JP4606116B2 - Filtration device - Google Patents

Filtration device Download PDF

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JP4606116B2
JP4606116B2 JP2004306337A JP2004306337A JP4606116B2 JP 4606116 B2 JP4606116 B2 JP 4606116B2 JP 2004306337 A JP2004306337 A JP 2004306337A JP 2004306337 A JP2004306337 A JP 2004306337A JP 4606116 B2 JP4606116 B2 JP 4606116B2
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filter medium
screen
filtration
sealed container
outer screen
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JP2006116411A (en
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進 石田
義人 山西
和男 鶴田
保 青木
和夫 田島
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Maezawa Industries Inc
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Description

本発明は、ろ過装置に関し、詳しくは、原水中に含まれる固形物のろ過処理を高速に且つ確実に行うことができる高速ろ過装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a filtration device, and more particularly, to a high-speed filtration device that can reliably and rapidly perform filtration of solid substances contained in raw water.

ろ過装置の一つとして、原水流入口を有するろ過槽の内部に、ろ過液流出口を有する環状多層プリパックスクリーン組立体からなる直径が異なる3個以上の円筒状スクリーンを同軸に配置して隣接するスクリーン間に環状空間を形成すると共に、各環状空間に異なるろ過機能を果たす2以上の異なるろ材を充填した高速ろ過装置が知られている(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。このような円筒状のスクリーンを使用することにより、一般的なろ過装置に比べてろ過面積を大幅に拡大することができるので、ろ過処理の高速化を図ることができる。
特開2000−246021号公報
As one of the filtration devices, three or more cylindrical screens having different diameters made of an annular multilayer prepack screen assembly having a filtrate outlet are coaxially arranged adjacent to each other inside a filtration tank having a raw water inlet. There is known a high-speed filtration device in which an annular space is formed between screens to be filled, and each annular space is filled with two or more different filter media that perform different filtration functions (see, for example, Patent Document 1). By using such a cylindrical screen, the filtration area can be greatly expanded as compared with a general filtration device, so that the filtration process can be speeded up.
JP 2000-246021 A

しかし、上述の高速ろ過装置では、円筒状スクリーンの外周面に粗大固形物が付着することによってろ過効率が低下してしまうことがあった。さらに、前記環状空間内に充填したろ材の洗浄も不十分なものとなりやすいという問題があった。また、円筒状スクリーンの外周にスクレーパーを設置し、円筒状スクリーンを回転させて外周面に付着した粗大固形物をスクレーパーで除去することも考えられるが、大規模のろ過装置では、円筒状スクリーンを回転させるために大きな動力を必要とし、軸受等の構造も大掛かりになって製作コストが上昇するという問題がある。   However, in the above-described high-speed filtration device, filtration efficiency may be reduced due to coarse solids adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical screen. Furthermore, there is a problem that the filter medium filled in the annular space is likely to be insufficiently cleaned. It is also conceivable to install a scraper on the outer periphery of the cylindrical screen and rotate the cylindrical screen to remove coarse solid matter adhering to the outer peripheral surface with the scraper. There is a problem in that a large amount of power is required to rotate, and the structure of the bearing or the like becomes large and the manufacturing cost increases.

そこで、本発明は、ろ過効率に優れ、円筒状スクリーンの外周面に付着する粗大固形物を容易に除去することができ、しかも、簡易な構造を採用することによって製作コストの低減も図ることができるろ過装置を提供することを目的としている。   Therefore, the present invention is excellent in filtration efficiency, can easily remove coarse solids adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical screen, and can also reduce the production cost by adopting a simple structure. The object is to provide a filtration device that can be used.

上記目的を達成するため、本発明のろ過装置は、密閉容器と、該密閉容器の内部に軸線を鉛直方向に向けて設けられた筒状の外スクリーンと、該外スクリーンの内部に設けられた内スクリーンと、前記外スクリーンと内スクリーンとの間に充填された圧縮変形可能なろ材と、該ろ材を圧縮するろ材圧縮手段と、前記外スクリーンの外周面に付着した固形物を掻き落すための付着物除去手段と、密閉容器の内部に設けられた散気手段と、密閉容器の下部に容器内壁に沿う方向に原水を流入させる原水流入部と、前記内スクリーン内の処理水を密閉容器の上部から流出させる処理水流出部と、密閉容器の下部から洗浄排水を流出させる洗浄排水流出部とを備え、前記散気手段は、前記洗浄排水流出部の経路を開いた状態で、該散気手段からの散気により密閉容器内の圧力を高めて密閉容器内の洗浄排水を排水可能に形成されていることを特徴としている。 In order to achieve the above object, a filtration device according to the present invention is provided with a sealed container, a cylindrical outer screen provided with the axis line oriented vertically in the sealed container, and the outer screen. An inner screen; a compression-deformable filter medium filled between the outer screen and the inner screen; a filter medium compressing means for compressing the filter medium; and for scraping off solid matter adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the outer screen. A deposit removing means, an air diffuser provided inside the sealed container, a raw water inflow portion for allowing the raw water to flow in a direction along the inner wall of the container at the lower part of the sealed container, and the treated water in the inner screen to the treated container. a treated water outlet unit to flow out from the top, and a cleaning water discharge outlet portion for discharging the cleaning effluent from the bottom of the closed container, said air diffuser means, with open path of the detergent drain outlet section, the diverging air Aeration from the means It is characterized by being drainable form a detergent drain in the closed container to increase the pressure in the more closed container.

さらに、本発明のろ過装置は、上記構成において、前記付着物除去手段が、駆動手段により駆動されて回転運動又は直線運動することにより、前記外スクリーンの外周面に摺接するスクレーパーであること、又は、前記密閉容器と前記外スクリーンとの間に充填され、ろ過工程時の原水又は洗浄工程時の洗浄水の水流により、前記外スクリーンの外周面に摺接する浮遊体であることを特徴としている。   Furthermore, in the above-described configuration, the filtration device of the present invention is a scraper that is slidably contacted with the outer peripheral surface of the outer screen by the rotational movement or linear movement driven by the driving means. The floating body is filled between the airtight container and the outer screen and is slidably brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the outer screen by the flow of raw water during the filtration step or washing water during the washing step.

また、前記ろ材圧縮手段が、複数のシリンダーによって前記外スクリーンと内スクリーンとの間を軸線方向に移動し、前記ろ材を充填体積に対して10〜50%の範囲で圧縮及び弛緩する円盤状部材で形成されていることを特徴とし、前記散気手段が、少なくとも前記外スクリーンと前記内スクリーンとの間の底部に設けられていることを特徴としている。   Further, the filter medium compressing means moves in the axial direction between the outer screen and the inner screen by a plurality of cylinders, and compresses and relaxes the filter medium in a range of 10 to 50% with respect to the filling volume. The air diffusion means is provided at least at the bottom between the outer screen and the inner screen.

さらに、前記散気手段は、該散気手段に散気用空気を供給する経路に、水蒸気、滅菌剤又は洗浄剤を注入する経路が接続されていることを特徴としている。 Furthermore, it said air diffuser means, in the path for supplying the aeration air to the aeration unit, the water vapor, the path for injecting a sterilizing agent or cleaning agent is characterized in that it is connected.

また、前記ろ材が繊維状又はスポンジ状のろ材であること、さらに、該ろ材が、空隙が多く、加圧による変形量が大きなろ材と、空隙が少なく、加圧による変形量が小さなろ材とを組み合わせた構造を有していることを特徴としている。   Further, the filter medium is a fibrous or sponge-like filter medium, and further, the filter medium has a large gap and a large deformation amount due to pressurization, and a filter medium that has a small gap and small deformation amount due to pressurization. It is characterized by having a combined structure.

本発明のろ過装置によれば、ろ材や外スクリーン外周面の洗浄操作を確実に行うことができるとともに、コンパクトで経済的な高速ろ過処理を長期にわたって安定して行うことができ、製作コスト、設備コスト、運転コストの削減が図れる。例えば、同等の大きさの従来のろ過装置と比較すると、数倍のろ過面積を得ることができる。   According to the filtration device of the present invention, the filter medium and the outer peripheral surface of the outer screen can be reliably washed, and the compact and economical high-speed filtration can be stably performed over a long period of time. Costs and operating costs can be reduced. For example, a filtration area several times as large as that of a conventional filtration device having an equivalent size can be obtained.

さらに、原水流入部から容器内壁に沿う方向に原水を流入させることによって遠心分離効果が得られるとともに、外スクリーンでのスクリーン効果も得られるので、しかも、外スクリーンの外周面を清掃する付着物除去手段を設けているので、ろ過装置前段に前処理装置を設ける必要もない。したがって、ろ過設備全体の小型化あるいは能力の向上が図れる。   Furthermore, the centrifugal separation effect is obtained by flowing the raw water in the direction along the inner wall of the container from the raw water inflow portion, and the screen effect on the outer screen is also obtained. In addition, the deposit removal for cleaning the outer peripheral surface of the outer screen is achieved. Since the means is provided, it is not necessary to provide a pretreatment device in the preceding stage of the filtration device. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the size of the entire filtration equipment or improve the capacity.

このように、ろ過面積の増大、設備能力の向上等から、同等の大きさのろ過設備において、ろ過処理能力を数十倍に高めることができる。したがって、下水の三次処理、合流式下水道の雨天時越流水対策、湖沼等のアオコや赤潮対策等、従来から各種ろ過装置が採用されていた用途に適用することにより、コンパクトで経済的な高速ろ過処理を行うことができ、設備コストや運転コストの大幅な削減が図れる。さらに、原水にPAC、バンド、ポリ鉄等の従来から用いられている金属系凝集剤や、有機系ポリマー等の各種凝集剤を適宜添加することにより、ろ過処理性能を更に向上させることができる。また、浮上分離濃縮や脱水装置を組み合わせて洗浄排水量を削減することも可能である。   Thus, the filtration processing capacity can be increased by several tens of times in the filtration equipment of the same size due to the increase in the filtration area and the improvement of the equipment capacity. Therefore, compact and economical high-speed filtration can be applied to applications where various types of filtration devices have been used in the past, such as tertiary treatment of sewage, countermeasures for overflowing rainwater in combined sewers, measures against blue water such as lakes and red tides, etc. Processing can be performed, and the equipment cost and operation cost can be greatly reduced. Furthermore, the filtration performance can be further improved by appropriately adding conventionally used metal-based flocculants such as PAC, band, polyiron, and various flocculants such as organic polymers to the raw water. It is also possible to reduce the amount of washing waste water by combining floating separation and concentration and dehydration equipment.

図1乃至図6は、本発明のろ過装置の第1形態例を示すもので、図1はろ過装置の縦断面図、図2はろ過装置の横断面図、図3はスクレーパーの平面図、図4はろ材の一例を示す斜視図、図5はろ過装置を設置したろ過設備の一例を示す概略系統図、図6は図5に示した構成のろ過設備における運転工程の一例を示す工程図である。   1 to 6 show a first embodiment of the filtration device of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the filtration device, FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view of the filtration device, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of a scraper. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of a filter medium, FIG. 5 is a schematic system diagram showing an example of a filtration facility provided with a filtration device, and FIG. 6 is a process diagram showing an example of an operation process in the filtration facility having the configuration shown in FIG. It is.

まず、本形態例に示すろ過装置10は、略円筒状の密閉容器(ケーシング)11と、該密閉容器11の内部に設けられた円筒状の外スクリーン12と、該外スクリーン12の内部に設けられた円筒状の内スクリーン13とを有しており、各円筒体の軸線を鉛直方向に向けて同軸に配置している。密閉容器11の下部には、原水を容器内壁に沿う方向、すなわち、本形態例では容器接線方向に向けて原水を密閉容器11内に流入させる原水流入部14が設けられており、密閉容器11の底部には、容器下部から洗浄排水を流出させるための洗浄排水流出部15が設けられている、また、内スクリーン13には、該内スクリーン13内に流入した処理水を密閉容器11の上部から流出させる処理水流出部16が設けられている。   First, a filtration device 10 shown in this embodiment includes a substantially cylindrical sealed container (casing) 11, a cylindrical outer screen 12 provided inside the sealed container 11, and an inside of the outer screen 12. The cylindrical inner screen 13 is arranged, and the axis of each cylindrical body is coaxially arranged in the vertical direction. In the lower part of the sealed container 11, a raw water inflow portion 14 is provided for allowing the raw water to flow into the sealed container 11 in the direction along the inner wall of the container, that is, in the container tangential direction in this embodiment. The bottom of the container is provided with a washing drainage outlet 15 for allowing the washing drainage to flow out from the lower part of the container, and the inner screen 13 receives the treated water flowing into the inner screen 13 at the upper part of the sealed container 11. A treated water outflow portion 16 is provided to flow out from the waste water.

外スクリーン12は、周面(胴部)を円筒形のウェッジワイヤースクリーン12aで形成し、その両端開口を鏡板12b,12bで閉塞したものであって、ウェッジワイヤースクリーン12aにおける隣接するウェッジワイヤー同士の間隔(目開き)は、ろ材の種類や原水の性状に応じて0.2〜5.0mm程度に設定されている。内スクリーン13は、多数の通水孔13aを設けたパイプ状のものであって、外スクリーン12の上部鏡板及び密閉容器11の天板の中心を気密、水密状態で貫通している。内スクリーン13の通水孔13aは、運転中にろ材が通過したり、ろ材によって閉塞されない大きさ及び形状に形成されるとともに、ろ材圧縮状態でのろ過処理を行えるようにするため、内スクリーン上部側には設けないようにしている。   The outer screen 12 has a peripheral surface (body) formed by a cylindrical wedge wire screen 12a, and both ends of the outer screen 12 are closed by end plates 12b and 12b. The interval (opening) is set to about 0.2 to 5.0 mm according to the type of filter medium and the properties of raw water. The inner screen 13 is in the form of a pipe provided with a large number of water passage holes 13a, and penetrates the upper end plate of the outer screen 12 and the center of the top plate of the sealed container 11 in an airtight and watertight state. The water passage hole 13a of the inner screen 13 is formed in a size and shape that does not allow the filter medium to pass or be blocked by the filter medium during operation, and allows the filtration process in the compressed state of the filter medium to be performed at the upper portion of the inner screen. It is not provided on the side.

なお、外スクリーン12及び内スクリーン13は、ろ材を通過させない通水構造を有していれば任意の構造を採用することができる。例えば、外スクリーン12を、内スクリーン13と同じような多数の通水孔を有するパイプ状、例えばパンチングメタルを筒状に成形したものを使用することができ、内スクリーン13の通水部に外スクリーン12と同じようなウエッジワイヤースクリーンを使用することができる。また、内スクリーン13の形状は、円筒(パイプ)状に限るものでもない。   In addition, the outer screen 12 and the inner screen 13 can employ | adopt arbitrary structures, if it has a water flow structure which does not let a filter medium pass. For example, the outer screen 12 can have a pipe shape having a large number of water passage holes similar to the inner screen 13, for example, a punching metal formed into a cylindrical shape. A wedge wire screen similar to the screen 12 can be used. Further, the shape of the inner screen 13 is not limited to a cylindrical (pipe) shape.

前記外スクリーン12の外周には、付着物除去手段として、密閉容器11と外スクリーン12との間に、モーター17等の駆動手段により駆動されて回転運動し、外スクリーン12の外周面に摺接して外スクリーン12の外周面に付着した固形物を掻き落すためのスクレーパー18が設けられている。このスクレーパー18は、図3に示すように、リング状乃至筒状の保持部材19に、90度間隔で筒体軸線と平行な方向に保持されており、モーター17の回転がピニオン17aから保持部材19の内歯車19aに伝達されることにより、一方向に回転、あるいは、往復回動して外スクリーン12外周面の固形物を掻き落とす。   On the outer periphery of the outer screen 12, it is driven by a driving means such as a motor 17 between the hermetic container 11 and the outer screen 12 as a deposit removing means, and rotates and moves in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the outer screen 12. A scraper 18 is provided for scraping off the solid matter adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the outer screen 12. As shown in FIG. 3, the scraper 18 is held by a ring-shaped or cylindrical holding member 19 in a direction parallel to the cylinder axis at intervals of 90 degrees, and the rotation of the motor 17 starts from the pinion 17a. By being transmitted to 19 internal gear 19a, it rotates in one direction or reciprocates to scrape off the solid matter on the outer peripheral surface of outer screen 12.

また、外スクリーン12と内スクリーン13との間には、圧縮変形可能なろ材21(図4参照)が充填されるとともに、該ろ材21を上方から下方に向けて圧縮するろ材圧縮手段22が設けられている。ろ材21としては、主として圧縮変形可能なろ材を適当に選択して使用することができるが、濁質捕捉量を大きくするためには繊維状又はスポンジ状のろ材を用いることが好ましく、特に、図4に示すように、濁質を捕捉するための空隙が多く、加圧による変形量が大きな疎なろ材21aと、濁質を捕捉するための空隙は少ないが、加圧による変形量が小さな密なろ材21bとを張合せるなどして組み合わせた構造を有するろ材21が最適である。さらに、ろ材21として、比重が1付近のものを使用することにより、外スクリーン12と内スクリーン13との間の空間内にろ材21を平均的に分散させた状態にできるので、短絡流の発生も防止できる。   In addition, between the outer screen 12 and the inner screen 13, a filter medium 21 (see FIG. 4) that can be compressed and deformed is filled, and a filter medium compressing means 22 that compresses the filter medium 21 downward from above is provided. It has been. As the filter medium 21, a filter medium which can be mainly compressed and deformed can be selected and used appropriately. However, in order to increase the trapped amount of turbidity, it is preferable to use a fibrous or sponge-shaped filter medium. As shown in FIG. 4, the sparse filter medium 21a has a large amount of voids for capturing turbidity and has a large amount of deformation due to pressurization, and a small amount of voids for capturing turbidity but has a small amount of deformation due to pressurization. The filter medium 21 having a structure in which the filter medium 21b is combined with the filter medium 21b is optimal. In addition, by using a filter medium 21 having a specific gravity of around 1, the filter medium 21 can be dispersed on average in the space between the outer screen 12 and the inner screen 13, so that a short-circuit current is generated. Can also be prevented.

前記繊維状又はスポンジ状のろ材は、一般的にろ材として用いられているケイ砂やアンスラサイト等のろ材と比較して空隙率が大きくなることから、単位容積当たりの固形物(濁質)捕捉量が大幅に増加する。しかし、空隙率の大きなろ材は、圧力の上昇によって変形(圧縮)し易い問題がある。すなわち、ろ過の継続に伴ってろ過抵抗が上昇すると、ろ材が圧縮されて有効な空隙が減少し、さらに急激な圧力上昇を招いてしまうという問題があった。一方、空隙率の小さな緻密なろ材は、ろ材内部の空隙が小さいため、濁質捕捉量が少ないという問題があった。各種ろ材の特徴をより効果的に発揮させるためには、前述のように、疎なろ材21aと密なろ材21bとを張り合わせた構造のろ材が最適である。   Since the fibrous or sponge-like filter medium has a higher porosity than filter media such as silica sand and anthracite, which are generally used as filter media, it captures solid matter (turbidity) per unit volume. The amount increases significantly. However, a filter medium having a large porosity has a problem that it is likely to be deformed (compressed) due to an increase in pressure. That is, when the filtration resistance increases with the continuation of the filtration, there is a problem that the filter medium is compressed and the effective voids are reduced, and the pressure is further increased rapidly. On the other hand, a dense filter medium with a small porosity has a problem that the amount of trapped suspended matter is small because the voids inside the filter medium are small. In order to exhibit the characteristics of various filter media more effectively, as described above, a filter media having a structure in which a loose filter media 21a and a dense filter media 21b are bonded together is optimal.

このような構造のろ材としては、様々な材質及び組合せが可能であるが、耐薬品性、耐熱性及び物理的な強度、比重等を考慮すると、レギュラーポリエステル繊維と低融点ポリエステル繊維とを混合し、熱融着させたものが好ましい。例えば、疎なろ材21aでは6〜10デニール程度の比較的細い繊維を用い、充填密度を少なくして厚さ2〜5mm程度のシート状に形成し、密なろ材21bでは10〜20デニール程度の比較的太い繊維を用い、充填密度を多くして厚さ2〜5mm程度のシート状に形成する。そして、これらを一枚ずつ2枚張り合わせて2層構造のシートを作成した後、5〜20mm程度の角型に打ち抜いたものをろ材として用いるとよい。また、密なシートを中に挟んで両側を疎なシートとした3層構造のシートを形成し、これを打ち抜いてろ材としてもよい。また、2層又は3層構造のシートを作成する際に凸凹状のローラーで押さえ付けることにより、表面を凸凹に仕上げると、より効果的である。   Various materials and combinations can be used as a filter medium having such a structure, but considering the chemical resistance, heat resistance, physical strength, specific gravity, etc., regular polyester fibers and low melting point polyester fibers are mixed. Those that are heat-sealed are preferred. For example, the sparse filter medium 21a uses relatively thin fibers of about 6 to 10 denier and is formed into a sheet shape having a thickness of about 2 to 5 mm by reducing the packing density, and the dense filter medium 21b has about 10 to 20 denier. Using relatively thick fibers, the packing density is increased to form a sheet having a thickness of about 2 to 5 mm. And it is good to use as a filter material what was punched in the square shape of about 5-20 mm, after creating these two sheets one by one and producing the sheet | seat of 2 layers structure. Alternatively, a sheet having a three-layer structure in which a dense sheet is sandwiched therebetween and a sparse sheet on both sides may be formed and punched out to form a filter medium. In addition, it is more effective to finish the surface to be uneven by pressing it with an uneven roller when creating a sheet having a two-layer or three-layer structure.

なお、低融点ポリエステル繊維は、ポリエステル単独の繊維でもよいが、ポリエステルを心材とし、その周りにポリエチレン等を配したバインダー機能を有する複合ポリエステル繊維を用いることもできる。また、ポリエステル繊維に代えてポロプロピレン繊維を用いても、ポリエステル繊維の場合と同様の手法で良好なろ材を得ることができる。さらに、ポリエステル繊維とポリプロピレン繊維とを混合することも可能である。また、熱融着に限らず、十分な強度が得られれば、ニードルパンチ、ケミカルボンド、あるいはこれらの併用など、不織布製造において一般的に用いられている手法を採用することができる。   The low-melting-point polyester fiber may be a single polyester fiber, but a composite polyester fiber having a binder function in which polyester is used as a core and polyethylene or the like is disposed around the polyester may be used. Moreover, even if it uses a polypropylene fiber instead of a polyester fiber, a favorable filter medium can be obtained by the same method as the case of a polyester fiber. Furthermore, it is also possible to mix polyester fiber and polypropylene fiber. Further, not only heat fusion but also a method generally used in nonwoven fabric production such as needle punching, chemical bonding, or a combination thereof can be adopted as long as sufficient strength is obtained.

前記ろ材圧縮手段22は、中央に内スクリーン13の挿通口23aを有し、筒体を横切る方向に配置される円盤状の押圧部材23と、該押圧部材23を筒体軸線方向に移動させる複数のシリンダー24とで形成されており、シリンダー24を作動させて密閉容器11の天板を気密、水密状態で貫通したロッド24aを伸縮させ、押圧部材23を移動させることによってろ材21の圧縮状態を変更できるようにしている。シリンダー24の本数は任意であり、1本又は2本でもよいが、3本以上を円周上に等間隔に配置して連動させることにより、押圧部材23でろ材21を均一に圧縮、弛緩することができる。なお、ろ材圧縮手段22は、前記押圧部材23に限らず、外スクリーン12と内スクリーン13との間にバルーンやベローズ等を配設し、これらの内部に圧縮空気を導入してこれらを膨張させることによってろ材を圧縮する構造も採用できる。   The filter medium compressing means 22 has an insertion port 23a for the inner screen 13 in the center, a disk-shaped pressing member 23 arranged in a direction crossing the cylinder, and a plurality of moving the pressing member 23 in the cylinder axis direction. The cylinder 24 is actuated to expand and contract the rod 24a that penetrates the top plate of the sealed container 11 in an airtight and watertight state, and moves the pressing member 23 to change the compression state of the filter medium 21. It can be changed. The number of cylinders 24 is arbitrary, and may be one or two, but three or more cylinders are arranged at equal intervals on the circumference and interlocked so that the filter medium 21 is uniformly compressed and relaxed by the pressing member 23. be able to. The filter medium compressing means 22 is not limited to the pressing member 23, and a balloon, a bellows, or the like is disposed between the outer screen 12 and the inner screen 13, and compressed air is introduced into these to expand them. A structure for compressing the filter medium can also be adopted.

ろ材21の圧縮率は、原水やろ材21の性状によって適当に設定することができるが、ろ材充填体積に対して10〜50%程度圧縮できるように形成することが好ましい、50%を超える圧縮率では、装置の大きさに対してろ過面積が小さくなりすぎるのでろ過効率が低下し、10%未満の圧縮率ではろ材を圧縮する効果を十分に得ることができない。   The compression rate of the filter medium 21 can be appropriately set depending on the properties of the raw water and the filter medium 21, but it is preferably formed so that it can be compressed by about 10 to 50% with respect to the filter medium filling volume. Then, since the filtration area becomes too small with respect to the size of the apparatus, the filtration efficiency is lowered, and a compression rate of less than 10% cannot sufficiently obtain the effect of compressing the filter medium.

さらに、密閉容器11の底部、外スクリーン12と内スクリーン13との間の底部及び内スクリーン13内の底部には、散気手段を構成する散気管25a,25b,25cがそれぞれ設けられている。各散気管25a,25b,25cには、空気供給経路26を介して圧縮空気供給用のブロワ27にそれぞれ接続されるとともに、空気供給経路26から分岐した洗浄経路28を介して洗浄剤供給部29に接続されている。   Furthermore, air diffusers 25a, 25b, and 25c constituting air diffuser are provided at the bottom of the sealed container 11, the bottom between the outer screen 12 and the inner screen 13, and the bottom of the inner screen 13, respectively. Each of the air diffusers 25a, 25b, 25c is connected to a blower 27 for supplying compressed air via an air supply path 26, and is also supplied with a cleaning agent supply unit 29 via a cleaning path 28 branched from the air supply path 26. It is connected to the.

なお、ろ材21の空洗だけを目的とする場合には、外スクリーン12と内スクリーン13との間の底部に散気管25bを設けるだけで十分である。また、密閉容器11の底部に散気管25aを設けることにより外スクリーン12の外周面に付着した固形物等を空洗によって除去することができる。さらに、内スクリーン13内の底部に散気管25cを設けることにより、通水孔13aの空洗を行うことができる。   In addition, when the purpose is only to flush the filter medium 21, it is sufficient to provide the air diffusion tube 25 b at the bottom between the outer screen 12 and the inner screen 13. In addition, by providing the diffuser tube 25a at the bottom of the hermetic container 11, solids or the like attached to the outer peripheral surface of the outer screen 12 can be removed by air washing. Furthermore, by providing the diffuser pipe 25c at the bottom of the inner screen 13, the water passage hole 13a can be washed with air.

このように形成されたろ過装置10は、図5に示すようにしてろ過設備に組み込むことができ、図6に示す工程を繰り返すことによって連続的にろ過運転を行うことができる。なお、図5ではろ過装置10の細部の図示は省略している。   The filtration device 10 formed in this way can be incorporated into a filtration facility as shown in FIG. 5 and can be continuously filtered by repeating the steps shown in FIG. In addition, illustration of the detail of the filtration apparatus 10 is abbreviate | omitted in FIG.

まず、ろ過工程のステップ101では、処理水流出部16に接続する経路の弁16Vのみが開状態になるとともに原水ポンプ51が作動し、原水流入経路52から原水槽53に流入した原水が、原水ポンプ51から逆止弁14Vを通り、原水流入部14から密閉容器11の下部に所定圧力で流入する、このとき、円筒状の密閉容器11の下部に接線方向に原水を流入させて容器下部に旋回流を形成することにより、その遠心力で砂分や比重の大きな夾雑物を分離して槽底部に沈降させ、外スクリーン12やろ材21の負担を軽減することができる。   First, in Step 101 of the filtration process, only the valve 16V of the path connected to the treated water outflow portion 16 is opened and the raw water pump 51 is operated, and the raw water flowing into the raw water tank 53 from the raw water inflow path 52 is converted into the raw water. The pump 51 passes through the check valve 14V and flows from the raw water inflow part 14 to the lower part of the sealed container 11 at a predetermined pressure. At this time, raw water is introduced into the lower part of the cylindrical sealed container 11 in the tangential direction to the lower part of the container. By forming the swirl flow, the centrifugal force can separate sand and impurities with large specific gravity and settle to the bottom of the tank, thereby reducing the burden on the outer screen 12 and the filter medium 21.

密閉容器11内に流入した原水は、外スクリーン12を通過する際に大きな夾雑物が捕捉され、外スクリーン12と内スクリーン13との間に充填されたろ材21の層を通過することにより、原水中の細かい懸濁成分がろ材21に捕捉されてろ別される。このろ過工程では、ろ材圧縮手段22がろ材圧縮方向に作動してろ材21を充填体積に対して10〜50%の範囲で圧縮した状態としている。懸濁成分をろ別した処理水は、内スクリーン13を通過して上部の処理水流出部16に流出し、弁16Vを通って処理水槽54に一時貯留された後、経路55から系外に流出する。   When the raw water that has flowed into the sealed container 11 passes through the outer screen 12, large impurities are captured, and the raw water passes through the layer of the filter medium 21 filled between the outer screen 12 and the inner screen 13. Fine suspended components in water are captured by the filter medium 21 and separated. In this filtration step, the filter medium compression means 22 operates in the filter medium compression direction to compress the filter medium 21 in a range of 10 to 50% with respect to the filling volume. The treated water from which the suspended components have been filtered out passes through the inner screen 13 and flows out to the upper treated water outflow portion 16 and is temporarily stored in the treated water tank 54 through the valve 16V. leak.

また、ろ過工程中には、前記付着物除去手段のモーター17を適宜作動させてスクレーパー18を外スクリーン12の外周面に摺接させ、外スクリーン12の外周面に捕捉された夾雑物を掻き落とす。このスクレーパー18は、捕捉される夾雑物の量に応じて連続的あるいは間欠的に作動させればよい。   Further, during the filtration step, the motor 17 of the deposit removing means is appropriately operated to bring the scraper 18 into sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the outer screen 12 to scrape off foreign matters captured on the outer peripheral surface of the outer screen 12. . The scraper 18 may be operated continuously or intermittently according to the amount of contaminants to be captured.

ろ過装置10の洗浄操作は、ステップ102の洗浄開始指令により、ステップ103のろ材膨張行程が行われ、原水ポンプ51が停止し、処理水流出部16の弁16Vが閉じるとともに、ろ材圧縮手段22がろ材膨張方向に作動してろ材21を充填体積にまで、より好ましくは、充填体積に加えて、その10〜30%程度の流動化スペースを見込んだ体積にまで膨張させる。ステップ102の洗浄開始指令は、タイマーによる設定の他、原水流入管の圧力上昇、原水流入部と処理水流出部との差圧上昇、処理水の濁度の上昇等を検知することにより、自動的に行うことができる。   In the washing operation of the filtration device 10, the filter medium expansion process in step 103 is performed according to the washing start command in step 102, the raw water pump 51 is stopped, the valve 16 </ b> V of the treated water outflow portion 16 is closed, and the filter medium compression means 22 is The filter medium 21 is operated in the direction of expansion of the filter medium, and the filter medium 21 is expanded to the filled volume, more preferably to the volume that allows about 10 to 30% of the fluidization space in addition to the filled volume. The cleaning start command in step 102 is automatically set by detecting a rise in the pressure of the raw water inflow pipe, an increase in the differential pressure between the raw water inflow part and the treated water outflow part, an increase in turbidity of the treated water, etc. Can be done automatically.

続いてステップ104の洗浄前水抜き工程によって洗浄排水流出部15の弁15Vが開き、密閉容器11内の水が沈殿物を伴って洗浄排水流出部15から洗浄排水槽56に排出される。さらに、ステップ105の空洗工程では、ブロワ27が運転を開始するとともに空気供給経路26の弁26Vが開き、散気手段25から密閉容器11内への散気による空洗が行われる。この水抜き工程や空洗工程の際には、必要に応じて密閉容器11の天板部に設けた吸排気経路31の弁31Vを開き、密閉容器11内の空気を吸排気する。   Subsequently, the valve 15V of the washing drainage outflow portion 15 is opened by the pre-washing draining process in step 104, and the water in the sealed container 11 is discharged from the washing drainage outflow portion 15 to the washing drainage tank 56 along with the precipitate. Further, in the air washing step of step 105, the blower 27 starts operation and the valve 26V of the air supply path 26 is opened, and air washing from the air diffusion means 25 into the sealed container 11 is performed. During the water draining process or the air washing process, the valve 31V of the intake / exhaust passage 31 provided in the top plate portion of the sealed container 11 is opened as necessary to suck and exhaust the air in the sealed container 11.

続いてステップ106のドレン工程が始まり、吸排気経路31の弁31Vが開いている場合には、これを閉じると、空洗用のブロワ27から密閉容器11内に供給された空気によって密閉容器11内の圧力が高まり、密閉容器11内の水(洗浄排水)が空気の圧力によって洗浄排水流出部15から洗浄排水槽56に向けて強制的に排出される。このように、密閉容器11内に供給した空洗用空気の圧力によって密閉容器11内の洗浄排水を押し出すことにより、通常の重力による排水に比べて短時間で洗浄排水を密閉容器11内から排出することができる。これにより、洗浄工程の時間短縮を図れ、ろ過工程の時間を長くすることができ、ろ過装置におけるろ過効率を向上させることができる。   Subsequently, when the drain process of step 106 is started and the valve 31V of the intake / exhaust passage 31 is open, when the valve 31V is closed, the air is supplied into the sealed container 11 from the blower 27 for air washing. The internal pressure increases, and the water (cleaning drainage) in the sealed container 11 is forcibly discharged from the cleaning drainage outlet 15 toward the cleaning drainage tank 56 by the air pressure. In this way, the waste water in the airtight container 11 is pushed out by the pressure of the air for air washing supplied into the airtight container 11 so that the waste water is discharged from the airtight container 11 in a shorter time than the normal gravity drainage. can do. Thereby, the time of a washing | cleaning process can be shortened, the time of a filtration process can be lengthened, and the filtration efficiency in a filtration apparatus can be improved.

さらに、洗浄排水槽56を密閉容器11と同レベルに配置したり、洗浄排水槽56を高位置に配置したりしても、密閉容器11内の洗浄排水を洗浄排水槽56に送り出せるので、密閉容器11と洗浄排水槽56との設置場所の制約が無くなり、洗浄排水槽56の有効水深も大きくとれるため、ろ過設備のコンパクト化等を図れる。   Furthermore, even if the cleaning drainage tank 56 is disposed at the same level as the sealed container 11 or the cleaning drainage tank 56 is disposed at a high position, the cleaning drainage in the sealed container 11 can be sent to the cleaning drainage tank 56. Since there is no restriction on the installation location of the sealed container 11 and the cleaning drainage tank 56, and the effective water depth of the cleaning drainage tank 56 can be increased, the size of the filtration facility can be reduced.

次に、ステップ107の再水張工程に進み、洗浄排水流出部15の弁15Vが閉じられるとともに吸排気経路31の弁31Vが開き、原水槽53内の原水が原水ポンプ51によって原水流入部14から密閉容器11内に導入される。これと同時にブロワ27を運転して空洗を行ってもよい。   Next, the process proceeds to a rehydration step of step 107, the valve 15V of the washing drainage outflow portion 15 is closed and the valve 31V of the intake / exhaust passage 31 is opened, and the raw water in the raw water tank 53 is fed by the raw water pump 51 into the raw water inflow portion 14. Is introduced into the sealed container 11. At the same time, the blower 27 may be operated to perform air washing.

前記ステップ105の空洗工程、ステップ106のドレン工程及びステップ107の再水張工程を、ステップ108のカウンターにより所定回数繰返して行った後、ステップ109の捨水工程が行われる。捨水工程は通常のろ過設備と同様に、処理水流出部16から分岐した捨水経路32に設けた弁32Vのみを開いた状態で原水ポンプ51を運転し、原水を密閉容器11内に供給してろ過工程と同様の操作を行い、捨水経路32から流出する捨水(ろ過水)の濁度が所定濁度以下になるまで行う。なお、捨水経路32は、密閉容器11と処理水流出部16の弁16Vとの間の任意の位置に設けることができ、この捨水経路32によって密閉容器11内の吸排気を行える場合には、吸排気経路31と兼用することができる。   After the air washing process in step 105, the drain process in step 106, and the rehydration process in step 107 are repeated a predetermined number of times by the counter in step 108, the water discarding process in step 109 is performed. In the draining step, the raw water pump 51 is operated with only the valve 32V provided in the drainage path 32 branched from the treated water outflow part 16 being opened, and the raw water is supplied into the sealed container 11 in the same manner as the normal filtration equipment. Then, the same operation as in the filtration step is performed until the turbidity of the waste water (filtered water) flowing out from the waste water path 32 becomes equal to or lower than the predetermined turbidity. The drainage path 32 can be provided at an arbitrary position between the sealed container 11 and the valve 16V of the treated water outflow portion 16, and when the intake and exhaust in the sealed container 11 can be performed by the drainage path 32. Can also be used as the intake / exhaust passage 31.

捨水工程が終了したらステップ110のろ材圧縮行程に進み、ろ材圧縮手段22をろ材圧縮方向に作動させてろ材21を所定量圧縮する。このろ材圧縮工程で圧縮されたろ材から絞り出される濁質によって上昇した濁度が所定濁度以下になるまでステップ111の再捨水工程を行い、この再捨水工程が終了したら、捨水用の弁32Vを閉じて処理水流出部16の弁16Vを開き、ステップ101のろ過工程に戻る。このような各工程を順次繰り返すことによって連続的にろ過処理を行うことができる。   When the draining process is completed, the process proceeds to the filter medium compression step of Step 110, and the filter medium compression means 22 is operated in the filter medium compression direction to compress the filter medium 21 by a predetermined amount. When the turbidity increased by the turbidity squeezed out from the filter medium compressed in the filter medium compression process is equal to or lower than the predetermined turbidity, the re-watering process in step 111 is performed. The valve 32V is closed, the valve 16V of the treated water outflow part 16 is opened, and the process returns to the filtration step of Step 101. Filtration can be continuously performed by sequentially repeating each of these steps.

前述のように、ろ材圧縮手段22により、ろ過工程ではろ材を適当に圧縮することによって濁質をより確実に捕捉することができ、洗浄工程ではろ材の圧縮を解除して弛緩した状態にすることによって捕捉した濁質を排出し易い状態とすることができる。さらに、ろ材を弛緩させた状態で散気手段25から散気して空洗を行うことにより、強い撹拌力が得られ、ろ材を効果的に撹拌混合することができるので、ろ材の洗浄操作をより効率よく行うことができる。加えて、ろ材圧縮手段22でろ材を強く圧縮することにより、ろ材中に取り込まれた濁質を絞り出すこともできる。   As described above, the filter medium compressing means 22 can capture the turbidity more reliably by appropriately compressing the filter medium in the filtration process, and release the compression of the filter medium to be in a relaxed state in the washing process. Thus, the trapped turbidity can be easily discharged. Furthermore, by carrying out air washing with air diffused from the air diffuser means 25 while the filter medium is relaxed, a strong stirring force can be obtained and the filter medium can be effectively stirred and mixed. It can be performed more efficiently. In addition, the turbid matter taken into the filter medium can be squeezed out by strongly compressing the filter medium with the filter medium compression means 22.

また、洗浄水ポンプ33を備えた逆洗経路34を設けておき、洗浄中の適当な時期に処理水を内スクリーン13内から外スクリーン12に向けて逆流させ、ろ材の逆洗を行うように設定することもできる。さらに、洗浄剤供給部29から洗浄経路28、空気供給経路26及び散気手段25を介して密閉容器11内に、水蒸気、滅菌剤、洗浄剤等を注入することにより、ろ材をより効率よく洗浄することができ、ろ材21に捕捉された細菌等を滅菌処理することもできる。   Further, a backwash path 34 provided with a washing water pump 33 is provided, and the treated water is caused to flow back from the inner screen 13 toward the outer screen 12 at an appropriate time during washing so that the filter medium is backwashed. It can also be set. Further, by injecting water vapor, a sterilizing agent, a cleaning agent, and the like from the cleaning agent supply unit 29 into the sealed container 11 through the cleaning path 28, the air supply path 26, and the air diffuser 25, the filter medium is more efficiently cleaned. It is possible to sterilize bacteria trapped by the filter medium 21.

これにより、通常の洗浄方法では洗浄が困難なろ材内部に蓄積する生物スライムや油分等を確実に洗浄することができる。水蒸気、滅菌剤、洗浄剤等を利用したろ材の薬液洗浄は頻繁に実施する必要はないが、3ヶ月から1年に1回程度実施すると効果的である。滅菌剤、洗浄剤としては、酸、アルカリ、次亜塩素酸ナトリウム、過酸化水素、界面活性剤等を用いることができる。また、原水によっては、クリプトスポリジウムやジアルジア等の病原性微生物をろ材が補足する場合があり、これらをそのまま排水することが好ましくない場合もあるが、密閉容器11や各スクリーン12,13に耐熱性、耐薬品性に優れた材質を用いることにより、高温の水蒸気の注入等によって効率的にこれらを滅菌処理することができる。   Thereby, it is possible to reliably wash biological slime, oil, and the like that accumulate inside the filter medium, which is difficult to wash by a normal washing method. Although it is not necessary to frequently perform chemical cleaning of filter media using water vapor, sterilizing agent, cleaning agent, etc., it is effective to perform it once every three months to once a year. As the sterilizing agent and cleaning agent, acids, alkalis, sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, surfactants and the like can be used. Further, depending on the raw water, the filter medium may supplement pathogenic microorganisms such as Cryptosporidium and Giardia, and it may not be preferable to drain them as they are, but the sealed container 11 and the screens 12 and 13 are resistant to heat. By using a material excellent in chemical resistance, these can be sterilized efficiently by injection of high-temperature steam.

図7及び図8は、本発明のろ過装置の第2形態例を示すもので、図7はろ過装置の縦断面図、図8はスクレーパーの平面図である。なお、以下の説明において、前記第1形態例で示したろ過装置における構成要素と同一の構成要素には、それぞれ同一符号を付して詳細な説明は省略する。   7 and 8 show a second embodiment of the filtration device of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of the filtration device, and FIG. 8 is a plan view of the scraper. In the following description, the same components as those in the filtration device shown in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

本形態例に示すろ過装置は、付着物除去手段として、密閉容器11と外スクリーン12との間に、シリンダー41等の駆動手段により駆動されて筒体軸線方向に直線運動するリング状のスクレーパー42を配置している。このスクレーパー42は、筒体軸線と平行な方向に設けられた棒状の保持部材43に適当な間隔で複数枚が保持されており、密閉容器11の外周面に沿うように配置したシリンダー41のロッド41aを連続又は間欠的に伸縮させることにより、連結部材43a及び保持部材43と共にスクレーパー42が上下方向に往復し、外スクリーン12の外周面に摺接して外スクリーン12の外周面に付着した固形物を掻き落す。掻き落とされた固形物は、スクレーパー42の外周と密閉容器11の内周面との間を通って容器底部に沈降落下する。   The filtration apparatus shown in this embodiment is a ring-shaped scraper 42 that is driven by a driving means such as a cylinder 41 between the hermetic container 11 and the outer screen 12 as a deposit removing means and linearly moves in the cylinder axis direction. Is arranged. A plurality of scrapers 42 are held by rod-like holding members 43 provided in a direction parallel to the cylinder axis at appropriate intervals, and the rods of the cylinders 41 arranged along the outer peripheral surface of the sealed container 11. By continuously expanding or contracting 41a, the scraper 42 reciprocates in the vertical direction together with the connecting member 43a and the holding member 43, slidably contacts the outer peripheral surface of the outer screen 12, and adheres to the outer peripheral surface of the outer screen 12. Scrap off. The solid substance scraped off passes between the outer periphery of the scraper 42 and the inner peripheral surface of the sealed container 11 and settles down to the bottom of the container.

前記シリンダー41は、ろ材圧縮手段22のシリンダー24と共用することも可能であり、ろ材を圧縮、弛緩する際の押圧部材23の上下動に連動させてスクレーパー42を上下動させるように形成し、前記ろ材膨張工程及びろ材圧縮工程において、外スクリーン12の外周面に付着した固形物を掻き落とすようにしてもよい。また、本形態例に示すように、駆動手段であるシリンダー41を密閉容器11の外周部分に配置することにより、さらに、前記ろ材圧縮手段22のシリンダー24も密閉容器11の外周部分に配置することにより、ろ過装置の高さを大幅に低くすることができる。   The cylinder 41 can be shared with the cylinder 24 of the filter medium compressing means 22, and is formed so as to move the scraper 42 up and down in conjunction with the vertical movement of the pressing member 23 when compressing and relaxing the filter medium. You may make it scrape off the solid substance adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the outer screen 12 in the said filter medium expansion | swelling process and filter medium compression process. Further, as shown in the present embodiment, by disposing the cylinder 41 as the driving means on the outer peripheral portion of the sealed container 11, the cylinder 24 of the filter medium compressing means 22 is also disposed on the outer peripheral portion of the sealed container 11. Thus, the height of the filtration device can be greatly reduced.

なお、スクレーパーの駆動手段には、電動式、空気式、油圧式等の任意の駆動方式を採用でき、動力伝達機構も適宜な構造を採用でき、スクレーパーの作動方向に併せて任意の駆動手段を選択使用することができる。さらに、前述のようなリング状のスクレーパーにおいて、スクレーパーに浮き(ブイ)等を取り付けることにより、前記水抜き工程や再水張工程における密閉容器11内の水位の上下によってスクレーパーを上下動させ、外スクリーン12の外周面に付着した固形物を掻き落とすように形成することも可能である。   The drive means for the scraper can adopt any drive system such as electric, pneumatic, hydraulic, etc., and the power transmission mechanism can also adopt an appropriate structure, and any drive means can be used in accordance with the operation direction of the scraper. Selectable can be used. Further, in the ring-shaped scraper as described above, by attaching a float (buoy) or the like to the scraper, the scraper is moved up and down depending on the water level in the sealed container 11 in the water draining process or the rehydration process. It is also possible to form so as to scrape off the solid matter adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the screen 12.

図9及び図10は、本発明のろ過装置の第3形態例を示すもので、図9はろ過装置の縦断面図、図10は多孔板の平面図である。本形態例に示すろ過装置は、付着物除去手段として、密閉容器11と外スクリーン12との間に浮遊体45を充填するとともに、外スクリーン12の上下端に、浮遊体45の流出を防止するための多孔板46や網体を設けている。浮遊体45は、適度な大きさ及び比重を有するものであって、具体的には、比重0.9〜1.1程度、直径20〜100mmのボール状、円筒状、立方体等のプラスチック製浮遊体を使用することができる。この浮遊体45は、ろ過工程時の原水の流れや、洗浄工程中の水抜き工程や再水張工程時の洗浄水の流れ、空洗工程の気液の流れによって流動したり、振動したりすることにより、浮遊体45が外スクリーン12の外周面に衝突し、外スクリーン12の外周面に付着した固形物を掻き落とす。このような浮遊体45を用いることにより、機械的なスクレーパーを設ける場合に比べて装置構成の簡略化を図ることができる。   9 and 10 show a third embodiment of the filtration device of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of the filtration device, and FIG. 10 is a plan view of a perforated plate. The filtration device shown in the present embodiment fills the floating body 45 between the sealed container 11 and the outer screen 12 as an adhering matter removing means, and prevents the floating body 45 from flowing out at the upper and lower ends of the outer screen 12. For this purpose, a perforated plate 46 and a net are provided. The floating body 45 has an appropriate size and specific gravity. Specifically, the floating body 45 has a specific gravity of about 0.9 to 1.1 and has a diameter of 20 to 100 mm in the shape of a ball, cylinder, cube, or the like. The body can be used. The floating body 45 may flow or vibrate depending on the flow of raw water during the filtration process, the flow of water during the draining process during the cleaning process, the flow of cleaning water during the rehydration process, and the flow of gas and liquid during the air washing process. By doing so, the floating body 45 collides with the outer peripheral surface of the outer screen 12 and scrapes off the solid matter adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the outer screen 12. By using such a floating body 45, the apparatus configuration can be simplified as compared with the case where a mechanical scraper is provided.

本発明のろ過装置の第1形態例を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 1st form example of the filtration apparatus of this invention. ろ過装置の横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view of a filtration apparatus. スクレーパーの平面図である。It is a top view of a scraper. ろ材の一例を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows an example of a filter medium. ろ過装置を設置したろ過設備の一例を示す概略系統図である。It is a schematic system diagram which shows an example of the filtration equipment which installed the filtration apparatus. ろ過設備における運転工程の一例を示す工程図である。It is process drawing which shows an example of the driving | running process in a filtration installation. 本発明のろ過装置の第2形態例を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 2nd form example of the filtration apparatus of this invention. スクレーパーの平面図である。It is a top view of a scraper. 本発明のろ過装置の第3形態例を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 3rd example of a filtration apparatus of this invention. 多孔板の平面図である。It is a top view of a perforated plate.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

10…ろ過装置、11…密閉容器、12…外スクリーン、12a…ウェッジワイヤースクリーン、12b…鏡板、13…内スクリーン、13a…通水孔、14…原水流入部、15…洗浄排水流出部、16…処理水流出部、17…モーター、18…スクレーパー、19…保持部材、21…ろ材、21a…疎なろ材、21b…密なろ材、22…ろ材圧縮手段、23…押圧部材、24…シリンダー、25…散気手段、25a,25b,25c…散気管、26…空気供給経路、27…ブロワ、28…洗浄経路、29…洗浄剤供給部、31…吸排気経路、32…捨水経路、33…洗浄水ポンプ、34…逆洗経路、41…シリンダー、42…スクレーパー、43…保持部材、45…浮遊体、46…多孔板、51…原水ポンプ、52…原水流入経路、53…原水槽、54…処理水槽、56…洗浄排水槽   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Filtration apparatus, 11 ... Sealed container, 12 ... Outer screen, 12a ... Wedge wire screen, 12b ... End plate, 13 ... Inner screen, 13a ... Water passage hole, 14 ... Raw water inflow part, 15 ... Washing drainage outflow part, 16 ... treated water outflow part, 17 ... motor, 18 ... scraper, 19 ... holding member, 21 ... filter medium, 21a ... sparse filter medium, 21b ... dense filter medium, 22 ... filter medium compression means, 23 ... pressing member, 24 ... cylinder, 25 ... Air diffuser, 25a, 25b, 25c ... Air diffuser, 26 ... Air supply path, 27 ... Blower, 28 ... Cleaning path, 29 ... Cleaning agent supply part, 31 ... Intake / exhaust path, 32 ... Waste water path, 33 ... Washing water pump, 34 ... Backwashing path, 41 ... Cylinder, 42 ... Scraper, 43 ... Holding member, 45 ... Floating body, 46 ... Perforated plate, 51 ... Raw water pump, 52 ... Raw water inflow path, 53 ... Aquarium, 54 ... treatment water tank, 56 ... cleaning sump

Claims (8)

密閉容器と、該密閉容器の内部に軸線を鉛直方向に向けて設けられた筒状の外スクリーンと、該外スクリーンの内部に設けられた内スクリーンと、前記外スクリーンと内スクリーンとの間に充填された圧縮変形可能なろ材と、該ろ材を圧縮するろ材圧縮手段と、前記外スクリーンの外周面に付着した固形物を掻き落すための付着物除去手段と、密閉容器の内部に設けられた散気手段と、密閉容器の下部に容器内壁に沿う方向に原水を流入させる原水流入部と、前記内スクリーン内の処理水を密閉容器の上部から流出させる処理水流出部と、密閉容器の下部から洗浄排水を流出させる洗浄排水流出部とを備え、前記散気手段は、前記洗浄排水流出部の経路を開いた状態で、該散気手段からの散気により密閉容器内の圧力を高めて密閉容器内の洗浄排水を排水可能に形成されていることを特徴とするろ過装置。 A sealed container, a cylindrical outer screen provided in the sealed container with the axis line oriented vertically, an inner screen provided in the outer screen, and between the outer screen and the inner screen Provided in the inside of the hermetically sealed container, the filter medium that can be compressed and deformed, the filter medium compressing means for compressing the filter medium, the deposit removing means for scraping off the solid matter adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the outer screen, Aeration means, raw water inflow portion for allowing raw water to flow into the lower part of the sealed container in a direction along the inner wall of the container, treated water outflow part for allowing treated water in the inner screen to flow out from the upper part of the sealed container, and lower part of the sealed container A cleaning drainage outflow portion for allowing the cleaning drainage to flow out from the air, and the air diffuser increases the pressure in the sealed container by the air diffused from the air diffuser with the passage of the cleaning drainage outflow portion opened. Wash in sealed containers Filtration apparatus characterized by being drainable formed drainage. 前記付着物除去手段は、駆動手段により駆動されて回転運動又は直線運動することにより、前記外スクリーンの外周面に摺接するスクレーパーであることを特徴とする請求項1記載のろ過装置。 2. The filtration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the deposit removing means is a scraper that is driven by a driving means to make a rotational motion or a linear motion, and is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the outer screen. 前記付着物除去手段は、前記密閉容器と前記外スクリーンとの間に充填され、ろ過工程時の原水又は洗浄工程時の洗浄水の水流により、前記外スクリーンの外周面に摺接する浮遊体であることを特徴とする請求項1記載のろ過装置。 The adhering matter removing means is a floating body that is filled between the sealed container and the outer screen and is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the outer screen due to the flow of raw water during the filtration step or washing water during the washing step. The filtration device according to claim 1. 前記ろ材圧縮手段は、複数のシリンダーによって前記外スクリーンと内スクリーンとの間を軸線方向に移動し、前記ろ材を充填体積に対して10〜50%の範囲で圧縮及び弛緩する円盤状部材で形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載のろ過装置。 The filter medium compressing means is formed of a disk-shaped member that moves in the axial direction between the outer screen and the inner screen by a plurality of cylinders, and compresses and relaxes the filter medium in a range of 10 to 50% with respect to the filling volume. The filtration device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the filtration device is provided. 前記散気手段は、少なくとも前記外スクリーンと前記内スクリーンとの間の底部に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載のろ過装置。 The filtration device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the air diffuser is provided at least at a bottom portion between the outer screen and the inner screen. 前記散気手段は、該散気手段に散気用空気を供給する経路に、水蒸気、滅菌剤又は洗浄剤を注入する経路が接続されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至のいずれか1項に記載のろ過装置。 The said aeration means has the path | route which inject | pours water vapor | steam, a sterilizing agent, or a washing | cleaning agent with the path | route which supplies the air for aeration to this aeration means, The any one of Claim 1 thru | or 5 characterized by the above-mentioned. 2. The filtration device according to item 1. 前記ろ材は、繊維状又はスポンジ状のろ材であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至のいずれか1項に記載のろ過装置。 The filtration device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the filter medium is a fibrous or sponge-like filter medium. 前記ろ材は、空隙が多く、加圧による変形量が大きなろ材と、空隙が少なく、加圧による変形量が小さなろ材とを組み合わせた構造を有していることを特徴とする請求項1乃至のいずれか1項に記載のろ過装置。 The filter media, the gap is large, the amount of deformation due to pressurization large filtration media according to claim 1 to 6 voids is small, characterized in that the amount of deformation due to pressure has a structure in which a combination of a small filter medium The filtration apparatus of any one of these.
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CN107226499B (en) * 2017-07-26 2023-06-27 德清水一方环保科技有限公司 Sewage treatment device
CN107243182B (en) * 2017-07-26 2023-06-27 德清水一方环保科技有限公司 Sewage treatment equipment
WO2019220828A1 (en) 2018-05-15 2019-11-21 株式会社荒井鉄工所 Shearing member and filtration device
CN114275402B (en) * 2021-11-22 2022-10-28 浙江微盾环保科技股份有限公司 Water circulation device for medical waste treatment
CN116730553B (en) * 2023-07-14 2024-04-02 江苏晟翔智能环保科技有限公司 Landfill leachate collecting device

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JPH02119903A (en) * 1988-10-26 1990-05-08 Yamamoto Koki Kk Automatic filter device
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