JP4623040B2 - Temperature control device for processing machine - Google Patents

Temperature control device for processing machine Download PDF

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JP4623040B2
JP4623040B2 JP2007097147A JP2007097147A JP4623040B2 JP 4623040 B2 JP4623040 B2 JP 4623040B2 JP 2007097147 A JP2007097147 A JP 2007097147A JP 2007097147 A JP2007097147 A JP 2007097147A JP 4623040 B2 JP4623040 B2 JP 4623040B2
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temperature
tool
area
processing
cover
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JP2007185770A (en
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道博 鈴木
宏治 磯島
睦雄 峯松
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JTEKT Corp
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Description

本発明は、加工機械の温度を制御する装置に関するものである。The present invention relates to an apparatus for controlling the temperature of a processing machine.

従来、加工機械が、加工による発熱、駆動モータの発熱及び設置場所の温度変化などにより熱変形して加工精度が低下するのを防止するために、機械全体をカバーで覆い、該カバーの内部にフロン等の冷媒を使用した空調装置で温度調整した送風エアを供給するものがあった。  Conventionally, in order to prevent a processing machine from being thermally deformed due to heat generated by processing, heat generated by a drive motor, and temperature change at an installation location, the entire machine is covered with a cover, and inside the cover There is one that supplies blown air whose temperature is adjusted by an air conditioner using a refrigerant such as Freon.

上記従来装置では、工具がワークを加工して発熱量が多い加工エリアと加工エリア以外の後部エリアとを一つのカバーで覆っているので、温度変化が大きい加工エリアに温度調節された大量の送風エアを供給し、容積は大きいが温度変化の小さい後部エリアには小量の送風エアを供給しても送風エアは両エリアを流通するため、カバー内の温度を目標温度に効率的に制御することができなかった。また、主軸及び可動部を駆動する駆動モータなども全体カバーで覆っていたので、駆動モータから発生した熱を除去するために大量の送風エアを供給しなければならない不具合があった。さらに、送風エアの温度を制御する空調装置の冷媒は気体で熱容量が小さいので、送風エアの温度制御が頻繁に行なわれ、カバー内の温度が安定せず、且つ温度分布が不均一になり、送風エアが当る部分が局部的に冷やされ、又は暖められ、機械温度が安定しない問題があった。  In the above-described conventional apparatus, the tool processes the workpiece and covers the machining area where the heat generation is large and the rear area other than the machining area with a single cover, so a large amount of air blown to the machining area where the temperature change is large. Even if a small amount of blown air is supplied to the rear area where the volume is large but the temperature change is small, the blown air circulates in both areas, so the temperature in the cover is efficiently controlled to the target temperature. I couldn't. Further, since the drive motor for driving the main shaft and the movable part is also covered with the entire cover, there is a problem that a large amount of blown air must be supplied in order to remove the heat generated from the drive motor. Furthermore, since the refrigerant of the air conditioner that controls the temperature of the blown air is a gas and has a small heat capacity, the temperature control of the blown air is frequently performed, the temperature in the cover is not stable, and the temperature distribution becomes uneven, There was a problem that the part that the blown air hits was locally cooled or warmed and the machine temperature was not stable.

上記の課題を解決するため、請求項１に係る発明の構成上の特徴は、ベッド上に工具を支持する工具支持装置とワークを保持するワーク保持装置とを装架し、前記工具支持装置と前記ワーク保持装置とを相対的に移動させて工具によりワークを加工する加工機械の温度制御装置において、前記加工機械の全体をカバーで覆い、該カバーの内部を工具がワークを加工する加工エリアと加工エリア以外の後部エリアとに仕切り板によって区分し、該仕切り板の一部は水平方向に延在して前記加工エリアの天井を形成しており、温度調節された送風エアを供給するエア供給装置を設け、該エア供給装置を前記加工エリアと後部エリアに夫々接続し、前記後部エリア内に工具交換装置を配置し、前記仕切り板に前記加工エリアと前記後部エリアとを開閉可能に連通する工具交換用の扉を設けたことである。 In order to solve the above-described problem, the structural feature of the invention according to claim 1 is that a tool support device for supporting a tool and a work support device for holding a work are mounted on a bed, and the tool support device In a temperature control device of a processing machine that processes a workpiece with a tool by relatively moving the workpiece holding device, the entire processing machine is covered with a cover, and the inside of the cover includes a processing area in which the tool processes the workpiece. An air supply that divides into a rear area other than the processing area by a partition plate, a part of the partition plate extends in a horizontal direction to form a ceiling of the processing area, and supplies temperature-controlled blown air the device is provided, said by respectively connecting the air supply device to the machining area and the rear area, wherein the tool changer is arranged in the rear area, the said working area and said rear area open to the partition plate Capable is that of providing a door for tool change in communication.

請求項２に係る発明の構成上の特徴は、請求項１に記載の加工機械の温度制御装置において、前記工具交換装置は、前記加工エリアより上方で前記後部エリア内に配置され、前記工具交換用の扉は、前記仕切り板の水平方向に延在された部分に前記加工エリアと前記後部エリアとを開閉可能に連通することである。 The structural feature of the invention according to claim 2 is the temperature control device for a processing machine according to claim 1, wherein the tool changer is disposed in the rear area above the processing area, and the tool changer The door for use communicates the processing area and the rear area so as to be openable and closable with a portion of the partition plate extending in the horizontal direction .

上記のように構成した請求項１に係る発明においては、工具によりワークを加工する加工機械の温度制御装置において、加工機械全体を覆うカバーの内部を工具がワークを加工する加工エリアと加工エリア以外の後部エリアとに仕切り板によって区分し、該仕切り板の一部は水平方向に延在して前記加工エリアの天井を形成しており、加工エリアと後部エリアに温度調節された送風エアを夫々供給するようにしたので、各エリアの夫々必要な量の送風エアを供給することにより、加工機械の温度制御を精度よく安定して効率的に行うことができる。
さらに、後部エリア内に工具交換装置を配置し、仕切り板に加工エリアと後部エリアとを開閉可能に連通する工具交換用の扉を設けたので、工具交換装置によって前記扉を通って工具交換するとき以外は、加工エリア及び後部エリアを確実に区分することができる。

In the invention according to claim 1 configured as described above, in the temperature control device for a processing machine that processes a workpiece with a tool, the inside of the cover that covers the entire processing machine is a processing area where the tool processes the workpiece and other than the processing area The partition plate is divided into a rear area by a partition plate, and a part of the partition plate extends in a horizontal direction to form a ceiling of the processing area, and blown air whose temperature is adjusted to the processing area and the rear area, respectively. Since the air is supplied, by supplying a necessary amount of blown air in each area, the temperature control of the processing machine can be accurately and stably performed.
Furthermore, a tool changer is arranged in the rear area, and a tool change door is provided on the partition plate so as to open and close the processing area and the rear area, so that the tool changer can change the tool through the door. Except at times, the machining area and the rear area can be reliably separated.

上記のように構成した請求項２に係る発明においては、加工エリアより上方で後部エリ ア内に工具交換装置を配置し、仕切り板の水平方向に延在された部分に加工エリアと後部 エリアとを開閉可能に連通する工具交換用の扉を設けたので、工具交換装置によって前記 扉を通って工具交換するとき以外は、加工エリア及び後部エリアを確実に区分することができる。 In the invention according to Claim 2 as constructed above, the tool changer disposed within the rear area A above from the machining area, the machining area and the rear area in the extended portion in the horizontal direction of the partition plate Since the tool changing door that communicates with the tool can be opened and closed , the machining area and the rear area can be reliably separated except when the tool is changed through the door by the tool changing device .

以下、本発明に係る加工機械の温度制御方法を実施する加工機械の温度制御装置の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。図１乃至３において、工場の床面に掘られたピット１内に設置された加工機械であるマシニングセンタ２のベッド３上にはコラム４が水平面内でＺ軸方向に移動可能に支承され、ベッド３に回転可能に軸承された送りネジ５を有する送りネジ機構及び送りネジ５を回転駆動するサーボモータ６によりＺ軸方向に往復移動される。コラム４には、工具を支持する工具支持装置としての主軸台７が上下のＹ軸方向に移動可能に支承され、一対のサーボモータ８及び図略の送りネジ機構によりＹ軸方向に移動される。主軸台７には先端に工具Ｔが着脱自在に装着される主軸９がＺ軸方向に軸承され、主軸モータ１９により回転駆動される。  DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of a temperature control device for a processing machine that implements a temperature control method for a processing machine according to the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3, a column 4 is supported on a bed 3 of a machining center 2 which is a processing machine installed in a pit 1 dug in a factory floor so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction in a horizontal plane. 3 is reciprocally moved in the Z-axis direction by a feed screw mechanism having a feed screw 5 rotatably supported by 3 and a servo motor 6 that rotationally drives the feed screw 5. A spindle base 7 as a tool support device for supporting a tool is supported on the column 4 so as to be movable in the vertical Y-axis direction, and is moved in the Y-axis direction by a pair of servo motors 8 and a feed screw mechanism (not shown). . A spindle 9 on which a tool T is detachably mounted at the tip is supported on the spindle base 7 in the Z-axis direction and is driven to rotate by a spindle motor 19.

ベッド３にはテーブル１０がコラム４と対向してＸ軸方向に水平面内で移動可能に装架され、一対のサーボモータ１１及び図略の送りネジ機構によりＸ軸方向に往復移動されるようになっている。テーブル１０上にはチルトテーブル１２がＸ軸と平行なＡ軸回りに回動可能に支承され、サーボモータ１３により旋回駆動される。チルトテーブル１２上には、ワークを保持するワーク保持装置としての回転テーブル１４が回転可能に支承され、サーボモータによりＢ軸回りに割出し回転されるようになっている。回転テーブル１４にはワークＷが取付けられるパレットＰが着脱可能に装着され、回転テーブル１４と主軸台７とのＸ，Ｙ，Ｚ軸方向の相対移動及びＡ，Ｂ軸回りの回転によりワークＷが主軸９に装着された工具Ｔにより加工される。  A table 10 is mounted on the bed 3 so as to face the column 4 so as to be movable in a horizontal plane in the X-axis direction, and is reciprocated in the X-axis direction by a pair of servo motors 11 and a feed screw mechanism (not shown). It has become. A tilt table 12 is supported on the table 10 so as to be rotatable about an A axis parallel to the X axis, and is rotated by a servo motor 13. On the tilt table 12, a rotary table 14 as a work holding device for holding the work is rotatably supported, and is indexed and rotated around the B axis by a servo motor. A pallet P on which the workpiece W is mounted is detachably mounted on the rotary table 14, and the workpiece W is moved by relative movement between the rotary table 14 and the headstock 7 in the X, Y, and Z axis directions and rotation around the A and B axes. Processing is performed by a tool T attached to the main shaft 9.

１５はベッド３の前側にピット１内に設置されたパレットチェンジャで、２個のパレット搬入出台１５ａ，１５ｂがＸ軸方向に並んで設けられている。ワークＷの加工が完了すると、テーブル１０がＸ軸方向に移動され、Ａ，Ｂ軸回りに原位置に割り出された回転テーブル１４を一方のパレット搬入出位置と整列する位置に位置決めし、図略の搬入出装置が加工完了したワークＷを載置したパレットＰを空のパレット搬入出位置に搬出し、その後、テーブル１０はＸ軸方向に移動されて回転テーブル１４を他方のパレットＰが搬入出位置と整列する位置に位置決めし、搬入出装置が次に加工するワークＷを載置したパレットＰを回転テーブル１４上に搬入する。  A pallet changer 15 is installed in the pit 1 on the front side of the bed 3 and two pallet loading / unloading tables 15a and 15b are provided side by side in the X-axis direction. When the processing of the workpiece W is completed, the table 10 is moved in the X-axis direction, and the rotary table 14 indexed to the original position around the A and B axes is positioned at a position aligned with one pallet loading / unloading position. The pallet P on which the workpiece W on which the processing has been completed is loaded is carried out to an empty pallet carrying-in / out position, and then the table 10 is moved in the X-axis direction, and the other pallet P is loaded into the rotary table 14. The pallet P on which the workpiece W to be processed next is placed on the rotary table 14 is positioned at a position aligned with the exit position.

１６は複数の工具Ｔを着脱可能に収納する工具マガジンで、工具マガジン１６は、図２に示すように、ピット１内にコラム３の側方に設置されている。１７はコラム３の上方に装着された工具交換装置で、コラム３が工具マガジン１６と整列する後退位置に後退され、工具ヘッド６が上方の工具交換位置に上昇されたとき、次に使用する工具Ｔを工具マガジン１６から取り出し、使用済みの工具Ｔを主軸９から抜き出して両工具を交換するようになっている。  Reference numeral 16 denotes a tool magazine for detachably storing a plurality of tools T. The tool magazine 16 is installed in the pit 1 on the side of the column 3 as shown in FIG. A tool changer 17 mounted above the column 3 is retracted to a retracted position where the column 3 is aligned with the tool magazine 16, and when the tool head 6 is raised to the upper tool change position, the next tool to be used. T is taken out from the tool magazine 16, and the used tool T is extracted from the main shaft 9, and both tools are exchanged.

２０はマシニングセンタ２の全体を覆うカバーで、工具ＴがワークＷを加工する加工エリア２１と加工エリア２１以外の後部エリア２２とに内部が区分されている。即ち、カバー２０の両側壁からコラム４の両側壁に向かって前後仕切り板２３ａ，２３ｂが、ベッド３の下端からコラム４の工具交換装置１７の下方位置まで延在されている。前後仕切り板２３ａ，２３ｂの各内縁はコラム４の両側面に夫々微少隙間を有して対向し、後退端に位置するコラム４の前側が僅かに加工エリア２１に露出する位置に設けられている。  A cover 20 covers the entire machining center 2 and is divided into a processing area 21 where the tool T processes the workpiece W and a rear area 22 other than the processing area 21. That is, front and rear partition plates 23 a and 23 b extend from the lower end of the bed 3 to a position below the tool changer 17 of the column 4 from both side walls of the cover 20 toward both side walls of the column 4. The inner edges of the front and rear partition plates 23a and 23b are opposed to both side surfaces of the column 4 with a small gap, and are provided at positions where the front side of the column 4 located at the retracted end is slightly exposed to the processing area 21. .

前後仕切り板２３ａ，２３ｂの上端から上下仕切り板２４がテーブル１０側に向けて水平方向に延在され、上方に屈曲されてカバー２０の天井に接続されている。上下仕切り板２４の両端はカバー２０の両側壁に接続されている。上下仕切り板２４にはコラム４が前進するときに侵入する矩形穴２５が前後仕切り板２３ａ，２３ｂの内縁から連続して前方に形成されている。コラム１４の前面には矩形穴２５の一部を閉鎖する庇板２６が、上下仕切り板２４の上方に微小隙間を有して突設されている。上下仕切り板２４の上方には、庇板２６に当接して矩形穴２５を閉鎖する開閉板２７が装架され、開閉板２７はカバー２０の天井に固定されたシリンダ２８のピストンロッドに連結されてシリンダ２８に内臓された圧縮スプリングのばね力により後方に付勢され、庇板２６に当接されて矩形穴２５を常時は閉鎖している。開閉板２７は、コラム４が後退端に位置したとき、シリンダ２８により前方に移動されて庇板２６から開離して矩形穴２５を開放し、工具交換装置１７による工具交換を可能にしている。上下仕切り板２４は開閉板２７の前方への移動を許容するために一部がテーブル１０中央部分まで延在して上方に屈曲され、カバー２０の天井に接続されている。これによりカバー２０の内部は、前後仕切り板２３ａ，２３ｂより前方で、且つ上下仕切り板２４より下方の加工エリア２１と、加工エリア２１以外の後部エリア２２とに区分される。  The upper and lower partition plates 24 extend horizontally from the upper ends of the front and rear partition plates 23 a and 23 b toward the table 10, bent upward, and connected to the ceiling of the cover 20. Both ends of the upper and lower partition plates 24 are connected to both side walls of the cover 20. A rectangular hole 25 that enters when the column 4 moves forward is formed in the upper and lower partition plates 24 continuously from the inner edges of the front and rear partition plates 23a and 23b. On the front surface of the column 14, a gutter plate 26 that closes a part of the rectangular hole 25 protrudes above the upper and lower partition plates 24 with a minute gap. Above the upper and lower partition plates 24, an opening / closing plate 27 that abuts the flange plate 26 and closes the rectangular hole 25 is mounted, and the opening / closing plate 27 is connected to a piston rod of a cylinder 28 fixed to the ceiling of the cover 20. Thus, the rectangular spring 25 is normally closed by being urged rearward by the spring force of the compression spring built in the cylinder 28 and abutting against the flange plate 26. When the column 4 is positioned at the retracted end, the opening / closing plate 27 is moved forward by the cylinder 28 to be separated from the flange plate 26 to open the rectangular hole 25, and the tool changer 17 can change the tool. A part of the upper and lower partition plates 24 extends to the center portion of the table 10 and is bent upward in order to allow the opening / closing plate 27 to move forward, and is connected to the ceiling of the cover 20. Thus, the inside of the cover 20 is divided into a processing area 21 in front of the front and rear partition plates 23 a and 23 b and below the upper and lower partition plates 24, and a rear area 22 other than the processing area 21.

カバー２０の加工エリア２１及び後部エリア２２に夫々対応する天井には、温度調節された送風エアを供給する開度を調整可能な各一対のポート３０，３１が両側に夫々開口されている。矩形穴２５の両側縁の下方には、矩形穴２５内に侵入したコラム４の側面に上方から下方に向けて送風エアを吹き付けるために多数のエア穴が斜め下方に向けて開口された吹出しダクト３２が夫々配置され、各吹出しダクト３２は前後仕切り板２３ａ，２３ｂに後端部を固定され、パイプによりカバー２０の天井に設けられた開度を調整可能なポート３３に接続されている。カバー２０の天井の一方側に設けられたポート３０，３１，３３はパイプ３４により所定流量の送風エアを送出する空調機３５に接続され、他方側に設けられたポート３０，３１，３３はパイプ３６により空調機３５に接続されている。  A pair of ports 30, 31 that can adjust the opening degree of supplying the temperature-controlled blown air are respectively opened on both sides of the ceiling corresponding to the processing area 21 and the rear area 22 of the cover 20. Below the both side edges of the rectangular hole 25, a blowout duct in which a number of air holes are opened obliquely downward in order to blow blown air from the upper side to the lower side of the column 4 that has entered the rectangular hole 25. 32 are respectively arranged, and each blowing duct 32 is connected to a port 33 having a rear end fixed to the front and rear partition plates 23a and 23b and having an adjustable opening degree provided on the ceiling of the cover 20 by a pipe. Ports 30, 31, and 33 provided on one side of the ceiling of the cover 20 are connected to an air conditioner 35 that sends out a predetermined flow of blown air through a pipe 34, and ports 30, 31, and 33 provided on the other side are pipes. 36 is connected to the air conditioner 35.

ポート３０及び３３の各開口部断面積は、合計断面積が両ポート３０，３３から加工エリア２１に供給される送風エアの流量が加工エリア２１の発熱部の発熱量に基づいて決められた加工エリア流量を満たすとともに、ポート３０，３３の各開口部での流速が０．３ｍ／ｓ〜１．０ｍ／ｓ、好ましくは０．４ｍ／ｓ〜０．５ｍ／ｓとなるように決められている。ポート３１の開口部断面積は、ポート３１から後部エリア２２に供給される送風エアの流量が後部エリア２２の発熱部の発熱量に基づいて決められた後部エリア流量を満たすとともに、開口部での流速が０．３ｍ／ｓ〜１．０ｍ／ｓ、好ましくは０．４ｍ／ｓ〜０．５ｍ／ｓとなるように決められている。さらに、ポート３０，３１，３３の各開口部断面積は、夫々の開口部での流速が略等しくなるように決められている。  The sectional area of each opening of the ports 30 and 33 is a machining in which the total sectional area is determined based on the heat generation amount of the heat generating part of the machining area 21 in which the flow rate of the blown air supplied from both ports 30 and 33 to the machining area 21 In addition to satisfying the area flow rate, the flow velocity at each opening of the ports 30 and 33 is determined to be 0.3 m / s to 1.0 m / s, preferably 0.4 m / s to 0.5 m / s. Yes. The opening cross-sectional area of the port 31 is such that the flow rate of the blown air supplied from the port 31 to the rear area 22 satisfies the rear area flow rate determined based on the heat generation amount of the heat generating part of the rear area 22, and The flow rate is determined to be 0.3 m / s to 1.0 m / s, preferably 0.4 m / s to 0.5 m / s. Furthermore, the opening cross-sectional areas of the ports 30, 31, and 33 are determined so that the flow velocities at the respective openings are substantially equal.

カバー２０には、コラム４及びテーブル１０を駆動するサーボモータ６，１１を夫々取り囲むトンネル状のモータ隔離部４０，４１が設けられ、サーボモータ６，１１が発生する熱をサーボモータ６，１１の後端部に設けられたファンによってカバー２０の外部に排熱するようになっている。４２は主軸台７を駆動するサーボモータ８を取り囲み、且つ主軸７を回転駆動する主軸モータ１９が発生する熱を収集するようにコラム４上方を覆う排熱カバーで、カバー２０の天井にＺ軸方向に穿設された長穴４３を覆う巻取り式カバー４４を貫通してカバー外部に開口している。巻取り式カバー４４の中央部分は排熱カバー４２の周囲に気密を保って固定され、両端は長穴４３のＺ軸方向の両端部に装着された巻取り装置４５に巻き取られ、コラム４の移動に伴う排熱カバー４２のＺ方向移動に追従して移動する。  The cover 20 is provided with tunnel-shaped motor isolating portions 40 and 41 that surround the servo motors 6 and 11 that drive the column 4 and the table 10, respectively, and the heat generated by the servo motors 6 and 11 is transmitted to the servo motors 6 and 11. Heat is exhausted to the outside of the cover 20 by a fan provided at the rear end. A heat exhaust cover 42 surrounds the servo motor 8 that drives the headstock 7 and covers the top of the column 4 so as to collect heat generated by the main shaft motor 19 that rotationally drives the spindle 7. A winding-type cover 44 covering the elongated hole 43 formed in the direction is passed through and opened to the outside of the cover. The central part of the wind-up cover 44 is fixed around the exhaust heat cover 42 in an airtight manner, and both ends are wound around a winder 45 attached to both ends of the elongated hole 43 in the Z-axis direction. The exhaust heat cover 42 moves following the movement of the exhaust heat cover 42 in the Z direction.

４６は基準温度ブロックで、マシニングセンタ２のベッド３が設置されているピット１のカバー２０の外部に設置されている。これにより基準ブロック４６の設置場所はカバー２０の内部であるか外部であるかの違い以外の点では、ベッド３の設定場所と同じ条件である。基準ブロック４６の内部温度は温度計４７により測定され、その内部温度に基づいてカバー２０に供給される送風エアの温度が調節される。基準ブロック４６は加工による発熱及び駆動モータの発熱などの影響を受けることがなく、ベッド３をピット１内に放置した場合と略同じ温度になる。  A reference temperature block 46 is installed outside the cover 20 of the pit 1 where the bed 3 of the machining center 2 is installed. Thereby, the installation location of the reference block 46 is the same as the setting location of the bed 3 except for the difference between the inside and the outside of the cover 20. The internal temperature of the reference block 46 is measured by a thermometer 47, and the temperature of the blown air supplied to the cover 20 is adjusted based on the internal temperature. The reference block 46 is not affected by heat generated by processing, heat generated by the drive motor, and the like, and has substantially the same temperature as when the bed 3 is left in the pit 1.

５０はカバー２０の天井に加工エリア２１の前方両側の設けられたポートで、バキュームポンプ５１にパイプ５２で接続され、クーラントミスト、切粉等の粉塵を含んだ加工エリア２１内のエアをバキュームポンプ５１で吸い出してフィルタにより濾過してカバー２０の外部に排出する。カバー２０の前面には、パレットＰをテーブル１０とパレットチェンジャ１５との間で搬入出するための搬入出口５３が設けられ、開閉カバー５４により開閉されるようになっている。５５は工具ＴによるワークＷの加工によって生じる切粉をクーラントと分離して回収する切粉回収装置である。切粉はテーブル１０の下方でベッド１に設けられたスクリュウコンベアにより切粉回収装置５５に排出される。  Ports 50 are provided on the ceiling of the cover 20 on both front sides of the processing area 21 and are connected to a vacuum pump 51 by pipes 52 to vacuum the air in the processing area 21 containing dust such as coolant mist and chips. Suctioned out at 51, filtered through a filter, and discharged to the outside of the cover 20. On the front surface of the cover 20, a loading / unloading port 53 for loading and unloading the pallet P between the table 10 and the pallet changer 15 is provided and is opened and closed by an opening / closing cover 54. Reference numeral 55 denotes a chip collection device that separates and collects chips generated by machining the workpiece W with the tool T from the coolant. The chips are discharged to the chip collection device 55 by a screw conveyor provided on the bed 1 below the table 10.

カバー２０内に供給される送風エアを温度調節する空調機３５は、図４に示すように、冷温水を冷媒とする熱交換器６０により送風エアを冷却又は加熱して温度調節し、温度調節された所定流量の送風エアを送風機６６によりパイプ３４，３６に送出するエア温度調節部６１及び熱交換器６０を循環する冷温水の温度を制御する冷温水温度調節部６２及び制御装置６８を含んでいる。冷温水温度調節部６２は、冷温水を収容するタンク６３、タンク６３内の冷温水を冷却する冷凍機６４、過熱する電気ヒータ６５を有する。タンク６３内で温度制御された冷温水はポンプ６５により汲み上げられて熱交換器６０に送られ、空調機３５内の送風エアを温度調節してタンク６３に戻る。タンクとポンプ６５との間には熱交換器６０に送出される水量を調整する流量制御弁６７が介在されている。  As shown in FIG. 4, the air conditioner 35 that adjusts the temperature of the blown air supplied into the cover 20 cools or heats the blown air using a heat exchanger 60 that uses cold / hot water as a refrigerant to adjust the temperature. An air temperature adjusting unit 61 for sending the blown air having a predetermined flow rate to the pipes 34 and 36 by the blower 66, a cold / hot water temperature adjusting unit 62 for controlling the temperature of the cold / hot water circulating in the heat exchanger 60, and a control device 68. It is out. The cold / hot water temperature adjustment unit 62 includes a tank 63 for storing cold / hot water, a refrigerator 64 for cooling the cold / hot water in the tank 63, and an electric heater 65 for overheating. The cold / hot water whose temperature is controlled in the tank 63 is pumped up by the pump 65 and sent to the heat exchanger 60, and the temperature of the blown air in the air conditioner 35 is adjusted to return to the tank 63. Between the tank and the pump 65, a flow rate control valve 67 for adjusting the amount of water sent to the heat exchanger 60 is interposed.

制御回路６８には、温度計４７により測定された基準ブロック４６の内部温度Ts及び工場内の温度Trが温度計４７，７０により夫々測定されて入力され、制御回路６８は、基準ブロック４６の内部温度Tsをエア目標温度Tatとし、エア目標温度Tatと工場内温度Trとに基づいて熱交換器６０を循環する冷温水の冷温水目標温度Twtを算出する。タンク６３内の冷温水の温度Twが温度計７１により測定されて制御回路６８に入力され、冷温水目標温度Twtと冷温水実測温度Twとの差に基づいて冷凍機６４、電気ヒータ６５をオンオフ制御して冷温水の温度を目標温度Twtに制御する。制御装置６８にはエア温度調節部６１から送風機６６により送出された送風エアの温度Taが温度計６９により測定されて入力され、制御装置６８はエア実測温度Taとエア目標温度Tatとの差に応じて流量調整弁６７の開度を制御し、熱交換器６０を循環する冷温水の流量を制御してカバー２０内に供給する送風エアの温度を目標温度Tatに調節する。  The control circuit 68 is supplied with the internal temperature Ts of the reference block 46 measured by the thermometer 47 and the temperature Tr in the factory measured by the thermometers 47 and 70, respectively. The temperature Ts is set as the air target temperature Tat, and the cold / hot water target temperature Twt of the cold / warm water circulating through the heat exchanger 60 is calculated based on the air target temperature Tat and the factory temperature Tr. The temperature Tw of the cold / hot water in the tank 63 is measured by the thermometer 71 and input to the control circuit 68, and the refrigerator 64 and the electric heater 65 are turned on / off based on the difference between the cold / hot water target temperature Twt and the measured cold / hot water temperature Tw. To control the temperature of the cold / hot water to the target temperature Twt. The temperature 68 of the blown air sent from the air temperature adjusting unit 61 by the blower 66 is measured and inputted to the control device 68 by the thermometer 69, and the control device 68 determines the difference between the actually measured air temperature Ta and the air target temperature Tat. Accordingly, the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 67 is controlled, the flow rate of the cold / hot water circulating through the heat exchanger 60 is controlled, and the temperature of the blown air supplied into the cover 20 is adjusted to the target temperature Tat.

次に、本発明に係る工作機械の温度制御方法の実施形態を上述の装置の実施形態の作動とともに説明する。回転テーブル１４上にクランプされたパレットＰに取り付けられたワークＷと主軸９に装着された工具Ｔとは、サーボモータ６，８，１１によるコラム４、主軸台７、テーブル１０のＸ，Ｙ，Ｚ軸方向の移動、サーボモータ１３によるチルトテーブル１２の旋回及び図略のサーボモータによる回転テーブル１４の回転により相対的に移動され、工作物Ｗが工具Ｔにより加工される。加工エリア２１及び後部エリア２２には、空調機３５により温度調整された送風エアがパイプ３４，３６を通ってポート３０，３１から夫々供給される。温度調整された送風エアはパイプ３４，３６を通ってポート３３を経て各吹出しダクト３２からコラム４の両側面に向けて吹き付けられる。加工エリア２１内のクーラントミスト、切粉等の粉塵を含んだエアはバキュームポンプ５１で吸い出され、フィルタにより濾過されてカバー２０の外部に排出される。  Next, an embodiment of a temperature control method for a machine tool according to the present invention will be described together with the operation of the above-described apparatus embodiment. The workpiece W attached to the pallet P clamped on the rotary table 14 and the tool T attached to the spindle 9 include the column 4 by the servo motors 6, 8, 11, the spindle stock 7, and the X, Y, and X of the table 10. The workpiece W is moved by the tool T by the movement in the Z axis direction, the rotation of the tilt table 12 by the servo motor 13 and the rotation of the rotary table 14 by the servo motor (not shown). The processing area 21 and the rear area 22 are supplied with blown air whose temperature is adjusted by the air conditioner 35 from the ports 30 and 31 through the pipes 34 and 36, respectively. The temperature-adjusted blown air is blown through the pipes 34 and 36 through the ports 33 from the blowout ducts 32 toward both side surfaces of the column 4. Air containing dust such as coolant mist and chips in the processing area 21 is sucked out by the vacuum pump 51, filtered by a filter, and discharged to the outside of the cover 20.

基準ブロック４６の内部温度が温度計４７により測定されて目標温度Tatとして制御回路６８に入力され、空調機３５のエア温度調節部６１から送出された送風エアの温度Taが温度計６９により測定されて制御回路６８に入力される。制御回路６８は目標温度Tatとエア実測温度Taとの差に基づいて流量制御弁６７を開閉し、熱交換器６０を循環する水量を制御してエア実測温度Taがエア目標温度Tatになるように制御する。エア目標温度Tatに調節された送風エアが加工エリア２１、後部エリア２２にポート３０，３１から供給され、両エリア２１，２２内の温度がTatに維持されてマシニングセンタ２のコラム４、テーブル１０などの機械温度がTatになる。機械温度Tmはコラム４等に取り付けられた温度計４８により測定され、機械温度Tmとエア目標温度Tatとの差が設定値以下になると制御装置６８は加工準備完了信号を図略の数値制御装置に送出する。  The internal temperature of the reference block 46 is measured by the thermometer 47 and input to the control circuit 68 as the target temperature Tat, and the temperature Ta of the blown air sent from the air temperature adjustment unit 61 of the air conditioner 35 is measured by the thermometer 69. To the control circuit 68. The control circuit 68 opens and closes the flow control valve 67 based on the difference between the target temperature Tat and the air measured temperature Ta, and controls the amount of water circulating through the heat exchanger 60 so that the air measured temperature Ta becomes the air target temperature Tat. To control. The blown air adjusted to the air target temperature Tat is supplied to the processing area 21 and the rear area 22 from the ports 30 and 31, and the temperatures in both the areas 21 and 22 are maintained at Tat, so that the column 4 and the table 10 of the machining center 2 are used. The machine temperature becomes Tat. The machine temperature Tm is measured by a thermometer 48 attached to the column 4 or the like, and when the difference between the machine temperature Tm and the air target temperature Tat becomes a set value or less, the control device 68 sends a machining preparation completion signal to a numerical control device (not shown). To send.

工場内温度Tr及び基準温度Tsが、一例として図５に示すように変化した場合、上記工作機械の温度制御方法により目標温度Tatに制御された送風エアを加工エリア流量及び後部エリア流量づつ加工エリア２１及び後部エリア２２に夫々供給した結果、頭書は基準温度Tsから乖離していた加工エリア２１及び後部エリア２２内の温度延いては機械温度Tmが時間の経過とともに基準温度Tsに良好に追従し、マシニングセンタ２のベッド３、コラム４、テーブル１０等の各部位の温度が基準温度Tsと略等しくなって熱変形が減少し、加工精度が極めて向上した。そして、各ポート３０，３１，３３の開口部での送風エアの流速を０．３ｍ／ｓ〜１．０ｍ／ｓの範囲にある流速のうちの略等しい流速として、送風エアが乱流になる程度を抑えるとともに、送風エアによる機械各部位の冷却態様を同様にしたので、加工エリア２１及び後部エリア２２内の温度ムラを抑えることができて機械温度が局部的に低下することを防止できる。特に、各ポート３０，３１，３３の開口部での送風エアの流速を０．４ｍ／ｓ〜０．５ｍ／ｓの範囲内で略等しくすると、加工エリア２１及び後部エリア２２内の各所での温度ムラを極めて小さくすることができた。  When the factory temperature Tr and the reference temperature Ts change as shown in FIG. 5 as an example, the blower air controlled to the target temperature Tat by the above-described temperature control method of the machine tool is used as the machining area flow rate and the rear area flow rate. As a result of the supply to the rear area 22 and the rear area 22 respectively, the heading of the machining area 21 and the rear area 22 that deviated from the reference temperature Ts and the machine temperature Tm satisfactorily followed the reference temperature Ts over time. The temperature of each part such as the bed 3, the column 4, and the table 10 of the machining center 2 is substantially equal to the reference temperature Ts, the thermal deformation is reduced, and the processing accuracy is greatly improved. Then, the flow rate of the blown air at the openings of the ports 30, 31, 33 is set to a substantially equal flow rate in the range of 0.3 m / s to 1.0 m / s, and the blown air becomes turbulent. Since the degree of cooling of each part of the machine by the blown air is made the same while suppressing the degree, temperature unevenness in the processing area 21 and the rear area 22 can be suppressed, and the machine temperature can be prevented from being lowered locally. In particular, when the flow velocity of the blown air at the openings of the ports 30, 31, and 33 is substantially equal within the range of 0.4 m / s to 0.5 m / s, the processing area 21 and the rear area 22 are arranged at various locations. The temperature unevenness could be extremely reduced.

機械温度Tmを基準ブロック４６の内部温度に早く近づけるために、カバーに供給される送風エアの目標温度を、基準ブロック４６の内部温度が工場内温度Trより低い場合は、エア目標温度Tatを基準ブロック４６の内部温度より若干低く、高い場合は若干高く設定してもよい。  In order to quickly bring the machine temperature Tm close to the internal temperature of the reference block 46, the target temperature of the blown air supplied to the cover is determined based on the air target temperature Tat when the internal temperature of the reference block 46 is lower than the factory temperature Tr. If the temperature is slightly lower than the internal temperature of the block 46 and is higher, it may be set slightly higher.

空調機３５から送出される送風エアの量をウォームアップ時は多く、定常状態時には少なくするように制御してもよい。また、加工エリア２１及び後部エリア２２の各天井に開口されたポート３０，３１に流量制御弁を設け、この流量制御弁を手動又は自動で開度を調整して各エリア２１，２２に供給される送風エアの量を調整するようにしてもよい。  The amount of blown air sent from the air conditioner 35 may be controlled to be large during warm-up and small during steady state. Further, flow control valves are provided at ports 30 and 31 opened in the ceilings of the processing area 21 and the rear area 22, and the flow control valves are supplied to the areas 21 and 22 by manually or automatically adjusting the opening degree. The amount of blown air to be adjusted may be adjusted.

研削盤、旋盤、フライス盤等の工作機械及びレーザ加工機などに本発明に係る加工機械の温度制御装置を適用してもよい。  You may apply the temperature control apparatus of the processing machine which concerns on machine tools, laser processing machines, etc., such as a grinding machine, a lathe, and a milling machine.

本発明に係る工作機械の温度制御装置の実施形態の側面断面図。The side sectional view of the embodiment of the temperature control device of the machine tool concerning the present invention. 図１のＡ−Ａ断面図。AA sectional drawing of FIG. 工作機械の温度制御装置の外観斜視図。The external appearance perspective view of the temperature control apparatus of a machine tool. 空調機を説明する図。The figure explaining an air conditioner. 各所の温度変化の実測値を示すグラフ。The graph which shows the actual value of the temperature change of each place.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１・・・ピット、２・・・マシニングセンタ、３・・・ベッド、４・・・コラム、６，８，１１・・・サーボモータ、７・・・主軸台、９・・・主軸、１０・・・テーブル、１５・・・パレットチェンジャ、１９・・・主軸モータ、２０・・・カバー、２１・・・加工エリア、２２・・・後部エリア、２３ａ，２３ｂ・・・前後仕切り板、２４・・・上下 仕切り板、２７・・・開閉板、３２・・・吹出しダクト、３５・・・空調機、３４，３６・・・パイプ、３５・・・空調機、４０，４１・・・モータ隔離部、４２・・・排熱カバー、４６・・・基準温度ブロック、４７，６９，７０，７１・・・温度計、６１・・・エア温度調節部、６２・・・冷温水温度調節部、６４・・・冷凍機、６５・・・電気ヒータ、６７・・・流量制御弁、６８・・・制御装置、Ｗ・・・ワーク、Ｔ・・・工具。
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Pit, 2 ... Machining center, 3 ... Bed, 4 ... Column, 6, 8, 11 ... Servo motor, 7 ... Spindle head, 9 ... Spindle, 10 .. Table, 15 ... Pallet changer, 19 ... Spindle motor, 20 ... Cover, 21 ... Processing area, 22 ... Rear area, 23a, 23b ... Front and rear partition plates, 24 ..Upper and lower partition plates, 27 ... Open / close plates, 32 ... Blowout ducts, 35 ... Air conditioners, 34,36 ... Pipe, 35 ... Air conditioners, 40,41 ... Motor isolation Part, 42 ... waste heat cover, 46 ... reference temperature block, 47, 69, 70, 71 ... thermometer, 61 ... air temperature adjustment part, 62 ... cold / hot water temperature adjustment part, 64 ... refrigerator, 65 ... electric heater, 67 ... flow control valve, 6 ... controller, W ··· work, T ··· tool.

Claims (2)

ベッド上に工具を支持する工具支持装置とワークを保持するワーク保持装置とを装架し、前記工具支持装置と前記ワーク保持装置とを相対的に移動させて工具によりワークを加工する加工機械の温度制御装置において、
前記加工機械の全体をカバーで覆い、該カバーの内部を工具がワークを加工する加工エリアと加工エリア以外の後部エリアとに仕切り板によって区分し、該仕切り板の一部は水平方向に延在して前記加工エリアの天井を形成しており、温度調節された送風エアを供給するエア供給装置を設け、該エア供給装置を前記加工エリアと後部エリアに夫々接続し、
前記後部エリア内に工具交換装置を配置し、前記仕切り板に前記加工エリアと前記後部エリアとを開閉可能に連通する工具交換用の扉を設けたことを特徴とする加工機械の温度制御装置。 A processing machine that mounts a tool support device that supports a tool on a bed and a work support device that holds a work, and moves the tool support device and the work support device relative to each other to process the work with the tool. In the temperature control device,
The entire processing machine is covered with a cover, and the inside of the cover is divided by a partition plate into a processing area where the tool processes the workpiece and a rear area other than the processing area, and a part of the partition plate extends in the horizontal direction. Forming a ceiling of the processing area, providing an air supply device for supplying temperature-controlled air, connecting the air supply device to the processing area and the rear area ,
A temperature control device for a processing machine, characterized in that a tool changer is disposed in the rear area, and a tool change door is provided on the partition plate so as to communicate the processing area and the rear area in an openable and closable manner . 前記工具交換装置は、前記加工エリアより上方で前記後部エリア内に配置され、
前記工具交換用の扉は、前記仕切り板の水平方向に延在された部分に前記加工エリアと前記後部エリアとを開閉可能に連通することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の加工機械の温度制御装置。 The tool changer is disposed in the rear area above the machining area,
2. The temperature of the processing machine according to claim 1, wherein the tool changing door communicates the processing area and the rear area so as to be openable and closable with a portion extending in a horizontal direction of the partition plate. Control device.
JP2007097147A 2007-04-03 2007-04-03 Temperature control device for processing machine Expired - Fee Related JP4623040B2 (en)

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JP6858323B2 (en) * 2016-11-14 2021-04-14 株式会社ニイガタマシンテクノ Machine tool temperature control device
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CN115383510B (en) * 2022-08-12 2023-06-27 常州机电职业技术学院 Protection device, working method and system for numerical control machining center

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