JP4643589B2 - 圧縮ガス容器にガスを充填するための方法 - Google Patents
圧縮ガス容器にガスを充填するための方法 Download PDFInfo
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- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
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- F17C5/02—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with liquefied gases
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- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
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- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
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- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
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- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/058—Size portable (<30 l)
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- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
- F17C2203/0614—Single wall
- F17C2203/0617—Single wall with one layer
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- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0311—Closure means
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- F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
- F17C2209/221—Welding
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- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/011—Oxygen
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- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
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- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
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- F17C2221/014—Nitrogen
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- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/016—Noble gases (Ar, Kr, Xe)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/016—Noble gases (Ar, Kr, Xe)
- F17C2221/017—Helium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/035—High pressure (>10 bar)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
- F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
- F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
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- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2225/0107—Single phase
- F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2225/036—Very high pressure, i.e. above 80 bars
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
- F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
- F17C2227/0311—Air heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
- F17C2227/0369—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel
- F17C2227/0376—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in wall contact
- F17C2227/0383—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in wall contact outside the vessel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
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Description
・化学発生器(ガスを、化学物質固体と周囲空気との反応により発生させる)、
・ハイブリッド発生器として知られるもの(固体燃料と圧縮ガスパッキングの燃焼を含む)、および
・最大700barの圧力、15℃における高圧ガス貯蔵システムを有する高純度ガス発生器
である。
1.より高い貯蔵密度、またはよりコンパクトな容量のために、最大で1000bar(P(T))の充填圧力、
2.高圧での正確で的確な充填量決定、
3.充填がサイクル時間を決定するために、迅速な充填、
4.操作は、確実に再現可能でなければならない
である。
・沸点において、温度は、圧力にのみ依存し、すなわち、例えば、一定の周囲圧力において正確に決定される。
・沸騰液の良好な熱伝達のために、容器およびその内容物は、同様に、的確に沸点に素早く至らしめられる。
・必要とされる充填量を達成するための充填圧力は、一般的な充填方法と比較して、例えば、20〜25%に、すなわち、1/4〜1/5へと大幅に低下する。(充填温度に基づいて)より低沸点のガス成分を含むガス混合物については、これらの成分のレベルに応じて、かなりより大きな圧力低下を達成することがさらにできる。
a)充填温度において液体として凝縮するガス成分を含むガス混合物を用いるマノメータでの充填
少なくとも1種の(充填温度に基づいて)高沸点成分、および少なくとも1種の(充填温度に基づいて)低沸点成分を含有するガス混合物を含む圧縮ガス容器(例えば、エアバッグのためのガス発生器)が、特に有利である。
a)に基づく方法の実行
例:−196℃(液体窒素浴)において充填する、ヘリウム/二酸化炭素。
ガス成分の所望の分圧の段階的なマノメータでの測定によって、ガス混合物を、マノメータにより低温容器中で製造する/低温容器中に導入する。
1.−78℃(ドライアイス冷却)で充填する、ヘリウム/アルゴンガス混合物
2.−183℃(アルゴン冷却浴)で充填する、ヘリウム/窒素ガス混合物
d)充填温度において、液体の形態で存在するガス混合物を用いる、容積測定充填
液体ガス混合物は、液体として圧縮容器に量り入れられ、その際、それらの量は、例えば、既知の体積を有し、充填温度またはそれ以下に冷却された計量容器、またはバルブにより閉鎖することができる「測定部」、例えば充填ライン中に配置された貫流(through-flow)容器中に導入される。液体量の容積測定は、有利には、貫流量を測定するための十分に正確なデバイス(例えば、貫流センサ)を用いて行われる。
ガス混合物のガス成分は、個別に連続して液体状態で圧縮容器に量り入れられ、その際、それらの量は、例えば、充填温度以下にまで冷却された、既知の体積を有する測定容器、または、バルブにより閉鎖することができる「測定部」、例えば充填ライン中に配置された貫流容器中に導入される。液体量の容積測定は、有利には、貫流量を測定するための十分に正確なデバイス(例えば、貫流量センサ)を用いて行われる。
f)上流の計測ガス容器を介するガス混合物の導入
所望の温度、好ましくは周囲温度において、予め製造されたガス状ガス混合物を、低圧(40〜200bar)で、正確な規定体積を有する上流の容器中に導入する。
・充填を、有意により低い作動圧力を用いて行うことができる。
・超高圧コンプレッサの必要がない。標準の構成材を用いることができる。
・従って、より経済的、より低い維持費および操業費
・再現可能および正確
・低いスクラップ発生率
・高い効率(例えば、ヘリウムを用いた場合)、低損失
・従って、より経済的
・より少ない複雑な品質保証、または品質保証の完全な撤廃の可能性
・プロセスは速く、自動化に非常に適する。
図1は、圧力容器についての充填デバイスの非常に簡略化した図を示し、
図2は、例として、圧力容器についての充填プロセスの種々の段階を図式的に描く。
Claims (12)
- 圧縮ガス容器、とりわけエアバッグシステム中の圧縮ガス容器に、ガス混合物を充填するための、または圧縮ガス容器中でガス混合物を製造するための方法であって、ガス若しくは低温で液化されたガスとしてのガス混合物を、またはガス若しくは低温で液化されたガスとしての前記ガス混合物の少なくとも1種のガス成分を、冷却された圧縮ガス容器中に導入する方法において、
前記ガス混合物の少なくとも1種のガス成分が充填温度に基づいて高沸点であり、前記ガス混合物の少なくとも1種のガス成分が充填温度に基づいて低沸点であることを特徴とする方法。 - 充填され、封じられた前記圧縮ガス容器中で、加温により圧力を発生させることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 加温を、積極的な加熱により、または室温、周囲温度、または0℃以上の温度への温度均一化(Temperaturausgleich)により行うことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記圧縮ガス容器を、低温で液化されたガス若しくは低温で液化されたガス混合物を用いて外部から冷却するか、または、前記加圧容器の冷却を、冷却浴、冷却ブロック、冷ガス、冷固体粒子、若しくは温度自動調節冷却デバイスにより行うことを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記圧縮ガス容器の充填を、少なくとも−50℃以下の冷却温度において行うことを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記圧縮ガス容器の充填を、一定の温度、または実質的に一定の温度において行うことを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 低温で液化されたガスまたは低温で液化されたガス混合物を用いる、前記圧縮ガス容器の充填中の充填量の測定およびモニタリングを、重量測定または容積測定により行うことを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 充填操作中のガス状のガスまたはガス混合物の充填量の測定およびモニタリングを、マノメータで行うことを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 計量ガス容器を用いることを特徴とする請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記圧縮ガス容器中への、低温で液化されたガスまたは低温で液化されたガス混合物の導入を、冷却された前記圧縮ガス容器におけるガスの凝縮により行うことを特徴とする請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 予め製造された少なくとも1種のガス状ガス混合物を充填することにより、またはガス状のガスを連続的に充填することにより、または少なくとも1種のガス状のガスおよび少なくとも1種のガス状のガス混合物を連続的に充填することにより、前記圧縮ガス容器に、ガス状のガスまたはガス混合物を充填することを特徴とする請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ガスまたはガス混合物を用いる前記圧縮ガス容器の充填を、加圧下で行うことを特徴とする請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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DE10360591 | 2003-12-19 | ||
PCT/EP2004/053405 WO2005059431A1 (de) | 2003-12-19 | 2004-12-10 | Verfahren zur gasbefüllung von druckgasbehältern |
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US (1) | US7500497B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1695001B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4643589B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1898495B (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE435996T1 (ja) |
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US7490635B2 (en) * | 2003-10-17 | 2009-02-17 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Method for filling a pressure vessel with gas |
DE102005004665A1 (de) * | 2005-02-02 | 2006-08-10 | Messer Group Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Befüllen von Druckbehältern mit nicht verflüssigten Gasen oder Gasgemischen |
FR2889730B1 (fr) * | 2005-08-11 | 2007-09-21 | Air Liquide | Procede de remplissage d'un reservoir de gaz sous pression |
US20080202629A1 (en) * | 2005-04-25 | 2008-08-28 | Friedel Michel | Two-Step-Process for Filling Gas Containers for Airbag Systems and Gas Filling Device for a Two-Step-Filling Process |
EP1813854A1 (en) * | 2006-01-27 | 2007-08-01 | L'AIR LIQUIDE, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude | Process and arrangement for filling high pressure gas containers using a filling tube |
ATE431522T1 (de) | 2006-01-27 | 2009-05-15 | Air Liquide | Hochdruckgasbehälter mit zusatzventil und verfahren zu dessen befüllung |
US8365777B2 (en) * | 2008-02-20 | 2013-02-05 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Compressor fill method and apparatus |
US8037905B2 (en) * | 2008-06-02 | 2011-10-18 | Autoliv Development Ab | Gas fill process and inflator weld design simplification |
WO2009150260A1 (es) * | 2008-06-11 | 2009-12-17 | Maria Teresa Suero Castano | Armario de seguridad para ia carga de botellas de equipos autónomos de respiración |
US8656938B2 (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2014-02-25 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Compressed gas tank system with fast fueling ability at any vessel pressure |
JP2013545954A (ja) * | 2010-12-16 | 2013-12-26 | エア プロダクツ アンド ケミカルズ インコーポレイテッド | ガス貯蔵容器を充填する方法 |
US9234627B2 (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2016-01-12 | Jose A. Cajiga | System, apparatus and method for the cold-weather storage of gaseous fuel |
US9759383B2 (en) | 2011-07-08 | 2017-09-12 | Capat Llc | Multi-stage compression and storage system for use with municipal gaseous supply |
JP6580032B2 (ja) * | 2013-05-17 | 2019-09-25 | インテグリス・インコーポレーテッド | 高圧bf3/h2混合物の製造 |
CN103672391B (zh) * | 2013-12-27 | 2015-04-29 | 吉林省众鑫汽车装备有限公司 | 一种移动充氨设备 |
JP2017536519A (ja) | 2014-11-21 | 2017-12-07 | ワシントン、ステート、ユニバーシティWashington State University | 水素燃料供給システム及び方法 |
FR3034836B1 (fr) * | 2015-04-10 | 2017-12-01 | Air Liquide | Station et procede de remplissage d'un reservoir avec un gaz carburant |
DE102015206744A1 (de) * | 2015-04-15 | 2016-11-03 | Rwe Deutschland Ag | Verfahren zum Trocknen eines Gasraums sowie Anordnung umfassend einen schutzgasbefüllten Gasraum |
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US7500497B2 (en) | 2009-03-10 |
ATE435996T1 (de) | 2009-07-15 |
EP1695001A1 (de) | 2006-08-30 |
JP2007516396A (ja) | 2007-06-21 |
WO2005059431A1 (de) | 2005-06-30 |
CN1898495B (zh) | 2010-08-11 |
DE502004009733D1 (de) | 2009-08-20 |
EP1695001B1 (de) | 2009-07-08 |
CN1898495A (zh) | 2007-01-17 |
US20070246121A1 (en) | 2007-10-25 |
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