JP4641862B2 - Lithium-ion secondary battery charge / discharge circuit - Google Patents

Lithium-ion secondary battery charge / discharge circuit Download PDF

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JP4641862B2
JP4641862B2 JP2005142495A JP2005142495A JP4641862B2 JP 4641862 B2 JP4641862 B2 JP 4641862B2 JP 2005142495 A JP2005142495 A JP 2005142495A JP 2005142495 A JP2005142495 A JP 2005142495A JP 4641862 B2 JP4641862 B2 JP 4641862B2
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洋一 末次
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Toshiba Mitsubishi Electric Industrial Systems Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description

この発明は、互いに並列に接続された複数の電池回路列を備え、これらの各電池回路列が、それぞれ互いに直列に接続された複数のリチウムイオン二次電池を含むリチウムイオン二次電池の充放電回路に関するものである。   The present invention includes a plurality of battery circuit arrays connected in parallel to each other, and each of these battery circuit arrays includes a plurality of lithium ion secondary batteries connected in series with each other. It relates to the circuit.

一般に携帯電話機およびコードレス電話機などの移動無線通信器をはじめ、ビデオカメラ、ノート型パソコンなどの電子機器では、体積エネルギー密度が高いリチウムイオン二次電池が多く使われる。このリチウムイオン二次電池は、通常、単電池を複数個、直列接続した電池回路列とされ、電子機器の電源として使用されるが、より大きな電流容量が要求される場合には、複数の電池回路列を互いに並列接続する。   In general, lithium ion secondary batteries having a high volumetric energy density are frequently used in mobile radio communication devices such as mobile phones and cordless phones, as well as electronic devices such as video cameras and notebook computers. This lithium ion secondary battery is usually a battery circuit array in which a plurality of single cells are connected in series, and is used as a power source for electronic devices. When a larger current capacity is required, a plurality of batteries The circuit strings are connected in parallel to each other.

特開２００３−２１７６７５号公報には、複数のリチウムイオン二次電池を互いに直列に接続した１つの電池回路列について、各リチウムイオン二次電池と並列にバイパス回路を構成した充放電回路が開示されている。この各バイパス回路は、それぞれＩＧＢＴＱ１、Ｑ２、Ｑ３、・・・、Ｑｎを有し、これらのＩＧＢＴは、対応するリチウムイオン二次電池の充電が完了し、その端子電圧が充電完了電圧に達したときにオンとなり、対応するリチウムイオン二次電池に対する充電電流をバイパスし、充電の完了したリチウムイオン二次電池の過充電を防止しながら、各リチウムイオン二次電池をバランスよく充電できる。   Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-217675 discloses a charge / discharge circuit in which a bypass circuit is configured in parallel with each lithium ion secondary battery for one battery circuit array in which a plurality of lithium ion secondary batteries are connected in series with each other. ing. Each of these bypass circuits has IGBTs Q1, Q2, Q3,..., Qn, and these IGBTs have completed charging of the corresponding lithium ion secondary batteries, and their terminal voltages have reached the charging completion voltage. Sometimes it is turned on, the charging current for the corresponding lithium ion secondary battery is bypassed, and each lithium ion secondary battery can be charged in a well-balanced manner while preventing overcharging of the charged lithium ion secondary battery.

特開２００３−２１７６７５号公報JP 2003-217675 A

しかし、複数の電池回路列を互いに並列接続する場合には、充電の完了したリチウムイオン二次電池がバイパスされるため、充電の完了したリチウムイオン二次電池の数が多い電池回路列の充電電流が増大し、これが、充電の完了したリチウムイオン二次電池の数が少ない他の電池回路列におけるリチウムイオン二次電池の充電を遅らせる結果となるので、すべての電池回路列におけるすべてのリチウムイオン二次電池を効率的に充電できない不都合が生じる。   However, when a plurality of battery circuit arrays are connected in parallel to each other, since the charged lithium ion secondary batteries are bypassed, the charging current of the battery circuit arrays having a large number of fully charged lithium ion secondary batteries This results in delaying the charging of the lithium ion secondary battery in the other battery circuit array with a small number of fully charged lithium ion secondary batteries, so that all the lithium ion secondary batteries in all the battery circuit arrays are A disadvantage that the secondary battery cannot be charged efficiently occurs.

この発明は、互いに並列に接続された複数の電池回路列を備え、各電池回路列の各リチウムイオン二次電池をバランスよく、しかも効率的に充電できる改良されたリチウムイオン二次電池の充放電回路を提案するものである。   The present invention includes a plurality of battery circuit arrays connected in parallel to each other, and is capable of charging and discharging lithium ion secondary batteries in each battery circuit array in a balanced and efficient manner. A circuit is proposed.

この発明によるリチウムイオン二次電池の充放電回路は、互いに並列に接続された複数の電池回路列を備え、これらの各電池回路列が、それぞれ互いに直列に接続された複数のリチウムイオン二次電池を含むリチウムイオン二次電池の充放電回路であって、前記各電池回路列の各リチウムイオン二次電池にそれぞれバイパススイッチを接続し、前記リチウムイオン二次電池のそれぞれが充電完了電圧に達したときに、対応する前記バイパススイッチにより充電電流をバイパスするように構成するとともに、前記各電池回路列のそれぞれに、それに含まれる前記各リチウムイオン二次電池と直列に電流制限回路と列制御スイッチを接続し、それぞれの前記電池回路列に含まれるすべての前記リチウムイオン二次電池が充電完了電圧に達したときに、その電池回路列の前記列制御スイッチをオフとすることを特徴とする。   A charging / discharging circuit of a lithium ion secondary battery according to the present invention includes a plurality of battery circuit arrays connected in parallel to each other, and each of these battery circuit arrays is connected to each other in series. A charge / discharge circuit for a lithium ion secondary battery including a bypass switch connected to each lithium ion secondary battery in each battery circuit row, each of the lithium ion secondary batteries reaching a charge completion voltage When the charging current is bypassed by the corresponding bypass switch, a current limiting circuit and a column control switch are connected in series with each of the lithium ion secondary batteries included in each of the battery circuit columns. When all the lithium ion secondary batteries included in each of the battery circuit arrays have reached the charging completion voltage , Characterized by an off the column control switches of the battery circuit row.

この発明によるリチウムイオン二次電池の充放電回路では、各電池回路列の各リチウムイオン二次電池にそれぞれバイパススイッチを接続し、リチウムイオン二次電池のそれぞれが充電完了電圧に達したときに、対応する前記バイパススイッチにより充電電流をバイパスするように構成するので、各電池回路列において、各リチウムイオン二次電池の過充電を防止しながらバランスよく充電することができ、併せて各電池回路列のそれぞれに、それに含まれる各リチウムイオン二次電池と直列に電流制限回路と列制御スイッチを接続し、それぞれの電池回路列に含まれるすべてのリチウムイオン二次電池が充電完了電圧に達したときに、その電池回路列の前記列制御スイッチをオフとするので、各リチウムイオン二次電池が順次充電完了する場合にも、各電池回路列の充電電流をバランスさせ、効率的にすべての電池回路列におけるすべてのリチウムイオン二次電池を効率良く充電できる。 In the charging / discharging circuit of the lithium ion secondary battery according to the present invention, each bypass switch is connected to each lithium ion secondary battery in each battery circuit row, and when each of the lithium ion secondary batteries reaches the charge completion voltage, Since the charging current is bypassed by the corresponding bypass switch, each battery circuit row can be charged in a balanced manner while preventing overcharge of each lithium ion secondary battery. A current limiting circuit and a column control switch are connected in series with each of the lithium ion secondary batteries included in each of the batteries, and when all of the lithium ion secondary batteries included in the respective battery circuit columns reach the charging completion voltage In addition, since the row control switch of the battery circuit row is turned off, each lithium ion secondary battery is sequentially charged. Even if the charging current of each battery circuit row are balanced, effectively all of the lithium ion secondary batteries in all of the battery circuit array can be efficiently charged.

以下この発明のいくつかの実施の形態について、図面を参照して説明する。   Several embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

実施の形態１．
図１は、この発明によるリチウムイオン二次電池の充放電回路の実施の形態１を示す電気回路図である。 Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is an electric circuit diagram showing Embodiment 1 of a charge / discharge circuit of a lithium ion secondary battery according to the present invention.

実施の形態１のリチウムイオン二次電池の充放電回路は、図１に示すように、ｎ個の電池回路列１００、２００、・・・、ｎ００と、充電器２と、制御部３と、直流負荷４と、ｎ×ｎ個の電圧検出器５を有する。充電器２は正極Ｐと負極Ｎを有し、その正極Ｐは、正側接続電路線１０１Ｐを介して直流負荷４の一端に接続され、この正側接続電路線１０１Ｐには、正側充放電電路線１０２Ｐが接続される。また充電器２の負極Ｎは、負側接続電路線１０１Ｎを介して直流負荷４の他端に接続され、この負側接続電路線１０１Ｎには、負側充放電電路線１０２Ｎが接続される。電池回路列１００、２００、・・・、ｎ００は、正側充放電電路線１０２Ｐと負側充放電電路線１０２Ｎとの間に、互いに並列に接続される。   As shown in FIG. 1, the charging / discharging circuit of the lithium ion secondary battery according to the first embodiment includes n battery circuit arrays 100, 200,..., N00, a charger 2, a control unit 3, It has a DC load 4 and n × n voltage detectors 5. The charger 2 has a positive electrode P and a negative electrode N, and the positive electrode P is connected to one end of the DC load 4 via a positive-side connection electric line 101P. The electric line 102P is connected. Further, the negative electrode N of the charger 2 is connected to the other end of the DC load 4 via the negative side connecting electric line 101N, and the negative side charging / discharging electric line 102N is connected to the negative side connecting electric line 101N. The battery circuit arrays 100, 200,..., N00 are connected in parallel to each other between the positive side charging / discharging circuit line 102P and the negative side charging / discharging circuit line 102N.

実施の形態１は、ｎ×ｎ個のリチウムイオン二次電池１ａ、１ｂ、・・・、１ｎ、２ａ、２ｂ、・・・、２ｎ、・・・、ｎａ、ｎｂ、・・・、ｎｎを含む。これらのリチウムイオン二次電池は、充電器２により、それぞれ４．１ボルトの充電完了電圧まで充電された後、直流負荷４への給電のために放電する。   In the first embodiment, n × n lithium ion secondary batteries 1a, 1b,..., 1n, 2a, 2b,..., 2n,. Including. These lithium ion secondary batteries are charged to a charging completion voltage of 4.1 volts by the charger 2 and then discharged for supplying power to the DC load 4.

各リチウムイオン二次電池１ａ、１ｂ、・・・、１ｎ、２ａ、２ｂ、・・・、２ｎ、・・・、ｎａ、ｎｂ、・・・、ｎｎをそれぞれ単電池と称する。電池回路列１００は、ｎ個の単電池１ａ、１ｂ、・・・、１ｎを含み、これらの各単電池１ａ、１ｂ、・・・、１ｎは、それぞれの正極が正側充放電電路線１０２Ｐに向くような同じ極性で、互いに直列に接続される。電池回路列２００は、ｎ個の単電池２ａ、２ｂ、・・・、２ｎを含み、これらの各単電池２ａ、２ｂ、・・・、２ｎも、それぞれの正極が正側充放電電路線１０２Ｐに向くような同じ極性で、互いに直列に接続される。電池回路列ｎ００は、ｎ個の単電池ｎａ、ｎｂ、・・・、ｎｎを含み、これらの各単電池ｎａ、ｎｂ、・・・、ｎｎも、それぞれの正極が正側充放電電路線１０２Ｐに向くような同じ極性で、互いに直列に接続される。   Each of the lithium ion secondary batteries 1a, 1b, ..., 1n, 2a, 2b, ..., 2n, ..., na, nb, ..., nn is referred to as a single cell. The battery circuit array 100 includes n unit cells 1a, 1b,..., 1n, and each unit cell 1a, 1b,. Are connected in series with the same polarity as The battery circuit array 200 includes n unit cells 2a, 2b,..., 2n, and each of the unit cells 2a, 2b,. Are connected in series with the same polarity as The battery circuit array n00 includes n unit cells na, nb,..., Nn, and each unit cell na, nb,. Are connected in series with the same polarity as

充電器２は、各電池回路列１００、２００、・・・、ｎ００のそれぞれに定電流値Ｉの充電電流を供給し、この充電電流により、各単電池１ａ、１ｂ、・・・、１ｎ、２ａ、２ｂ、・・・、２ｎ、・・・、ｎａ、ｎｂ、・・・、ｎｎを定電流充電する。充電器２は、各単電池の充電時には、正側充放電電路線１０２Ｐ、負側充放電電路線１０２Ｎに、ｎ×Ｉの定電流を供給する。   The charger 2 supplies a charging current having a constant current value I to each of the battery circuit arrays 100, 200,..., N00, and the unit cells 1a, 1b,. 2a, 2b,..., 2n,..., Na, nb,. The charger 2 supplies a constant current of n × I to the positive-side charging / discharging circuit line 102P and the negative-side charging / discharging circuit line 102N when charging each unit cell.

電池回路列１００は、１つの列制御回路１０Ｃと、ｎ個の電池制御回路１１Ｃ、１２Ｃ、・・・、１ｎＣを含む。同様に、電池回路列２００は、１つの列制御回路２０Ｃと、ｎ個の電池制御回路２１Ｃ、２２Ｃ、・・・、２ｎＣを含み、電池回路列ｎ００は、１つの列制御回路ｎ０Ｃと、ｎ個の電池制御回路ｎ１Ｃ、ｎ２Ｃ、・・・、ｎｎＣを含む。   The battery circuit array 100 includes one column control circuit 10C and n battery control circuits 11C, 12C,..., 1nC. Similarly, the battery circuit array 200 includes one column control circuit 20C and n battery control circuits 21C, 22C,..., 2nC, and the battery circuit array n00 includes one column control circuit n0C, n Battery control circuits n1C, n2C,..., NnC.

列制御回路１０Ｃ、２０Ｃ、・・・、ｎ０Ｃの数は、電池回路列１００、２００、・・・、ｎ００と同数であり、それぞれ電池回路列１００、２００、・・・、ｎ００の最も正側充放電電路線１０２Ｐに近い位置に接続される。これらの列制御回路１０Ｃ、２０Ｃ、・・・、ｎ０Ｃは互いに同様に構成される。列制御回路１０Ｃは、列制御スイッチＡ１０と放電ダイオードＢ１０と電流制限回路６を含む。列制御スイッチＡ１０は、電流制限回路６に直結され、この電流制限回路６および各単電池１ａ、１ｂ、・・・、１ｎと直列に接続される。列制御回路２０Ｃは、列制御スイッチＡ２０と放電ダイオードＢ２０と電流制限回路６を含み、列制御スイッチＡ２０は、電流制限回路６に直結され、この電流制限回路６および各単電池２ａ、２ｂ、・・・、２ｎと直列に接続される。列制御回路ｎ０Ｃは、列制御スイッチＡｎ０と放電ダイオードＢｎ０と電流制限回路６を含み、列制御スイッチＡｎ０は、電流制限回路６に直結され、この電流制限回路６および各単電池ｎａ、ｎｂ、・・・、ｎｎと直列に接続される。 The number of column control circuits 10C, 20C,..., N0C is the same as the number of battery circuit columns 100, 200,. It is connected to a position close to the charge / discharge circuit line 102P. These column control circuits 10 C , 20 C ,..., N0C are similarly configured. The column control circuit 10C includes a column control switch A10, a discharge diode B10, and a current limiting circuit 6. The column control switch A10 is directly connected to the current limiting circuit 6, and is connected in series with the current limiting circuit 6 and each of the single cells 1a, 1b,. The column control circuit 20C includes a column control switch A20, a discharge diode B20, and a current limiting circuit 6. The column control switch A20 is directly connected to the current limiting circuit 6, and the current limiting circuit 6 and each of the single cells 2a, 2b,. .. Connected in series with 2n. The column control circuit n0C includes a column control switch An0, a discharge diode Bn0, and a current limiting circuit 6. The column control switch An0 is directly connected to the current limiting circuit 6, and the current limiting circuit 6 and each single cell na, nb,. .., connected in series with nn.

列制御スイッチＡ１０、Ａ２０、・・・、Ａｎ０は、例えばｐ−ｎ−ｐタイプのＩＧＢＴで構成され、それぞれのコレクタ端子が正側充放電電路線１０２Ｐに向く極性で配置される。放電ダイオードＢ１０、Ｂ２０、・・・、Ｂｎ０はこれと逆の極性で、カソードが正側充電電路線１０２Ｐに向く極性で配置される。   The column control switches A10, A20,..., An0 are configured by, for example, a pnp type IGBT, and each collector terminal is arranged with a polarity toward the positive charge / discharge circuit line 102P. Discharge diodes B10, B20,..., Bn0 are arranged with the opposite polarity, with the cathode facing the positive charging electric line 102P.

電流制限回路６は、電池回路列１００、２００、・・・、ｎ００のそれぞれを流れる充電電流を定電流値Ｉに制限する。この電流制限回路６は、例えば電池回路列１００、２００、・・・、ｎ００の充電電流を検出し、それが定電流値Ｉから上昇しようとするときに、それを定電流値Ｉに制限する検出形の電流制限回路で構成されるが、各電池回路列１００、２００、・・・、ｎ００に定電流値Ｉを供給する定電流源形の電流制限回路で構成することもできる。   The current limiting circuit 6 limits the charging current flowing through each of the battery circuit arrays 100, 200,..., N00 to a constant current value I. The current limiting circuit 6 detects, for example, the charging current of the battery circuit arrays 100, 200,..., N00, and limits it to the constant current value I when it is going to rise from the constant current value I. Although constituted by a detection type current limiting circuit, it can also be constituted by a constant current source type current limiting circuit for supplying a constant current value I to each battery circuit array 100, 200,..., N00.

電池制御回路１１Ｃは、列制御回路１０Ｃと単電池１ａとの間に配置され、単電池１ａを制御する。電池制御回路１２Ｃは、単電池１ａ、１ｂの間に配置され、単電池１ｂを制御する。電池制御回路１ｎＣは、単電池１ｎ−１、１ｎの間に配置され、単電池１ｎを制御する。同様に、電池制御回路２１Ｃは、列制御回路２０Ｃと単電池２ａとの間に配置され、単電池２ａを制御する。電池制御回路２２Ｃは、単電池２ａ、２ｂの間に配置され、単電池２ｂを制御する。電池制御回路２ｎＣは、単電池２ｎ−１、２ｎの間に配置され、単電池２ｎを制御する。同様に、電池制御回路ｎ１Ｃは、列制御回路ｎ０Ｃと単電池ｎａとの間に配置され、単電池ｎａを制御する。電池制御回路ｎ２Ｃは、単電池ｎａ、ｎｂの間に配置され、単電池ｎｂを制御する。電池制御回路ｎｎＣは、単電池ｎｎ−１、ｎｎの間に配置され、単電池ｎｎを制御する。   The battery control circuit 11C is disposed between the column control circuit 10C and the unit cells 1a, and controls the unit cells 1a. The battery control circuit 12C is disposed between the single cells 1a and 1b and controls the single cell 1b. The battery control circuit 1nC is disposed between the single cells 1n-1 and 1n and controls the single cell 1n. Similarly, the battery control circuit 21C is disposed between the column control circuit 20C and the unit cells 2a, and controls the unit cells 2a. The battery control circuit 22C is disposed between the single cells 2a and 2b and controls the single cell 2b. The battery control circuit 2nC is disposed between the single cells 2n-1 and 2n, and controls the single cell 2n. Similarly, the battery control circuit n1C is disposed between the column control circuit n0C and the single cell na, and controls the single cell na. The battery control circuit n2C is disposed between the single cells na and nb and controls the single cell nb. The battery control circuit nnC is arranged between the single cells nn−1 and nn and controls the single cell nn.

電池制御回路１１Ｃ、１２Ｃ、・・・、１ｎＣ、２１Ｃ、２２Ｃ、・・・、２ｎＣ、・・・、ｎ１Ｃ、ｎ２Ｃ、・・・ｎｎＣの数は、単電池１ａ、１ｂ、・・・、１ｎ、２ａ、２ｂ、・・・、２ｎ、・・・、ｎａ、ｎｂ、・・・、ｎｎと同数であり、互いに同様に構成される。電池制御回路１１Ｃは、充電制御スイッチＡ１１と放電ダイオードＢ１１とバイパススイッチＣ１１を含み、電池制御回路１２Ｃは、充電制御スイッチＡ１２と放電ダイオードＢ１２とバイパススイッチＣ１２を含み、電池制御回路１ｎＣは、充電制御スイッチＡ１ｎと放電ダイオードＢ１ｎとバイパススイッチＣ１ｎを含む。電池制御回路２１Ｃは、充電制御スイッチＡ２１と放電ダイオードＢ２１とバイパススイッチＣ２１を含み、電池制御回路２２Ｃは、充電制御スイッチＡ２２と放電ダイオードＢ２２とバイパススイッチＣ２２を含み、電池制御回路２ｎＣは、充電制御スイッチＡ２ｎと放電ダイオードＢ２ｎとバイパススイッチＣ２ｎを含む。同様に、電池制御回路ｎ１Ｃは、充電制御スイッチＡｎ１と放電ダイオードＢｎ１とバイパススイッチＣｎ１を含み、電池制御回路ｎ２Ｃは、充電制御スイッチＡｎ２と放電ダイオードＢｎ２とバイパススイッチＣｎ２を含み、電池制御回路ｎｎＣは、充電制御スイッチＡｎｎと放電ダイオードＢｎｎとバイパススイッチＣｎｎを含む。   Battery control circuits 11C, 12C, ..., 1nC, 21C, 22C, ..., 2nC, ..., n1C, n2C, ... nnC are the number of unit cells 1a, 1b, ..., 1n 2a, 2b,..., 2n,..., Na, nb,. The battery control circuit 11C includes a charge control switch A11, a discharge diode B11, and a bypass switch C11. The battery control circuit 12C includes a charge control switch A12, a discharge diode B12, and a bypass switch C12. The battery control circuit 1nC includes a charge control. It includes a switch A1n, a discharge diode B1n, and a bypass switch C1n. The battery control circuit 21C includes a charge control switch A21, a discharge diode B21, and a bypass switch C21. The battery control circuit 22C includes a charge control switch A22, a discharge diode B22, and a bypass switch C22. The battery control circuit 2nC includes a charge control. It includes a switch A2n, a discharge diode B2n, and a bypass switch C2n. Similarly, the battery control circuit n1C includes a charge control switch An1, a discharge diode Bn1, and a bypass switch Cn1, the battery control circuit n2C includes a charge control switch An2, a discharge diode Bn2, and a bypass switch Cn2, and the battery control circuit nnC , A charge control switch Ann, a discharge diode Bnn, and a bypass switch Cnn.

充電制御スイッチＡ１１、Ａ１２、・・・、Ａ１ｎ、Ａ２１、Ａ２２、・・・、Ａ２ｎ、・・・、Ａｎ１、Ａｎ２、・・・、Ａｎｎは、例えばｐ−ｎ−ｐタイプのＩＧＢＴにより構成され、それぞれコレクタ端子が正側充放電電路線１０２Ｐに向く同じ極性で、各電池回路列１００、２００、・・・、ｎ００に、それらの各電池回路列に含まれる各単電池と直列に接続される。放電ダイオードＢ１１、Ｂ１２、・・・、Ｂ１ｎ、Ｂ２１、Ｂ２２、・・・Ｂ２ｎ、・・・、Ｂｎ１、Ｂｎ２、・・・、Ｂｎｎは、各充電制御スイッチＡ１１、Ａ１２、・・・、Ａ１ｎ、Ａ２１、Ａ２２、・・・、Ａ２ｎ、・・・、Ａｎ１、Ａｎ２、・・・、Ａｎｎのそれぞれと逆の極性で、それぞれのカソード端子が正側充放電電路線１０２Ｐに向く同じ極性で並列に接続される。 The charge control switches A11, A12, ..., A1n, A21, A22, ..., A2n, ..., An1, An2, ..., Ann are composed of, for example, a pnp type IGBT. The collector terminals are connected in series with the individual cells included in each of the battery circuit arrays 100, 200,..., N00 with the same polarity facing the positive charge / discharge circuit line 102P. The Discharge diodes B11, B12, ..., B1n, B21, B22, ... B2n , ... , Bn1 , Bn2, ..., Bnn are charge control switches A11, A12, ..., A1n. , A21, A22,..., A2n,..., An1, An2,..., Ann, and each cathode terminal is parallel with the same polarity facing the positive charge / discharge circuit line 102P. Connected to.

バイパススイッチＣ１１、Ｃ１２、・・・、Ｃ１ｎ、Ｃ２１、Ｃ２２、・・・、Ｃ２ｎ、・・・、Ｃｎ１、Ｃｎ２、・・・、Ｃｎｎは、例えばｐ−ｎ−ｐタイプのＩＧＢＴにより構成され、それぞれ対応する単電池１ａ、１ｂ、・・・、１ｎ、２ａ、２ｂ、・・・、２ｎ、・・・、ｎａ、ｎｂ、・・・、ｎｎと、充電制御スイッチＡ１１、Ａ１２、・・・、Ａ１ｎ、Ａ２１、Ａ２２、・・・、Ａ２ｎ、・・・、Ａｎ１、Ａｎ２、・・・、Ａｎｎとの直列回路に並列に接続される。このバイパススイッチＣ１１、Ｃ１２、・・・、Ｃ１ｎ、Ｃ２１、Ｃ２２、・・・、Ｃ２ｎ、・・・、Ｃｎ１、Ｃｎ２、・・・、Ｃｎｎは、対応する充電制御スイッチＡ１１、Ａ１２、・・・、Ａ１ｎ、Ａ２１、Ａ２２、・・・、Ａ２ｎ、・・・、Ａｎ１、Ａｎ２、・・・、Ａｎｎと同じ極性で、それぞれのコレクタ端子が、対応する充電制御スイッチＡ１１、Ａ１２、・・・、Ａ１ｎ、Ａ２１、Ａ２２、・・・、Ａ２ｎ、・・・、Ａｎ１、Ａｎ２、・・・、Ａｎｎのコレクタ端子に接続される。 The bypass switches C11, C12, ..., C1n, C21 , C22, ..., C2n, ..., Cn1, Cn2, ..., Cnn are constituted by, for example, pnp type IGBTs. , 1n, 2a, 2b, ..., 2n, ..., na, nb, ..., nn, and charge control switches A11, A12, ... , A1n, A21, A22,..., A2n,..., An1, An2,. This bypass switch C11, C12, ..., C1n, C21, C22, ..., C2n, ..., Cn1, Cn2, ..., Cnn is a corresponding charge control switch A11, A12, ... , A1n, A21, A22,..., A2n,..., An1, An2, ..., Ann, and each collector terminal has a corresponding charge control switch A11, A12,. A1n, A21, A22, ..., A2n, ..., An1, An2, ..., Ann are connected to the collector terminals.

各電圧検出器５は、単電池１ａ、１ｂ、・・・、１ｎ、２ａ、２ｂ、・・・、２ｎ、・・・、ｎａ、ｎｂ、・・・、ｎｎのそれぞれの端子電圧を検出するように接続され、それぞれ対応する単電池１ａ、１ｂ、・・・、１ｎ、２ａ、２ｂ、・・・、２ｎ、・・・、ｎａ、ｎｂ、・・・、ｎｎが充電完了電圧に達したときに、充電完了検出信号Ｓ１を制御部３に供給する。   Each voltage detector 5 detects the terminal voltage of each of the cells 1a, 1b, ..., 1n, 2a, 2b, ..., 2n, ..., na, nb, ..., nn. , 1n, 2a, 2b,..., 2n,..., Na, nb,. Sometimes, the charging completion detection signal S1 is supplied to the control unit 3.

制御部３は、各電圧検出器５からの充電完了検出信号Ｓ１を受けたときに、それぞれの電圧検出器５に対応する電池制御回路１１Ｃ、１２Ｃ、・・・、１ｎＣ、２１Ｃ、２２Ｃ、・・・、２ｎＣ、・・・、ｎ１Ｃ、ｎ２Ｃ、・・・ｎｎＣに、充電停止信号Ｓ２を供給する。この充電停止信号Ｓ２は、それぞれの電圧検出器５に対応するバイパススイッチＣ１１、Ｃ１２、・・・、Ｃ１ｎ、Ｃ２１、Ｃ２２、・・・、Ｃ２ｎ、・・・、Ｃｎ１、Ｃｎ２、・・・、Ｃｎｎをオフからオンに制御するとともに、それぞれの電圧検出器５に対応する充電制御スイッチＡ１１、Ａ１２、・・・、Ａ１ｎ、Ａ２１、Ａ２２、・・・、Ａ２ｎ、・・・、Ａｎ１、Ａｎ２、・・・、Ａｎｎをオンからオフに制御する。 When the control unit 3 receives the charging completion detection signal S1 from each voltage detector 5, the battery control circuits 11C, 12C,..., 1nC, 21C, 22C,. .., 2nC,..., N1C, n2C,. The charge stop signal S2, the bypass switch C11, C12 corresponding to the respective voltage detectors 5, ···, C1n, C21, C22, ···, C2n, ···, Cn 1, Cn2, ··· , Cnn from off to on, and charge control switches A11, A12,..., A1n, A21, A22,..., A2n,. ..., Ann is controlled from on to off.

制御部３は、また各電池回路列１００、２００、・・・、ｎ００のそれぞれにおいて、すべての単電池１ａ、１ｂ、・・・、１ｎ、２ａ、２ｂ、・・・、２ｎ、・・・、またはｎａ、ｎｂ、・・、ｎｎが充電完了電圧に達したときに、列制御信号Ｓ３を発生し、この列制御信号Ｓ３をそれぞれ対応する列制御回路１０Ｃ、２０Ｃ、・・・、ｎ０Ｃに供給する。この列制御信号Ｓ３は、対応する列制御スイッチＡ１０、Ａ２０、・・・、Ａｎ０をオンからオフに制御する。 The control unit 3 also includes all the unit cells 1a, 1b, ..., 1n, 2a, 2b, ..., 2n, ... in each of the battery circuit arrays 100, 200, ..., n00. , Or when na, nb,..., Nn reach the charge completion voltage, a column control signal S3 is generated, and this column control signal S3 is respectively supplied to the corresponding column control circuit 10 C , 20 C ,. n0 C. This column control signal S3 controls the corresponding column control switches A10, A20,..., An0 from on to off.

次に図２を参照して実施の形態１の動作について説明する。図２は、実施の形態１の充電動作説明用図表である。図２において、最上段には横方向に、列制御スイッチＡ１０、・・・、Ａｎ０、充電制御スイッチＡ１１、Ａ１２、・・・Ａ１ｎ、・・・、Ａｎ１、Ａｎ２、・・・ＡｎｎおよびバイパススイッチＣ１１、Ｃ１２、・・・、Ｃ１ｎ、・・・、Ｃｎ１、Ｃｎ２、・・・、Ｃｎｎが配置される。 Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a chart for explaining the charging operation of the first embodiment. In Figure 2, the horizontal direction is placed on the upper, column control switches A10, · · ·, AN0, charge control switch A11, A12, ··· A1n, ··· , An1, An2, ··· Ann and bypass switch C11, C12,..., C1n,..., Cn1, Cn2,.

図２の最左欄には縦方向にモードＳＳ、１Ａ、１Ｂ、１Ｎ、・・・、ＮＡ、ＮＢ、ＮＮが配置される。モードＳＳは充電初期を、モード１ＡはモードＳＳにおいて単電池１ａが充電完了電圧に達した状態を、モード１Ｂはモード１Ａにおいて、さらに単電池１ｂが充電完了状態に達した状態を、またモード１Ｎは単電池１ａ、１ｂ、・・・、１（ｎ−１）が充電完了電圧に達した状態において、単電池１ｎが充電完了電圧に達した状態をそれぞれ示す。このモード１Ｎは電池回路列１００のすべての単電池１ａ、１ｂ、・・・、１ｎが充電完了状態に達した状態を意味する。   In the leftmost column of FIG. 2, modes SS, 1A, 1B, 1N,..., NA, NB, and NN are arranged in the vertical direction. Mode SS is the initial charge state, mode 1A is the mode SS in which the unit cell 1a has reached the charge completion voltage, mode 1B is in mode 1A, and the unit cell 1b has been in the charge completion state, and mode 1N Indicates a state in which the unit cell 1n has reached the charge completion voltage in a state in which the unit cells 1a, 1b,..., 1 (n−1) have reached the charge completion voltage. This mode 1N means a state in which all the single cells 1a, 1b,.

モードＮＡは電池回路列１００、２００、・・・、（ｎ−１）００におけるすべての単電池１ａ、１ｂ、・・・、１ｎ、２ａ、２ｂ、・・・、２ｎ、・・・、（ｎ−１）ａ、（ｎ−１）ｂ、・・・、（ｎ−１）ｎが充電完了電圧に達した状態において、単電池ｎａが充電完了電圧に達した状態を、モードＮＢはモードＮＡにおいて単電池ｎｂが充電完了電圧に達した状態を、またモードＮＮは、電池回路列１００、２００、・・・、（ｎ−１）００におけるすべての単電池１ａ、１ｂ、・・・、１ｎ、２ａ、２ｂ、・・・、２ｎ、・・・、（ｎ−１）ａ、（ｎ−１）ｂ、・・・、（ｎ−１）ｎと、電池回路列ｎ００における単電池ｎａ、ｎｂ、・・・、ｎ（ｎ−１）が充電完了電圧に達した状態において、単電池ｎｎが充電完了電圧に達した状態を示す。このモードＮＮはすべての電池回路列１００、２００、・・・、ｎ００におけるすべての単電池１ａ、１ｂ、・・・、１ｎ、２ａ、２ｂ、・・・、２ｎ、・・・、ｎａ、ｎｂ、・・・、ｎｎが充電完了状態に達した状態を意味する。   The mode NA is all the cells 1a, 1b, ..., 1n, 2a, 2b, ..., 2n, ..., (n) in the battery circuit array 100, 200, ..., (n-1) 00. n-1) a, (n-1) b,..., (n-1) In a state where n has reached the charging completion voltage, the mode NB is the mode in which the unit cell na has reached the charging completion voltage. The state in which the unit cell nb has reached the charging completion voltage at NA, and the mode NN is all the unit cells 1a, 1b,... In the battery circuit array 100, 200,. 1n, 2a, 2b, ..., 2n, ..., (n-1) a, (n-1) b, ..., (n-1) n, and a cell na in the battery circuit array n00 , Nb,..., N (n−1) has reached the charge completion voltage, and the cell nn has reached the charge completion voltage. It shows the state. In this mode NN, all the unit cells 1a, 1b, ..., 1n, 2a, 2b, ..., 2n, ..., na, nb in all the battery circuit arrays 100, 200, ..., n00 ,..., Means a state where nn has reached a state of completion of charging.

まず、モードＳＳでは、すべての列制御スイッチＡ１０、Ａ２０、・・・、Ａｎ０と、すべての充電制御スイッチＡ１１、Ａ１２、・・・、Ａ１ｎ、Ａ２１、Ａ２２、・・・、Ａ２ｎ、・・・、Ａｎ１、Ａｎ２、・・・、Ａｎｎがオン状態にあり、すべてのバイパススイッチＣ１１、Ｃ１２・・・、Ｃ１ｎ、Ｃ２１、Ｃ２２、・・・、Ｃ２ｎ、・・・、Ｃｎ１、Ｃｎ２、・・・、Ｃｎｎがオフ状態にある。この状態では、充電器２から、正側接続電路線１０１Ｐ、正側充放電電路線１０２Ｐ、負側接続電路線１０１Ｎ、負側充放電電路線１０２Ｎを介して、すべての単電池１ａ、１ｂ、・・・、１ｎ、２ａ、２ｂ、・・・、２ｎ、・・・、ｎａ、ｎｂ、・・・、ｎｎに定電流値Ｉの充電電流が供給され、これらのすべての単電池の充電が行なわれる。   First, in mode SS, all the column control switches A10, A20,..., An0 and all the charge control switches A11, A12,..., A1n, A21, A22,. , An1, An2,..., Ann are in the ON state, and all bypass switches C11, C12..., C1n, C21, C22,..., C2n,. , Cnn are in the off state. In this state, all the single cells 1a, 1b, and the like are connected from the charger 2 through the positive side connection circuit line 101P, the positive side charge / discharge circuit line 102P, the negative side connection circuit line 101N, and the negative side charge / discharge circuit line 102N. .., 1n, 2a, 2b,..., 2n,..., Na, nb,. Done.

モードＳＳでは、各電池回路列１００、２００、・・・、ｎ００のそれぞれに、充電器２から定電流値Ｉの充電電流が供給され、すべての単電池１ａ、１ｂ、・・・、１ｎ、２ａ、２ｂ、・・・、２ｎ、・・・、ｎａ、ｎｂ、・・・、ｎｎがこの充電電流により定電流充電される。   In the mode SS, each battery circuit array 100, 200,..., N00 is supplied with a charging current having a constant current value I from the charger 2, and all the unit cells 1a, 1b,. 2a, 2b,..., 2n,..., Na, nb,.

モードＳＳにおいて、最初に単電池１ａが充電完了電圧４．１ボルトに達したものとし、この状態をモード１Ａとする。このモード１Ａでは、単電池１ａが充電完了電圧に達したことにより、この単電池１ａに接続された電圧検出器５が充電完了検出信号Ｓ１を発生する。この単電池１ａに対応する充電完了検出信号Ｓ１により、制御部３が電池制御回路１１Ｃに対して充電停止信号Ｓ２を供給し、そのバイパススイッチＣ１１をオフからオンに変え、充電制御スイッチＡ１１をオンからオフに変える。   In mode SS, it is assumed that the unit cell 1a first reaches the charge completion voltage of 4.1 volts, and this state is referred to as mode 1A. In this mode 1A, when the unit cell 1a reaches the charging completion voltage, the voltage detector 5 connected to the unit cell 1a generates the charging completion detection signal S1. In response to the charge completion detection signal S1 corresponding to the unit cell 1a, the control unit 3 supplies a charge stop signal S2 to the battery control circuit 11C, changes the bypass switch C11 from off to on, and turns on the charge control switch A11. To turn off.

このモード１Ａでは、電池回路列１００において、単電池１ａと充電制御スイッチＡ１１がバイパススイッチＣ１１により短絡され、定電流値Ｉの充電電流は単電池１ａをバイパスし、他の単電池１ｂ、・・・、１ｎに供給され、これらの単電池の充電が続く。バイパススイッチＣ１１により単電池１ａと充電制御スイッチＡ１１とが短絡されるが、電池回路列１００を流れる定電流値Ｉは、列制御回路１０Ｃの電流制限回路６により上昇を抑えられ、所定の定電流値Ｉが維持される。 In this mode 1A, in the battery circuit array 100, the unit cell 1a and the charge control switch A11 are short-circuited by the bypass switch C11, and the charging current of the constant current value I bypasses the unit cell 1a, and other unit cells 1b,.・ Supplied to 1n and charging of these cells continues. The unit cell 1a and the charge control switch A11 are short-circuited by the bypass switch C11. However, the constant current value I flowing through the battery circuit array 100 is suppressed from being increased by the current limiting circuit 6 of the column control circuit 10C, and a predetermined constant current is supplied. The value I is maintained.

モード１Ａにおいて、次に単電池１ｂが充電完了電圧４．１ボルトに達したものとし、この状態をモード１Ｂとする。このモード１Ｂでは、単電池１ｂが充電完了電圧に達したことにより、この単電池１ｂに接続された電圧検出器５が充電完了検出信号Ｓ１を発生する。この単電池１ｂに対応する充電完了検出信号Ｓ１により、制御部３が電池制御回路１２Ｃに対して充電停止信号Ｓ２を供給し、そのバイパススイッチＣ１２をオフからオンに変え、充電制御スイッチＡ１２をオンからオフに変える。 In mode 1A, next, it is assumed that the cell 1b has reached the charging completion voltage of 4.1 volts, and this state is referred to as mode 1B. In this mode 1B, when the unit cell 1b reaches the charging completion voltage, the voltage detector 5 connected to the unit cell 1b generates the charging completion detection signal S1. In response to the charging completion detection signal S1 corresponding to the single cell 1b, the control unit 3 supplies a charging stop signal S2 to the battery control circuit 12C, changes the bypass switch C12 from off to on, and turns on the charging control switch A12. To turn off.

モード１Ｂでは、電池回路列１００において、単電池１ａ、１ｂと充電制御スイッチＡ１１、Ａ１２がバイパススイッチＣ１１、Ｃ１２により短絡され、定電流値Ｉの充電電流は単電池１ａ、１ｂをバイパスし、他の単電池１ｃ、・・・、１ｎに供給され、これらの単電池の充電が続く。バイパススイッチＣ１２により単電池１ｂと充電制御スイッチＡ１２とが短絡されても、電池回路列１００を流れる定電流値Ｉは、列制御回路１０Ｃの電流制限回路６により上昇を抑えられ、モード１Ｎに達するまでは、定電流値Ｉが維持され、この定電流値Ｉにより充電が完了していない単電池が定電流充電される。 In the mode 1B, in the battery circuit array 100, the cells 1a and 1b and the charge control switches A11 and A12 are short-circuited by the bypass switches C11 and C12, and the charging current of the constant current value I bypasses the cells 1a and 1b. Are supplied to the single cells 1c,..., 1n, and charging of these single cells continues. Even if the unit cell 1b and the charge control switch A12 are short-circuited by the bypass switch C12, the constant current value I flowing through the battery circuit array 100 is suppressed from rising by the current limiting circuit 6 of the column control circuit 10C and reaches mode 1N. Until this time, the constant current value I is maintained, and the unit cell that has not been charged by the constant current value I is charged with constant current.

電池回路列１００における単電池１ａ、１ｂ、・・・、１（ｎー１）がすべて充電完了電圧４．１ボルトに達し、それらに対応するバイパススイッチＣ１１、Ｃ１２、・・・、Ｃ１（ｎ−１）がオンとなり、またそれらに対応する充電制御スイッチＡ１１、Ａ１２、・・・、Ａ１（ｎ−１）がオフとなった状態において、単電池１ｎが充電完了電圧４．１ボルトに達するものとし、この状態をモード１Ｎとする。このモード１Ｎでは、電池回路列１００の全体の端子電圧がｎ×４．１ボルトに達する。このモード１Ｎでは、単電池１ｎが充電完了電圧に達したことにより、この単電池１ｎに接続された電圧検出器５が充電完了検出信号Ｓ１を発生する。この単電池１ｎに対応する充電完了検出信号Ｓ１により、制御部３が電池制御回路１ｎＣに対して充電停止信号Ｓ２を供給し、そのバイパススイッチＣ１ｎをオフからオンに変え、充電制御スイッチＡ１ｎをオンからオフに変える。併せて、モード１Ｎでは、電池回路列１００のすべての単電池１ａ、１ｂ、・・・、１ｎが充電完了電圧に達したことにより、制御部３は、電池制御回路１ｎＣに対する充電停止信号Ｓ２を発生した直後に、列制御回路１０Ｃに対する列制御信号Ｓ３を発生し、この列制御信号Ｓ３により、列制御スイッチＡ１０がオンからオフに変えられる。この列制御スイッチＡ１０のオフにより、電池回路列１００のすべてのバイパススイッチＣ１１、Ｃ１２、・・・、Ｃ１ｎがオンからオフに変えられる。 All of the cells 1a, 1b,..., 1 (n−1) in the battery circuit array 100 reach the charging completion voltage of 4.1 volts, and the corresponding bypass switches C11, C12,. -1) is turned on, and the corresponding charging control switches A11, A12,..., A1 (n-1) are turned off, the unit cell 1n reaches the charging completion voltage of 4.1 volts. This state is referred to as mode 1N. In this mode 1N, the entire terminal voltage of the battery circuit array 100 reaches n × 4.1 volts. In this mode 1N, when the unit cell 1n reaches the charge completion voltage, the voltage detector 5 connected to the unit cell 1n generates the charge completion detection signal S1. In response to the charging completion detection signal S1 corresponding to the unit cell 1n, the control unit 3 supplies a charging stop signal S2 to the battery control circuit 1nC, changes the bypass switch C1n from off to on, and turns on the charging control switch A1n. To turn off. At the same time, in the mode 1N, when all the single cells 1a, 1b,..., 1n of the battery circuit array 100 have reached the charge completion voltage, the control unit 3 performs the charge stop signal S 2 for the battery control circuit 1nC. Immediately after generating the column control signal S3, the column control signal S3 for the column control circuit 10C is generated, and the column control signal S3 changes the column control switch A10 from on to off. By turning off the column control switch A10, all the bypass switches C11, C12,..., C1n of the battery circuit row 100 are changed from on to off.

列制御スイッチＡ１０がオフとなることにより、電池回路列１００に対する定電流値Ｉの充電電流は、列制御スイッチＡ１０により遮断されるので、電池回路列１００のすべてのバイパススイッチＣ１１、Ｃ１２、・・・、Ｃ１ｎがオンとなることにより、残りの電池回路列２００、・・・、ｎ００に対する定電流値Ｉの充電電流が低下する不都合も解消する。また、この電池回路列１００に対する充電電流Ｉの遮断に伴なう、他の電池回路列２００、３００、・・・、ｎ００に対する定電流値Ｉの上昇は、これらの各電池回路列２００、３００、・・・、ｎ００における列制御回路２０Ｃ、３０Ｃ、・・・、ｎ０Ｃの電流制限回路６により抑えられ、所定の定電流値Ｉが維持される。 When the column control switch A10 is turned off, the charging current of the constant current value I for the battery circuit row 100 is interrupted by the column control switch A10, so that all the bypass switches C11, C12,. -When C1n is turned on, the inconvenience that the charging current of the constant current value I with respect to the remaining battery circuit rows 200,. Further, the increase in the constant current value I for the other battery circuit arrays 200, 300,..., N00 accompanying the interruption of the charging current I for the battery circuit array 100 is caused by the battery circuit arrays 200, 300. ,..., N00 are suppressed by the current control circuit 6 of the column control circuits 20C, 30C,..., N0C, and a predetermined constant current value I is maintained.

モード１Ｎにおいて、電池回路列２００における単電池２ａ、２ｂ、・・・、２ｎが順次充電完了電圧４．１ボルトに達した場合にも、前記と同様に動作する。 In the mode 1N, when the single cells 2a, 2b,..., 2n in the battery circuit array 200 sequentially reach the charging completion voltage of 4.1 volts, the same operation as described above is performed.

電池回路列１００、２００、・・・、（ｎ−１）００におけるすべての単電池１ａ、１ｂ、・・・、１ｎ、２ａ、２ｂ、・・・、２ｎ、・・・、（ｎー１）ａ、（ｎ−１）ｂ、・・・、（ｎ−１）ｎが充電完了電圧４．１ボルトに達した状態において、電池回路列ｎ００における単電池ｎａが充電完了電圧４．１ボルトに達するものとし、この状態をモードＮＡとする。このモードＮＡでは、単電池ｎａが充電完了電圧に達したことにより、この単電池ｎａに接続された電圧検出器５が充電完了検出信号Ｓ１を発生する。この単電池ｎａに対応する充電完了検出信号Ｓ１により、制御部３が電池制御回路ｎ１Ｃに対して充電停止信号Ｓ２を供給し、そのバイパススイッチＣｎ１をオフからオンに変え、充電制御スイッチＡｎ１をオンからオフに変える。 All the cells 1a, 1b, ..., 1n, 2a, 2b, ..., 2n, ..., (n-1) in the battery circuit array 100, 200, ..., (n-1) 00 ) A, (n−1) b,..., (N−1) n reaches a charging completion voltage of 4.1 volts, the unit cell na in the battery circuit array n00 has a charging completion voltage of 4.1 volts. This state is referred to as mode NA. In this mode NA, when the unit cell na reaches the charging completion voltage, the voltage detector 5 connected to the unit cell na generates the charging completion detection signal S1. In response to the charging completion detection signal S1 corresponding to the unit cell na, the control unit 3 supplies a charging stop signal S2 to the battery control circuit n1C, changes the bypass switch Cn1 from off to on, and turns on the charging control switch An1. To turn off.

このモードＮＡでは、電池回路列ｎ００において、単電池ｎａと充電制御スイッチＡｎ１がバイパススイッチＣｎ１により短絡され、定電流値Ｉの充電電流は単電池ｎａをバイパスし、他の単電池ｎｂ、・・・、ｎｎに供給され、これらの単電池の充電が続く。バイパススイッチＣｎ１により単電池ｎａと充電制御スイッチＡｎ１とが短絡されるが、電池回路列ｎ００を流れる定電流値Ｉは、列制御回路ｎ０Ｃの電流制限回路６により上昇を抑えられ、定電流値Ｉが維持される。 In this mode NA, in the battery circuit array n00, the unit cell na and the charge control switch An1 are short-circuited by the bypass switch Cn1, and the charging current of the constant current value I bypasses the unit cell na, and other unit cells nb,. • nn is supplied and charging of these cells continues. The unit cell na and the charging control switch An1 are short-circuited by the bypass switch Cn1, but the constant current value I flowing through the battery circuit array n00 is suppressed from rising by the current limiting circuit 6 of the column control circuit n0C, and the constant current value I Is maintained.

モードＮＡにおいて、次に単電池ｎｂが充電完了電圧４．１ボルトに達したものとし、この状態をモードＮＢとする。このモードＮＢでは、単電池ｎｂが充電完了電圧に達したことにより、この単電池ｎｂに接続された電圧検出器５が充電完了検出信号Ｓ１を発生する。この単電池ｎｂに対応する充電完了検出信号Ｓ１により、制御部３が電池制御回路ｎ２Ｃに対して充電停止信号Ｓ２を供給し、そのバイパススイッチＣｎ２をオフからオンに変え、充電制御スイッチＡｎ２をオンからオフに変える。 In mode NA, it is assumed that the cell nb has reached the charging completion voltage of 4.1 volts, and this state is referred to as mode NB. In this mode NB, when the cell nb reaches the charge completion voltage, the voltage detector 5 connected to the cell nb generates the charge completion detection signal S1. In response to the charge completion detection signal S1 corresponding to the single cell nb, the control unit 3 supplies a charge stop signal S2 to the battery control circuit n2C, changes the bypass switch Cn2 from off to on, and turns on the charge control switch An2. To turn off.

モードＮＢでは、電池回路列ｎ００において、単電池ｎａ、ｎｂと充電制御スイッチＡｎ１、Ａｎ２がバイパススイッチＣｎ１、Ｃｎ２により短絡され、定電流値Ｉの充電電流は単電池ｎａ、ｎｂをバイパスし、他の単電池ｎｃ、・・・、ｎｎに供給され、これらの単電池の充電が続く。バイパススイッチＣｎ２により単電池ｎｂと充電制御スイッチＡｎ２とが短絡されても、電池回路列ｎ００を流れる定電流値Ｉは、列制御回路ｎ０Ｃの電流制限回路６により上昇を抑えられ、モードＮＮに達するまでは、定電流値Ｉが維持され、この定電流値Ｉにより充電が完了していない単電池が定電流充電される。 In the mode NB, in the battery circuit array n00, the single cells na and nb and the charge control switches An1 and An2 are short-circuited by the bypass switches Cn1 and Cn2, and the charging current of the constant current value I bypasses the single cells na and nb. , Nn, and the charging of these cells continues. Even if the cell nb and the charging control switch An2 are short-circuited by the bypass switch Cn2, the constant current value I flowing through the battery circuit column n00 is suppressed from rising by the current limiting circuit 6 of the column control circuit n0C and reaches the mode NN. Until this time, the constant current value I is maintained, and the unit cell that has not been charged by the constant current value I is charged with constant current.

電池回路列ｎ００における単電池ｎａ、ｎｂ、・・・、ｎ（ｎー１）がすべて充電完了電圧４．１ボルトに達し、それらに対応するバイパススイッチＣｎ１、Ｃｎ２、・・・、Ｃｎ（ｎ−１）がオンとなり、またそれらに対応する充電制御スイッチＡｎ１、Ａｎ２、・・・、Ａｎ（ｎ−１）がオフとなった状態において、単電池ｎｎが充電完了電圧４．１ボルトに達するものとし、この状態をモードＮＮとする。このモードＮＮでは、電池回路列ｎ００の全体の端子電圧もｎ×４．１ボルトに達する。このモードＮＮでは、単電池ｎｎが充電完了電圧に達したことにより、この単電池ｎｎに接続された電圧検出器５が充電完了検出信号Ｓ１を発生する。この単電池ｎｎに対応する充電完了検出信号Ｓ１により、制御部３が電池制御回路ｎｎＣに対して充電停止信号Ｓ２を供給し、そのバイパススイッチＣｎｎをオフからオンに変え、充電制御スイッチＡｎｎをオンからオフに変える。併せて、モードＮＮでは、電池回路列ｎ００のすべての単電池１ａ、１ｂ、・・・、１ｎが充電完了電圧に達したことにより、制御部３は、電池制御回路ｎｎＣに対する充電停止信号Ｓ２を発生した直後に、列制御回路ｎ０Ｃに対する列制御信号Ｓ３を発生し、この列制御信号Ｓ３により、列制御スイッチＡｎ０がオンからオフに変えられる。この列制御スイッチＡｎ０のオフにより、電池回路列ｎ００のすべてのバイパススイッチＣｎ１、Ｃｎ２、・・・、Ｃｎｎがオンからオフに変えられる。 , N (n−1) in the battery circuit array n00 all reach the charging completion voltage of 4.1 volts, and the corresponding bypass switches Cn1, Cn2,..., Cn (n -1) is turned on, and the corresponding charging control switches An1, An2,..., An (n-1) are turned off, the cell nn reaches the charging completion voltage of 4.1 volts. This state is referred to as mode NN. In this mode NN, the overall terminal voltage of the battery circuit array n00 also reaches n × 4.1 volts. In this mode NN, when the cell nn reaches the charge completion voltage, the voltage detector 5 connected to the cell nn generates the charge completion detection signal S1. In response to the charging completion detection signal S1 corresponding to the unit cell nn, the control unit 3 supplies a charging stop signal S2 to the battery control circuit nnC, changes the bypass switch Cnn from off to on, and turns on the charging control switch Ann. To turn off. At the same time, in the mode NN, when all the cells 1a, 1b,..., 1n of the battery circuit array n00 have reached the charge completion voltage, the control unit 3 performs the charge stop signal S 2 for the battery control circuit nnC. Immediately after generating, a column control signal S3 for the column control circuit n0C is generated, and the column control signal An switches the column control switch An0 from on to off. By turning off the column control switch An0, all the bypass switches Cn1, Cn2,..., Cnn of the battery circuit column n00 are changed from on to off.

列制御スイッチＡｎ０がオフとなることにより、電池回路列ｎ００に対する定電流値Ｉの充電電流は、列制御スイッチＡｎ０により遮断され、各電池回路列１００、２００、・・・、ｎ００に対する充電電流はすべて遮断され、すべての単電池に対する充電が完了する。 When the column control switch An0 is turned off, the charging current of the constant current value I for the battery circuit row n00 is cut off by the column control switch An0, and the charging current for each battery circuit row 100, 200,. All are shut off and charging for all the cells is completed.

すべての単電池１ａ、１ｂ、・・・、１ｎ、２ａ、２ｂ、・・・、２ｎ、ｎａ、ｎｂ、・・・、ｎｎが充電完了電圧４．１ボルトに達した後、これらの単電池は、充電器２により浮遊充電されながら、直流負荷４への給電に使用される。各単電池から直流負荷４への放電は、すべてのダイオードＢ１０、Ｂ１１、Ｂ１２、・・・、Ｂ１ｎ、Ｂ２０、Ｂ２１、Ｂ２２、・・・、Ｂ２ｎ、・・・、Ｂｎ０、Ｂｎ１、Ｂｎ２、・・・、Ｂｎｎを通じて行なわれる。この放電により電圧の低下した単電池は、ダイオードＢ１０、Ｂ１１、Ｂ１２、・・・、Ｂ１ｎ、Ｂ２０、Ｂ２１、Ｂ２２、・・・、Ｂ２ｎ、・・・、Ｂｎ０、Ｂｎ１、Ｂｎ２、・・・、Ｂｎｎを通じて充電される。 After all the cells 1a, 1b,..., 1n, 2a, 2b,..., 2n, na, nb,. Is used for supplying power to the DC load 4 while being floatingly charged by the charger 2. The discharge from each unit cell to the DC load 4 is performed for all the diodes B10, B11, B12,..., B1n, B20, B21, B22,..., B2n, ..., Bn0, Bn1, Bn2,. .. Performed through Bnn. The single cells whose voltage has dropped due to this discharge are diodes B10, B11, B12,..., B1n, B20, B21, B22,..., B2n, ..., Bn0, Bn1, Bn2,. It is charged through Bnn.

以上のように実施の形態１では、それぞれの単電池１ａ、１ｂ、・・・、１ｎ、２ａ、２ｂ、・・・、２ｎ、・・・、ｎａ、ｎｂ、・・・、ｎｎが充電完了電圧に達したときに、対応するバイパススイッチＣ１１、Ｃ１２、・・・、Ｃ１ｎ、Ｃ２１、Ｃ２２、・・・、Ｃ２ｎ、・・・、Ｃｎ１、Ｃｎ２、・・・、Ｃｎｎによりバイパスされるので、早く充電完了電圧に達した単電池が過充電となる不都合を解消できる。 As described above, in the first embodiment, each cell 1a, 1b, ..., 1n, 2a, 2b, ..., 2n, ..., na, nb, ..., nn is completely charged. When the voltage is reached, it is bypassed by the corresponding bypass switch C11, C12, ..., C1n, C21, C22, ..., C2n, ..., Cn1, Cn2, ..., Cnn. It is possible to eliminate the inconvenience that a single cell that has quickly reached the charge completion voltage is overcharged.

併せて、各電池回路列１００、２００、・・・、ｎ００にそれぞれ列制御スイッチＡ１０、Ａ２０、・・・、Ａｎ０と電流制限回路６を設けたので、それぞれの単電池が対応するバイパススイッチによりバイパスされた場合に、同じ電池回路列の充電が完了していない他の単電池への充電電流が増大する不都合も改善することができ、またそれぞれの電池回路列のすべての単電池の充電が完了した場合に、充電が完了していない単電池を含む電池回路列の充電電流が減少する不都合も改善し、各単電池を効率良く充電できる。 In addition, since each of the battery circuit rows 100, 200,..., N00 is provided with the column control switches A10, A20,..., An0 and the current limiting circuit 6, each cell has a corresponding bypass switch. When bypassed, it is possible to improve the disadvantage that the charging current to other cells not fully charged in the same battery circuit row is increased, and charging of all the cells in each battery circuit row can be improved. When completed, the disadvantage that the charging current of the battery circuit array including the single cells that have not been fully charged is reduced, and each single cell can be charged efficiently.

この発明によるリチウムイオン二次電池の充放電回路は、携帯電話機、コードレス電話機などの移動無線通信器、ビデオカメラ、ノートパソコンなどに応用される。 The charging / discharging circuit of the lithium ion secondary battery according to the present invention is applied to a mobile radio communication device such as a mobile phone and a cordless phone, a video camera, a notebook personal computer and the like.

図１は、この発明によるリチウムイオン二次電池の充放電回路の実施の形態１を示す電気回路図。FIG. 1 is an electric circuit diagram showing Embodiment 1 of a charge / discharge circuit of a lithium ion secondary battery according to the present invention. 図２は、実施の形態１の充電動作説明用図表。FIG. 2 is a chart for explaining a charging operation according to the first embodiment.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１００、２００、・・・、ｎ００：電池回路列、
１ａ、１ｂ、１ｎ、２ａ、２ｂ、２ｎ、ｎａ、ｎｂ、ｎｎ：リチウムイオン二次電池、
２：充電器、３：制御部、４：直流負荷、５：電圧検出器、６：電流制限回路、
１０Ｃ、２０Ｃ、・・・、ｎ０Ｃ：列制御回路、
Ａ１０、Ａ２０、Ａｎ０：列制御スイッチ、
１１Ｃ、１２Ｃ、１ｎＣ、２１Ｃ、２２Ｃ、２ｎＣ、ｎ１Ｃ、ｎ２Ｃ、ｎｎＣ：電池制御回路、
Ａ１１、Ａ１２、Ａ１ｎ、Ａ２１、Ａ２２、Ａ２ｎ、Ａｎ１、Ａｎ２、Ａｎｎ：充電制御スイッチ、
Ｃ１１、Ｃ１２、Ｃ１ｎ、Ｃ２１、Ｃ２２、Ｃ２ｎ、Ｃｎ１、Ｃｎ２、Ｃｎｎ：バイパススイッチ。 100, 200,..., N00: battery circuit array,
1a, 1b, 1n, 2a, 2b, 2n, na, nb, nn: lithium ion secondary battery,
2: charger, 3: control unit, 4: DC load, 5: voltage detector, 6: current limiting circuit,
10C, 20C,..., N0C: column control circuit,
A10, A20, An0: column control switch,
11C, 12C, 1nC, 21C, 22C, 2nC, n1C, n2C, nnC: battery control circuit,
A11, A12, A1n, A21, A22, A2n, An1, An2, Ann: Charge control switch,
C11, C12, C1n, C21, C22, C2n, Cn1, Cn2, Cnn: Bypass switches.

Claims (5)

互いに並列に接続された複数の電池回路列を備え、これらの各電池回路列が、それぞれ互いに直列に接続された複数のリチウムイオン二次電池を含むリチウムイオン二次電池の充放電回路であって、前記各電池回路列の各リチウムイオン二次電池にそれぞれバイパススイッチを接続し、前記リチウムイオン二次電池のそれぞれが充電完了電圧に達したときに、対応する前記バイパススイッチにより充電電流をバイパスするように構成するとともに、前記各電池回路列のそれぞれに、それに含まれる前記各リチウムイオン二次電池と直列に電流制限回路と列制御スイッチを接続し、それぞれの前記電池回路列に含まれるすべての前記リチウムイオン二次電池が充電完了電圧に達したときに、その電池回路列の前記列制御スイッチをオフとすることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池の充放電回路。   A charging / discharging circuit of a lithium ion secondary battery comprising a plurality of battery circuit arrays connected in parallel to each other, each of these battery circuit arrays including a plurality of lithium ion secondary batteries connected in series with each other. In addition, a bypass switch is connected to each lithium ion secondary battery in each battery circuit row, and when each of the lithium ion secondary batteries reaches a charging completion voltage, a charging current is bypassed by the corresponding bypass switch. And a current limiting circuit and a column control switch are connected in series with each of the lithium ion secondary batteries included in each of the battery circuit arrays, and all of the battery circuit arrays include all of the battery circuit arrays. When the lithium ion secondary battery reaches the charging completion voltage, the column control switch of the battery circuit column is turned off. Charging and discharging circuit of the lithium ion secondary battery, characterized. 請求項１記載のリチウムイオン二次電池の充放電回路であって、前記各電池回路列における前記電流制限回路と列制御スイッチに対して、それらと並列に放電ダイオードが接続されたことを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池の充放電回路。   The charge / discharge circuit for a lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein a discharge diode is connected in parallel to the current limiting circuit and the column control switch in each of the battery circuit columns. Charge / discharge circuit for lithium ion secondary battery. 請求項１記載のリチウムイオン二次電池の充放電回路であって、前記各リチウムイオン二次電池のそれぞれに、その充電電圧を検出する電圧検出器が設けられ、またこれらの各電圧検出器が制御部に接続され、この制御部により前記各バイパススイッチと前記各列制御スイッチが制御されることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池の充放電回路。   2. The charging / discharging circuit for a lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein each of the lithium ion secondary batteries is provided with a voltage detector for detecting the charging voltage, and each of the voltage detectors is A charging / discharging circuit for a lithium ion secondary battery, wherein the charging / discharging circuit is connected to a control unit and the control unit controls the bypass switches and the column control switches. 請求項３記載のリチウムイオン二次電池の充放電回路であって、前記各リチウムイオン二次電池のそれぞれに前記制御部により制御される充電制御スイッチが直列に接続され、前記各バイパススイッチが、対応する各リチウムイオン二次電池と前記充電制御スイッチに対して、それらと並列に接続されたことを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池の充放電回路。   The charge / discharge circuit for a lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 3, wherein a charge control switch controlled by the control unit is connected in series to each of the lithium ion secondary batteries, and each bypass switch is A charging / discharging circuit for a lithium ion secondary battery, wherein each of the corresponding lithium ion secondary batteries and the charge control switch are connected in parallel. 請求項４記載のリチウムイオン二次電池の充放電回路であって、前記各充電制御スイッチにも、それと並列に放電ダイオードが接続されたことを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池の充放電回路。 A charge-discharge circuit according to claim 4 lithium ion secondary battery, wherein KakuTakashi charge control switch also, the same charging and discharging circuit of the lithium ion secondary battery, characterized in that parallel to the discharge diode is connected .
JP2005142495A 2005-05-16 2005-05-16 Lithium-ion secondary battery charge / discharge circuit Expired - Fee Related JP4641862B2 (en)

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