposed in which the metal surface of the machined surface is pressed (equalized) with a roller to improve the surface roughness and apply compressive residual stress. Non-Patent Document 1 proposes a method of adjusting the cutting edge position of a tool after turning and performing burnishing with a flank.
非特許文献1に記載の切削インサートでは、バニシング加工を行う面の曲率半径が刃先の曲率半径と一致する。このため、バニシング加工後の加工面の面粗さが不十分であるという問題があった。
In the cutting insert described in Non-Patent Document 1, the radius of curvature of the surface to be burnished coincides with the radius of curvature of the cutting edge. Therefore, there is a problem that the surface roughness of the processed surface after the burnishing process is insufficient.
本発明は、このような事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、切削加工およびバニシング加工を行うことができ、加工後の面粗さを向上できる切削インサートおよび加工方法の提供を目的としている。
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a cutting insert and a processing method capable of performing cutting processing and burnishing processing and improving surface roughness after processing.
本発明の一実施態様の切削インサートは、旋削加工に用いられる多角形板状の切削インサートであって、一対の多角形面のうち少なくとも一方に設けられるすくい面と、前記すくい面が設けられた前記多角形面の外縁に設けられる切刃と、前記切刃から板厚方向に沿って延びる逃げ面と、を有し、前記切刃は、前記多角形面のコーナ部に位置するコーナ刃を含み、前記逃げ面は、前記コーナ刃から板厚方向に沿って延びる湾曲部を有し、前記湾曲部には、被削材の切削面に押し当てられることでバニシング加工を行う摺接領域が設けられ、前記摺接領域の曲率半径は、前記コーナ刃の曲率半径より大きい。
The cutting insert according to one embodiment of the present invention is a polygonal plate-shaped cutting insert used for turning, and is provided with a rake surface provided on at least one of a pair of polygonal surfaces and the rake surface. It has a cutting edge provided on the outer edge of the polygonal surface and a flank extending from the cutting edge in the plate thickness direction, and the cutting edge has a corner blade located at a corner portion of the polygonal surface. The flank includes a curved portion extending from the corner blade along the plate thickness direction, and the curved portion has a sliding contact region for burnishing by being pressed against the cutting surface of the work material. The radius of curvature of the sliding contact region is larger than the radius of curvature of the corner blade.
上述の構成によれば、切削インサートは、切削加工を行った後に摺接領域において切削面をバニシング加工することができる。また、上述の構成によれば、摺接領域の曲率半径が、コーナ刃の曲率半径より大きい。摺接領域の曲率半径を大きくすることで、バニシング加工後の加工面の面粗さを向上させることができる。したがって、本実施形態によれば、コーナ刃の曲率半径に依存せずに摺接領域の曲率半径を大きくすることができ、バニシング加工後の加工面の面粗さを向上させることができる。一般的に、バニシング加工を行う場合、送り速度を低くすることで面粗さを向上できることが知られている。上述の構成によれば、摺接領域の曲率半径を大きくすることで、送り速度を高くしても所望の面粗さを実現することが可能となりバニシング加工のタクトタイムを短くすることができる。 なお、本明細書における「コーナ刃の曲率半径」とは、切削インサートの板厚方向と直交する仮想的な面内でのコーナ刃の曲率半径であり、いわゆる刃先R(又はノーズR)を意味する。
同様に、本明細書における「摺接領域の曲率半径」とは、板厚方向と直交する断面における摺接領域の曲率半径である。したがって、摺接領域の曲率半径は、板厚方向の位置によって変化してもよい。なお、摺接領域の曲率半径が、板厚方向の位置によって変化する場合、板厚方向の如何なる位置においても、摺接領域の曲率半径がコーナ刃の曲率半径より大きい。 According to the above configuration, the cutting insert can burnish the cut surface in the sliding contact region after the cutting process is performed. Further, according to the above configuration, the radius of curvature of the sliding contact region is larger than the radius of curvature of the corner blade. By increasing the radius of curvature of the sliding contact region, the surface roughness of the machined surface after the burnishing process can be improved. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the radius of curvature of the sliding contact region can be increased independently of the radius of curvature of the corner blade, and the surface roughness of the machined surface after the burnishing process can be improved. Generally, it is known that when the burnishing process is performed, the surface roughness can be improved by lowering the feed rate. According to the above configuration, by increasing the radius of curvature of the sliding contact region, it is possible to achieve a desired surface roughness even if the feed rate is increased, and the tact time of the burnishing process can be shortened. The "radius of curvature of the corner blade" in the present specification is the radius of curvature of the corner blade in a virtual plane orthogonal to the plate thickness direction of the cutting insert, and means the so-called cutting edge R (or nose R). To do.
Similarly, the “radius of curvature of the sliding contact region” in the present specification is the radius of curvature of the sliding contact region in the cross section orthogonal to the plate thickness direction. Therefore, the radius of curvature of the sliding contact region may change depending on the position in the plate thickness direction. When the radius of curvature of the sliding contact region changes depending on the position in the plate thickness direction, the radius of curvature of the sliding contact region is larger than the radius of curvature of the corner blade at any position in the plate thickness direction.
同様に、本明細書における「摺接領域の曲率半径」とは、板厚方向と直交する断面における摺接領域の曲率半径である。したがって、摺接領域の曲率半径は、板厚方向の位置によって変化してもよい。なお、摺接領域の曲率半径が、板厚方向の位置によって変化する場合、板厚方向の如何なる位置においても、摺接領域の曲率半径がコーナ刃の曲率半径より大きい。 According to the above configuration, the cutting insert can burnish the cut surface in the sliding contact region after the cutting process is performed. Further, according to the above configuration, the radius of curvature of the sliding contact region is larger than the radius of curvature of the corner blade. By increasing the radius of curvature of the sliding contact region, the surface roughness of the machined surface after the burnishing process can be improved. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the radius of curvature of the sliding contact region can be increased independently of the radius of curvature of the corner blade, and the surface roughness of the machined surface after the burnishing process can be improved. Generally, it is known that when the burnishing process is performed, the surface roughness can be improved by lowering the feed rate. According to the above configuration, by increasing the radius of curvature of the sliding contact region, it is possible to achieve a desired surface roughness even if the feed rate is increased, and the tact time of the burnishing process can be shortened. The "radius of curvature of the corner blade" in the present specification is the radius of curvature of the corner blade in a virtual plane orthogonal to the plate thickness direction of the cutting insert, and means the so-called cutting edge R (or nose R). To do.
Similarly, the “radius of curvature of the sliding contact region” in the present specification is the radius of curvature of the sliding contact region in the cross section orthogonal to the plate thickness direction. Therefore, the radius of curvature of the sliding contact region may change depending on the position in the plate thickness direction. When the radius of curvature of the sliding contact region changes depending on the position in the plate thickness direction, the radius of curvature of the sliding contact region is larger than the radius of curvature of the corner blade at any position in the plate thickness direction.
上述の切削インサートにおいて、前記湾曲部は、前記コーナ刃から板厚方向に離間するに従い連続的に曲率半径が大きくなる構成としてもよい。
In the above-mentioned cutting insert, the curved portion may have a configuration in which the radius of curvature continuously increases as the distance from the corner blade in the plate thickness direction increases.
上述の構成によれば、摺接領域の境界部に段差が設けられる場合と比較して、切削インサートの剛性を高めて加工時に加わる応力に起因する切削インサートの損傷を抑制できる。
According to the above configuration, it is possible to increase the rigidity of the cutting insert and suppress damage to the cutting insert due to stress applied during machining, as compared with the case where a step is provided at the boundary of the sliding contact region.
上述の切削インサートにおいて、一方の多角形面の外縁にのみ切刃が設けられる片面型の切削インサートであって、前記湾曲部は、板厚方向全長において、前記コーナ刃から板厚方向に離間するに従い連続的に曲率半径が大きくなる構成としてもよい。
In the above-mentioned cutting insert, a single-sided cutting insert in which a cutting edge is provided only on the outer edge of one polygonal surface, and the curved portion is separated from the corner blade in the plate thickness direction in the total length in the plate thickness direction. The radius of curvature may be continuously increased accordingly.
上述の構成によれば、板厚方向の全長において湾曲部の曲率半径が連続的に変化する。このため、切削インサートの剛性をさらに高めることができる。
According to the above configuration, the radius of curvature of the curved portion continuously changes in the total length in the plate thickness direction. Therefore, the rigidity of the cutting insert can be further increased.
本発明の一実施態様の加工方法は、上述の切削インサートを用いた加工方法であって、前記切刃を回転軸線周りに回転する被削材に接触させて切削を行い切削面を形成する切削工程と、前記摺接領域を前記切削面に押し当ててバニシングを行うバニシング工程と、を有する。
The machining method of one embodiment of the present invention is a machining method using the above-mentioned cutting insert, in which the cutting edge is brought into contact with a work material rotating around a rotation axis to perform cutting to form a cutting surface. It has a step and a burnishing step of pressing the sliding contact region against the cutting surface to perform burnishing.
上述の構成によれば、上述の切削インサートを用いて切削加工およびバニシング加工を連続的に行うことができる。すなわち、工作機械の冶具に取り付けられる工具を、切削加工用の工具からバニシング加工用の工具に付け替える必要がなく、製造工程の短時間化を図ることができる。
According to the above configuration, cutting and burnishing can be continuously performed using the above cutting insert. That is, it is not necessary to change the tool attached to the jig of the machine tool from the tool for cutting to the tool for burnishing, and the manufacturing process can be shortened.
本発明によれば、切削加工およびバニシング加工を行うことができ、加工後の面粗さを向上できる切削インサートおよび加工方法を提供できる。
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a cutting insert and a processing method capable of performing cutting processing and burnishing processing and improving the surface roughness after processing.
以下、本発明の一実施形態に係る切削インサート1について、図面を参照して説明する。図1は、本実施形態の切削インサート1を有する刃先交換式バイト30の分解斜視図である。刃先交換式バイト30は、主軸回りに回転させられる金属材料の被削材に対して、旋削加工を施すバイトである。
Hereinafter, the cutting insert 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a cutting edge exchangeable cutting tool 30 having the cutting insert 1 of the present embodiment. The cutting edge replaceable cutting tool 30 is a cutting tool that turns a work material of a metal material that is rotated around a spindle.
刃先交換式バイト30は、切削インサート1と、切削インサート1が着脱可能に装着される工具本体31と、切削インサート1を工具本体に取り付けるクランプ機構(図示略)と、シート部材35と、を有する。
The cutting edge replaceable cutting tool 30 has a cutting insert 1, a tool body 31 to which the cutting insert 1 is detachably mounted, a clamp mechanism (not shown) for attaching the cutting insert 1 to the tool body, and a seat member 35. ..
工具本体31は、軸状に延びる棒体である。本明細書では、工具本体31が延びる方向のうち、被削材Wの加工面に向かう方向を工具先端側といい、その反対側を工具基端側という。また、工具本体31が延びる方向に直交する方向のうち、切削インサート1のすくい面7が向く方向を上側として各部を説明する。なお、本明細書における上下方向は、単に説明のために用いられる方向であって、刃先交換式バイト30の使用時の姿勢を限定するものではない。
The tool body 31 is a rod body extending in a shaft shape. In the present specification, among the directions in which the tool body 31 extends, the direction toward the machined surface of the work material W is referred to as the tool tip side, and the opposite side is referred to as the tool base end side. Further, among the directions orthogonal to the extending direction of the tool body 31, each part will be described with the direction in which the rake face 7 of the cutting insert 1 faces is the upper side. The vertical direction in the present specification is merely a direction used for explanation, and does not limit the posture when the cutting edge replaceable cutting tool 30 is used.
工具本体31は、鋼材等からなる。工具本体31は、工具基端側に位置する基端部31bにおいて図示略の工作機械の冶具(刃物台)に着脱可能に保持される。また、工具本体31を保持する冶具は、不図示の旋盤等の工作機械(旋盤)に固定される。
The tool body 31 is made of steel or the like. The tool body 31 is detachably held by a jig (cutlery base) of a machine tool (not shown) at a base end portion 31b located on the tool base end side. Further, the jig that holds the tool body 31 is fixed to a machine tool (lathe) such as a lathe (not shown).
工具本体31の先端部31aには、切削インサート1が装着されるインサート取付座32が設けられる。また、工具本体31の先端部31aには、インサート取付座32に装着された切削インサート1の切刃5にクーラントを供給するクーラント供給孔が設けられていてもよい。
The tip 31a of the tool body 31 is provided with an insert mounting seat 32 on which the cutting insert 1 is mounted. Further, the tip portion 31a of the tool body 31 may be provided with a coolant supply hole for supplying coolant to the cutting edge 5 of the cutting insert 1 mounted on the insert mounting seat 32.
インサート取付座32は、切削インサート1の形状に対応して切り欠かれるように形成された凹状である。凹状のインサート取付座32に配置された切削インサート1は、図示略のクランプ機構によって工具本体31に固定される。本実施形態では、切削インサート1が三角形板状に形成されているのに対応して、インサート取付座32は、工具先端側及び上方へ向けて開口する三角形穴状である。
The insert mounting seat 32 has a concave shape formed so as to be cut out corresponding to the shape of the cutting insert 1. The cutting insert 1 arranged on the concave insert mounting seat 32 is fixed to the tool body 31 by a clamp mechanism (not shown). In the present embodiment, the insert mounting seat 32 has a triangular hole shape that opens toward the tool tip side and upward, while the cutting insert 1 is formed in a triangular plate shape.
シート部材35は、例えば超硬合金等により形成されている。シート部材35は、切削インサート1が三角形板状に形成されているのに対応して、三角形板状である。シート部材35における表裏面のうち、裏面は、インサート取付座32の底面32aに当接する。シート部材35における表裏面のうち、表面は、切削インサート1が着座させられる取付面とされる。
The sheet member 35 is formed of, for example, cemented carbide. The sheet member 35 has a triangular plate shape corresponding to the cutting insert 1 being formed in a triangular plate shape. Of the front and back surfaces of the seat member 35, the back surface abuts on the bottom surface 32a of the insert mounting seat 32. Of the front and back surfaces of the seat member 35, the front surface is a mounting surface on which the cutting insert 1 is seated.
図2は、切削インサート1の斜視図である。
切削インサート1は、中心線Jに対し回転対称な平面視多角形板状(本実施形態では三角形板状)である。なお、以下の説明において、中心線Jに沿う方向のことを単に板厚方向と呼ぶ場合がある。 FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the cutting insert 1.
Thecutting insert 1 has a polygonal plate shape in a plan view (triangular plate shape in this embodiment) that is rotationally symmetric with respect to the center line J. In the following description, the direction along the center line J may be simply referred to as the plate thickness direction.
切削インサート1は、中心線Jに対し回転対称な平面視多角形板状(本実施形態では三角形板状)である。なお、以下の説明において、中心線Jに沿う方向のことを単に板厚方向と呼ぶ場合がある。 FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the cutting insert 1.
The
切削インサート1は、板厚方向を向く一対の多角形面10と、一対の多角形面10同士を繋ぐ側面11と、を有する。切削インサート1には、板厚方向に貫通し一対の多角形面10にそれぞれ開口する平面視円形の取付孔15が設けられる。切削インサート1は、一方の多角形面10をインサート取付座32の底面32aを向けた状態で、取付孔15において、クランプ機構(図示略)により工具本体31に固定される。なお、切削インサート1と、インサート取付座32の底面32aとの間には、シート部材35が挟み込まれる。
The cutting insert 1 has a pair of polygonal surfaces 10 facing in the plate thickness direction and a side surface 11 connecting the pair of polygonal surfaces 10 to each other. The cutting insert 1 is provided with a circular mounting hole 15 in a plan view that penetrates in the plate thickness direction and opens in each of the pair of polygonal surfaces 10. The cutting insert 1 is fixed to the tool body 31 by a clamp mechanism (not shown) in the mounting hole 15 with one polygonal surface 10 facing the bottom surface 32a of the insert mounting seat 32. The seat member 35 is sandwiched between the cutting insert 1 and the bottom surface 32a of the insert mounting seat 32.
また、切削インサート1は、一対の多角形面10のうち一方に設けられるすくい面7と、側面11に設けられる逃げ面8と、すくい面7と逃げ面8との公差稜線に設けられる切刃5と、を有する。本実施形態の切削インサート1は、一方の多角形面10の外縁にのみ切刃5が設けられる片面型の切削インサートである。
Further, the cutting insert 1 is a cutting edge provided on a rake surface 7 provided on one of a pair of polygonal surfaces 10, a flank surface 8 provided on the side surface 11, and a tolerance ridge line between the rake face 7 and the flank surface 8. 5 and. The cutting insert 1 of the present embodiment is a single-sided cutting insert in which the cutting edge 5 is provided only on the outer edge of one polygonal surface 10.
切削インサート1は、例えば、超硬合金等の硬質材料からなる。切削インサート1は、その外面のうち少なくとも切刃5近傍(切刃5、すくい面7及び逃げ面8)が硬質膜で被覆される。切削インサート1は、切刃5の一部が工具本体31の先端部31aから突出した状態で工具本体31に固定される。切刃5は、被削材Wの回転軸線Oの径方向を向く面、又は軸方向を向く端面に切削加工を施す。
The cutting insert 1 is made of a hard material such as cemented carbide. Of the outer surface of the cutting insert 1, at least the vicinity of the cutting edge 5 (cutting edge 5, rake surface 7 and flank surface 8) is covered with a hard film. The cutting insert 1 is fixed to the tool body 31 with a part of the cutting edge 5 protruding from the tip 31a of the tool body 31. The cutting edge 5 cuts a surface of the work material W that faces the radial direction of the rotation axis O or an end face that faces the axial direction.
切刃5は、すくい面7が設けられた多角形面10の外縁に設けられる。本実施形態の切刃5は、多角形面10の外縁の全長に設けられる。しかしながら、切刃5は、多角形面10の外縁のうち、少なくともコーナ部に設けられていればよい。
The cutting edge 5 is provided on the outer edge of the polygonal surface 10 provided with the rake surface 7. The cutting edge 5 of the present embodiment is provided over the entire length of the outer edge of the polygonal surface 10. However, the cutting edge 5 may be provided at least at the corner portion of the outer edge of the polygonal surface 10.
切刃5は、多角形面10のコーナ部に位置するコーナ刃5aと、コーナ刃5aの両端に接続して直線状に延びる一対の直線刃5bと、を有している。本実施形態の切刃5は、3つのコーナ刃5aと、一対のコーナ刃5a同士を繋ぐ3つの直線刃5bと、を有する。
The cutting blade 5 has a corner blade 5a located at a corner portion of the polygonal surface 10 and a pair of straight blades 5b connected to both ends of the corner blade 5a and extending linearly. The cutting blade 5 of the present embodiment has three corner blades 5a and three straight blades 5b that connect the pair of corner blades 5a to each other.
すくい面7は、一方の多角形面10の全域のうち、切刃5の近傍の領域に設けられる。すくい面7は、多角形面10のエッジの近傍において、エッジに沿って帯状に延びる。また、すくい面7は、切刃5によって切削加工を行う際に排出される切屑が接触(擦過)する領域である。本実施形態のすくい面7は、中心線Jと直交する平坦面である。しかしながら、すくい面7は、切刃5から中心線J側に近づくに従い下側に傾斜する面であってもよい。すくい面7は、ブレーカ溝の一部であってもよい。
The rake face 7 is provided in a region near the cutting edge 5 in the entire area of one polygonal face 10. The rake face 7 extends in a band shape along the edge in the vicinity of the edge of the polygonal face 10. Further, the rake face 7 is a region where chips discharged when cutting is performed by the cutting edge 5 come into contact (scratch). The rake face 7 of the present embodiment is a flat surface orthogonal to the center line J. However, the rake face 7 may be a surface that inclines downward as it approaches the center line J side from the cutting edge 5. The rake face 7 may be part of the breaker groove.
逃げ面8は、切刃5から板厚方向に沿って下側に延びる。逃げ面8は、切刃5によって被削材Wを切削する際に、被削材Wと対向配置される。逃げ面8は、コーナ刃5aから板厚方向に沿って延びる湾曲部8aと、直線刃5bから板厚方向に沿って延びる平坦部8bと、を有する。湾曲部8aは、中心線Jの径方向に凸となる凸曲面である。また、平坦部8bは、中心線Jと平行な平坦面である。
The flank 8 extends downward from the cutting edge 5 along the plate thickness direction. The flank 8 is arranged to face the work material W when the work material W is cut by the cutting edge 5. The flank 8 has a curved portion 8a extending from the corner blade 5a along the plate thickness direction and a flat portion 8b extending from the straight blade 5b along the plate thickness direction. The curved portion 8a is a convex curved surface that is convex in the radial direction of the center line J. Further, the flat portion 8b is a flat surface parallel to the center line J.
湾曲部8aは、側面11の板厚方向の全長に設けられる。湾曲部8aは、板厚方向全長において、コーナ刃5aから板厚方向に離間するに従い連続的に曲率半径Rが大きくなる。すなわち、湾曲部8aは、コーナ刃5a側に向かうに従い先細りとなる円錐面である。湾曲部8aの上端の曲率半径は、コーナ刃5aの曲率半径rと一致する。上述したように、本実施形態の逃げ面8の平坦部8bは、中心線Jと平行な面である。したがって、湾曲部8aの先端は、切刃5から離れるに従い中心線Jに近づいて傾斜する。
なお、ここで湾曲部8aの曲率半径Rとは、板厚方向と直交する断面における湾曲部8aの曲率半径を意味する。 Thecurved portion 8a is provided on the entire length of the side surface 11 in the plate thickness direction. The radius of curvature R of the curved portion 8a continuously increases as it is separated from the corner blade 5a in the plate thickness direction in the total length in the plate thickness direction. That is, the curved portion 8a is a conical surface that tapers toward the corner blade 5a side. The radius of curvature of the upper end of the curved portion 8a coincides with the radius of curvature r of the corner blade 5a. As described above, the flat portion 8b of the flank surface 8 of the present embodiment is a plane parallel to the center line J. Therefore, the tip of the curved portion 8a inclines toward the center line J as the distance from the cutting edge 5 increases.
Here, the radius of curvature R of thecurved portion 8a means the radius of curvature of the curved portion 8a in a cross section orthogonal to the plate thickness direction.
なお、ここで湾曲部8aの曲率半径Rとは、板厚方向と直交する断面における湾曲部8aの曲率半径を意味する。 The
Here, the radius of curvature R of the
湾曲部8aには、摺接領域2が設けられる。摺接領域2は、湾曲部8aの一部であって切刃5に対して板厚方向の下側に離間した一領域である。後述するように、摺接領域2は、被削材Wの切削面Waに押し当てられることでバニシング加工を行う。摺接領域2の表面には、バニシング加工に適した被膜で被覆される。この被膜は、CVDコーティング膜等の手段で形成される。
特に限定されないが、摺接領域2の上端は切刃5に対して板厚方向の下側に板厚の1/6以上離間することが好ましい。また、摺接領域2の上端は切刃5に対して板厚方向の下側に板厚の1/6以上離間し、その下端は切刃5に対して板厚方向の下側に板厚の5/6以上離間することがより好ましい。また、摺接領域2の上端は切刃5に対して板厚方向の下側に板厚の1/4以上離間し、その下端は切刃5に対して板厚方向の下側に板厚の3/4以上離間することがさらにより好ましい。 Thecurved portion 8a is provided with a sliding contact region 2. The sliding contact region 2 is a region that is a part of the curved portion 8a and is separated downward from the cutting edge 5 in the plate thickness direction. As will be described later, the sliding contact region 2 is burnished by being pressed against the cutting surface Wa of the work material W. The surface of the sliding contact region 2 is coated with a coating suitable for burnishing. This film is formed by means such as a CVD coating film.
Although not particularly limited, it is preferable that the upper end of the slidingcontact region 2 is separated from the cutting edge 5 on the lower side in the plate thickness direction by 1/6 or more of the plate thickness. Further, the upper end of the sliding contact region 2 is separated from the cutting edge 5 on the lower side in the plate thickness direction by 1/6 or more of the plate thickness, and the lower end thereof is separated from the cutting blade 5 on the lower side in the plate thickness direction by 1/6 or more. It is more preferable that the distance is 5/6 or more. Further, the upper end of the sliding contact region 2 is separated from the cutting edge 5 on the lower side in the plate thickness direction by 1/4 or more of the plate thickness, and the lower end thereof is separated from the cutting blade 5 on the lower side in the plate thickness direction. It is even more preferable that the distance is 3/4 or more.
特に限定されないが、摺接領域2の上端は切刃5に対して板厚方向の下側に板厚の1/6以上離間することが好ましい。また、摺接領域2の上端は切刃5に対して板厚方向の下側に板厚の1/6以上離間し、その下端は切刃5に対して板厚方向の下側に板厚の5/6以上離間することがより好ましい。また、摺接領域2の上端は切刃5に対して板厚方向の下側に板厚の1/4以上離間し、その下端は切刃5に対して板厚方向の下側に板厚の3/4以上離間することがさらにより好ましい。 The
Although not particularly limited, it is preferable that the upper end of the sliding
上述したように、湾曲部8aの曲率半径Rは、コーナ刃5aから板厚方向に離間するに従って大きくなる。また、湾曲部8aの上端の曲率半径は、コーナ刃5aの曲率半径rと一致する。したがって、摺接領域2の曲率半径Rは、コーナ刃5aの曲率半径rより大きい。なお、本実施形態において、摺接領域2の曲率半径Rは、板厚方向の位置によって変化する。本実施形態において、摺接領域2の曲率半径Rは、板厚方向の如何なる位置においても、コーナ刃5aの曲率半径rより大きい。
As described above, the radius of curvature R of the curved portion 8a increases as the distance from the corner blade 5a in the plate thickness direction increases. Further, the radius of curvature of the upper end of the curved portion 8a coincides with the radius of curvature r of the corner blade 5a. Therefore, the radius of curvature R of the sliding contact region 2 is larger than the radius of curvature r of the corner blade 5a. In the present embodiment, the radius of curvature R of the sliding contact region 2 changes depending on the position in the plate thickness direction. In the present embodiment, the radius of curvature R of the sliding contact region 2 is larger than the radius of curvature r of the corner blade 5a at any position in the plate thickness direction.
次に本実施形態の切削インサート1を用いた加工方法について図3および図4を基に説明する。
本実施形態の加工方法では、円柱状の被削材Wの外周面に対して、切削加工とバニシング加工とを順次行う。本実施形態の切削工程およびバニシング工程は、ともに旋盤を用いて行われる。本実施形態の切削工程およびバニシング工程は、被削材Wを回転軸線O周りに回転させながら行われる。 Next, a machining method using thecutting insert 1 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.
In the processing method of the present embodiment, cutting processing and burnishing processing are sequentially performed on the outer peripheral surface of the columnar work material W. Both the cutting step and the burnishing step of the present embodiment are performed using a lathe. The cutting step and the burnishing step of the present embodiment are performed while rotating the work material W around the rotation axis O.
本実施形態の加工方法では、円柱状の被削材Wの外周面に対して、切削加工とバニシング加工とを順次行う。本実施形態の切削工程およびバニシング工程は、ともに旋盤を用いて行われる。本実施形態の切削工程およびバニシング工程は、被削材Wを回転軸線O周りに回転させながら行われる。 Next, a machining method using the
In the processing method of the present embodiment, cutting processing and burnishing processing are sequentially performed on the outer peripheral surface of the columnar work material W. Both the cutting step and the burnishing step of the present embodiment are performed using a lathe. The cutting step and the burnishing step of the present embodiment are performed while rotating the work material W around the rotation axis O.
図3は、刃先交換式バイト30を用いた切削工程を示す図である。
本実施形態の切削工程は、回転軸線Oの径方向外側を向く被削材Wの外周面を切削する。 FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a cutting process using the cutting edgereplaceable cutting tool 30.
In the cutting process of the present embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the work material W facing the radial outer side of the rotation axis O is cut.
本実施形態の切削工程は、回転軸線Oの径方向外側を向く被削材Wの外周面を切削する。 FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a cutting process using the cutting edge
In the cutting process of the present embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the work material W facing the radial outer side of the rotation axis O is cut.
切削工程では、作業者は、まず、切削インサート1のすくい面7を被削材Wの回転方向と対向させた状態で、刃先交換式バイト30を旋盤の刃物台(冶具)に取り付ける。
さらに、作業者は、刃物台を操作して刃先交換式バイト30を移動させ、切刃5のコーナ刃5aを回転軸線O周りに回転する被削材Wの外周面に接触させる。
さらに、作業者は、回転軸線Oの径方向における切刃5の位置および姿勢を変えることなく、切刃5を回転軸線Oの軸方向に移動させる。これにより、切刃5によって被削材Wの外周面の切削を行い切削面Waが形成される。
作業者は、回転軸線Oの軸方向において十分な長さの切削面Waが形成された後に、刃先交換式バイト30を回転軸線Oの径方向外側に移動させる。これにより、切刃5が被削材Wから離間して切削工程が完了する。 In the cutting process, the operator first attaches the cutting edgereplaceable cutting tool 30 to the tool post (jig) of the lathe with the rake face 7 of the cutting insert 1 facing the rotation direction of the work material W.
Further, the operator operates the tool post to move the cutting edgereplaceable cutting tool 30, and brings the corner blade 5a of the cutting blade 5 into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the work material W rotating around the rotation axis O.
Further, the operator moves thecutting edge 5 in the axial direction of the rotating axis O without changing the position and posture of the cutting edge 5 in the radial direction of the rotating axis O. As a result, the cutting edge 5 cuts the outer peripheral surface of the work material W to form the cutting surface Wa.
The operator moves the cutting edgeexchangeable cutting tool 30 to the outside in the radial direction of the rotary axis O after the cutting surface Wa having a sufficient length in the axial direction of the rotary axis O is formed. As a result, the cutting edge 5 is separated from the work material W, and the cutting process is completed.
さらに、作業者は、刃物台を操作して刃先交換式バイト30を移動させ、切刃5のコーナ刃5aを回転軸線O周りに回転する被削材Wの外周面に接触させる。
さらに、作業者は、回転軸線Oの径方向における切刃5の位置および姿勢を変えることなく、切刃5を回転軸線Oの軸方向に移動させる。これにより、切刃5によって被削材Wの外周面の切削を行い切削面Waが形成される。
作業者は、回転軸線Oの軸方向において十分な長さの切削面Waが形成された後に、刃先交換式バイト30を回転軸線Oの径方向外側に移動させる。これにより、切刃5が被削材Wから離間して切削工程が完了する。 In the cutting process, the operator first attaches the cutting edge
Further, the operator operates the tool post to move the cutting edge
Further, the operator moves the
The operator moves the cutting edge
図4は、刃先交換式バイト30を用いたバニシング工程を示す図である。
バニシング工程は、切削工程の直後に行う。より具体的には、バニシング工程は、切削工程後に、被削材Wの回転を停止させることなく連続的に行うことができる。 FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a burnishing process using the cutting edgereplaceable cutting tool 30.
The burnishing step is performed immediately after the cutting step. More specifically, the burnishing step can be continuously performed after the cutting step without stopping the rotation of the work material W.
バニシング工程は、切削工程の直後に行う。より具体的には、バニシング工程は、切削工程後に、被削材Wの回転を停止させることなく連続的に行うことができる。 FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a burnishing process using the cutting edge
The burnishing step is performed immediately after the cutting step. More specifically, the burnishing step can be continuously performed after the cutting step without stopping the rotation of the work material W.
バニシング工程では、作業者は、まず、刃先交換式バイト30を移動させ、逃げ面8の湾曲部8aに設けられる摺接領域2を切削面Waと回転軸線Oの径方向に対向させる。
さらに、作業者は、刃先交換式バイト30を回転軸線Oの径方向内側に移動さえ摺接領域2を切削面Waに押し当ててバニシング加工を行う。 In the burnishing step, the operator first moves the cutting edgeexchangeable cutting tool 30 so that the sliding contact region 2 provided on the curved portion 8a of the flank 8 faces the cutting surface Wa in the radial direction of the rotation axis O.
Further, the operator moves the blade edgeexchangeable cutting tool 30 inward in the radial direction of the rotation axis O and presses the sliding contact region 2 against the cutting surface Wa to perform the burnishing process.
さらに、作業者は、刃先交換式バイト30を回転軸線Oの径方向内側に移動さえ摺接領域2を切削面Waに押し当ててバニシング加工を行う。 In the burnishing step, the operator first moves the cutting edge
Further, the operator moves the blade edge
バニシング工程において、摺接領域2が切削面Waに押し当てられることで、切削面Waに形成された凹凸が塑性変形する。これにより、バニシング加工後の被削材Wの加工面の面粗さを向上させることができる。加えて、被削材Wの表面に圧縮残留応力を付与して、バニシング加工後の被削材Wの加工面の硬度を高めることができる。
In the burnishing process, the sliding contact region 2 is pressed against the cutting surface Wa, so that the unevenness formed on the cutting surface Wa is plastically deformed. As a result, the surface roughness of the machined surface of the work material W after the burnishing process can be improved. In addition, compressive residual stress can be applied to the surface of the work material W to increase the hardness of the machined surface of the work material W after the burnishing process.
本実施形態によれば、切刃5で切削加工を行った後に、摺接領域2において切削面Waをバニシング加工することができる。このため、加工手順において、切削工程を行う工具からバニシング加工を行う工具への付け替えの必要がなく、製造時のタクトタイムを短くして製造コストを圧縮できる。
According to this embodiment, after the cutting process is performed by the cutting edge 5, the cutting surface Wa can be burnished in the sliding contact region 2. Therefore, in the machining procedure, it is not necessary to replace the tool that performs the cutting process with the tool that performs the burnishing process, and the tact time during manufacturing can be shortened to reduce the manufacturing cost.
本実施形態によれば、摺接領域2の曲率半径Rが、コーナ刃5aの曲率半径rより大きい。摺接領域2の曲率半径Rを大きくすることで、バニシング加工後の加工面の面粗さを向上させることができる。本実施形態によれば、コーナ刃5aの曲率半径Rに依存せずに摺接領域2の曲率半径Rを大きくすることができ、バニシング加工後の加工面の面粗さを向上させることができる。
一般的に、バニシング加工を行う場合、送り速度を低くすることで面粗さを向上できることが知られている。本実施形態によれば、摺接領域2の曲率半径Rを大きくすることで、送り速度を高くしても所望の面粗さを実現することが可能となりバニシング加工のタクトタイムを短くすることができる。 According to the present embodiment, the radius of curvature R of the slidingcontact region 2 is larger than the radius of curvature r of the corner blade 5a. By increasing the radius of curvature R of the sliding contact region 2, the surface roughness of the machined surface after the burnishing process can be improved. According to this embodiment, the radius of curvature R of the sliding contact region 2 can be increased independently of the radius of curvature R of the corner blade 5a, and the surface roughness of the machined surface after burnishing can be improved. ..
Generally, it is known that when the burnishing process is performed, the surface roughness can be improved by lowering the feed rate. According to the present embodiment, by increasing the radius of curvature R of the slidingcontact region 2, it is possible to achieve a desired surface roughness even if the feed rate is increased, and the tact time of the burnishing process can be shortened. it can.
一般的に、バニシング加工を行う場合、送り速度を低くすることで面粗さを向上できることが知られている。本実施形態によれば、摺接領域2の曲率半径Rを大きくすることで、送り速度を高くしても所望の面粗さを実現することが可能となりバニシング加工のタクトタイムを短くすることができる。 According to the present embodiment, the radius of curvature R of the sliding
Generally, it is known that when the burnishing process is performed, the surface roughness can be improved by lowering the feed rate. According to the present embodiment, by increasing the radius of curvature R of the sliding
本実施形態によれば、湾曲部8aの曲率半径が板厚方向に沿って連続的に変化する。このため、摺接領域2の境界部に段差が設けられる場合と比較して、切削インサート1の剛性を高めて加工時に加わる応力に起因する切削インサート1の損傷を抑制できる。特に、本実施形態では、湾曲部8aの曲率半径は、側面11の板厚方向の全長において、板厚方向に沿って連続的に変化する。このため、切削インサート1の剛性をさらに高めることができる。
According to the present embodiment, the radius of curvature of the curved portion 8a continuously changes along the plate thickness direction. Therefore, as compared with the case where a step is provided at the boundary portion of the sliding contact region 2, the rigidity of the cutting insert 1 can be increased and damage to the cutting insert 1 due to stress applied during machining can be suppressed. In particular, in the present embodiment, the radius of curvature of the curved portion 8a continuously changes along the plate thickness direction in the total length of the side surface 11 in the plate thickness direction. Therefore, the rigidity of the cutting insert 1 can be further increased.
以上に、本発明の実施形態を説明したが、上述の実施形態における各構成およびそれらの組み合わせ等は一例であり、本発明の趣旨から逸脱しない範囲内で、構成の付加、省略、置換およびその他の変更が可能である。また、本発明は実施形態によって限定されることはない。
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the configurations and combinations thereof in the above-described embodiments are examples, and additions, omissions, substitutions, and the like of the configurations are added, omitted, replaced, and the like without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Can be changed. Moreover, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.
例えば、上述の実施形態では、切削インサート1が三角形板状に形成されているとしたが、これに限定されるものではない。すなわち、本発明の切削インサート1は、多角形板状であれば、矩形板状などの他の形状であってもよい。
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the cutting insert 1 is formed in a triangular plate shape, but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the cutting insert 1 of the present invention may have another shape such as a rectangular plate as long as it has a polygonal plate shape.
また、上述の実施形態の切削インサート1は、一方の多角形面10の外縁にのみ切刃5が設けられる片面型であるため、すくい面7は、一対の多角形面10のうち一方にのみ設けられる。しかしながら、切削インサートが、両方の多角形面の外縁に切刃を有する両面型である場合、すくい面は一対の多角形面10の両方に設けられる。すなわち、すくい面7は、一対の多角形面10のうち少なくとも一方に設けられる。
Further, since the cutting insert 1 of the above-described embodiment is a single-sided type in which the cutting edge 5 is provided only on the outer edge of one polygonal surface 10, the rake face 7 is provided on only one of the pair of polygonal surfaces 10. It is provided. However, if the cutting insert is a double-sided type with cutting edges on the outer edges of both polygonal faces, the rake faces are provided on both of the pair of polygonal faces 10. That is, the rake face 7 is provided on at least one of the pair of polygonal faces 10.
また、上述の実施形態の切削インサート1は、逃げ面8を含む側面11が中心線Jに平行となるように形成されたネガティブインサートであるが、これに限定されるものではない。すなわち切削インサート1は、逃げ面8が、切刃5から板厚方向において離間するに従い中心線Jに近づくように傾斜するポジティブインサートであってもよい。
Further, the cutting insert 1 of the above-described embodiment is a negative insert formed so that the side surface 11 including the flank 8 is parallel to the center line J, but the cutting insert 1 is not limited thereto. That is, the cutting insert 1 may be a positive insert in which the flank 8 is inclined so as to approach the center line J as it is separated from the cutting edge 5 in the plate thickness direction.
本発明によれば、切削加工およびバニシング加工を行うことができ、加工後の面粗さを向上できる切削インサートおよび加工方法を提供できる。
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a cutting insert and a processing method capable of performing cutting processing and burnishing processing and improving the surface roughness after processing.
1 切削インサート
2 摺接領域
5 切刃
5a コーナ刃
7 すくい面
8 逃げ面
8a 湾曲部
10 多角形面
O 回転軸線
r,R 曲率半径
W 被削材
Wa 切削面 1 Cuttinginsert 2 Sliding contact area 5 Cutting blade 5a Corner blade 7 Scooping surface 8 Escape surface 8a Curved part 10 Polygonal surface O Rotation axis r, R Radius of curvature W Work material Wa Cutting surface
2 摺接領域
5 切刃
5a コーナ刃
7 すくい面
8 逃げ面
8a 湾曲部
10 多角形面
O 回転軸線
r,R 曲率半径
W 被削材
Wa 切削面 1 Cutting
Claims (4)
- 旋削加工に用いられる多角形板状の切削インサートであって、
一対の多角形面のうち少なくとも一方に設けられるすくい面と、
前記すくい面が設けられた前記多角形面の外縁に設けられる切刃と、
前記切刃から板厚方向に沿って延びる逃げ面と、を有し、
前記切刃は、前記多角形面のコーナ部に位置するコーナ刃を含み、
前記逃げ面は、前記コーナ刃から板厚方向に沿って延びる湾曲部を有し、
前記湾曲部には、被削材の切削面に押し当てられることでバニシング加工を行う摺接領域が設けられ、
前記摺接領域の曲率半径は、前記コーナ刃の曲率半径より大きい、切削インサート。 A polygonal plate-shaped cutting insert used for turning.
A rake face provided on at least one of the pair of polygonal faces,
A cutting edge provided on the outer edge of the polygonal surface provided with the rake face, and
It has a flank extending from the cutting edge along the plate thickness direction.
The cutting edge includes a corner blade located at a corner portion of the polygonal surface.
The flank has a curved portion extending from the corner blade along the plate thickness direction.
The curved portion is provided with a sliding contact region for burnishing by being pressed against the cutting surface of the work material.
A cutting insert in which the radius of curvature of the sliding contact region is larger than the radius of curvature of the corner blade. - 前記湾曲部は、前記コーナ刃から板厚方向に離間するに従い連続的に曲率半径が大きくなる、請求項1に記載の切削インサート。 The cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein the curved portion has a radius of curvature that continuously increases as it is separated from the corner blade in the plate thickness direction.
- 一方の多角形面の外縁にのみ切刃が設けられる片面型の切削インサートであって、
前記湾曲部は、板厚方向全長において、前記コーナ刃から板厚方向に離間するに従い連続的に曲率半径が大きくなる、請求項2に記載の切削インサート。 A single-sided cutting insert in which a cutting edge is provided only on the outer edge of one polygonal surface.
The cutting insert according to claim 2, wherein the curved portion has a radius of curvature continuously increasing as it is separated from the corner blade in the plate thickness direction in the total length in the plate thickness direction. - 請求項1~3の何れか一項に記載の切削インサートを用いた加工方法であって、
前記切刃を回転軸線周りに回転する被削材に接触させて切削を行い切削面を形成する切削工程と、
前記摺接領域を前記切削面に押し当ててバニシングを行うバニシング工程と、を有する加工方法。 A processing method using the cutting insert according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
A cutting process in which the cutting edge is brought into contact with a work material rotating around the rotation axis to perform cutting to form a cutting surface.
A processing method comprising a burnishing step of pressing the sliding contact region against the cutting surface to perform burnishing.
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JPS6321501U (en) * | 1986-07-25 | 1988-02-12 | ||
JP2001030101A (en) * | 1999-07-16 | 2001-02-06 | Aisin Aw Co Ltd | Cutting tip, cutting method, and machining member |
JP2013202733A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2013-10-07 | Institute Of National Colleges Of Technology Japan | Chip for cutting and friction work |
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JPS6321501U (en) * | 1986-07-25 | 1988-02-12 | ||
JP2001030101A (en) * | 1999-07-16 | 2001-02-06 | Aisin Aw Co Ltd | Cutting tip, cutting method, and machining member |
JP2013202733A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2013-10-07 | Institute Of National Colleges Of Technology Japan | Chip for cutting and friction work |
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