JP4595993B2 - 燃料電池システム - Google Patents
燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP4595993B2 JP4595993B2 JP2007290541A JP2007290541A JP4595993B2 JP 4595993 B2 JP4595993 B2 JP 4595993B2 JP 2007290541 A JP2007290541 A JP 2007290541A JP 2007290541 A JP2007290541 A JP 2007290541A JP 4595993 B2 JP4595993 B2 JP 4595993B2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04634—Other electric variables, e.g. resistance or impedance
- H01M8/04641—Other electric variables, e.g. resistance or impedance of the individual fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M16/00—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators
- H01M16/003—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers
- H01M16/006—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers of fuel cells with rechargeable batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04246—Short circuiting means for defective fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04365—Temperature; Ambient temperature of other components of a fuel cell or fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04544—Voltage
- H01M8/04552—Voltage of the individual fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04544—Voltage
- H01M8/04559—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04574—Current
- H01M8/04589—Current of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04604—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/04611—Power, energy, capacity or load of the individual fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04604—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/04626—Power, energy, capacity or load of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04634—Other electric variables, e.g. resistance or impedance
- H01M8/04649—Other electric variables, e.g. resistance or impedance of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04671—Failure or abnormal function of the individual fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04604—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/04619—Power, energy, capacity or load of fuel cell stacks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
A−1.全体構成
図1は第1実施形態に係る燃料電池システム100を搭載した車両の概略構成である。なお、以下の説明では車両の一例として燃料電池自動車(FCHV;Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle)を想定するが、電気自動車やハイブリッド自動車にも適用可能である。また、車両のみならず各種移動体(例えば、船舶や飛行機、ロボットなど)や定置型電源、さらには携帯型の燃料電池システムにも適用可能である。
酸化ガス供給源70は、例えばエアコンプレッサやエアコンプレッサを駆動するモータ、インバータなどから構成され、該モータの回転数などを調整することにより、燃料電池40に供給する酸化ガス量を調整する。
図2は、燃料電池40の等価回路を示した図である。
等価回路におけるR1、R2は燃料電池40の直流抵抗成分(電解質膜の抵抗など)であり、C1は燃料電池40の容量成分に相当する。
図3は、図2の等価回路に高周波から低周波までのインピーダンス測定信号を印加した場合の燃料電池40のインピーダンスを複素平面上にプロット(コールコールプロット)したものである。ここで、IV特性における直流抵抗による電圧降下分を求める際には、測定されるインピーダンスの実部を直流抵抗推定値Reとし、この直流抵抗推定値Reに電流センサ150によって検出されるFC電流を乗ずる。これにより、直流抵抗による電圧降下分が導出されるが、直流抵抗による電圧降下分を正確に求めるためには、インピーダンス測定を精度良く行う必要がある。
図6に示すように、制御装置80は、目標電圧決定部210、モータ回転数検出部215、重畳信号生成部220、電圧指令信号生成部230、インピーダンス演算部240、IV特性推定ライン作成部250を備えている。
重畳信号生成部220は、モータ回転数検出部215から出力される検知結果に基づき、出力目標電圧に重畳すべきインピーダンス測定信号を生成し、これを電圧指令信号生成部230に出力する。詳述すると、重畳信号生成部(決定手段)220は、モータ115の制御信号とインピーダンス測定信号とが共振しないように、インピーダンス測定信号の周波数を非共振周波数に設定(決定)する。重畳信号生成部220は、非共振周波数に設定したインピーダンス測定信号を生成すると、これを電圧指令信号生成部230に出力する。なお、インピーダンス測定信号は、非共振周波数に設定されれば良く、他のパラメータ(例えば、波形の種類、振幅値など)は、システム設計などに応じて適宜設定すれば良い。
図7は、参考形態に係る制御装置80'の機能を説明するための図であり、前掲図6に対応する図である。なお、図6に対応する部分には同一符号を付し、詳細な説明は割愛する。
運転状態検出部(検知手段)215'は、燃料電池40の出力電力を検出し、検出結果を重畳信号生成部220'に出力する。重畳信号生成部(決定手段)220'は、周波数決定マップMP1に基づき、出力目標電圧に重畳すべきインピーダンス測定信号の周波数を決定し、決定した周波数のインピーダンス測定信号を電圧指令信号生成部230に出力する。
に最適な周波数は、燃料電池の40の運転状態に応じて異なる。そこで、本実施形態では
、予め実験などによって燃料電池40の出力電力に対応する最適なインピーダンス測定信
号の周波数を求め、これをマップ化する。例えば、運転状態検出部215’によって検知
された燃料電池40の出力電力が、出力電力P1〜P2の範囲にある場合には、重畳信号
生成部220’は周波数決定マップMP1から周波数fst1を読み出し、周波数fst
1のインピーダンス測定信号を生成し、これを電圧指令信号生成部230に出力する。な
お、この後の動作については第1実施形態と同様に説明することができるため、説明を割
愛する。このように、燃料電池40の運転状態(参考形態では出力電力)を検知し、
検知した運転状態に応じてインピーダンス測定信号の周波数を決定することで、燃料電池
のインピーダンスを精度良く測定することが可能となる。
Claims (2)
- 燃料電池のインピーダンスを測定するインピーダンス測定システムであって、
前記燃料電池に接続され、周波数制御される電子機器と、
前記電子機器を制御する制御信号の周波数を検知する検知手段と、
検知される周波数に基づき、前記インピーダンスの測定周波数を決定する決定手段と、
決定された測定周波数で前記インピーダンスの測定を行う測定手段とを具備し、
前記決定手段は、前記インピーダンスの測定周波数を、検知される周波数と共振しない周波数に決定することを特徴とするインピーダンス測定システム。 - 前記電子機器は、前記燃料電池に接続されたモータであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のインピーダンス測定システム。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007290541A JP4595993B2 (ja) | 2007-11-08 | 2007-11-08 | 燃料電池システム |
CN2008801049499A CN101855761B (zh) | 2007-11-08 | 2008-10-23 | 燃料电池*** |
DE112008002988.1T DE112008002988B8 (de) | 2007-11-08 | 2008-10-23 | Impedanzmesssystem |
US12/741,794 US8432168B2 (en) | 2007-11-08 | 2008-10-23 | Fuel cell system |
PCT/JP2008/069252 WO2009060728A1 (ja) | 2007-11-08 | 2008-10-23 | 燃料電池システム |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007290541A JP4595993B2 (ja) | 2007-11-08 | 2007-11-08 | 燃料電池システム |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2009117229A JP2009117229A (ja) | 2009-05-28 |
JP4595993B2 true JP4595993B2 (ja) | 2010-12-08 |
Family
ID=40625627
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007290541A Expired - Fee Related JP4595993B2 (ja) | 2007-11-08 | 2007-11-08 | 燃料電池システム |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8432168B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4595993B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101855761B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112008002988B8 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2009060728A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5387172B2 (ja) * | 2009-06-30 | 2014-01-15 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池内部状態検出装置 |
JP5392166B2 (ja) * | 2010-04-02 | 2014-01-22 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
US8994340B2 (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2015-03-31 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Cell temperature and degradation measurement in lithium ion battery systems using cell voltage and pack current measurement and the relation of cell impedance to temperature based on signal given by the power inverter |
CN107431225B (zh) * | 2015-03-03 | 2018-10-09 | 日产自动车株式会社 | 燃料电池内部状态检测***以及状态检测方法 |
US10115987B2 (en) | 2015-03-03 | 2018-10-30 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | State detection device and method for fuel cell |
CN104991194A (zh) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-10-21 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 | 一种干态锌银电池非激活的检测方法 |
JP6518603B2 (ja) | 2016-02-24 | 2019-05-22 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 電源装置、機器及び制御方法 |
JP6518604B2 (ja) * | 2016-02-24 | 2019-05-22 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 電源装置、機器及び制御方法 |
CN111007404B (zh) * | 2019-12-24 | 2023-01-10 | 萱柯氢能科技(北京)有限公司 | 一种基于关键频率点的燃料电池阻抗测量分析***及方法 |
DE102022202521A1 (de) * | 2022-03-15 | 2023-09-21 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Verfahren zum Untersuchen einer elektrochemischen Zelle durch eine elektrochemische Impedanzspektroskopie |
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US8432168B2 (en) | 2013-04-30 |
US20100264930A1 (en) | 2010-10-21 |
CN101855761A (zh) | 2010-10-06 |
WO2009060728A1 (ja) | 2009-05-14 |
DE112008002988T5 (de) | 2010-09-23 |
JP2009117229A (ja) | 2009-05-28 |
DE112008002988B8 (de) | 2014-01-23 |
DE112008002988B4 (de) | 2013-11-14 |
CN101855761B (zh) | 2013-12-11 |
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